Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.5406/23274271.47.3.01
Patrick D. Trader
In 2019, Gray & Pape, Inc., conducted data-recovery efforts at the Hodges site (12MG564), a predominately late precontact Oliver phase (AD 1200–1450) site found in the White River valley of Indiana. Investigations of the site have fostered new ideas regarding the emergence of the Oliver phase. Previous models have suggested that the emergence of the Oliver phase was largely due to the migration of Fort Ancient groups into the region. Other models suggested that the region served as a frontier. The concepts of frontier interaction zones and fluid boundaries are presented here as the reasons for the emergence of the Oliver phase from in situ Late Woodland populations.
{"title":"The Hodges Site (12MG564) and the Emergence of the Oliver Phase in the White River Valley, Indiana","authors":"Patrick D. Trader","doi":"10.5406/23274271.47.3.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23274271.47.3.01","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In 2019, Gray & Pape, Inc., conducted data-recovery efforts at the Hodges site (12MG564), a predominately late precontact Oliver phase (AD 1200–1450) site found in the White River valley of Indiana. Investigations of the site have fostered new ideas regarding the emergence of the Oliver phase. Previous models have suggested that the emergence of the Oliver phase was largely due to the migration of Fort Ancient groups into the region. Other models suggested that the region served as a frontier. The concepts of frontier interaction zones and fluid boundaries are presented here as the reasons for the emergence of the Oliver phase from in situ Late Woodland populations.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46227781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.5406/23274271.47.3.03
Anna Stroulia, Michael Strezewski, Ryan M. Parish, Melody K. Pope
Mississippian cultures left behind two types of large utilitarian bifaces: hoes and so-called woodworking tools. The former have attracted considerable scholarly attention, while the latter have not. We attempt to address this bias by focusing on a substantial number of woodworking tools from three sites in southwestern Indiana. All belong to Caborn-Welborn, a late Mississippian culture that developed at the Ohio-Wabash confluence after the decline of the Angel polity and the establishment of the “Vacant Quarter” across a large portion of the Mississippi and Ohio River valleys. In this article, we examine these specimens’ technomorphological characteristics and use-wear traces, as well as the sources of the cherts from which they were made. In addition, our study has two comparative components: First, we investigate similarities and differences between the Caborn-Welborn woodworking tools and those from both the Angel culture and other parts of the Mississippian world; second, we explore the woodworking tools in relation to hoes from both Caborn-Welborn and Angel phase sites.
{"title":"The Other Large Bifaces: Late Mississippian Woodworking Tools from Southwestern Indiana","authors":"Anna Stroulia, Michael Strezewski, Ryan M. Parish, Melody K. Pope","doi":"10.5406/23274271.47.3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23274271.47.3.03","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Mississippian cultures left behind two types of large utilitarian bifaces: hoes and so-called woodworking tools. The former have attracted considerable scholarly attention, while the latter have not. We attempt to address this bias by focusing on a substantial number of woodworking tools from three sites in southwestern Indiana. All belong to Caborn-Welborn, a late Mississippian culture that developed at the Ohio-Wabash confluence after the decline of the Angel polity and the establishment of the “Vacant Quarter” across a large portion of the Mississippi and Ohio River valleys. In this article, we examine these specimens’ technomorphological characteristics and use-wear traces, as well as the sources of the cherts from which they were made. In addition, our study has two comparative components: First, we investigate similarities and differences between the Caborn-Welborn woodworking tools and those from both the Angel culture and other parts of the Mississippian world; second, we explore the woodworking tools in relation to hoes from both Caborn-Welborn and Angel phase sites.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46154483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.5406/23274271.47.3.02
T. Emerson, K. Farnsworth
During the Hopewell era, no material was so widely spread or employed across the midcontinent as copper. Large deposits of copper artifacts in the Ohio Scioto Hopewell mounds, in what are usually deemed as status and ritual contexts, have colored subsequent interpretations of copper utilization during this period. Subsequent research documented copper's distribution across the midcontinent in Hopewell mortuary practices, while focusing on its significance as a distant import from the western Great Lakes. Until regional Illinois habitation copper-use studies were undertaken, in the 1980s and 1990s, mortuary copper dominated discussions of Havana Tradition Hopewell connections. However, examinations of avocational collections and metal-detecting surveys of 82 Havana habitation sites have yielded an array of copper tools and scrap revealing the presence of an extensive copper-working industry. It has become clear that regional Havana Tradition people were involved in the active production of utilitarian copper tools and ornaments, suggesting that the industry was based on local drift copper deposits. This harkens back to earlier regional patterns of copper tool production, while emphasizing the exotic character of the few copper mortuary inclusions—such as ear spools, headplates and breastplates, panpipes, and so forth—thus suggesting two very different systems of copper valuation.
{"title":"Recognizing Copper Tool Assemblages at Middle Woodland Havana Habitation Sites: Observations on Raw Material Sources, Assemblage Content, and Tool Fabrication","authors":"T. Emerson, K. Farnsworth","doi":"10.5406/23274271.47.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23274271.47.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 During the Hopewell era, no material was so widely spread or employed across the midcontinent as copper. Large deposits of copper artifacts in the Ohio Scioto Hopewell mounds, in what are usually deemed as status and ritual contexts, have colored subsequent interpretations of copper utilization during this period. Subsequent research documented copper's distribution across the midcontinent in Hopewell mortuary practices, while focusing on its significance as a distant import from the western Great Lakes. Until regional Illinois habitation copper-use studies were undertaken, in the 1980s and 1990s, mortuary copper dominated discussions of Havana Tradition Hopewell connections. However, examinations of avocational collections and metal-detecting surveys of 82 Havana habitation sites have yielded an array of copper tools and scrap revealing the presence of an extensive copper-working industry. It has become clear that regional Havana Tradition people were involved in the active production of utilitarian copper tools and ornaments, suggesting that the industry was based on local drift copper deposits. This harkens back to earlier regional patterns of copper tool production, while emphasizing the exotic character of the few copper mortuary inclusions—such as ear spools, headplates and breastplates, panpipes, and so forth—thus suggesting two very different systems of copper valuation.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48777276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.5406/23274271.47.2.01
R. Peterson
The use of the Cost Path tool in geospatial technologies has allowed for the creation of digital models that can predict past behaviors and movements. While often applied to terrestrial landscapes, these models have gained increasing popularity in modeling movement across maritime and composite landscapes. The methods used in this article, first laid out by Gustas and Supernant, allow for the creation of a model not reliant on known origin and destination points but rather utilize a matrix of points placed arbitrarily around the edge of the study area. This article applies the principles of maritime least cost path analysis to create a predictability model for travel in the upper Great Lakes during the Nipissing high paleolake level event. The result of this paper is a heat density map that can identify (1) high probability travel corridors and (2) coastal areas of high probability travel.
{"title":"Maritime Least Cost Path Analysis: Archaic Travel Routes in the Upper Great Lakes","authors":"R. Peterson","doi":"10.5406/23274271.47.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23274271.47.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The use of the Cost Path tool in geospatial technologies has allowed for the creation of digital models that can predict past behaviors and movements. While often applied to terrestrial landscapes, these models have gained increasing popularity in modeling movement across maritime and composite landscapes. The methods used in this article, first laid out by Gustas and Supernant, allow for the creation of a model not reliant on known origin and destination points but rather utilize a matrix of points placed arbitrarily around the edge of the study area. This article applies the principles of maritime least cost path analysis to create a predictability model for travel in the upper Great Lakes during the Nipissing high paleolake level event. The result of this paper is a heat density map that can identify (1) high probability travel corridors and (2) coastal areas of high probability travel.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42243079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.5406/23274271.47.2.04
S. Kooiman, L. Goldstein, W. Lovis, A. Arbogast
Here we summarize the current state of knowledge about the precontact archaeology of the Michigan State University (MSU) campus as revealed through work conducted by the MSU Campus Archaeology Program (CAP), the MSU Museum, and the Department of Anthropology. A multipronged approach places this collective work in programmatic, institutional, historical, geographic, and archaeological context. The history of CAP and its impact on campus operations and understandings of campus history demonstrate the strength of such programs. Unpacking the MSU Museum collections reveals additional insight into the deep Indigenous history of university lands. Results of the first systematic excavations of a precontact Archaic site on the MSU campus, the Beaumont West site (20IN205), are reported alongside accounts of systematic archaeological survey conducted over a span of 70 years, recent geomorphological work, and the cumulative collections of precontact material culture from the MSU campus housed at the MSU Museum. Collectively, this paints an engaging multifaceted story of an ever-changing natural and social landscape that highlights the value of understanding the role college campuses can play in providing information about the distant as well as the recent past.
{"title":"The Precontact Archaeology of the Michigan State University Campus and the Campus Archaeology Program (CAP)","authors":"S. Kooiman, L. Goldstein, W. Lovis, A. Arbogast","doi":"10.5406/23274271.47.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23274271.47.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Here we summarize the current state of knowledge about the precontact archaeology of the Michigan State University (MSU) campus as revealed through work conducted by the MSU Campus Archaeology Program (CAP), the MSU Museum, and the Department of Anthropology. A multipronged approach places this collective work in programmatic, institutional, historical, geographic, and archaeological context. The history of CAP and its impact on campus operations and understandings of campus history demonstrate the strength of such programs. Unpacking the MSU Museum collections reveals additional insight into the deep Indigenous history of university lands. Results of the first systematic excavations of a precontact Archaic site on the MSU campus, the Beaumont West site (20IN205), are reported alongside accounts of systematic archaeological survey conducted over a span of 70 years, recent geomorphological work, and the cumulative collections of precontact material culture from the MSU campus housed at the MSU Museum. Collectively, this paints an engaging multifaceted story of an ever-changing natural and social landscape that highlights the value of understanding the role college campuses can play in providing information about the distant as well as the recent past.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44357220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.5406/23274271.47.2.03
A. Comstock, R. Cook
This article explores changes in site location preferences that accompanied the shift to a maize-farming lifestyle in the Middle Ohio River valley. Criteria including distance between sites, distance to earthen mounds, distance to rivers, and soil types are documented for both Late Woodland and Fort Ancient sites in southwest Ohio. These data are incorporated into a multivariate model suggesting that, in addition to significant shifts in subsistence and settlement patterns, the sites of Fort Ancient maize agriculturalists are farther apart yet closer to earthen mounds than those of their Late Woodland predecessors. These findings may relate to issues that include settlement catchments, village fissioning, and integrative processes associated with social memory, all factors that are evident in many early farming communities. Additionally, this article builds on previous work demonstrating the utility (and limitations) of state archaeological site databases for addressing diachronic research questions.
{"title":"Modeling Diachronic Changes in Site Location Preferences Related to an Agricultural Transition: A Middle Ohio Valley Case Study","authors":"A. Comstock, R. Cook","doi":"10.5406/23274271.47.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23274271.47.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article explores changes in site location preferences that accompanied the shift to a maize-farming lifestyle in the Middle Ohio River valley. Criteria including distance between sites, distance to earthen mounds, distance to rivers, and soil types are documented for both Late Woodland and Fort Ancient sites in southwest Ohio. These data are incorporated into a multivariate model suggesting that, in addition to significant shifts in subsistence and settlement patterns, the sites of Fort Ancient maize agriculturalists are farther apart yet closer to earthen mounds than those of their Late Woodland predecessors. These findings may relate to issues that include settlement catchments, village fissioning, and integrative processes associated with social memory, all factors that are evident in many early farming communities. Additionally, this article builds on previous work demonstrating the utility (and limitations) of state archaeological site databases for addressing diachronic research questions.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48861643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.5406/23274271.47.2.02
G. Colvin, N. Landman
Among the thousands of artifacts recovered in 1891–1892 from Mound 25 of the Middle Woodland Hopewell Mound Group in Ross County, Ohio, is a Cretaceous scaphitid ammonite fossil. We have identified the ammonite as Hoploscaphites brevis, a well-known and well-studied index fossil used to subdivide the Upper Cretaceous deposits of the western interior of North America into biostratigraphic zones. The North American extent of this species is limited to parts of the Northern Great Plains, with the probable source of the Hopewell Mound Group specimen being the Sage Creek area in Pennington County, South Dakota. This probable source area for the fossil is consistent with that proposed by Charles Willoughby in the late 1800s. Both ethnological information and archaeological data, including from sites contemporaneous with Mound 25, indicate that ammonite fossils were highly prized among the people of the Northern Great Plains for curing the sick and bringing success in hunting, war, and other endeavors. Conversely, both ethnological information and archaeological data from Eastern Woodland cultures indicate ammonite fossils did not have the same allure among Eastern Woodland people. This and other information suggest that the Hopewell Mound Group ammonite fossil was indirectly procured through interaction with people living in the area where it originated.
{"title":"Ammonite Fossil from the Hopewell Mound Group: Source and Significance","authors":"G. Colvin, N. Landman","doi":"10.5406/23274271.47.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23274271.47.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Among the thousands of artifacts recovered in 1891–1892 from Mound 25 of the Middle Woodland Hopewell Mound Group in Ross County, Ohio, is a Cretaceous scaphitid ammonite fossil. We have identified the ammonite as Hoploscaphites brevis, a well-known and well-studied index fossil used to subdivide the Upper Cretaceous deposits of the western interior of North America into biostratigraphic zones. The North American extent of this species is limited to parts of the Northern Great Plains, with the probable source of the Hopewell Mound Group specimen being the Sage Creek area in Pennington County, South Dakota. This probable source area for the fossil is consistent with that proposed by Charles Willoughby in the late 1800s. Both ethnological information and archaeological data, including from sites contemporaneous with Mound 25, indicate that ammonite fossils were highly prized among the people of the Northern Great Plains for curing the sick and bringing success in hunting, war, and other endeavors. Conversely, both ethnological information and archaeological data from Eastern Woodland cultures indicate ammonite fossils did not have the same allure among Eastern Woodland people. This and other information suggest that the Hopewell Mound Group ammonite fossil was indirectly procured through interaction with people living in the area where it originated.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49432241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.5406/23274271.47.1.01
Emma L. Verstraete
Examination of newspaper ads and store records of available products combined with data generated from the archaeological record provide insight into how individuals and communities kept pace with national and global trends in medicine and advertising. Decades of archaeological investigation in Springfield, Illinois, by Fever River Research have yielded a rich data set that provides diverse insights into the community. The goal of this case study is to apply a commodity access model to the Springfield, Illinois, data to examine the accuracy of modern researchers’ ideas about the impact of market access on consumer choice. The combination of archaeological artifacts and archival data forms a compelling picture of a community that took advantage of unprecedented access to medicine and commodities during the rise of America's Gilded Age. In contrast to the original results of the commodity model, the results of this analysis indicate that the expansion of trade networks and interaction spheres may not have been the critical factor in consumer choice. Instead, social structures on a local level—between neighborhoods, competing stores, and the consumer—become more important in areas with diverse product access.
对报纸广告和现有产品的存储记录的检查，结合从考古记录中产生的数据，可以深入了解个人和社区如何跟上国家和全球医学和广告的趋势。在伊利诺斯州的斯普林菲尔德，由Fever River Research进行的数十年的考古调查已经产生了丰富的数据集，为社区提供了不同的见解。本案例研究的目的是将商品准入模型应用于伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德的数据，以检验现代研究人员关于市场准入对消费者选择影响的观点的准确性。考古文物和档案资料的结合形成了一幅令人信服的画面，展示了一个在美国镀金时代崛起期间利用前所未有的药品和商品获取机会的社区。与商品模型的原始结果相反，这一分析的结果表明，贸易网络和互动领域的扩大可能不是消费者选择的关键因素。相反，在拥有多样化产品渠道的地区，本地层面的社会结构——社区、相互竞争的商店和消费者——变得更加重要。
{"title":"“For Sale by All Druggists”: Patent Medicine and National Market Access in Springfield, Illinois","authors":"Emma L. Verstraete","doi":"10.5406/23274271.47.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23274271.47.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Examination of newspaper ads and store records of available products combined with data generated from the archaeological record provide insight into how individuals and communities kept pace with national and global trends in medicine and advertising. Decades of archaeological investigation in Springfield, Illinois, by Fever River Research have yielded a rich data set that provides diverse insights into the community. The goal of this case study is to apply a commodity access model to the Springfield, Illinois, data to examine the accuracy of modern researchers’ ideas about the impact of market access on consumer choice. The combination of archaeological artifacts and archival data forms a compelling picture of a community that took advantage of unprecedented access to medicine and commodities during the rise of America's Gilded Age. In contrast to the original results of the commodity model, the results of this analysis indicate that the expansion of trade networks and interaction spheres may not have been the critical factor in consumer choice. Instead, social structures on a local level—between neighborhoods, competing stores, and the consumer—become more important in areas with diverse product access.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47631487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.5406/23274271.47.1.04
Matthew T. Boulanger, Briggs Buchanan, G. L. Miller, B. Redmond, Bobby G. Christy, B. Macdonald, David Mielke, Ryun Mielke, Connie Mielke, Tate Maurer, Bruce Meyer, Monty Meyer, Brian Trego, A. Wilson, Pete Cartwright, Leo Ott, Michelle R. Bebber, D. Meltzer, M. Eren
The Mielke site (33SH26) is a multicomponent locality in western Ohio, in an upland portion of the state that forms a drainage divide between the Great Lakes and Ohio River watersheds. The site possesses a prominent Clovis component that we describe here and assessed via test excavations, geochemical sourcing, technological descriptions, geometric morphometrics, microwear, and GIS analysis. Five different raw materials, whose outcrops are located 150+ km from the site in several different directions, appear to be present. Although our inferences about the activities that occurred here in Clovis times are constrained by the presence of later components and the collecting history of the site, its location and artifacts are suggestive of what type of Clovis site Mielke may have been and how its Late Pleistocene inhabitants may have moved across North America's midcontinent.
{"title":"The Mielke Clovis Site (33SH26), Western Ohio, USA, Geochemical Sourcing, Technological Descriptions, Artifact Morphometrics, and Microwear","authors":"Matthew T. Boulanger, Briggs Buchanan, G. L. Miller, B. Redmond, Bobby G. Christy, B. Macdonald, David Mielke, Ryun Mielke, Connie Mielke, Tate Maurer, Bruce Meyer, Monty Meyer, Brian Trego, A. Wilson, Pete Cartwright, Leo Ott, Michelle R. Bebber, D. Meltzer, M. Eren","doi":"10.5406/23274271.47.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23274271.47.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Mielke site (33SH26) is a multicomponent locality in western Ohio, in an upland portion of the state that forms a drainage divide between the Great Lakes and Ohio River watersheds. The site possesses a prominent Clovis component that we describe here and assessed via test excavations, geochemical sourcing, technological descriptions, geometric morphometrics, microwear, and GIS analysis. Five different raw materials, whose outcrops are located 150+ km from the site in several different directions, appear to be present. Although our inferences about the activities that occurred here in Clovis times are constrained by the presence of later components and the collecting history of the site, its location and artifacts are suggestive of what type of Clovis site Mielke may have been and how its Late Pleistocene inhabitants may have moved across North America's midcontinent.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43631697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.5406/23274271.47.1.02
William F. Romain, E. Herrmann
The Angel Mounds site was a large, fortified Mississippian village located in southwestern Indiana. The site flourished from circa AD 1100 to AD 1450 and represents one of the largest recorded Mississippian settlements in the Ohio River valley. In this article, we use astronomic data, lidar imagery, ethnohistoric data, and computer planetarium simulations to identify solar, stellar, and lunar alignments at the site. Of special interest are new findings showing how mound axes are oriented to the Milky Way on the night of the summer solstice. In traditional Eastern Woodlands belief, the Milky Way was the path that souls of the dead traveled on their journey to the Land of the Dead. Supportive of the findings for Angel are similar Milky Way alignments at Moundville, Alabama, and Cahokia, Illinois.
{"title":"An Archaeoastronomic Assessment of Angel Mounds, Indiana, with Commentary on Moundville, Alabama, and Cahokia, Illinois","authors":"William F. Romain, E. Herrmann","doi":"10.5406/23274271.47.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/23274271.47.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Angel Mounds site was a large, fortified Mississippian village located in southwestern Indiana. The site flourished from circa AD 1100 to AD 1450 and represents one of the largest recorded Mississippian settlements in the Ohio River valley. In this article, we use astronomic data, lidar imagery, ethnohistoric data, and computer planetarium simulations to identify solar, stellar, and lunar alignments at the site. Of special interest are new findings showing how mound axes are oriented to the Milky Way on the night of the summer solstice. In traditional Eastern Woodlands belief, the Milky Way was the path that souls of the dead traveled on their journey to the Land of the Dead. Supportive of the findings for Angel are similar Milky Way alignments at Moundville, Alabama, and Cahokia, Illinois.","PeriodicalId":43225,"journal":{"name":"Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47443666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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