Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2020.1861318
Federico Gálvez Gambero
ABSTRACT La deuda pública fue una de las opciones con que contaron los estados bajomedievales europeos a la hora de financiarse. Sin embargo, su evolución no fue uniforme, sino que dependió de la estructura de la hacienda pública y el desarrollo financiero entre otras cuestiones. La Corona de Castilla constituye el paradigma de aparición de la deuda pública en combinación con un sistema fiscal fuerte, la mayoría de cuyos ingresos se fundamentaban en la soberanía fiscal del príncipe en lugar del consenso e intermediación de otras instancias jurisdiccionales. Este hecho es fundamental a la hora de explicar sus particulares características, así como el éxito del sistema de deuda pública castellano durante el Renacimiento.
{"title":"La deuda pública en la Corona de Castilla en época Trastámara (ca. 1369–1504)","authors":"Federico Gálvez Gambero","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2020.1861318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2020.1861318","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT La deuda pública fue una de las opciones con que contaron los estados bajomedievales europeos a la hora de financiarse. Sin embargo, su evolución no fue uniforme, sino que dependió de la estructura de la hacienda pública y el desarrollo financiero entre otras cuestiones. La Corona de Castilla constituye el paradigma de aparición de la deuda pública en combinación con un sistema fiscal fuerte, la mayoría de cuyos ingresos se fundamentaban en la soberanía fiscal del príncipe en lugar del consenso e intermediación de otras instancias jurisdiccionales. Este hecho es fundamental a la hora de explicar sus particulares características, así como el éxito del sistema de deuda pública castellano durante el Renacimiento.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"13 1","pages":"96 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17546559.2020.1861318","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42791502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2021.1874615
J. Pearson, C. Duckworth, Javier López-Rider, David J. Govantes-Edwards
ABSTRACT How might an interdisciplinary approach involving experimental archaeology improve our knowledge of glassmaking in medieval Iberia? Our current limited understanding lacks an appreciation of how surviving remains were created through the actual practice of glassmaking—herein lies the biggest single gap in knowledge. Archaeological experiments show that while the infima glassmaking recipe offers a credible guide to basic glassmaking technology, it is best interpreted as a set of learned instructions rooted in, though not describing, workshop practice. Awareness of the sensory qualities of glass, the conducting of experiments, and observation of glass production practice, all combined within a theoretical framework that embraces embodied knowledge and phenomenological aspects of space and time, suggest the potential existence of an encoded “text” of past glassmaking practice within archaeological workshop remains. The authors advocate further experimental archaeology on a more ambitious scale, exploring the sensory and performative aspects of glassmaking practice, to better learn to read the distinctive handwriting of this “text” in medieval Iberian archaeology.
{"title":"Text, practice, and experience: an experimental approach to the archaeology of glassmaking in medieval Iberia","authors":"J. Pearson, C. Duckworth, Javier López-Rider, David J. Govantes-Edwards","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2021.1874615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2021.1874615","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT How might an interdisciplinary approach involving experimental archaeology improve our knowledge of glassmaking in medieval Iberia? Our current limited understanding lacks an appreciation of how surviving remains were created through the actual practice of glassmaking—herein lies the biggest single gap in knowledge. Archaeological experiments show that while the infima glassmaking recipe offers a credible guide to basic glassmaking technology, it is best interpreted as a set of learned instructions rooted in, though not describing, workshop practice. Awareness of the sensory qualities of glass, the conducting of experiments, and observation of glass production practice, all combined within a theoretical framework that embraces embodied knowledge and phenomenological aspects of space and time, suggest the potential existence of an encoded “text” of past glassmaking practice within archaeological workshop remains. The authors advocate further experimental archaeology on a more ambitious scale, exploring the sensory and performative aspects of glassmaking practice, to better learn to read the distinctive handwriting of this “text” in medieval Iberian archaeology.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"13 1","pages":"119 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17546559.2021.1874615","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43365166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2020.1853790
Nerea Fernández Cadenas
ABSTRACT Slates from the Visigothic era that have appeared in certain areas of the Iberian Peninsula have aroused considerable academic interest. One of the liveliest and still open debates concerns the significance of a series of signs engraved on these slates. Their identification with the Roman numbering system is currently the most widely accepted hypothesis, to the extent that it has become more or less taken for granted and has shaped theories about the function and dating of numeral slates. The present study questions the validity of this premise by undertaking a comparative diachronic analysis of the signs I, X, and V on the slates relative to those used in Roman numbering. I propose a new reading of these signs as not straightforwardly Roman, but rather as the result of local innovations relating to the cultural and economic needs of the communities in which this numerical system is present.
{"title":"A critical review of the signs on Visigothic slates: challenging the Roman numerals premise","authors":"Nerea Fernández Cadenas","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2020.1853790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2020.1853790","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Slates from the Visigothic era that have appeared in certain areas of the Iberian Peninsula have aroused considerable academic interest. One of the liveliest and still open debates concerns the significance of a series of signs engraved on these slates. Their identification with the Roman numbering system is currently the most widely accepted hypothesis, to the extent that it has become more or less taken for granted and has shaped theories about the function and dating of numeral slates. The present study questions the validity of this premise by undertaking a comparative diachronic analysis of the signs I, X, and V on the slates relative to those used in Roman numbering. I propose a new reading of these signs as not straightforwardly Roman, but rather as the result of local innovations relating to the cultural and economic needs of the communities in which this numerical system is present.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"13 1","pages":"1 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17546559.2020.1853790","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45164964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2020.1849767
Jorge Elices Ocón
ABSTRACT During the early Middle Ages, the Iberian Peninsula was the scene of a political and religious conflict in which antiquity played a surprisingly significant role. From the time of the Islamic conquest, Umayyad emirs, Christians kings, and local cities and aristocratic families turned their eyes to the past, looking for elements to create their own memories, identities, and discourses. Antiquity was used as a tool, generating explanations to understand and legitimize the present. However, the process of reception and the discourses of legitimacy that were invoked have not been properly considered since only the Christian discourse managed to survive, due to the “Reconquista” as well as modern Spanish nationalistic and Catholic historiography.
{"title":"Discourses of antiquity in early medieval Iberia","authors":"Jorge Elices Ocón","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2020.1849767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2020.1849767","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT During the early Middle Ages, the Iberian Peninsula was the scene of a political and religious conflict in which antiquity played a surprisingly significant role. From the time of the Islamic conquest, Umayyad emirs, Christians kings, and local cities and aristocratic families turned their eyes to the past, looking for elements to create their own memories, identities, and discourses. Antiquity was used as a tool, generating explanations to understand and legitimize the present. However, the process of reception and the discourses of legitimacy that were invoked have not been properly considered since only the Christian discourse managed to survive, due to the “Reconquista” as well as modern Spanish nationalistic and Catholic historiography.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"13 1","pages":"28 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17546559.2020.1849767","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44620462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2020.1805120
J. Jasperse
ABSTRACT The present article demonstrates that material culture offers medievalists an often untapped primary source, in this case the seals of Matilda of Flanders (d. 1218). Born Teresa of Portugal, she was the daughter of King Afonso Henriques of Portugal and Queen Mafalda of Savoy; as wife, then widow of Count Philip of Flanders, Matilda issued two double-sided seal types. By foregrounding the material traces connected with the countess, an unexpected picture unfolds of a self-conscious royal heiress and staunch promotor of her natal family. Here it is shown that Matilda's seals share signifying elements with those of her royal siblings Sancho and Urraca, arguing that her seal was part of an explicit statement of familial connections. This visual declaration reveals a previously unrecognized chapter of the countess’ history, in which she asserted her place within the Portuguese dynasty from her new lands in the County of Flanders.
{"title":"Of seals and siblings: Teresa/Matilda (d. 1218), queen of Portugal and countess of Flanders","authors":"J. Jasperse","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2020.1805120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2020.1805120","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present article demonstrates that material culture offers medievalists an often untapped primary source, in this case the seals of Matilda of Flanders (d. 1218). Born Teresa of Portugal, she was the daughter of King Afonso Henriques of Portugal and Queen Mafalda of Savoy; as wife, then widow of Count Philip of Flanders, Matilda issued two double-sided seal types. By foregrounding the material traces connected with the countess, an unexpected picture unfolds of a self-conscious royal heiress and staunch promotor of her natal family. Here it is shown that Matilda's seals share signifying elements with those of her royal siblings Sancho and Urraca, arguing that her seal was part of an explicit statement of familial connections. This visual declaration reveals a previously unrecognized chapter of the countess’ history, in which she asserted her place within the Portuguese dynasty from her new lands in the County of Flanders.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"12 1","pages":"317 - 343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17546559.2020.1805120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44668289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2020.1812691
Vincent Debiais, José-Luis Senra
ABSTRACT In the present article, we undertake the first in-depth analysis and contextualization of the funerary inscription from the tomb lid of Countess Teresa de Carrión (d. 1093), designed by the monks at the Cluniac priory of San Zoilo in Carrión de los Condes (Palencia). Focusing on the figure of a carismatic woman from the central Middle Ages, we investigate the context of the elite kin network in Castilla-León to which she pertained, as well as the deliberate construction of her memory in later centuries. The memorial discourse was created through a complex web of documentation, both visual and written, which developed in differing patterns for a range of purposes. Their ultimate common goal was to establish an attractive – and lucrative – history of the countess as monastic patron during a time when the institution was falling into progressive decadence. In unexpected results, the material evidence of the inscription opens a new window onto a little-studied moment in the history of the monastery through the deliberate elevation of a past female patron.
在本文中，我们首次对特丽莎伯爵夫人Carrión(公元1093年)墓盖上的陪葬铭文进行了深入分析和语境化，该墓盖是由位于Carrión de los Condes (Palencia)的San Zoilo的Cluniac修道院的僧侣设计的。我们以中世纪一位富有魅力的女性为中心，研究了Castilla-León中她所处的精英亲属网络的背景，以及后来几个世纪对她的记忆的刻意建构。纪念话语是通过一个复杂的文件网络创建的，包括视觉和书面文件，这些文件以不同的模式发展，用于一系列目的。他们最终的共同目标是，在修道院逐渐陷入颓废的时候，创造一段伯爵夫人作为修道院赞助人的诱人且有利可图的历史。意想不到的结果是，碑文的物质证据为修道院历史上一个鲜为人知的时刻打开了一扇新的窗口，通过刻意提升一位过去的女性赞助人。
{"title":"Memoria, panegírico y epigrafía: la condesa Teresa Peláez de Carrión (ob. 1093)","authors":"Vincent Debiais, José-Luis Senra","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2020.1812691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2020.1812691","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the present article, we undertake the first in-depth analysis and contextualization of the funerary inscription from the tomb lid of Countess Teresa de Carrión (d. 1093), designed by the monks at the Cluniac priory of San Zoilo in Carrión de los Condes (Palencia). Focusing on the figure of a carismatic woman from the central Middle Ages, we investigate the context of the elite kin network in Castilla-León to which she pertained, as well as the deliberate construction of her memory in later centuries. The memorial discourse was created through a complex web of documentation, both visual and written, which developed in differing patterns for a range of purposes. Their ultimate common goal was to establish an attractive – and lucrative – history of the countess as monastic patron during a time when the institution was falling into progressive decadence. In unexpected results, the material evidence of the inscription opens a new window onto a little-studied moment in the history of the monastery through the deliberate elevation of a past female patron.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"12 1","pages":"293 - 316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17546559.2020.1812691","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41452018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-31DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2020.1798015
S. Pérez-González, José Antonio Mingorance Ruiz
ABSTRACT Jerez de la Frontera and its wines enjoy an unquestionable reputation. The expansion of wine production and consumption in the Early Modern period was made possible by developments that began at the end of the Middle Ages, on which this paper focuses. Our aim is to analyze two products of the vine, raisins and wine, which had distinctive identifying characteristics in the period studied. It was in the fifteenth century that Jerez de la Frontera, according to its socioeconomic situation, became the second most important city of the Kingdom of Seville, due in part to the production of wine and the thriving community of merchants, as well as the activities associated with its pier (called El Portal) and the port at Bahía de Cádiz. The present study centers on the period from the fifteenth century through the turn of the sixteenth to examine the place of raisins and wines from Jerez in commercial circuits along the Mediterranean Sea and the north–south routes of the Atlantic Ocean.
赫雷斯·德拉弗朗特拉及其葡萄酒享有无可争议的声誉。葡萄酒生产和消费在近代早期的扩张是由于中世纪末期开始的发展而成为可能的，本文将重点介绍这一点。我们的目的是分析葡萄树的两种产品，葡萄干和葡萄酒，它们在研究时期具有鲜明的识别特征。在15世纪，根据其社会经济状况，赫雷斯德拉弗朗特拉成为塞维利亚王国第二大重要城市，部分原因是葡萄酒的生产和繁荣的商人社区，以及与码头(称为El Portal)和Bahía de Cádiz港口相关的活动。本研究以15世纪到16世纪之交的时期为中心，考察赫雷斯的葡萄干和葡萄酒在地中海沿岸和大西洋南北航线的商业线路中的地位。
{"title":"La exportación del vino y las pasas de Jerez de la Frontera a finales de la Edad Media","authors":"S. Pérez-González, José Antonio Mingorance Ruiz","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2020.1798015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2020.1798015","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Jerez de la Frontera and its wines enjoy an unquestionable reputation. The expansion of wine production and consumption in the Early Modern period was made possible by developments that began at the end of the Middle Ages, on which this paper focuses. Our aim is to analyze two products of the vine, raisins and wine, which had distinctive identifying characteristics in the period studied. It was in the fifteenth century that Jerez de la Frontera, according to its socioeconomic situation, became the second most important city of the Kingdom of Seville, due in part to the production of wine and the thriving community of merchants, as well as the activities associated with its pier (called El Portal) and the port at Bahía de Cádiz. The present study centers on the period from the fifteenth century through the turn of the sixteenth to examine the place of raisins and wines from Jerez in commercial circuits along the Mediterranean Sea and the north–south routes of the Atlantic Ocean.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"12 1","pages":"383 - 403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17546559.2020.1798015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44744847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-12DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2020.1802654
Paula Cardoso
ABSTRACT The Observant reforms marked the religious landscape of late medieval Europe, changing the Church as a whole and initiating a wave of reforms and the foundation of convents in all the major religious orders. Recent studies devoted to the subject have revealed the pluralities of the movement in each territory and congregation and alerted scholars to the necessity of studies that go beyond the official accounts of reform produced by the Observants within a propagandistic agenda. Centring on the spread of Observance in the Dominican province of Portugal—for which the main reference remains early modern chronicles, based on the accounts of the reformers—this paper seeks to bring new insights to the dynamics and agents behind the spread of this reform among the Portuguese Dominicans, in particular the female branch of the order, in which proliferation was deeply connected with the reformative politics of the time.
{"title":"Unveiling female observance: reform, regulation and the rise of Dominican nunneries in late medieval Portugal","authors":"Paula Cardoso","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2020.1802654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2020.1802654","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Observant reforms marked the religious landscape of late medieval Europe, changing the Church as a whole and initiating a wave of reforms and the foundation of convents in all the major religious orders. Recent studies devoted to the subject have revealed the pluralities of the movement in each territory and congregation and alerted scholars to the necessity of studies that go beyond the official accounts of reform produced by the Observants within a propagandistic agenda. Centring on the spread of Observance in the Dominican province of Portugal—for which the main reference remains early modern chronicles, based on the accounts of the reformers—this paper seeks to bring new insights to the dynamics and agents behind the spread of this reform among the Portuguese Dominicans, in particular the female branch of the order, in which proliferation was deeply connected with the reformative politics of the time.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"12 1","pages":"365 - 382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17546559.2020.1802654","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44978708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-05DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2020.1790628
Richard Ibarra
ABSTRACT The hybridity of foreign merchants has received much scholarly attention, though the strategies undergirding the integration of Italians in Castile have been little explored. A selection of wills drawn up for Italian merchants living in Seville in the early sixteenth century gives some insight into these strategies. Five case studies, indicative of general trends presented by these merchants’ identification in wills and their burial preferences, demonstrate some of the ways they retained an Italian identity while cultivating Sevillian and Castilian connections.
{"title":"To be buried in Seville: the ambiguous integration of Italian merchants, 1480–1570","authors":"Richard Ibarra","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2020.1790628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2020.1790628","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The hybridity of foreign merchants has received much scholarly attention, though the strategies undergirding the integration of Italians in Castile have been little explored. A selection of wills drawn up for Italian merchants living in Seville in the early sixteenth century gives some insight into these strategies. Five case studies, indicative of general trends presented by these merchants’ identification in wills and their burial preferences, demonstrate some of the ways they retained an Italian identity while cultivating Sevillian and Castilian connections.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"12 1","pages":"404 - 424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17546559.2020.1790628","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44003268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-27DOI: 10.1080/17546559.2020.1797140
Alexandra Guerson, Dana Wessell Lightfoot
ABSTRACT On 27 September 1391, a woman named Tolrana stood on the steps of the Gironella tower in Girona and, before Christian officials and her own Jewish representatives, refused to convert to Christianity or to remain married to her husband Francesc, who had converted during the recent attacks against the Jewish community. Almost thirty years later, in February 1419, the minor orphan Tolrana Benet appealed to King Alfons because she wanted to convert to Christianity but was being prevented by her Jewish guardians. She proposed to the king that she be put under the guardianship of her converso uncle, Lluis de Cardona. We do not know why the first Tolrana decided to end her marriage rather than convert, nor why the young Tolrana resisted familial pressures to remain Jewish. Yet both examples illustrate ways in which Jewish women exercised agency as a means of determining their own lives. This article focuses on the experiences of women to consider the intersection of agency and religious conversion in a community fraught with crisis around the turn of the fifteenth century.
{"title":"A tale of two Tolranas: Jewish women’s agency and conversion in late medieval Girona","authors":"Alexandra Guerson, Dana Wessell Lightfoot","doi":"10.1080/17546559.2020.1797140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17546559.2020.1797140","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT On 27 September 1391, a woman named Tolrana stood on the steps of the Gironella tower in Girona and, before Christian officials and her own Jewish representatives, refused to convert to Christianity or to remain married to her husband Francesc, who had converted during the recent attacks against the Jewish community. Almost thirty years later, in February 1419, the minor orphan Tolrana Benet appealed to King Alfons because she wanted to convert to Christianity but was being prevented by her Jewish guardians. She proposed to the king that she be put under the guardianship of her converso uncle, Lluis de Cardona. We do not know why the first Tolrana decided to end her marriage rather than convert, nor why the young Tolrana resisted familial pressures to remain Jewish. Yet both examples illustrate ways in which Jewish women exercised agency as a means of determining their own lives. This article focuses on the experiences of women to consider the intersection of agency and religious conversion in a community fraught with crisis around the turn of the fifteenth century.","PeriodicalId":43210,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medieval Iberian Studies","volume":"12 1","pages":"344 - 364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17546559.2020.1797140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42376489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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