Although prior research has tended to dichotomize work teams as virtual or non-virtual, most project teams today involve some mix of face-to-face and virtual interaction. We develop a construct called Virtual Distance ® that includes temporal, spatial and relational facets and apply it to 115 project teams. We propose that virtual distance will influence trust, goal clarity and organizational citizenship and will indirectly have an influence on innovativeness and project success. Our results showed that virtual distance had significant influences on trust, goal clarity and OCB and indirectly influenced innovation and success. The results have implications for the selection and management of teams that are geographically dispersed and interact virtually.
{"title":"The Role of Virtual Distance in Innovation and Success","authors":"Karen Sobel Lojeski, R. Reilly, P. Dominick","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2006.484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2006.484","url":null,"abstract":"Although prior research has tended to dichotomize work teams as virtual or non-virtual, most project teams today involve some mix of face-to-face and virtual interaction. We develop a construct called Virtual Distance ® that includes temporal, spatial and relational facets and apply it to 115 project teams. We propose that virtual distance will influence trust, goal clarity and organizational citizenship and will indirectly have an influence on innovativeness and project success. Our results showed that virtual distance had significant influences on trust, goal clarity and OCB and indirectly influenced innovation and success. The results have implications for the selection and management of teams that are geographically dispersed and interact virtually.","PeriodicalId":432250,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'06)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116080459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper discusses using users and the amount of context captured by a Knowledge Management System as the basis for classifying systems. The paper discusses previous classification schemes and concludes they aren’t helpful as Knowledge Management in an organization encompasses all the classification criteria in an ongoing basis. Ultimately, it is concluded that classifying the system based on the context for the captured knowledge being stored in the users’ heads or as part of the knowledge base is the appropriate method.
{"title":"Classifying Knowledge Management Systems Based on Context Content","authors":"M. Jennex","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2006.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2006.85","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses using users and the amount of context captured by a Knowledge Management System as the basis for classifying systems. The paper discusses previous classification schemes and concludes they aren’t helpful as Knowledge Management in an organization encompasses all the classification criteria in an ongoing basis. Ultimately, it is concluded that classifying the system based on the context for the captured knowledge being stored in the users’ heads or as part of the knowledge base is the appropriate method.","PeriodicalId":432250,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'06)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115310786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The protection and control systems in the US utility industry are still primarily composed of electromechanical relays and systems. Over 80 percent of the relays are still electromechanical at Michigan Electric Transmission Company (METC), with only incremental upgrading to microprocessor technology carried out in recent years. Maintenance costs of older equipment are high, and limited non-operational fault data is accessed via modem from the microprocessor relays. METC embarked on a program to develop a business and technical strategy to replace the aging protection and control equipment. This paper describes how an aggressive replacement strategy can be the most cost-effective solution for system-wide upgrading. This strategy and its benefits (from both reliability and financial perspectives) are described using the program to completely replace the protection and control equipment in all 82 of its substations. METC is developing enterprise-level processing of the masses of data to improve operational and business efficiency.
{"title":"System-Wide Replacement Strategy for Substation Protection and Automation Systems","authors":"P. Myrda, E. Udren","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2006.446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2006.446","url":null,"abstract":"The protection and control systems in the US utility industry are still primarily composed of electromechanical relays and systems. Over 80 percent of the relays are still electromechanical at Michigan Electric Transmission Company (METC), with only incremental upgrading to microprocessor technology carried out in recent years. Maintenance costs of older equipment are high, and limited non-operational fault data is accessed via modem from the microprocessor relays. METC embarked on a program to develop a business and technical strategy to replace the aging protection and control equipment. This paper describes how an aggressive replacement strategy can be the most cost-effective solution for system-wide upgrading. This strategy and its benefits (from both reliability and financial perspectives) are described using the program to completely replace the protection and control equipment in all 82 of its substations. METC is developing enterprise-level processing of the masses of data to improve operational and business efficiency.","PeriodicalId":432250,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'06)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124733700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes the efforts underway at NPCC to enhance system reliability since the August 2003 Blackout, and summarizes how the NERC and the U.S. - Canadian Power System Outage Task Force Recommendations are being addressed in Northeastern North America.
{"title":"A Blueprint for Enhancing Future Reliability","authors":"P. A. Fedora","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2006.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2006.2","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the efforts underway at NPCC to enhance system reliability since the August 2003 Blackout, and summarizes how the NERC and the U.S. - Canadian Power System Outage Task Force Recommendations are being addressed in Northeastern North America.","PeriodicalId":432250,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'06)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124900499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A clinical pathway represents sequencing and timing of interventions by clinicians, nurses and other healthcare professionals for a particular clinical presentation. It is designed to minimize delays and resource utilizations and to maximize the quality of tertiary care. A pathway is used to monitor and control patient’s progress that is measured according to standard process and clinical outcomes. We conducted a retrospective chart study and used the Bayesian belief network (BBN) to model a pathway for radical prostatectomy that was developed at The Ottawa Hospital — Civic Campus, and to predict the patient’s length of stay (LOS) given the deviations from pre-determined course of action.
{"title":"Bayesian Belief Network Model of the Radical Prostatectomy Pathway","authors":"W. Michalowski, S. Wilk, A. Thijssen, Mingmei Li","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2006.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2006.72","url":null,"abstract":"A clinical pathway represents sequencing and timing of interventions by clinicians, nurses and other healthcare professionals for a particular clinical presentation. It is designed to minimize delays and resource utilizations and to maximize the quality of tertiary care. A pathway is used to monitor and control patient’s progress that is measured according to standard process and clinical outcomes. We conducted a retrospective chart study and used the Bayesian belief network (BBN) to model a pathway for radical prostatectomy that was developed at The Ottawa Hospital — Civic Campus, and to predict the patient’s length of stay (LOS) given the deviations from pre-determined course of action.","PeriodicalId":432250,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'06)","volume":"519 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123125349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Meliopoulos, G. Cokkinides, F. Galvan, B. Fardanesh
GPS-synchronized equipment (PMUs) is in general higher precision equipment as compared to typical SCADA systems. Conceptually, PMU data are time tagged with accuracy of better than 1 microsecond and magnitude accuracy that is better than 0.1%. This potential performance is not achieved in an actual field installation due to errors from instrumentation channels and system imbalances. Presently, PMU data precision from substation installed devices is practically unknown. On the other hand, specific applications of PMU data require specific accuracy of data. Applications vary from simple system monitoring to wide area protection and control to voltage instability prediction. Each application may have different accuracy requirements. For example for simple system monitoring in steady state highly accurate data may not be critical while for transient instability prediction high precision may be critical. For addressing data precision requirements for a variety of applications, it is necessary to quantify the accuracy of the collected PMU data. We discuss data precision requirements for a variety of applications and we propose a methodology for characterizing data errors. In particular, we propose a new approach for improving data accuracy via estimation methods. The proposed methodology quantifies the expected error of the filtered data. Examples are provided that define the instrumentation requirements for specific applications.
{"title":"GPS-Synchronized Data Acquisition: Technology Assessment and Research Issues","authors":"A. Meliopoulos, G. Cokkinides, F. Galvan, B. Fardanesh","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2006.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2006.199","url":null,"abstract":"GPS-synchronized equipment (PMUs) is in general higher precision equipment as compared to typical SCADA systems. Conceptually, PMU data are time tagged with accuracy of better than 1 microsecond and magnitude accuracy that is better than 0.1%. This potential performance is not achieved in an actual field installation due to errors from instrumentation channels and system imbalances. Presently, PMU data precision from substation installed devices is practically unknown. On the other hand, specific applications of PMU data require specific accuracy of data. Applications vary from simple system monitoring to wide area protection and control to voltage instability prediction. Each application may have different accuracy requirements. For example for simple system monitoring in steady state highly accurate data may not be critical while for transient instability prediction high precision may be critical. For addressing data precision requirements for a variety of applications, it is necessary to quantify the accuracy of the collected PMU data. We discuss data precision requirements for a variety of applications and we propose a methodology for characterizing data errors. In particular, we propose a new approach for improving data accuracy via estimation methods. The proposed methodology quantifies the expected error of the filtered data. Examples are provided that define the instrumentation requirements for specific applications.","PeriodicalId":432250,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'06)","volume":"33 1-2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123591409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
between investments in information technology, manufacturing plant strategies and their impact on business process outsourcing (BPO) in manufacturing plants. Using survey data from US manufacturing plants, we develop a theoretical framework for studying the antecedents of BPO at the plant level. Our analysis suggests that the level of information technology (IT) investments, as a percentage of plant sales, is positively associated with the outsourcing of plant production activities. We also find that plants with higher levels of in-house software infrastructure are less likely to outsource plant support business processes. Furthermore, we find that plant manufacturing strategies and other plant-specific characteristics, such as production volume and the degree of worker unionization, also have a significant impact on the types of business processes that are outsourced. Managerial and research implications of our research into the antecedents of BPO are summarized.
{"title":"Antecedents of Business Process Outsourcing in Manufacturing Plants","authors":"I. Bardhan, Jonathan Whitaker, Sunil Mithas","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2006.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2006.62","url":null,"abstract":"between investments in information technology, manufacturing plant strategies and their impact on business process outsourcing (BPO) in manufacturing plants. Using survey data from US manufacturing plants, we develop a theoretical framework for studying the antecedents of BPO at the plant level. Our analysis suggests that the level of information technology (IT) investments, as a percentage of plant sales, is positively associated with the outsourcing of plant production activities. We also find that plants with higher levels of in-house software infrastructure are less likely to outsource plant support business processes. Furthermore, we find that plant manufacturing strategies and other plant-specific characteristics, such as production volume and the degree of worker unionization, also have a significant impact on the types of business processes that are outsourced. Managerial and research implications of our research into the antecedents of BPO are summarized.","PeriodicalId":432250,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'06)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123610775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Knowledge representation began with logic and ontology from Aristotle and focuses on managing information via structured metadata about relationships. Tools evolved employing subset approximation, categorization, and computational analysis that enable human understanding and mathematical manipulation. System fidelity requires that relationship richness be kept proportional to information size and complexity. This paper introduces knowledge simulation (Ks) resulting in knowledge inference (Ki). Ks is based on network science principles rather than structured metadata. Ki suggests knowledge potential by relaxing requirements for human understanding but increasing capability for human interaction in directing computational analysis.
{"title":"Knowledge Simulation via Relationship Mapping and Network Science","authors":"S. Halladay, Charles A. Milligan","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2006.245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2006.245","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge representation began with logic and ontology from Aristotle and focuses on managing information via structured metadata about relationships. Tools evolved employing subset approximation, categorization, and computational analysis that enable human understanding and mathematical manipulation. System fidelity requires that relationship richness be kept proportional to information size and complexity. This paper introduces knowledge simulation (Ks) resulting in knowledge inference (Ki). Ks is based on network science principles rather than structured metadata. Ki suggests knowledge potential by relaxing requirements for human understanding but increasing capability for human interaction in directing computational analysis.","PeriodicalId":432250,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'06)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122117964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Gopal, R. Garfinkel, Manuel A. Nunez, Daniel O. Rice
Technological advances in the collection, storage and analysis of data have increased the ease with which businesses can make profitable use of information about individuals. Some of this information is private and individuals are simultaneously becoming more aware of its value and concerned about losing control of it. As a partial solution to these concerns a model is presented that serves two purposes. The first is to enable the use of private data in the answering of queries while simultaneously protecting the owners of the data from loss of privacy. The second is to develop a compensation model for the use of the data that allows individuals to dynamically redefine their security requirements. This compensation model is built on a model for information security and forms the foundation of a market for private information. Several information security techniques and their suitability for inclusion in the compensation model are discussed. Compensation models like the one presented here could be used in a self-regulating market for private information. Finally, the compensation component of an intermediated market for private information is developed and extensively analyzed. We provide insights and draw several important conclusions on markets for private information.
{"title":"Electronic Markets for Private Information: Economic and Security Considerations","authors":"R. Gopal, R. Garfinkel, Manuel A. Nunez, Daniel O. Rice","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2006.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2006.145","url":null,"abstract":"Technological advances in the collection, storage and analysis of data have increased the ease with which businesses can make profitable use of information about individuals. Some of this information is private and individuals are simultaneously becoming more aware of its value and concerned about losing control of it. As a partial solution to these concerns a model is presented that serves two purposes. The first is to enable the use of private data in the answering of queries while simultaneously protecting the owners of the data from loss of privacy. The second is to develop a compensation model for the use of the data that allows individuals to dynamically redefine their security requirements. This compensation model is built on a model for information security and forms the foundation of a market for private information. Several information security techniques and their suitability for inclusion in the compensation model are discussed. Compensation models like the one presented here could be used in a self-regulating market for private information. Finally, the compensation component of an intermediated market for private information is developed and extensively analyzed. We provide insights and draw several important conclusions on markets for private information.","PeriodicalId":432250,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'06)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122641445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines the relationship between e-business competence, training, and the performance of e-business in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). E-business competencies and e-business performance were investigated based on survey data from a sample of 339 SMEs in three European countries. In addition, data of the training supply related to e-business was collected from a sample of 116 providers of e-business related training. The findings show that training can explain variances in e-business related competencies as well as e-business performance in terms of efficiency, complementarities, lock-in and novelty. The research has implications for business managers and for policy makers who make decisions regarding support for the SME segment.
{"title":"Training for the e-Business Competition: An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship between Competence, Training and Performance in European SMEs","authors":"Dag H. Olsen, T. Eikebrokk","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2006.506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2006.506","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the relationship between e-business competence, training, and the performance of e-business in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). E-business competencies and e-business performance were investigated based on survey data from a sample of 339 SMEs in three European countries. In addition, data of the training supply related to e-business was collected from a sample of 116 providers of e-business related training. The findings show that training can explain variances in e-business related competencies as well as e-business performance in terms of efficiency, complementarities, lock-in and novelty. The research has implications for business managers and for policy makers who make decisions regarding support for the SME segment.","PeriodicalId":432250,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'06)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125584318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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