Following the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825, Detroit became an emerging urban and industrial center. In the early through mid-nineteenth century, private homes, hotels, manufacturers, and retail stores densely populated the Detroit riverfront. Over 19,000 artifacts from this waterfront neighborhood were recovered in 1973–1974, during construction of the Renaissance Center, within a nine cityblock area. The ceramics from this collection tell a rich story of people from various social classes and ethnicities having lived in close proximity during Detroit’s transformation into a metropolis. This research presents a comparative analysis of ceramic assemblages from five features within a portion of this neighborhood. A minimum number of vessels (MNV) count aids our understanding of trends in ceramics use and provides a ready comparison with other consumption patterns and functions of place within the diverse neighborhood. The results allow for a broader discussion of the scope and significance of the ceramics market in early urban Detroit.
{"title":"Interpreting the Sherds","authors":"S. Ellens, Susan Villerot, Don Adzigian","doi":"10.2307/48629434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/48629434","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Following the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825, Detroit became an emerging urban and industrial center. In the early through mid-nineteenth century, private homes, hotels, manufacturers, and retail stores densely populated the Detroit riverfront. Over 19,000 artifacts from this waterfront neighborhood were recovered in 1973–1974, during construction of the Renaissance Center, within a nine cityblock area. The ceramics from this collection tell a rich story of people from various social classes and ethnicities having lived in close proximity during Detroit’s transformation into a metropolis. This research presents a comparative analysis of ceramic assemblages from five features within a portion of this neighborhood. A minimum number of vessels (MNV) count aids our understanding of trends in ceramics use and provides a ready comparison with other consumption patterns and functions of place within the diverse neighborhood. The results allow for a broader discussion of the scope and significance of the ceramics market in early urban Detroit.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45065080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The transition to sedentary village life and maize agriculture was an important turning point in the prehistory of the American midcontinent. This article presents the results of excavations at the Turpin site, one of the earliest agricultural villages in the Middle Ohio Valley, located just east of Cincinnati, Ohio. Although earlier researchers suggested that Turpin was occupied later during the Fort Ancient period, our work confidently anchors the site to the inception of the Fort Ancient archaeological culture. Excavations reported here produced evidence of two Mississippian-style walltrench structures, each of which dates between AD 1050 and AD 1275, demonstrating the early and nonlocal nature of occupation at the site. Material culture further supports the interpretation that the Turpin site reflects a community that included nonlocal peoples and traditions. Our findings provide archaeological support for recent biological studies suggesting that the inception of Fort Ancient culture along the Middle Ohio River was linked, at least in part, to an influx of people from neighboring Mississippian regions.
{"title":"Contextualizing Mississippian Migration in Early Fort Ancient Villages","authors":"A. Comstock, R. Cook","doi":"10.2307/48629433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/48629433","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The transition to sedentary village life and maize agriculture was an important turning point in the prehistory of the American midcontinent. This article presents the results of excavations at the Turpin site, one of the earliest agricultural villages in the Middle Ohio Valley, located just east of Cincinnati, Ohio. Although earlier researchers suggested that Turpin was occupied later during the Fort Ancient period, our work confidently anchors the site to the inception of the Fort Ancient archaeological culture. Excavations reported here produced evidence of two Mississippian-style walltrench structures, each of which dates between AD 1050 and AD 1275, demonstrating the early and nonlocal nature of occupation at the site. Material culture further supports the interpretation that the Turpin site reflects a community that included nonlocal peoples and traditions. Our findings provide archaeological support for recent biological studies suggesting that the inception of Fort Ancient culture along the Middle Ohio River was linked, at least in part, to an influx of people from neighboring Mississippian regions.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41338680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/01461109.2020.1826876
G. L. Miller
Chipped-stone bladelets are common at Middle Woodland sites throughout Ohio and many other areas of the midcontinent, reflecting both broad patterns and local diversity characteristic of situations as explored in this special issue. In previous studies, bladelets were often viewed through dichotomous categories such as sacred and secular. In this article, I attempt to break down these artificial oppositions imposed by archaeologists and refocus the interpretation of these artifacts using notions of situations and assemblages. I argue that doing so provides new insights into the use of bladelets at sites throughout southern Ohio and beyond. The related concepts of citations and capacities help illustrate the connections between bladelets and other material elements of Middle Woodland institutions. Examination of bladelet use illustrates how situations lead to shared conditions of action while individuals engage in multiple outcomes during manifestations of Middle Woodland ceremonies.
{"title":"Bladelets and Middle Woodland Situations in Southern Ohio","authors":"G. L. Miller","doi":"10.1080/01461109.2020.1826876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01461109.2020.1826876","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Chipped-stone bladelets are common at Middle Woodland sites throughout Ohio and many other areas of the midcontinent, reflecting both broad patterns and local diversity characteristic of situations as explored in this special issue. In previous studies, bladelets were often viewed through dichotomous categories such as sacred and secular. In this article, I attempt to break down these artificial oppositions imposed by archaeologists and refocus the interpretation of these artifacts using notions of situations and assemblages. I argue that doing so provides new insights into the use of bladelets at sites throughout southern Ohio and beyond. The related concepts of citations and capacities help illustrate the connections between bladelets and other material elements of Middle Woodland institutions. Examination of bladelet use illustrates how situations lead to shared conditions of action while individuals engage in multiple outcomes during manifestations of Middle Woodland ceremonies.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01461109.2020.1826876","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46212843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/01461109.2020.1826881
Sarah E. Baires
ABSTRACT This discussion provides commentary on the articles included in this guest-edited issue of the Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology on Middle Woodland ceremonial situations in the North American midcontinent. Articles in this issue discuss and navigate how situation theory may be applied to the complex interactions of Middle Woodland societies by examining how diverse historical and social factors influence broader social interactions. These articles move beyond concepts like the interaction sphere perspective first coined in the 1960s (by Joseph Caldwell) to examine the ways Middle Woodland communities—in all their diversity—created and shared similar conditions of being while also maintaining a diversity of materially evident ceremonial practices. Situation theory allows the authors of these articles to examine how such diverse (both geographically and socially) societies became part of, and contributed to, a dynamic and multiscalar Middle Woodland “situation.” By focusing on assemblages, materialities, and processes of becoming, these articles provide novel perspectives on how persons (both human and nonhuman) converge to create particular situations and conditions of diverse relationships that result in shared sociocultural experiences.
{"title":"Some Comments on Situations in the Midcontinental Middle Woodland","authors":"Sarah E. Baires","doi":"10.1080/01461109.2020.1826881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01461109.2020.1826881","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This discussion provides commentary on the articles included in this guest-edited issue of the Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology on Middle Woodland ceremonial situations in the North American midcontinent. Articles in this issue discuss and navigate how situation theory may be applied to the complex interactions of Middle Woodland societies by examining how diverse historical and social factors influence broader social interactions. These articles move beyond concepts like the interaction sphere perspective first coined in the 1960s (by Joseph Caldwell) to examine the ways Middle Woodland communities—in all their diversity—created and shared similar conditions of being while also maintaining a diversity of materially evident ceremonial practices. Situation theory allows the authors of these articles to examine how such diverse (both geographically and socially) societies became part of, and contributed to, a dynamic and multiscalar Middle Woodland “situation.” By focusing on assemblages, materialities, and processes of becoming, these articles provide novel perspectives on how persons (both human and nonhuman) converge to create particular situations and conditions of diverse relationships that result in shared sociocultural experiences.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01461109.2020.1826881","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48946374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/01461109.2020.1826879
E. Henry, A. Mickelson, M. Mickelson
ABSTRACT The construction of earthen enclosures changed how the Middle Woodland landscape was monumentalized in central Kentucky. Archaeologists have long associated these monuments with important social changes, leading to modern interpretations of these mounds as material evidence for cooperative labor, large kin-based coalitions, and pan-regional ritual practices and cosmological beliefs. We conducted research at nine enclosures in central Kentucky that allowed us to examine the evidence for their potential correlation with astronomical phenomena and identify variability in how enclosures were constructed. In this article we present archaeoastronomical and geoarchaeological data from these nine sites to explore how local groups built and used geometric enclosures. Our data led us to consider the diverse ceremonial situations under which these monuments were constructed. We suggest that the variability present in, and the spread of, small enclosures reflects both the simultaneous reinterpretation and adoption of pan-regional institutions during local manifestations of a Middle Woodland situation.
{"title":"Documenting Ceremonial Situations and Institutional Change at Middle Woodland Geometric Enclosures in Central Kentucky","authors":"E. Henry, A. Mickelson, M. Mickelson","doi":"10.1080/01461109.2020.1826879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01461109.2020.1826879","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The construction of earthen enclosures changed how the Middle Woodland landscape was monumentalized in central Kentucky. Archaeologists have long associated these monuments with important social changes, leading to modern interpretations of these mounds as material evidence for cooperative labor, large kin-based coalitions, and pan-regional ritual practices and cosmological beliefs. We conducted research at nine enclosures in central Kentucky that allowed us to examine the evidence for their potential correlation with astronomical phenomena and identify variability in how enclosures were constructed. In this article we present archaeoastronomical and geoarchaeological data from these nine sites to explore how local groups built and used geometric enclosures. Our data led us to consider the diverse ceremonial situations under which these monuments were constructed. We suggest that the variability present in, and the spread of, small enclosures reflects both the simultaneous reinterpretation and adoption of pan-regional institutions during local manifestations of a Middle Woodland situation.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01461109.2020.1826879","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59094967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/01461109.2020.1826880
T. Everhart
ABSTRACT Scholars have offered various approaches to create a synthetic view of the Middle Woodland period that integrates geographically expansive and heterogenous material remains. Situation theory offers a synthetic analytical approach to the multiplicity of Middle Woodland ceremonialisms, allowing us to conceive of how people and communities across the midcontinent got caught up in shared conditions. Scioto situations—the Middle Woodland situations occurring within the central Scioto River valley of southern Ohio—have long been famous for their earthen monuments and ornate material symbols. This article analyzes Scioto situations through an examination of the monument assemblage of the Steel Group—an earthwork site with at least 13 earthen enclosures. In doing so, it offers an approach to monumentality that grounds interpretations of the aesthetic and physical nature of monuments within the complicated historical entanglements from which they emerged.
{"title":"Scioto Situations and the Steel Group Monument Assemblage","authors":"T. Everhart","doi":"10.1080/01461109.2020.1826880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01461109.2020.1826880","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Scholars have offered various approaches to create a synthetic view of the Middle Woodland period that integrates geographically expansive and heterogenous material remains. Situation theory offers a synthetic analytical approach to the multiplicity of Middle Woodland ceremonialisms, allowing us to conceive of how people and communities across the midcontinent got caught up in shared conditions. Scioto situations—the Middle Woodland situations occurring within the central Scioto River valley of southern Ohio—have long been famous for their earthen monuments and ornate material symbols. This article analyzes Scioto situations through an examination of the monument assemblage of the Steel Group—an earthwork site with at least 13 earthen enclosures. In doing so, it offers an approach to monumentality that grounds interpretations of the aesthetic and physical nature of monuments within the complicated historical entanglements from which they emerged.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01461109.2020.1826880","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44598139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/01461109.2020.1826877
Bretton T. Giles, Brian M. Rowe, Ryan M. Parish
ABSTRACT This article reports on our assessment of the events that resulted in Mound 2 at the Hopewell Earthworks, with a special focus on its two caches of blue-gray chert bifaces. Our analysis begins by examining the ritual practices associated with Mound 2, including the evidence for fire ceremonialism, extended burial regimes, and the ceremonial deposition of two biface caches. Initially, we focus on evidence of Scioto Hopewell fire ceremonialism on the lower floor under Mound 2, including the significance of the basin-shaped hearth found next to the lower cache of bifaces and several features that contained puddled-clay hearth fragments. We then examine the five burials found under Hopewell Mound 2, considering their grave goods and mortuary furniture. Next, we analyze the two biface caches and their resemblance to similar deposits. We also provide a preliminary assessment of the chert sources from which these bifaces were produced based on a reflectance spectroscopic analysis of 172 bifaces. Our subsequent discussion considers the historical intersection of these three aspects of Hopewell Mound 2 (i.e., fire ceremonialism, biface caches, and burials), including how Middle Woodland ceremonial situations gathered together and arranged increasingly complex assemblages in novel ways.
{"title":"An Event-Centered Perspective on Mound 2 at the Hopewell Earthworks","authors":"Bretton T. Giles, Brian M. Rowe, Ryan M. Parish","doi":"10.1080/01461109.2020.1826877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01461109.2020.1826877","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article reports on our assessment of the events that resulted in Mound 2 at the Hopewell Earthworks, with a special focus on its two caches of blue-gray chert bifaces. Our analysis begins by examining the ritual practices associated with Mound 2, including the evidence for fire ceremonialism, extended burial regimes, and the ceremonial deposition of two biface caches. Initially, we focus on evidence of Scioto Hopewell fire ceremonialism on the lower floor under Mound 2, including the significance of the basin-shaped hearth found next to the lower cache of bifaces and several features that contained puddled-clay hearth fragments. We then examine the five burials found under Hopewell Mound 2, considering their grave goods and mortuary furniture. Next, we analyze the two biface caches and their resemblance to similar deposits. We also provide a preliminary assessment of the chert sources from which these bifaces were produced based on a reflectance spectroscopic analysis of 172 bifaces. Our subsequent discussion considers the historical intersection of these three aspects of Hopewell Mound 2 (i.e., fire ceremonialism, biface caches, and burials), including how Middle Woodland ceremonial situations gathered together and arranged increasingly complex assemblages in novel ways.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01461109.2020.1826877","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43322717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/01461109.2020.1826878
E. Henry, G. Logan Miller
ABSTRACT Elaborate Middle Woodland (ca. cal 200 BC–cal AD 500) mounds and exotic artifacts traded over long distances provide evidence for institutions that helped coordinate the gathering of large communal groups on the ancient midcontinent. However, the material heterogeneity archaeologists have documented for these societies suggests diverse material, historical, and social forces motivated communal gatherings. In this article, we introduce Middle Woodland Ceremonial Situations in the North American Midcontinent, our guest-edited issue of the Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology. Contributions to this issue wrestle with the notion of “situations,” as developed by sociocultural anthropologists, to better understand the archaeological record of the Middle Woodland midcontinent. In doing so, the contributors propose new ways to frame the scalar and temporal diversity of Middle Woodland ceremonialism by focusing on the material evidence for situations where people, earth, and things converged in different ways and times to shape the ceremonial landscape of the midcontinent.
{"title":"Toward a Situational Approach to Understanding Middle Woodland Societies in the North American Midcontinent","authors":"E. Henry, G. Logan Miller","doi":"10.1080/01461109.2020.1826878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01461109.2020.1826878","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Elaborate Middle Woodland (ca. cal 200 BC–cal AD 500) mounds and exotic artifacts traded over long distances provide evidence for institutions that helped coordinate the gathering of large communal groups on the ancient midcontinent. However, the material heterogeneity archaeologists have documented for these societies suggests diverse material, historical, and social forces motivated communal gatherings. In this article, we introduce Middle Woodland Ceremonial Situations in the North American Midcontinent, our guest-edited issue of the Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology. Contributions to this issue wrestle with the notion of “situations,” as developed by sociocultural anthropologists, to better understand the archaeological record of the Middle Woodland midcontinent. In doing so, the contributors propose new ways to frame the scalar and temporal diversity of Middle Woodland ceremonialism by focusing on the material evidence for situations where people, earth, and things converged in different ways and times to shape the ceremonial landscape of the midcontinent.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01461109.2020.1826878","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47222222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.1080/01461109.2020.1787122
Marlin F. Hawley, Sissel Schroeder, C. Widga
ABSTRACT Fragments of a charred wooden bowl were recovered from Aztalan during excavations by the State Historical Society of Wisconsin (SHSW) in 1964. Recent advances in analytical methods facilitated a multidimensional study of these fragments. Radiocarbon-dated to cal AD 994–1154 and found in association with Late Woodland, Mississippian, and hybrid forms of ceramics, the bowl augments our understanding of perishable technologies in these cultural contexts. 3-D models of the fragments allow for a virtual reconstruction of a portion of the bowl, which was carved from a solid piece of ash. Strontium isotope analysis of the wood indicates that the bowl was manufactured from wood locally available to the people at Aztalan.
{"title":"A Partial Charred Wooden Bowl From Aztalan (47JE1), Wisconsin","authors":"Marlin F. Hawley, Sissel Schroeder, C. Widga","doi":"10.1080/01461109.2020.1787122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01461109.2020.1787122","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Fragments of a charred wooden bowl were recovered from Aztalan during excavations by the State Historical Society of Wisconsin (SHSW) in 1964. Recent advances in analytical methods facilitated a multidimensional study of these fragments. Radiocarbon-dated to cal AD 994–1154 and found in association with Late Woodland, Mississippian, and hybrid forms of ceramics, the bowl augments our understanding of perishable technologies in these cultural contexts. 3-D models of the fragments allow for a virtual reconstruction of a portion of the bowl, which was carved from a solid piece of ash. Strontium isotope analysis of the wood indicates that the bowl was manufactured from wood locally available to the people at Aztalan.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01461109.2020.1787122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42465711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An amateur 1969 excavation at the Middle Archaic period Janulis site in Ontario unearthed the skeletal remains of three individuals and a dog. One of these, an adult female with an extensive offering, displayed several changes in the bones of her right arm and shoulder caused by the repetitive and intensive practice of an overhand throwing motion. The association of eight projectile points with her skeleton indicates that the activity was projectile throwing, suggesting a strong emphasis on hunting, normally a masculine role. She also had a turtle-shell rattle, an instrument usually associated with men in that time period. In contrast, the presence of two deer styliform bones in the burial point to a feminine role. These anomalies raise the possibility that this individual had adopted a nonbinary gender status, but the paucity of reliable comparative data makes it difficult to precisely define that status.
{"title":"The Janulis Burial","authors":"Michael W. Spencea, James R. Keronb","doi":"10.2307/26989074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/26989074","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 An amateur 1969 excavation at the Middle Archaic period Janulis site in Ontario unearthed the skeletal remains of three individuals and a dog. One of these, an adult female with an extensive offering, displayed several changes in the bones of her right arm and shoulder caused by the repetitive and intensive practice of an overhand throwing motion. The association of eight projectile points with her skeleton indicates that the activity was projectile throwing, suggesting a strong emphasis on hunting, normally a masculine role. She also had a turtle-shell rattle, an instrument usually associated with men in that time period. In contrast, the presence of two deer styliform bones in the burial point to a feminine role. These anomalies raise the possibility that this individual had adopted a nonbinary gender status, but the paucity of reliable comparative data makes it difficult to precisely define that status.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41965042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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