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The Paint Prepared Using 2D Materials: An Evaluation of Heat Dissipation and Anticorrosive Performance 二维材料制备涂料的散热和防腐性能评价
IF 0.6 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-02-29 DOI: 10.14773/CST.2020.19.1.23
S. Bhang, Hyunjoong Kim, A. Shin, Jinhwan Park
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引用次数: 0
Corrosion Protection Properties of Cobalt Salt for Water-Based Epoxy Coatings on 2024-T3 Aluminum Alloy 钴盐对2024-T3铝合金水性环氧涂层的防腐性能
IF 0.6 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-02-29 DOI: 10.14773/CST.2020.19.1.8
T. Thai, A. T. Trinh, G. V. Pham, T. Pham, H. N. Xuân
Hexavalent chromium compounds (Cr(VI)) have been effectively applied for corrosion protection of aluminum alloy in various processes such as conversion coating, sealing or rinsing for anodization and in the primer laye r... [1-3]. Nevertheless, their cancerous risk and their toxicity for environment required to restrict or eliminate their future use. Significant efforts have been proceeded in last decade to find environmentally friendly alternative inhibitors [4]. Among them, the organic compounds, including the heterocyclic compounds, organic phosphates or carboxylates... and sometimes the synergistic combinations of organic inhibitors have exhibited the high corrosion inhibition effect for the aluminum alloy 2024-T3 surface [5-8]. This effectiveness is based on the formation of a protective barrier film on the surface to avoid the diffusion of oxygen and aggressive species at the metallic surface. The formed film is on the basis of the electrostatic and chemical adsorption of organic molecules on the metallic surface. However, suffer from the fact that this film is normal unstable caused by the highly reversible adsorption of organic inhibitor, limiting the longterm protection for the metal [9]. The inhibition behavior of inorganic substances such as metal cations toward to the corrosion of aluminum alloys has been variously studied. The lanthanides cations (La, Ce, Y, Pr, Nd, Pm...) have been interested from the 1990s. It was shown that the presence of lanthanum or cerium on the aluminum surface hinder the anodic and cathodic processes [10,11]. The cerium cations gave a highest inhibition effect in comparison with other elements, this is due to the formation of the insoluble cerium hydroxide or cerium oxide film resulted by the reaction with the OH group during the cathodic process. However, in the chloride medium, composing with the mixture of Ce(OH)3, Al(OH)3 and Ce(OH)xCl3-x is relative thin for corrosion †Corresponding author: anhtruc.trinh@itt.vast.vn (Anh Truc Trinh) †Corresponding author: ttthuy@itt.vast.vn (Thu Thuy Thai) Corrosion Protection Properties of Cobalt Salt for Water-Based Epoxy Coatings on 2024-T3 Aluminum Alloy
六价铬化合物(Cr(VI))已被有效地应用于铝合金的各种防腐工艺,如转化涂层、阳极氧化密封或冲洗以及底漆层…[1-3]。然而,它们的致癌风险及其对环境的毒性需要限制或消除其未来的使用。在过去的十年里,人们进行了大量的努力来寻找环境友好的替代抑制剂[4]。其中,有机化合物,包括杂环化合物、有机磷酸盐或羧酸盐。。。有时有机抑制剂的协同组合对铝合金2024-T3表面表现出较高的缓蚀效果[5-8]。这种有效性是基于在表面上形成保护性阻挡膜,以避免氧气和侵蚀性物质在金属表面的扩散。所形成的膜是基于有机分子在金属表面上的静电和化学吸附。然而,由于有机抑制剂的高度可逆吸附,该膜通常不稳定,限制了对金属的长期保护[9]。对金属阳离子等无机物质对铝合金腐蚀的抑制行为进行了不同的研究。镧系元素阳离子(La、Ce、Y、Pr、Nd、Pm…)自20世纪90年代以来就引起了人们的兴趣。研究表明,铝表面存在镧或铈会阻碍阳极和阴极过程[10,11]。与其他元素相比,铈阳离子具有最高的抑制作用,这是由于在阴极过程中与OH基团反应形成了不溶性氢氧化铈或氧化铈膜。然而,在氯化物介质中,由Ce(OH)3、Al(OH)3-和Ce(OH-xCl3-x的混合物组成的腐蚀相对较薄†通讯作者:anhtruc.trinh@itt.vast.vn(Anh Truc Trinh)†通讯作者:ttthuy@itt.vast.vn钴盐对2024-T3铝合金水性环氧涂层的(Thu-Tuy-Tai)防腐性能
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引用次数: 0
The Influence of Hydrotalcite Intercalated with Benzoate on UV Stability of Acrylic Coating 苯甲酸酯插层水滑石对丙烯酸涂料UV稳定性的影响
IF 0.6 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-02-29 DOI: 10.14773/CST.2020.19.1.16
T. Nguyen, A. S. Nguyen, T. Thai, G. V. Pham, Thi Xuan Hang To, M. Olivier
It is important to realize that benzoate was intercalated into hydrotalcite (HTC-Bz) by the co-precipitation method. In this case, acrylic coating with 0.5 wt% HTC-Bz was deposited on carbon steel using the spin coating method. Next, the HTC-Bz structure was characterized by Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). In fact, an ultraviolet vision spectroscopy (UV-Vis) was used to determine the benzoate content in HTC-Bz, and the UV absorption ability of HTC-Bz. Using electrochemical techniques, water contact angle measurement, and thermal-gravimetric analysis, we compared the protective properties before and after QUV test, hydrophobicity and the thermal stability of acrylic coating containing HTC-Bz. The obtained results showed that HTC-Bz with a plate-like structure was successfully synthesized; benzoate was intercalated into the interlayer of hydrotalcite with a concentration of 28 wt%. Additionally, it was noted that HTC-Bz has an UV absorption peak at 225 nm. In conclusion, the addition of HTC-Bz enhanced the UV stability, hydrophobicity and the thermal stability of acrylic coating.
苯甲酸盐是通过共沉淀法嵌入水滑石(HTC-Bz)的。在这种情况下,使用旋转镀膜法在碳钢上沉积了含有0.5 wt% HTC-Bz的丙烯酸涂层。然后,利用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、x射线衍射(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)对HTC-Bz的结构进行表征。实际上,采用紫外分光光度法(UV- vis)测定了HTC-Bz中苯甲酯的含量,并测定了HTC-Bz的紫外吸收能力。采用电化学技术、水接触角测量、热重分析等方法,比较了含HTC-Bz丙烯酸涂层在QUV测试前后的防护性能、疏水性和热稳定性。结果表明:成功合成了具有片状结构的HTC-Bz;在水滑石夹层中插入浓度为28 wt%的苯甲酸酯。此外,HTC-Bz在225nm处有一个紫外吸收峰。综上所述,HTC-Bz的加入增强了丙烯酸涂料的UV稳定性、疏水性和热稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
Electrochemical and Thermal Property Enhancement of Natural Graphite Electrodes via a Phosphorus and Nitrogen Incorporating Surface Treatment 磷和氮结合表面处理提高天然石墨电极的电化学和热性能
IF 0.6 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-02-29 DOI: 10.14773/CST.2020.19.1.31
Kyungbae Kim, Han-Seul Kim, H. Seo, Jae‐Hun Kim
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引用次数: 2
650 ℃의 10%O 2 +10%CO 2 가스 환경에서 2.25Cr-1Mo강의 산화특성에 미치는 KCl(s)과 K 2 SO 4 (s)의 영향 KCl(s)和K 2 SO 4 (s)对650℃10%O 2 +10%CO 2气体环境中2.25 cr -1Mo钢氧化特性的影响
IF 0.6 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-02-29 DOI: 10.14773/CST.2020.19.1.43
Kwang-Hu Jung, Seong-Jong Kim, 정광후・김성종
In this study, the effects of KCl(s) and K2SO4(s) on the oxidation characteristics of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel were investigated for 500 h in 10O2 + 10CO2 (vol%) gas environmen at 650 °C. Oxidation kinetics were characterized by weight gain, oxide layer thickness, and fitted models for the experiment data were proposed. The fitted models presented considerable agreement with the experimental data. The oxide layer was analyzed using the scanning electron microscope, optical microscope, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The oxidation kinetics of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel with KCl and K2SO4 coatings showed significantly different oxidation kinetics. KCl accelerated the oxidation rate very much and had linear oxidation behavior. In contrast, K2SO4 had no significant effect, which had parabolic kinetics. The oxide layer was commonly composed of Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and FeCr2O4 spinel. KCl strongly accelerated the oxidation rates of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel in the high-temperature oxidation environment. Conversely, K2SO4 had little effect on the oxidation rates.
在650℃的10O2 + 10CO2 (vol%)气体环境中,研究了KCl(s)和K2SO4(s)对2.25Cr-1Mo钢500 h氧化特性的影响。氧化动力学用增重、氧化层厚度表征,并对实验数据建立了拟合模型。拟合的模型与实验数据相当吻合。利用扫描电镜、光学显微镜和能量色散x射线能谱分析氧化层。KCl和K2SO4涂层对2.25Cr-1Mo钢的氧化动力学表现出明显的差异。KCl明显加快了氧化速率,并具有线性氧化行为。而K2SO4对其无显著影响,具有抛物动力学。氧化层主要由Fe2O3、Fe3O4和FeCr2O4尖晶石组成。在高温氧化环境下,KCl明显加快了2.25Cr-1Mo钢的氧化速率。相反,K2SO4对氧化速率影响不大。
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引用次数: 0
A Study on the Crystalline Boron Analysis in CRUD in Spent Fuel Cladding Using EPMA X-ray Images 用EPMA x射线图像分析乏燃料包壳CRUD中结晶硼的研究
IF 0.6 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-02-29 DOI: 10.14773/CST.2020.19.1.1
Y. Jung, S. Baik, Y. Jin
Chalk River Unidentified Deposits (CRUDs) were collected from the Korean pressurized water reactor (PWR) plant (A, B, and C) where the axial offset anomaly (AOA) occurred. AOA, also known as a CRUD-induced power shift, is one of the key issues in maintaining stable PWR plant operations. CRUDs were sampled from spent nuclear fuel rods and analyzed using an electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA). This paper describes the characteristics of boron-deposits from the CRUDs sampled from twice-burnt assemblies from the Korean PWR. The primary coolant of a PWR contains boron and lithium. It is known that boron deposition occurs in a thick CRUD layer under substantial sub-cooled nucleate boiling (SNB). The results of this study are summarized as follows. Boron was not found at the locations where the existence was confirmed in simulated CRUDs, in other words, the cladding and CRUD boundaries. Nevertheless, we clearly observed the presence of boron and confirmed that boron existed as a lump in crystalline form. In addition, the study confirmed that CRUD existed in a crystal form with a unique size of about 10 μm.
在发生轴向偏移异常(AOA)的韩国压水堆(PWR)厂(A、B和C)收集了白垩河不明沉积物(CRUDs)。AOA也被称为原油引起的功率转移,是维持压水堆工厂稳定运行的关键问题之一。从废核燃料棒中取样CRUDs,并使用电子探针微量分析仪(EPMA)进行分析。本文介绍了从韩国压水堆二次燃烧组件中取样的原油中硼矿床的特征。压水堆的主冷却剂含有硼和锂。已知硼沉积发生在大量过冷核沸腾(SNB)下的厚CRUD层中。本研究结果总结如下:硼在模拟CRUD中被证实存在的位置,即包层和CRUD边界处没有被发现。然而,我们清楚地观察到硼的存在,并证实硼以块状晶体形式存在。此外,该研究还证实了CRUD以一种独特尺寸约为10 μm的晶体形式存在。
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引用次数: 2
Prediction of Pitting Corrosion Characteristics of AL-6XN Steel with Sensitization and Environmental Variables Using Multiple Linear Regression Method 基于敏化度和环境变量的AL-6XN钢点蚀特性多元线性回归预测
IF 0.6 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14773/CST.2020.19.6.302
Seong-Jong Kim, K. Jung
This study aimed to predict the pitting corrosion characteristics of AL-6XN super-austenitic steel using multiple linear regression. The variables used in the model are degree of sensitization, temperature, and pH. Experiments were designed and cyclic polarization curve tests were conducted accordingly. The data obtained from the cyclic polarization curve tests were used as training data for the multiple linear regression model. The significance of each factor in the response (critical pitting potential, repassivation potential) was analyzed. The multiple linear regression model was validated using experimental conditions that were not included in the training data. As a result, the degree of sensitization showed a greater effect than the other variables. Multiple linear regression showed poor performance for prediction of repassivation potential. On the other hand, the model showed a considerable degree of predictive performance for critical pitting potential. The coefficient of determination (R 2 ) was 0.7745. The possibility for pitting potential prediction was confirmed using multiple linear regression.
本研究旨在利用多元线性回归预测AL-6XN超奥氏体钢的点蚀特性。模型中使用的变量为敏化度、温度和ph值。据此设计实验并进行循环极化曲线测试。循环极化曲线试验数据作为多元线性回归模型的训练数据。分析了各因素(临界点蚀电位、再钝化电位)对反应的影响。使用训练数据中未包含的实验条件对多元线性回归模型进行验证。结果表明,敏化程度比其他变量的影响更大。多元线性回归对再钝化电位的预测效果较差。另一方面,该模型对临界点蚀电位具有相当程度的预测性能。决定系数(r2)为0.7745。利用多元线性回归验证了点蚀电位预测的可能性。
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引用次数: 2
Effect of Ti Intermediate Layer on Properties of HAp Plasma Sprayed Biocompatible Coatings Ti中间层对HAp等离子喷涂生物相容性涂层性能的影响
IF 0.6 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14773/CST.2020.19.2.51
S. Take, Tusyoshi Otabe, Wataru Ohgake, T. Atsumi
The objective of this study was to improve properties of plasma sprayed HAp layer to titanium substrate by introducing an intermediate layer with two different methods. Before applying Zn doped HAp coating on titanium substrate, an intermediate layer was introduced by titanium plasma spray or titanium anodization. Heat treatments were conducted for some samples after titanium intermediate layer was formed. Zn doped HAp top layer was applied by plasma spraying. Three-point bending test and pull-off adhesion test were performed to determine the adhesion of Zn doped HAp coatings to substrates. Long-term credibility of Zn doped HAp plasma sprayed coatings on titanium was assessed by electrochemical impedance measurements in Hanks’ solution. It was found that both titanium plasma sprayed and titanium anodized intermediate layer had excellent credibility. Strong adhesion to the titanium substrate was confirmed after 12 weeks of immersion for coating samples with titanium plasma sprayed intermediate layer. Samples with titanium anodized intermediate layer showed good bending strength. However, they showed relatively poor resistance against pulling off. The thickness of titanium anodized intermediate layer can be controlled much more precisely than that of plasma sprayed one, which is important for practical application.
本研究的目的是通过两种不同的方法引入中间层来改善等离子喷涂钛基板的性能。在钛基上涂覆锌掺杂HAp涂层之前,先通过钛等离子喷涂或钛阳极氧化的方法引入一层中间层。在钛中间层形成后,对部分试样进行热处理。采用等离子喷涂的方法制备了掺杂锌的HAp顶层。采用三点弯曲试验和拉脱附着力试验来测定掺杂Zn的HAp涂层与基体的附着力。通过Hanks溶液中的电化学阻抗测量,评估了锌掺杂HAp等离子喷涂涂层在钛上的长期可靠性。结果表明,钛等离子喷涂中间层和钛阳极氧化中间层均具有良好的可靠性。等离子喷涂钛中间层的涂层样品浸泡12周后,与钛基体的附着力较强。钛阳极氧化中间层的试样具有良好的抗弯强度。然而,它们表现出相对较差的抗拔性。阳极氧化钛中间层的厚度比等离子喷涂钛中间层的厚度控制更为精确,具有重要的实际应用价值。
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引用次数: 0
Selective Corrosion of Socket Welds of Stainless Steel Pipes Under Seawater Atmosphere 不锈钢管承插焊缝在海水气氛下的选择性腐蚀
IF 0.6 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14773/CST.2020.19.4.224
M. Boo, Jangseok Lee, Jong-Hoon Lee
Stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance. The drawback is that pitting occurs easily due to the concentration of chloride. In addition, corrosion of socket weld, which is structurally and chemically weaker than the other components of the pipe, occurs rapidly. Since these two phenomena overlap, pinhole leakage occurs frequently in the seawater pipe socket welds made of stainless steel at the power plants. To analyze this specific corrosion, a metallurgical analysis of the stainless steel socket welds, where the actual corrosion occurred during the power plant operation, was performed. The micro-structure and chemical composition of each socket weld were analyzed. In addition, selective corrosion of the specific micro-structure in a mixed dendrite structure comprising γ-austenite (gamma-phase iron) and δ-ferrite (iron at high temperature) was investigated based on the characteristic micro-morphology and chemical composition of the corroded area. Finally, the different corrosion stages and characteristics of socket weld corrosion are summarized.
不锈钢具有优良的耐腐蚀性。缺点是由于氯化物的浓度,很容易发生点蚀。此外,与管道的其他部件相比,承插焊缝在结构和化学上都较弱,因此腐蚀发生得很快。由于这两种现象重叠,电站不锈钢海水管承插焊缝经常发生针孔泄漏。为了分析这种特殊的腐蚀,对不锈钢承插焊缝进行了冶金分析,在发电厂运行期间,实际腐蚀发生在那里。分析了各承插焊缝的显微组织和化学成分。此外,根据腐蚀区域的特征微观形貌和化学成分,研究了γ-奥氏体(γ相铁)和δ-铁素体(高温铁)混合枝晶结构中特定微观组织的选择性腐蚀。最后总结了承插焊缝腐蚀的不同阶段及腐蚀特点。
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引用次数: 0
Corrosion Failure Analysis of Air Vents Installed at Heat Transport Pipe in District Heating System 区域供热系统热传导管道通风口腐蚀失效分析
IF 0.6 Q3 Materials Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14773/CST.2020.19.4.189
Hyongjoon Lee, H. Chae, J. Cho, W. Kim, J. Jeong, Heesan Kim, Jung-Gu Kim, S. Lee
Two air vents situated on a heat transport pipe in district heating system were exposed to the same environment for 10 years. However, one air vent was more corroded than the other. It also had a hole on the top of the front-end pipe. Comparative analysis was performed for these air vents to identify the cause of corrosion and establish countermeasures. Through experimental observation of the damaged part and analyses of powders sampled from air vents, it was found that corrosion was initiated at the top of the front-end pipe. It then spread to the bottom. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results showed that potassium and chlorine were measured from the corroded product in the damaged air vent derived from rainwater and insulation, respectively. The temperature of the damaged air vent was maintained at 75 ~ 120 °C by heating water. Rainwater-soaked insulation around the front-end pipe had been hydrolyzed. Therefore, the damaged air vent was exposed to an environment in which corrosion under insulation could be facilitated. In addition, ion chromatography and inductively coupled plasma measurements indicated that the matrix of the damaged front-end pipe contained a higher manganese content which might have promoted corrosion under insulation.
区域供热系统中位于热传导管道上的两个通风口在同一环境中暴露了10年。然而,一个通风口比另一个腐蚀得更严重。在前端管的顶部也有一个孔。对这些通风口进行了对比分析,以确定腐蚀原因并制定对策。通过对破损部位的实验观察和从通风口取样的粉末分析,发现腐蚀是在前端管的顶部开始的。然后扩散到底部。能量色散x射线能谱分析结果表明,从雨水和保温材料破损通风口的腐蚀产物中分别测得钾和氯。通过加热水将损坏的通风口温度维持在75 ~ 120℃。前端管道周围被雨水浸透的保温层已经水解。因此,损坏的通风口暴露在一个环境中,可以促进绝缘下的腐蚀。此外,离子色谱和电感耦合等离子体测量表明,损坏前端管的基体含有较高的锰含量,这可能促进了绝缘下的腐蚀。
{"title":"Corrosion Failure Analysis of Air Vents Installed at Heat Transport Pipe in District Heating System","authors":"Hyongjoon Lee, H. Chae, J. Cho, W. Kim, J. Jeong, Heesan Kim, Jung-Gu Kim, S. Lee","doi":"10.14773/CST.2020.19.4.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14773/CST.2020.19.4.189","url":null,"abstract":"Two air vents situated on a heat transport pipe in district heating system were exposed to the same environment for 10 years. However, one air vent was more corroded than the other. It also had a hole on the top of the front-end pipe. Comparative analysis was performed for these air vents to identify the cause of corrosion and establish countermeasures. Through experimental observation of the damaged part and analyses of powders sampled from air vents, it was found that corrosion was initiated at the top of the front-end pipe. It then spread to the bottom. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results showed that potassium and chlorine were measured from the corroded product in the damaged air vent derived from rainwater and insulation, respectively. The temperature of the damaged air vent was maintained at 75 ~ 120 °C by heating water. Rainwater-soaked insulation around the front-end pipe had been hydrolyzed. Therefore, the damaged air vent was exposed to an environment in which corrosion under insulation could be facilitated. In addition, ion chromatography and inductively coupled plasma measurements indicated that the matrix of the damaged front-end pipe contained a higher manganese content which might have promoted corrosion under insulation.","PeriodicalId":43201,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science and Technology-Korea","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66633275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Corrosion Science and Technology-Korea
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