Michael J. Gigliotti, Noa Farou, Sandip Savaliya, Elias B Rizk
Abstract Nonaccidental trauma (NAT), causing spinal injury is rare and occurs in up to 3% of cases. Management of these injuries is typically conservative, and thus surgical management is not widely reported in the literature. In this case report, we presented three patients to review the effectiveness of spinal instrumentation and posterior fusion in pediatric patients due to NAT. All patients recovered well and were neurologically intact at last follow-up with no postprocedural complications noted. Spinal arthrodesis is a safe, effective way to manage spinal injuries due to NAT in cases of fracture-dislocation, distraction injuries, as well as cases involving neurologic compromise.
{"title":"Nonaccidental Trauma Managed with Open Spinal Fixation and Instrumentation and a Review of the Literature","authors":"Michael J. Gigliotti, Noa Farou, Sandip Savaliya, Elias B Rizk","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732792","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nonaccidental trauma (NAT), causing spinal injury is rare and occurs in up to 3% of cases. Management of these injuries is typically conservative, and thus surgical management is not widely reported in the literature. In this case report, we presented three patients to review the effectiveness of spinal instrumentation and posterior fusion in pediatric patients due to NAT. All patients recovered well and were neurologically intact at last follow-up with no postprocedural complications noted. Spinal arthrodesis is a safe, effective way to manage spinal injuries due to NAT in cases of fracture-dislocation, distraction injuries, as well as cases involving neurologic compromise.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91247413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rajesh Bhosle, D. Raju, S. Patel, Nabanita Ghosh, P. Krishnan
A 73-year-old male patient presented in an unconscious state with weakness of the right side of the body, 8 hours after a fall. On examination, he had no eye opening, no ver-bal response
73岁男性患者，跌倒8小时后出现昏迷状态，右侧身体无力。在检查时，他没有睁开眼睛，没有言语反应
{"title":"Contralateral Acute Subdural Hematoma Developing Intraoperatively following Evacuation of an Ipsilateral Spontaneous Acute Subdural Hematoma in an Elderly Patient","authors":"Rajesh Bhosle, D. Raju, S. Patel, Nabanita Ghosh, P. Krishnan","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732788","url":null,"abstract":"A 73-year-old male patient presented in an unconscious state with weakness of the right side of the body, 8 hours after a fall. On examination, he had no eye opening, no ver-bal response","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89351963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Batuk D. Diyora, S. Gawali, Mehool Patel, G. Dhall
Abstract Civilian penetrating brain injury (PBI) is a rare form of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and is rarer in the pediatric population. Pediatric PBI due to various objects has been reported in the literature. Pediatric PBI with an iron rod has not been previously described. We reported a case of civilian penetrating injury in a 6-year-old girl child patient who fell over a projecting iron rod at a construction site from a height of 6 to 8 feet. She was lifted off from the iron rod and taken to the emergency medical services. CT scan of the brain revealed linear intracerebral hemorrhage along the iron rod’s track with a depressed fracture. She underwent emergency surgery because of a compound depressed fracture. She recovered well from his injury without neurological deficit with an excellent clinical outcome.
{"title":"Iron Rod Penetrating Head Injury in a Child","authors":"Batuk D. Diyora, S. Gawali, Mehool Patel, G. Dhall","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732786","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Civilian penetrating brain injury (PBI) is a rare form of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and is rarer in the pediatric population. Pediatric PBI due to various objects has been reported in the literature. Pediatric PBI with an iron rod has not been previously described. We reported a case of civilian penetrating injury in a 6-year-old girl child patient who fell over a projecting iron rod at a construction site from a height of 6 to 8 feet. She was lifted off from the iron rod and taken to the emergency medical services. CT scan of the brain revealed linear intracerebral hemorrhage along the iron rod’s track with a depressed fracture. She underwent emergency surgery because of a compound depressed fracture. She recovered well from his injury without neurological deficit with an excellent clinical outcome.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87534028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Progressive neurological deterioration in boxers who suf-fer repeated traumatic brain injury (TBI) termed chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) Behavioral including emotional lability, of speech and and The a combination of and
{"title":"Uneasy Lies the Head that Wears the Crown: Historical Vignette on Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy","authors":"P. Krishnan, C. Bhattacharya, Nabanita Ghosh","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732794","url":null,"abstract":"Progressive neurological deterioration in boxers who suf-fer repeated traumatic brain injury (TBI) termed chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) Behavioral including emotional lability, of speech and and The a combination of and","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91081640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Batuk D. Diyora, G. Dhall, Mehool Patel, Mazhar Mulla, Nilesh More, A. Shah
Abstract Transorbital orbitofrontal penetrating injury by a nonmissile object is uncommon. The presentation of this injury varies. This injury can be easily missed during the initial clinical presentation, because the foreign body is sometimes not visible on local examination, the wound on the orbital skin is small, and very subtle signs are present. The patient can present with delayed complications of the primary injury. Our patient was a 33-year-old male who presented with an orbitofrontal injury with a meat hook. He had minor symptoms at the time of presentation, which were overlooked. Three weeks later, he developed signs and symptoms of raised intracranial pressure (ICP). Brain imaging revealed a peripheral rim of contrast-enhancing mass lesion in the right frontal lobe, extending into the right orbit with perilesional edema suggestive of posttraumatic brain abscess. Via right frontal craniotomy, pus was drained out and abscess wall was excised. The patient made good clinical recovery. A higher index of suspicion and sound knowledge of occult penetrating injury patterns is required in the cases of orbital injuries. Appropriate radiological imaging can lead to an earlier and accurate diagnosis, and can prevent its delayed sequela like brain abscess.
{"title":"Meat Hook Injury Leading to Brain Abscess: A Rare Occurrence","authors":"Batuk D. Diyora, G. Dhall, Mehool Patel, Mazhar Mulla, Nilesh More, A. Shah","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732789","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Transorbital orbitofrontal penetrating injury by a nonmissile object is uncommon. The presentation of this injury varies. This injury can be easily missed during the initial clinical presentation, because the foreign body is sometimes not visible on local examination, the wound on the orbital skin is small, and very subtle signs are present. The patient can present with delayed complications of the primary injury. Our patient was a 33-year-old male who presented with an orbitofrontal injury with a meat hook. He had minor symptoms at the time of presentation, which were overlooked. Three weeks later, he developed signs and symptoms of raised intracranial pressure (ICP). Brain imaging revealed a peripheral rim of contrast-enhancing mass lesion in the right frontal lobe, extending into the right orbit with perilesional edema suggestive of posttraumatic brain abscess. Via right frontal craniotomy, pus was drained out and abscess wall was excised. The patient made good clinical recovery. A higher index of suspicion and sound knowledge of occult penetrating injury patterns is required in the cases of orbital injuries. Appropriate radiological imaging can lead to an earlier and accurate diagnosis, and can prevent its delayed sequela like brain abscess.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81404370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neurotization or nerve transfer refers to the transfer of a functional nerve to a denervated nerve, in order to recover some function of the injured nerve, thereby converting a high-level injury to a low-level one. 1 The two most common procedures in the treatment for brachial plexus injuries have been described diagrammatically. Double Oberlin procedure is performed in partial brachial plexus injuries, which involve injury to musculocutaneous nerve and preservation of function of ulnar and median nerves. 2 It involves donor fascicle from superolateral portion of ulnar nerve to the nerve to biceps muscle and donor fascicle from medial portion of median nerve to the nerve to brachialis muscle to recover elbow flexion. Another common nerve transfer procedure involves donor fascicle from spinal accessory nerve (SAN) to suprascapular nerve (SSN) to recover shoulder abduction, external rotation and stabilization partially
{"title":"Double Oberlin Procedure and Spinal Accessory Nerve to Suprascapular Nerve Neurotization","authors":"H. Rai, D. Agrawal","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732793","url":null,"abstract":"Neurotization or nerve transfer refers to the transfer of a functional nerve to a denervated nerve, in order to recover some function of the injured nerve, thereby converting a high-level injury to a low-level one. 1 The two most common procedures in the treatment for brachial plexus injuries have been described diagrammatically. Double Oberlin procedure is performed in partial brachial plexus injuries, which involve injury to musculocutaneous nerve and preservation of function of ulnar and median nerves. 2 It involves donor fascicle from superolateral portion of ulnar nerve to the nerve to biceps muscle and donor fascicle from medial portion of median nerve to the nerve to brachialis muscle to recover elbow flexion. Another common nerve transfer procedure involves donor fascicle from spinal accessory nerve (SAN) to suprascapular nerve (SSN) to recover shoulder abduction, external rotation and stabilization partially","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80272793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Agrawal, Md Moshiur Rahman, R. Khan, I. Lozada‐Martínez, L. Moscote-Salazar, Rakesh Mishra, Sabrina Rahman
Evaluating impaired consciousness in the clinical and surgical intensive care unit (ICU ) is challenging. The eye response, motor response, brainstem reflexes, and respiration pat-tern (FOUR) score and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score are
{"title":"Letter to the Editor: FOUR Score or GCS in Neurocritical Care; Modification or Adaptation","authors":"A. Agrawal, Md Moshiur Rahman, R. Khan, I. Lozada‐Martínez, L. Moscote-Salazar, Rakesh Mishra, Sabrina Rahman","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732790","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluating impaired consciousness in the clinical and surgical intensive care unit (ICU ) is challenging. The eye response, motor response, brainstem reflexes, and respiration pat-tern (FOUR) score and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score are","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85325579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fatal Head Injuries in Royals that Changed the Course of History","authors":"P. Krishnan, C. Bhattacharya, Nabanita Ghosh","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1732791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1732791","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87968805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sivakami Subramaniam, Preetham Prabhakar, Umadevi Kanagaraj, P. Baby
Abstract Objective Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability throughout the world including developing countries like India. Adherence to guideline based TBI management has proven to decrease death rate and improve neurological outcomes. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of TBI guidelines among clinical nurses caring for TBI patients, and to determine the effect of an educational intervention on their knowledge. Methods Preexperimental, one group pretest and posttest design was used. A purposive sample of 60 nurses was included in the study. A structured questionnaire was prepared to assess the knowledge of nurses. Educational intervention was given in the form of a planned teaching program that was prepared based on the national TBI guidelines. Results There was a significant gain in the knowledge scores of the nurses after the educational intervention when compared with the knowledge scores before the intervention (p = 0.001) Nurses who were experienced more than 10 years were found to have significantly higher knowledge score than others with lesser years of experience. Discussion This study demonstrates important knowledge gap about TBI guidelines among clinical nurses. Educational interventions can be effectively used to improve the knowledge about TBI guidelines among nurses.
{"title":"Effect of an Educational Intervention on the Knowledge about Traumatic Brain Injury Guidelines among Clinical Nurses","authors":"Sivakami Subramaniam, Preetham Prabhakar, Umadevi Kanagaraj, P. Baby","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1729140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1729140","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability throughout the world including developing countries like India. Adherence to guideline based TBI management has proven to decrease death rate and improve neurological outcomes. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of TBI guidelines among clinical nurses caring for TBI patients, and to determine the effect of an educational intervention on their knowledge. Methods Preexperimental, one group pretest and posttest design was used. A purposive sample of 60 nurses was included in the study. A structured questionnaire was prepared to assess the knowledge of nurses. Educational intervention was given in the form of a planned teaching program that was prepared based on the national TBI guidelines. Results There was a significant gain in the knowledge scores of the nurses after the educational intervention when compared with the knowledge scores before the intervention (p = 0.001) Nurses who were experienced more than 10 years were found to have significantly higher knowledge score than others with lesser years of experience. Discussion This study demonstrates important knowledge gap about TBI guidelines among clinical nurses. Educational interventions can be effectively used to improve the knowledge about TBI guidelines among nurses.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78753769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Beniwal, Thatikonda Satish, G. Rao, M. Reddy, Srikrishnaaditya Manne
Abstract Lhermitte–Duclos disease, also known as dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma, is a rare hamartomatous tumor localized in cerebellum. An association with Cowden syndrome is observed in 50% of cases who present with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure and cerebellar ataxia. These patients have specific magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological findings. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice. Here, we report a case of a young female with traumatic frontal hemorrhage associated with Lhermitte–Duclos disease.
{"title":"Lhermitte–Duclos Disease: Incidental Finding in Traumatic Cerebral Hemorrhage","authors":"H. Beniwal, Thatikonda Satish, G. Rao, M. Reddy, Srikrishnaaditya Manne","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1729136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1729136","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Lhermitte–Duclos disease, also known as dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma, is a rare hamartomatous tumor localized in cerebellum. An association with Cowden syndrome is observed in 50% of cases who present with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure and cerebellar ataxia. These patients have specific magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological findings. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice. Here, we report a case of a young female with traumatic frontal hemorrhage associated with Lhermitte–Duclos disease.","PeriodicalId":43198,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neurotrauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86915706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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