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Modeling Initial and Repeat Online Trust in B2C E-Commerce B2C电子商务中初始信任与重复信任的建模
Wei-Chang Kong, Yu-Ting Caisy Hung
Prior research has demonstrated that the degrees and impact of customer trust on purchase intentions change with online experience. While online trust research has incorporated and built upon models and theories of interpersonal trust, swift trust, and impersonal trust, this line of research tends to examine initial and repeat online trust separately. Based on a dual processing model of persuasion — Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM), this study attempts to provide one theoretical framework to examine customers’ formation of initial trust and repeat trust simultaneously. The model identifies motivation and ability to assess online vendor’s attributes as the key drivers to the formation of online trust attitude. These two factors, in combination, determine the salience of different information in influencing one’s trust attitude toward an e-vendor. Initial and repeat online transactions implied different levels of motivation and ability to deliberate vendor-related attributes, explaining the often observed distinct processes in initial trust and repeat trust formation. Implications and applications of such a framework are discussed.
先前的研究表明,顾客信任对购买意愿的影响程度和影响程度随着在线体验的变化而变化。虽然网络信任研究已经纳入并建立了人际信任、快速信任和非个人信任的模型和理论,但这一研究倾向于分别考察初始和重复的网络信任。本研究基于说服的双重加工模型——细化似然模型(ELM),试图提供一个理论框架来同时考察顾客的初始信任和重复信任的形成。该模型确定了在线供应商属性评估的动机和能力是在线信任态度形成的关键驱动因素。这两个因素共同决定了不同信息对电子供应商信任态度影响的显著性。初次和重复的在线交易暗示了不同层次的动机和考虑供应商相关属性的能力,解释了在初次信任和重复信任形成中经常观察到的不同过程。讨论了该框架的含义和应用。
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引用次数: 67
Defining Complexity Factors for the Architecture Evaluation Framework 为架构评估框架定义复杂性因素
O. Mazhelis, Jari A. Lehto, Jouni Markkula, M. Pulkkinen
The design and implementation of telecommunication systems is an incremental and iterative process, and system architectures may need to be revised and refined several times during their lifetime. Formal evaluation facilitates the identification of the weak points, where improvements are due in these architectures. In the domain of telecommunications, such evaluation can be based on the Architecture Evaluation Framework (AEF). During the evaluation, a deep understanding of the processes within a system is needed. Meanwhile, the systems being designed are usually complex systems encompassing a large number of components with an intricate pattern of interaction between them. As a result, it is extremely difficult to understand, predict and control the behavior of such systems. Theoretical studies in the field of complex systems describe potential reasons of system complexity, and explain its possible outcomes, as reflected in system structure and behavior. This knowledge may be utilized in architecture evaluation, in order to deepen the understanding of the interactions imposed by the architecture, as well as to extend the understanding of the involved architectural tradeoffs. For this, the complexity factors should be taken into account during the evaluation. However, no such factors are involved in the current version of the AEF. In this paper, the attempt is made to identify how the knowledge about properties of complex systems could be utilized for the evaluation of information system architectures. Based on the theoretical advances in the field of complex systems, a list of the complexity factors to be included in the AEF is compiled. These factors are going to be further refined, as the AEF is employed for evaluating real-world architectures.
电信系统的设计和实现是一个增量和迭代的过程,系统架构在其生命周期中可能需要多次修改和完善。正式的评估有助于识别弱点,在这些体系结构中需要改进的地方。在电信领域,这种评估可以基于体系结构评估框架(AEF)。在评估过程中,需要对系统内的过程有深入的了解。同时,正在设计的系统通常是包含大量组件的复杂系统,这些组件之间具有复杂的交互模式。因此,很难理解、预测和控制这类系统的行为。复杂系统领域的理论研究描述了系统复杂性的潜在原因,并解释了反映在系统结构和行为上的可能结果。这些知识可以在体系结构评估中使用,以加深对体系结构所施加的交互的理解,以及扩展对所涉及的体系结构权衡的理解。为此,在评价时应考虑到复杂性因素。然而,当前版本的AEF中没有涉及这些因素。在本文中,试图确定如何利用复杂系统属性的知识来评估信息系统架构。根据复杂系统领域的理论进展,编制了AEF中要包含的复杂性因素列表。随着AEF被用于评估真实世界的体系结构,这些因素将被进一步细化。
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引用次数: 7
Optimizing an IT Project Portfolio with Time-Wise Interdependencies 优化具有时间相关性的IT项目组合
I. Bardhan, R. Kauffman, Sanjeewa Naranpanawe
Little research has examined the relevance of real options for valuation of information technology (IT) investments for prioritizing a portfolio of projects. When the effect of project interdependencies is considered, the complexity of prioritizing even a small number of projects poses several challenges in applying real options. We develop a new methodology suite which integrates the results of real options analysis within a portfolio management framework. We propose a multi-period optimization model to combine the advantages of using real options analysis with the ease of an optimization program to help IT managers make optimal funding decisions. We demonstrate advantages over traditional methods by using data from a U.S. utility company. Our contributions are: (1) integration of real options analysis with portfolio optimization methods, so projects can be prioritized across a multi-period horizon, and (2) validation of our approach by showing its superiority over traditional portfolio management models.
很少有研究考察了信息技术(IT)投资估值的实物期权与项目组合优先级的相关性。当考虑到项目相互依赖的影响时,即使是少数项目的优先级的复杂性也给应用实物期权带来了一些挑战。我们开发了一个新的方法论套件,它将实物期权分析的结果集成在一个投资组合管理框架内。我们提出了一个多周期优化模型,将使用实物期权分析的优势与优化程序的便利性相结合,以帮助IT经理做出最佳的资金决策。我们通过使用一家美国公用事业公司的数据来证明其优于传统方法的优势。我们的贡献是:(1)将实物期权分析与投资组合优化方法相结合,从而可以在多时期范围内对项目进行优先排序;(2)通过展示其优于传统投资组合管理模型的方法来验证我们的方法。
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引用次数: 28
Processing of Data Streams with Prediction Functions 用预测函数处理数据流
S. Ilarri, O. Wolfson, E. Mena, A. Illarramendi, N. Rishe
Networks of sensors arise naturally in many different fields, from industrial applications (e.g., monitoring of environmental parameters in a chemical plant) to surveillance applications (e.g., sensors that detect the presence of intruders in a private property). The common feature of these applications is the necessity of a monitoring infrastructure that analyzes continuous supplies of data streams and outputs the values that satisfy certain constraints. In this paper we present an approach to process monitoring queries in a network of sensors with prediction functions. We consider sensors that communicate their values according to a threshold policy and our query processing leverages prediction functions to compare tuples efficiently and generate answers even in the absence of new incoming tuples. We deal with two types of constraints: window-join constraints and value constraints.
传感器网络自然出现在许多不同的领域,从工业应用(例如,监测化工厂的环境参数)到监视应用(例如,检测私有财产中是否存在入侵者的传感器)。这些应用程序的共同特点是需要监视基础设施来分析数据流的连续供应,并输出满足某些约束的值。在本文中,我们提出了一种在具有预测功能的传感器网络中处理监控查询的方法。我们考虑根据阈值策略通信其值的传感器,我们的查询处理利用预测函数来有效地比较元组,并在没有新传入元组的情况下生成答案。我们处理两种类型的约束:窗口连接约束和值约束。
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引用次数: 6
You Are Who You Talk To: Detecting Roles in Usenet Newsgroups 你就是你谈话的对象:检测新闻组中的角色
Danyel Fisher, Marc A. Smith, Howard T. Welser
Understanding the social roles of the members a group can help to understand the social context of the group. We present a method of applying social network analysis to support the task of characterizing authors in Usenet newsgroups. We compute and visualize networks created by patterns of replies for each author in selected newsgroups and find that second-degree ego-centric networks give us clear distinctions between different types of authors and newsgroups. Results show that newsgroups vary in terms of the populations of participants and the roles that they play. Newsgroups can be characterized by populations that include question and answer newsgroups, conversational newsgroups, social support newsgroups, and flame newsgroups. This approach has applications for both researchers seeking to characterize different types of social cyberspaces as well as participants seeking to distinguish interaction partners and content authors.
了解群体成员的社会角色有助于理解群体的社会背景。我们提出了一种应用社会网络分析的方法来支持在新闻组中描述作者的任务。我们计算并可视化了由选定新闻组中每个作者的回复模式创建的网络,并发现二级自我中心网络为我们提供了不同类型的作者和新闻组之间的明确区别。结果表明,新闻组在参与者的数量和他们扮演的角色方面有所不同。新闻组的特征可以由人口组成,包括问答新闻组、会话新闻组、社会支持新闻组和火焰新闻组。这种方法既适用于寻找不同类型的社交网络空间特征的研究人员,也适用于寻找区分互动伙伴和内容作者的参与者。
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引用次数: 296
Robust and Efficient Data Gathering for Wireless Sensor Networks 无线传感器网络鲁棒高效数据采集
L. Gatani, G. Re, M. Ortolani
This paper describes a new strategy for data gathering in wireless sensor networks that takes into account the need for both energy saving, typical of such networks, and for a reasonable tradeoff between robustness and efficiency. The proposed algorithm implements an efficient strategy for retransmission of lost packets by discovering alternative routes and making clever use of multiple paths when necessary; in order to do that we build upon the general framework presented in recent works, that provided a formulation of duplicate and order insensitive aggregation functions, and by taking advantage of some intrinsic characteristics of the wireless sensor networks, we exploit implicit acknowledgment of reception and smart caching of the data. Assuming that, unlike in an ideal scenario, data originates from only a subset of all sensors, our approach provides a better usage of the resources and a minimization of the traffic in the network, and, as a consequence, of the overall consumed energy.
本文描述了一种新的无线传感器网络数据采集策略,该策略既考虑了此类网络的典型节能需求,又考虑了鲁棒性和效率之间的合理权衡。该算法通过发现替代路由和在必要时巧妙地利用多条路径,实现了一种有效的丢失数据包重传策略;为了做到这一点,我们建立在最近工作中提出的一般框架的基础上,该框架提供了重复和顺序不敏感聚合函数的公式,并通过利用无线传感器网络的一些固有特征,我们利用了对接收的隐式确认和数据的智能缓存。假设,与理想情况不同,数据仅来自所有传感器的一个子集,我们的方法提供了更好的资源利用和最小化网络中的流量,并因此减少了总体消耗的能量。
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引用次数: 26
Extending the Use of Games in Health Care 扩大游戏在医疗保健中的应用
C. Watters, M. Shepherd, A. Abouzeid, A. Cox, M. Kellar, Hadi Kharrazi, Fengan Liu, A. Otley
Digital games have the ability to engage both children and adults alike. We are exploring the use of games for children with long term treatment regimes, where motivation for compliance is a key factor in the success of the treatment. In this paper, we describe the game framework we are building for this purpose. This framework is meant to support the long term use of a gaming world for children with three main goals: (a) provide easy and continual gaming access on a range of computing appliances including small screen devices; (b) offer games that can be personalized and are adaptable based on the child’s interests or specific illness; and (c) maintain novelty and interest in the treatment over time. This framework not only provides a benefit to the children involved, but also provides user data to the coaches, clinicians, and health researchers involved in the child’s treatment regime.
数字游戏能够同时吸引儿童和成人。我们正在探索将游戏用于接受长期治疗的儿童,依从性的动机是治疗成功的关键因素。在本文中,我们将描述为此目的而构建的游戏框架。该框架旨在支持儿童长期使用游戏世界,其主要目标有三个:(a)在一系列计算设备(包括小屏幕设备)上提供简单和持续的游戏访问;(b)提供可根据儿童的兴趣或特定疾病进行个人化和适应性的游戏;(c)长期保持对治疗的新鲜感和兴趣。该框架不仅为所涉及的儿童提供了好处,而且还为参与儿童治疗方案的教练、临床医生和卫生研究人员提供了用户数据。
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引用次数: 59
Evaluation of Knowledge Management Technologies for the Support of Technology Forecasting 支持技术预测的知识管理技术评价
Marc Henselewski, Stefan Smolnik, G. Riempp
Today’s business environment is characterized by highly transparent markets and global competition. Technology life cycles are decreasing due to the fast pace at which development of new technologies is progressing. To compete in this environment, it is necessary to identify upcoming innovations and trends as early as possible to decrease uncertainty, implement technology leadership, and create competitive advantage. In a parallel development, the amount of information available is already vast and increasing daily. With a growing number of features for innovation in technology, each contributing a new need for analysis, technology forecasting has become increasingly challenging. The goal of our paper is to investigate to what extent knowledge management technologies support and improve the technology forecasting process to face the aforementioned problems successfully. Consequently, we will develop a characterization scheme which works as a framework for the subsequent evaluation of knowledge management technologies and apply this to a real world case.
当今商业环境的特点是高度透明的市场和全球竞争。由于新技术的快速发展,技术生命周期正在缩短。为了在这种环境中竞争,有必要尽早识别即将到来的创新和趋势,以减少不确定性,实现技术领先,并创造竞争优势。与此同时,可获得的信息量已经很大,而且每天都在增加。随着技术创新的特征越来越多,每一个特征都对分析产生了新的需求,技术预测变得越来越具有挑战性。本文的目的是探讨知识管理技术在多大程度上支持和改进技术预测过程,以成功地面对上述问题。因此,我们将开发一个表征方案,作为后续评估知识管理技术的框架,并将其应用于现实世界的案例。
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引用次数: 17
Bluetooth Discovery Time with Multiple Inquirers 具有多个查询器的蓝牙发现时间
Brian S. Peterson, R. Baldwin, R. Raines
Although the discovery time between a pair of Bluetooth devices has been well characterized, the impact of multiple inquiring devices on the discovery time has not. Discovery time must be considered when forming or maintaining Bluetooth networks with multiple inquiring devices. The presence of a second inquiring device can significantly delay, and even preclude, the discovery of a scanning device by an inquiring node. When a scan window opens, each inquiring device does not have an equal likelihood of discovering the scanning node since one inquirer may consistently transmit on the scan frequency before the other. The discovery time probability density function with multiple inquiring devices is presented.
虽然一对蓝牙设备之间的发现时间已经得到了很好的表征,但是多个查询设备对发现时间的影响还没有得到很好的表征。在形成或维护具有多个查询设备的蓝牙网络时,必须考虑发现时间。第二个查询设备的存在可以显著延迟,甚至阻止查询节点发现扫描设备。当扫描窗口打开时,每个查询设备发现扫描节点的可能性并不相等,因为一个查询设备可能始终在另一个设备之前发送扫描频率。给出了多查询设备下的发现时间概率密度函数。
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引用次数: 16
Examining Cross-Agency Collaborations in E-Government Initiatives 研究跨部门合作推行电子政府措施
P. H. Hu, Dai Cui, Alan Charles Sherwood
Cross-agency collaborations are critical to the success of e-government, which has great potential to transform the way that governments work, share information and deliver services to external and internal clients. Most prior research examining cross-agency collaborations has focused on "what" and "why" issues, thus offering only limited discussions on how to ensure effective cross-agency collaborations. In this study, we propose a framework for the institution structure critical to effective cross-agency collaborations in e-government initiatives. We then apply this framework to examine the institution (enterprise) efforts for implementing OneStop Business Registration (OSBR), a successful e-government initiative in the State of Utah. Our framework encompasses critical enablers supported by a fundamental infrastructural underpinning. Institution structures that follow the proposed framework can facilitate the horizontal integration among multiple autonomous agencies while coping with the existing bureaucratic structures without challenging each agency’s objectives, constraints, or autonomy. Our analysis and findings have important implications to e-government research and practice, which are also discussed.
跨部门合作对电子政务的成功至关重要,电子政务在改变政府工作方式、共享信息和向外部和内部客户提供服务方面具有巨大潜力。大多数先前关于跨机构合作的研究都集中在“什么”和“为什么”问题上,因此对如何确保有效的跨机构合作的讨论非常有限。在这项研究中,我们提出了一个制度结构框架,该框架对电子政务倡议中有效的跨机构合作至关重要。然后,我们应用这个框架来检查机构(企业)为实现一站式商业登记(OSBR)所做的努力,这是犹他州一个成功的电子政务计划。我们的框架包含由基本基础设施支撑的关键推动者。遵循所建议的框架的制度结构可以促进多个自治机构之间的横向整合,同时在不挑战每个机构的目标、约束或自主权的情况下应对现有的官僚结构。本文的分析结果对电子政务的研究和实践具有重要的指导意义。
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引用次数: 28
期刊
Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'06)
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