Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8102
Piotr Szanter
The common self-defense is an important tool for the implementation of tasks related to civil protection in the conditions of military threats, but also for various types of cataclysms. In the light of international law, it is an important element of civil defense, and its scope and character are regulated by internal legal regulations. The aim of the article is to draw attention to the scope and nature of legal regulations of the institutions of the common self-defense in Poland. The author analyzed the inclusion of the above issues in laws, governments ordinances and acts of local law.
{"title":"SCOPE AND CHARACTER OF LEGAL REGULATIONS OF THE COMMON SELF-DEFENSE IN POLAND","authors":"Piotr Szanter","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.8102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8102","url":null,"abstract":"The common self-defense is an important tool for the implementation of tasks related to civil protection in the conditions of military threats, but also for various types of cataclysms. In the light of international law, it is an important element of civil defense, and its scope and character are regulated by internal legal regulations. The aim of the article is to draw attention to the scope and nature of legal regulations of the institutions of the common self-defense in Poland. The author analyzed the inclusion of the above issues in laws, governments ordinances and acts of local law.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115250050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8598
Sławomir Kocoń
The purpose of the following article is to provide details regarding the foundation, expansion, ideology, strategy and mindset of the Islamic State. The article examines the current situation in Syria, a failed state, and Iraq. Furthermore, the complex geopolitical situation of the entire Middle East region, as well as, significant problems which ISIS poses worldwide have been discussed thoroughly. Finally, new areas of operation, possible threats, but also the whole new operational framework contemporary terrorist organizations or their affiliates may use, have been taken into consideration.
{"title":"“ISLAMIC STATE” AS A NEW FORM OF INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM","authors":"Sławomir Kocoń","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.8598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8598","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the following article is to provide details regarding the foundation, expansion, ideology, strategy and mindset of the Islamic State. The article examines the current situation in Syria, a failed state, and Iraq. Furthermore, the complex geopolitical situation of the entire Middle East region, as well as, significant problems which ISIS poses worldwide have been discussed thoroughly. Finally, new areas of operation, possible threats, but also the whole new operational framework contemporary terrorist organizations or their affiliates may use, have been taken into consideration.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122259214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8600
Magdalena Leszkiewicz
The ethnic conflict between the Serbs and the Albanians in Kosovo led to the outbreak of armed conflict accompanied by violence and acts of genocide. It forced international organizations to take decisive action to end the conflict, as well as start a process of building peace and stabilize the situation in the region. NATO, the UN, the OSCE and the EU played a major role in these activities. The author of the article has analyzed the role of these organizations in efforts to restore peace and stabilize the political situation in the region undertaken as part of Operation Allied Force, KFOR and the United Nations Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK).
{"title":"INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION’S ACTIVITY FOR SECURITY AND BUILDING PEACE IN KOSOVO","authors":"Magdalena Leszkiewicz","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.8600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8600","url":null,"abstract":"The ethnic conflict between the Serbs and the Albanians in Kosovo led to the outbreak of armed conflict accompanied by violence and acts of genocide. It forced international organizations to take decisive action to end the conflict, as well as start a process of building peace and stabilize the situation in the region. NATO, the UN, the OSCE and the EU played a major role in these activities. The author of the article has analyzed the role of these organizations in efforts to restore peace and stabilize the political situation in the region undertaken as part of Operation Allied Force, KFOR and the United Nations Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK).\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124233647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8603
Waldemar Sypiański
The perception of safety is a very individual feeling although it is the standard and the level of living that undoubtedly affect various fears and threats appearing in rich and poor societies. The aim of this article is to compare attitudes towards safety and its perception by people living aside, but in completely different social and economic conditions. Both South and North Koreas are historically very close to each other yet, totally different conditions of living on both sides of the Korean Peninsula make safety quite opposite notions. The residents of the Brasilian districts of poverty and crime, infamous favelas, live in a world where being a member of a gang ensures safety. For other inhabitants of Brasil and tourists, security means staying as far away as possible from favelados i.e., the residents of poor districts. For determined African refugees, Europe seems to be a safety heaven and even the risk of losing their lives on the long and most dangerous route to Europe is worth taking. However, for many Europeans their safety ends with the influx of immigrants.
{"title":"DIFFERENT FACES OF SECURITY PERCEPTIONS \u0000OF THE HUMAN SECURITY CONCEPT","authors":"Waldemar Sypiański","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.8603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8603","url":null,"abstract":"The perception of safety is a very individual feeling although it is the standard and the level of living that undoubtedly affect various fears and threats appearing in rich and poor societies. The aim of this article is to compare attitudes towards safety and its perception by people living aside, but in completely different social and economic conditions. Both South and North Koreas are historically very close to each other yet, totally different conditions of living on both sides of the Korean Peninsula make safety quite opposite notions. The residents of the Brasilian districts of poverty and crime, infamous favelas, live in a world where being a member of a gang ensures safety. For other inhabitants of Brasil and tourists, security means staying as far away as possible from favelados i.e., the residents of poor districts. For determined African refugees, Europe seems to be a safety heaven and even the risk of losing their lives on the long and most dangerous route to Europe is worth taking. However, for many Europeans their safety ends with the influx of immigrants.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123732442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8597
W. Kaminski
The article presents the directions and causes of changes in the command system and organization of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland. It presents issues related to the changes that took place in the Polish Armed Forces after 1989 resulting from changes in the international security environment and resulting from Polish accession to the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
{"title":"DIRECTIONS AND CAUSES OF CHANGES IN THE COMMAND SYSTEM AND ORGANIZATION OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND","authors":"W. Kaminski","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.8597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8597","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the directions and causes of changes in the command system and organization of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland. It presents issues related to the changes that took place in the Polish Armed Forces after 1989 resulting from changes in the international security environment and resulting from Polish accession to the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131818101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8601
Marek Łachut
This article presents the functions of institutions and organizations operating on water and nearby areas. The purpose of this work is to show their role in improvement of water safety. The article attempts to systemize and enrich knowledge about functions of national institutions and non-government organizations that support the water rescue system in Poland.
{"title":"ORGANISATIONS RESPONSIBLE FOR PUBLIC SAFETY AND ORDER ON WATER AND NEARBY AREAS","authors":"Marek Łachut","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.8601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8601","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the functions of institutions and organizations operating on water and nearby areas. The purpose of this work is to show their role in improvement of water safety. The article attempts to systemize and enrich knowledge about functions of national institutions and non-government organizations that support the water rescue system in Poland.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134058664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8605
A. Urbanek
In the article, its author attempted to systematize various concepts and approaches to the issue of security by representatives of political liberalism. Political liberalism now sets the main directions of thinking about security in Europe and the United States. Expanding the subjective scope of security, it undoubtedly contributed to the development of various security concepts in which not only the state but other entities become important actors in the international security environment. The article presents the main assumptions of a liberal vision of security, the approach to security by representatives of traditional liberalism and current trends.
{"title":"A LIBERAL VISION OF SECURITY – AN ATTEMPT TO SYSTEMATIZE CONCEPTIONS","authors":"A. Urbanek","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.8605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8605","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, its author attempted to systematize various concepts and approaches to the issue of security by representatives of political liberalism. Political liberalism now sets the main directions of thinking about security in Europe and the United States. Expanding the subjective scope of security, it undoubtedly contributed to the development of various security concepts in which not only the state but other entities become important actors in the international security environment. The article presents the main assumptions of a liberal vision of security, the approach to security by representatives of traditional liberalism and current trends.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121847857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8604
Piotr Świnder
The main goal of this article is to present the results of research on the information flow in the crisis management system in the Słupsk and Wejherowo districts. The article presents the structure of the crisis management system at the district level, as well as the results of the analysis of the functioning of communication systems and ICT support for crisis management in districts covered by the research.
{"title":"THE INFORMATION FLOW IN THE CRISIS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE WEJHEROWO AND SŁUPSK DISTRICS","authors":"Piotr Świnder","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.8604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8604","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of this article is to present the results of research on the information flow in the crisis management system in the Słupsk and Wejherowo districts. The article presents the structure of the crisis management system at the district level, as well as the results of the analysis of the functioning of communication systems and ICT support for crisis management in districts covered by the research.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117021040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8593
D. Długosz
The purpose of these article is to analyze the amendment of the Act on the National Court Register from 26.01.2018 in terms of the impact of the amended legislation on the security of business transactions (The Amendment Act is an element of the package of laws called the Business Constitution). The article presents crucial changes in the above-mentioned legislation and tends to answer the question what kind of impact those changes can have on the legal certainty and security of contracting. The analysis leads to the conclusion that the direction of changes corresponds with the latest trends and needs and should be assessed positively. In particular, this applies to changes aimed at facilitating access to information in the register and in foreign registers.
{"title":"The amendment of the Act on the National Court Register and the security of business transactions","authors":"D. Długosz","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.8593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8593","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of these article is to analyze the amendment of the Act on the National Court Register from 26.01.2018 in terms of the impact of the amended legislation on the security of business transactions (The Amendment Act is an element of the package of laws called the Business Constitution). The article presents crucial changes in the above-mentioned legislation and tends to answer the question what kind of impact those changes can have on the legal certainty and security of contracting. The analysis leads to the conclusion that the direction of changes corresponds with the latest trends and needs and should be assessed positively. In particular, this applies to changes aimed at facilitating access to information in the register and in foreign registers.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130684076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8594
Klaudia Grzebiela
The main purpose of this article is to present the role and position of partners in a limited partnership. The growing interest in choosing this organizational and legal form is due to its specificity. A limited partnership allows shaping the rights and obligations of the company’s partners, who are divided into two groups: general partners and limited partners. The reason for different legal nature of these entities who are relative to each other should be noticed. Furthermore their liability for the company’s liabilities is shaped differently, as well as the issue of running company’s affairs and its representation. Currently a common type of limited partnership called Limited Liability Limited Partnerships (LLLP), wherein Limited Liability Company as a legal person becomes the general partner. This legal solution is beneficial for its partners. In doctrine is considered as an atypical legal company.
{"title":"PARTNERS’ OF A LIMITED PARTNERSHIP LEGAL POSITION","authors":"Klaudia Grzebiela","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0012.8594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8594","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this article is to present the role and position of partners in a limited partnership. The growing interest in choosing this organizational and legal form is due to its specificity. A limited partnership allows shaping the rights and obligations of the company’s partners, who are divided into two groups: general partners and limited partners. The reason for different legal nature of these entities who are relative to each other should be noticed. Furthermore their liability for the company’s liabilities is shaped differently, as well as the issue of running company’s affairs and its representation. Currently a common type of limited partnership called Limited Liability Limited Partnerships (LLLP), wherein Limited Liability Company as a legal person becomes the general partner. This legal solution is beneficial for its partners. In doctrine is considered as an atypical legal company.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":432439,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka - Refleksje","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128521385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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