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Positive Deviance Traits and Social Entrepreneurship for Women Empowerment Amid COVID-19 2019冠状病毒病背景下,积极越轨行为特征和社会创业精神助力女性赋权
IF 1.6 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-08-18 DOI: 10.1177/22779752211030697
G. Kumari, E. Eguruze
Purpose: The threat of the COVID-19 pandemic persists despite concerted global efforts to contain it. So also is its impact on social entrepreneurs. One of the main questions being, what is the extent to which small businesses overcome the imminent economic recession amid the threat of COVID-19? Many small businesses have already closed operations due to the countrywide lockdown in India and the resultant cash flow constraints. The government has introduced loan guarantee schemes as a way of support, but it is not sufficient for operational expenses. This study examines the survival traits of positive deviance and social entrepreneurial roles that may be pertinent to women’s empowerment, concerning the challenges that have emerged from the pandemic. Methodology: Case study methodology was adopted, engaging Rosenblatt’s Transactional Theory to collect qualitative data, which are part of the narratives based on the experiences of a focus group within the social entrepreneurial venture, called Pipal Tree, while a descriptive approach was deployed to isolate and analyze the relevant survival traits, that is, leadership, multidimensional resourcefulness, altruism, innovation, norm-violation and labelling/stigmatization. Findings: The findings revealed that every trait—that is, leadership, multidimensional resourcefulness, altruism, innovation, norm-violation, and labelling/stigmatization—could potentially play an important role and contribute towards the sustainability of social entrepreneurs to empower women amidst the pandemic. The paper observed that ultimately this insight might be relevant to social entrepreneurs, managers and policymakers in developing effective survival strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Originality values: This is a conceptualization and empirically based study that engaged in primary data collection, analysis and interpretation supported with literature evidence. As well as insights on the literature and methodology development, its unique contributions also include conceptualizing the phenomenon and strategy development. Additionally, it promotes diversity and inclusivity, as well as highlighting inequality. Social implication/Practical values: This study can serve as a guide towards addressing social issues relating to global social entrepreneurship policy-making. As such, it would be a powerful tool for women empowerment, policymakers, not-for-profit organizations, civil society and social entrepreneurs in the post-COVID-19 global environment. Theoretical contributions: This study has added the literature to the existing theory relating to social deviance, social entrepreneurship and women empowerment, thereby advancing knowledge. Highlighting issues about how humanity responds to this strange new threat from the COVID-19 pandemic is critical to saving lives. The new knowledge gained will often equip social entrepreneurs to capture new ways of survival (innovative ways) in complex and new challenges to cope with post
目的:尽管全球共同努力遏制COVID-19大流行,但其威胁仍然存在。它对社会企业家的影响也是如此。其中一个主要问题是,在新冠疫情的威胁下,中小企业能在多大程度上克服迫在眉睫的经济衰退?由于印度全国范围的封锁以及由此导致的现金流限制,许多小企业已经关闭了业务。政府推出了贷款担保计划,作为一种支持方式,但这不足以支付运营费用。本研究考察了积极偏差行为的生存特征和可能与增强妇女权能有关的社会企业家角色,并探讨了这一流行病带来的挑战。研究方法:采用案例研究方法,利用Rosenblatt的交易理论收集定性数据,这些数据是基于社会创业企业(称为Pipal Tree)的焦点小组经验的叙述的一部分,同时采用描述性方法来分离和分析相关的生存特征,即领导力,多维智谋,利他主义,创新,违反规范和标签/污名化。调查结果:调查结果表明,每一种特质,即领导力、多维智谋、利他主义、创新、违反规范和标签/污名化,都可能发挥重要作用,并有助于社会企业家在大流行病中赋予妇女权力的可持续性。该论文指出,最终,这一见解可能与社会企业家、管理人员和政策制定者在COVID-19大流行期间制定有效的生存战略有关。原创性价值:这是一种概念化和基于经验的研究,从事原始数据收集,分析和解释,并有文献证据支持。除了对文献和方法论发展的见解外,其独特的贡献还包括对现象的概念化和策略制定。此外,它促进了多样性和包容性,并强调了不平等。社会意义/实用价值:本研究可作为解决与全球社会企业家决策有关的社会问题的指南。因此,在covid -19后的全球环境中,它将成为增强妇女权能、政策制定者、非营利组织、民间社会和社会企业家的有力工具。理论贡献:本研究为社会越轨行为、社会企业家精神和妇女赋权的现有理论增加了文献,从而促进了知识的发展。强调人类如何应对COVID-19大流行带来的这种奇怪的新威胁,对拯救生命至关重要。获得的新知识往往将使社会企业家能够在应对covid -19后复杂和新的挑战时获得新的生存方式(创新方式)。这些好处可能不仅对印度贾坎德邦有益,对全国乃至全球都有益。作者还对积极偏差的定义进行了补充。实际贡献:该研究有助于使社会企业家能够应对不确定的情况,这对生存最具挑战性或危机至关重要,不仅在创业方面,而且在关键决策、解决问题、多样性管理、性别平等、通过赋予妇女权力促进人权、商业环境和扩张、在化劣势为优势、确保公平竞争和包容性方面也是如此。赋予妇女权力可以成为政策制定和执行过程中的积极力量。在印度贾坎德邦地区大流行后的环境中,从妇女角度进行的这类思考是重要的、相关的和有价值的,并可在全球其他地方推广。
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引用次数: 11
Development of a Comprehensive Multi-Factor Method for Comparing Batting Performances in One-Day International Cricket 国际板球一日比赛击球成绩综合多因素比较方法的建立
IF 1.6 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-08-14 DOI: 10.1177/22779752211017260
Sahadeb Sarkar, Subhasis Mishra, Sanjeev Kumar
In cricket, one-day-international (ODI) batsmen have traditionally been compared on the dimensions of batting average (BA) and strike rate (SR). The conventional method of computing BA assumes that runs scored by a batsman follow an exponential or geometric distribution. This results in unreasonably equating batting inconsistency with batting mean. Our study shows that a Weibull distribution model gives a very sensible assessment of a batsman’s inconsistency, independent of his BA. It also provides a superior fit to batting scores of ODI batsmen. We also introduce a measure for ‘quality-runs’ scored by a batsman which takes into account the difficulty level of opposition. Additionally, longevity index and opposition diversity index are defined to make comparisons more holistic. A substantial amount of data engineering effort is made in segregating available data into home, away and neutral matches. The measures proposed in this paper are more comprehensive and granular than those found in the literature. Various combinations of these six criteria are used to rank a select group of great ODI batsmen by assigning objective weights derived from principal component analysis. Finally, multivariate statistical outlier detection procedure produces different lists of outstanding players corresponding to different combinations of criteria. Our proposed methodology may be gainfully used by a team management to select best batsmen in a given situation.
在板球运动中,传统上会对一天国际(ODI)击球手的打击率(BA)和命中率(SR)进行比较。传统的BA计算方法假设击球手的得分遵循指数或几何分布。这导致不合理地将击球不一致性等同于击球平均值。我们的研究表明,威布尔分布模型独立于击球手的BA,对击球手的不一致性做出了非常合理的评估。它也为ODI击球手的击球得分提供了极好的拟合。我们还引入了一种衡量击球手得分的“高质量跑动”的方法,该方法考虑了对手的难度。此外,还定义了寿命指数和反对派多样性指数,使比较更加全面。在将可用数据分为主场、客场和中立比赛方面,我们进行了大量的数据工程工作。本文提出的措施比文献中发现的措施更全面、更细致。这六个标准的各种组合用于通过分配主成分分析得出的客观权重来对一组优秀的ODI击球手进行排名。最后,多元统计异常值检测过程产生了不同的优秀球员名单,对应于不同的标准组合。我们提出的方法可能会被球队管理层用于在特定情况下选择最佳击球手。
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引用次数: 1
An Empirical Examination of Voluntary Development Activities of Employees 员工自愿发展活动的实证检验
IF 1.6 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1177/22779752211002925
Kanchan Deosthali, Richard D. Johnson
This study develops and empirically examines a model of voluntary employee self-development behaviours and presents a unique lens for the study of self-development behaviours that integrates the disparate social exchange and motivational models currently applied in the management and training motivation literature. Specifically, the current model utilizes the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as a guiding framework in the combination and expansion of these streams to create an integrated model. This model was validated using a survey of 203 employees. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to analyse the data. The results indicated support for nine out of eleven theorized relationships in the model, and the new model explained more variance in self-development behaviours (38%) than either lens: the social exchange (8.5%) or the motivational (19%). Thus, the results indicate there is important value in integrating the lenses. Implications for research and practice are also discussed.
本研究开发并实证检验了一个自愿员工自我发展行为模型,并为研究自我发展行为提供了一个独特的视角,该视角整合了目前应用于管理和培训动机文献中的不同社会交流和动机模型。具体而言,当前的模型利用计划行为理论(TPB)作为指导框架,对这些流进行组合和扩展,以创建一个集成模型。该模型通过对203名员工的调查进行了验证。使用结构方程建模(SEM)对数据进行分析。结果表明,该模型中11种理论关系中有9种得到了支持,新模型解释了自我发展行为的差异(38%),而不是社会交换(8.5%)或动机(19%)。因此,结果表明,对透镜进行积分具有重要价值。还讨论了对研究和实践的启示。
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引用次数: 3
Enriching the Construct of Workplace Spirituality with Insights from Indian Philosophy and its Empirical Validation in Indian Context 以印度哲学的洞见丰富职场灵性的建构及其在印度情境下的实证验证
IF 1.6 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.1177/22779752211016104
A. S. Pande, Neerja Pande
The purpose of this paper is to proffer an enrichment of the workplace spirituality (WS) construct using tenets of Indian philosophy, and to select and execute an instrument for empirical validation of the construct to assess its cross-regional universality. The literature review was undertaken and the most accepted construct and its accompanying instrument, both developed by Ashmos and Duchon, were identified. The chosen construct was then evaluated and critiqued by leveraging tenets of Samkhya, Yoga and Vedanta, the three most influential Indian philosophies. Subsequently, a survey was conducted on Indian managers working across various industries and regions in India. Factor analysis resulted in validation of cross-geographical universality of the WS construct. However, participants’ responses throw up factors with distinctively contrasting difference vis-à-vis the previous study. A plausible explanation built on the essence of Indian philosophy is attempted, and opportunities for future research are identified.
本文的目的是利用印度哲学的原则来丰富工作场所灵性(WS)结构,并选择和执行一种工具来对该结构进行实证验证,以评估其跨区域的普遍性。我们进行了文献回顾,并确定了Ashmos和Duchon开发的最被接受的结构及其配套工具。所选择的结构然后通过利用三种最有影响力的印度哲学,瑜伽和吠檀多的原则进行评估和批评。随后,对在印度不同行业和地区工作的印度经理进行了一项调查。因子分析结果验证了WS结构的跨地域普遍性。然而,与先前的研究相比,参与者的回答提出了明显不同的因素-à-vis。本文试图从印度哲学的本质出发,给出一个合理的解释,并确定了未来研究的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Management in the Performing Arts: An Empirical Exploration of Organizational Structures in Indian Theatre 表演艺术的管理:印度剧院组织结构的实证探索
IF 1.6 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.1177/22779752211018594
Kanika Khurana, A. Ghosh
It is well established that organizational structure is critical to the performance of organizations. For performing arts organizations, especially from developing countries such as India, mere survival is a struggle and sustainability becomes a vital goal before the achievement of mission. Our emergent conceptual framework, based on a grounded theory study of six theatre organizations, sheds light on aspects of organizational structure that have contributed to organizational sustainability. Theatre organizations in India are highly dependent on a small core group, often comprising founders or founding families, and rely on strong personal networks in the arts sector. They are supported by membership that is flexible and project-oriented, and organizational boundaries are relatively porous. An exploration of performing arts in the Indian context offers valuable points of comparison to the nature of organizational structures of arts organizations in the West, as evidenced by Western literature.
众所周知,组织结构对组织的绩效至关重要。对于表演艺术组织,尤其是来自印度等发展中国家的表演艺术组织来说,仅仅是生存就是一场斗争,可持续性成为实现使命之前的重要目标。我们的新兴概念框架基于对六个剧院组织的基础理论研究,揭示了组织结构对组织可持续性的贡献。印度的剧院组织高度依赖一个小型核心团体,通常由创始人或创始家族组成,并依赖艺术部门强大的个人网络。他们得到了灵活和面向项目的成员资格的支持,组织边界相对疏松。对印度背景下的表演艺术的探索,为西方艺术组织的组织结构性质提供了宝贵的比较点,西方文献证明了这一点。
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引用次数: 0
Social Media Conversations About High Engagement Sports Team Brands 关于高参与度运动队品牌的社交媒体对话
IF 1.6 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/22779752211017275
S. Chadwick, A. Fenton, Richard Dron, W. Ahmed
This study conducts an analysis of social media discussions related to high engagement sports brands. More specifically, our study examined the English Premier League (EPL); it sought to retrieve data systematically over the same day, weekly, for a period of five months. After this process, we had built 20 datasets and NodeXL was utilized to analyse the data. After we had this data, we were able to use qualitative observations to identify key users and conversations that formed around the EPL as well as the connections between the conversations that arose from the brand’s posts and the people involved in them. We also analyzed the quantitative data underpinning our network visualisations to provide further insights. The most obvious initial finding was that when the EPL tweets, it prompts a large volume of conversations directly related to these tweets. However, we also noted that EPL tweets also help instigate further, sometimes unrelated, tweets and conversations. More specifically, we identified that the visualized network of conversations was of a broadcast form, which is characterized by messages being generated by a central account (the EPL) and shared by a number of decentralized users. Based on our analysis, we propose guidance around (S)ocial media presence, (C)rafting the message, Planned (i)ntervention, (S)pontaneous follow-up, and (M)essage mortality to form the SCISM framework. This framework is likely to be of interest to brands that wish to promote, sustain and benefit from their instigation of social media.
本研究分析了与高参与度体育品牌相关的社交媒体讨论。更具体地说,我们的研究考察了英超联赛(EPL);它试图在五个月的时间里,每周在同一天系统地检索数据。在此过程之后,我们构建了20个数据集,并使用NodeXL对数据进行分析。在我们获得这些数据后,我们能够使用定性观察来识别关键用户和围绕EPL形成的对话,以及品牌帖子引发的对话与参与其中的人之间的联系。我们还分析了支撑我们网络可视化的定量数据,以提供进一步的见解。最明显的初步发现是,当EPL发推文时,它会引发大量与这些推文直接相关的对话。然而,我们也注意到,EPL推文也有助于煽动进一步的、有时是不相关的推文和对话。更具体地说,我们发现可视化的对话网络是一种广播形式,其特征是消息由中央账户(EPL)生成,并由许多分散的用户共享。基于我们的分析,我们提出了关于(S)社交媒体存在、(C)信息传递、计划的(i)干预、(S)即时随访和(M)信息死亡率的指导意见,以形成SCISM框架。这个框架可能会引起那些希望推广、维持社交媒体并从中受益的品牌的兴趣。
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引用次数: 3
Decision Intelligence: Creating a Fit between Intelligence Requirements and Intelligence Processing Capacities 决策智能:创造智能需求和智能处理能力之间的匹配
IF 1.6 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/22779752211017386
R. Moser, S. Rengarajan, G. Narayanamurthy
Dynamic business environments throw up many challenges for senior executives. To make strategic decisions in such environments, it is crucial for them to find the right fit between the intelligence required for decisions, and how their companies gather and process intelligence. This paper conceptualizes a ‘Decision Intelligence’ framework for achieving such a fit. The four major elements constituting the framework place the emphasis explicitly on senior executives adopting the right decision context, tailoring appropriate decision-making frameworks, innovating the access to diverse sources of intelligence and implementing the decisions proficiently. These elements are illustrated and elucidated by drawing on multiple firm experiences from automotive, agritech, pharma, banking and farming sectors. The paper concludes with a discussion on the major implications on intelligence processing capacity challenges of companies, and what this implies for management education and strategy research.
动态的商业环境给高级管理人员带来了许多挑战。要在这样的环境中做出战略决策,他们必须在决策所需的情报与公司如何收集和处理情报之间找到合适的契合点。本文概念化了一个“决策智能”框架来实现这种匹配。构成该框架的四个主要要素明确强调高级管理人员采用正确的决策环境,制定适当的决策框架,创新获取不同情报来源的途径,并熟练执行决策。这些要素是通过借鉴汽车、农业科技、制药、银行和农业部门的多家公司经验来说明和阐明的。本文最后讨论了对企业情报处理能力挑战的主要影响,以及这对管理教育和战略研究的意义。
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引用次数: 4
Does the Dark Side of Personality Traits Explain Compulsive Smartphone Use of Higher Education Students? The Interaction Effect of Dark Side of Personality with Desirability and Feasibility of Smartphone Use 人格特质的阴暗面是高等教育学生强迫性使用智能手机的原因吗?人格阴暗面与智能手机使用的可取性和可行性的交互作用
IF 1.6 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-06-27 DOI: 10.1177/22779752211000479
Kashif Farhat, W. Aslam, Imtiaz Arif, Z. Ahmed
Research on compulsive use of smartphones amongst students largely remains unexplored. The study seeks to investigate the feasibility and desirability motives—instant gratification, mood regulations, convenience, flow and personality—to understand the compulsive use of smartphones. The results of the useful data of 200 respondents following purposive sampling design, provided evidence of instant gratification, mood regulation and convenience motives, which significantly explain flow and compulsive smartphone use. Personality of users also appeared as a significant moderator between flow and compulsive smartphone use. The findings of the study reveal that the personality of smartphone users enhances the propensity to build compulsive smartphone use. Additionally, the findings reveal the double-edged sword impact of flow in forming compulsive smartphone use and allowing smartphone brands to design phones that help phone users to develop self-control over their behaviours related to using smartphones.
关于学生强迫性使用智能手机的研究在很大程度上仍未被探索。这项研究旨在调查可行性和可取性动机——即时满足、情绪调节、便利、心流和个性——以了解强迫性使用智能手机的原因。采用有目的的抽样设计,对200名受访者的有用数据进行分析,提供了即时满足、情绪调节和便利动机的证据,显著解释了心流和强迫性智能手机使用。用户的个性似乎也是心流和强迫性智能手机使用之间的重要调节因素。研究结果表明,智能手机用户的个性增强了他们强迫性使用智能手机的倾向。此外,研究结果还揭示了心流在形成强迫性智能手机使用方面的双刃剑效应,并允许智能手机品牌设计手机,帮助手机用户培养对使用智能手机相关行为的自我控制。
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引用次数: 7
Tweeting #RamNavami: A Comparison of Approaches to Analyzing Bipartite Networks 推文#RamNavami:分析双部网络的方法比较
IF 1.6 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-06-21 DOI: 10.1177/22779752211018010
M. T. Heaney
Bipartite networks, also known as two-mode networks or affiliation networks, are a class of networks in which actors or objects are partitioned into two sets, with interactions taking place across but not within sets. These networks are omnipresent in society, encompassing phenomena such as student-teacher interactions, coalition structures and international treaty participation. With growing data availability and proliferation in statistical estimators and software, scholars have increasingly sought to understand the methods available to model the data-generating processes in these networks. This article compares three methods for doing so: (a) Logit (b) the bipartite Exponential Random Graph Model (ERGM) and (c) the Relational Event Model (REM). This comparison demonstrates the relevance of choices with respect to dependence structures, temporality, parameter specification and data structure. Considering the example of Ram Navami, a Hindu festival celebrating the birth of Lord Ram, the ego network of tweets using #RamNavami on 21April 2021 is examined. The results of the analysis illustrate that critical modelling choices make a difference in the estimated parameters and the conclusions to be drawn from them.
二部分网络,也称为双模网络或隶属网络,是一类参与者或对象被划分为两个集合的网络,交互发生在集合之间,但不发生在集合内。这些网络在社会中无处不在,包括师生互动、联盟结构和国际条约参与等现象。随着数据可用性的增加和统计估计器和软件的激增,学者们越来越多地试图了解在这些网络中建模数据生成过程的可用方法。本文比较了三种方法:(a)Logit(b)二分指数随机图模型(ERGM)和(c)关系事件模型(REM)。这种比较证明了选择在依赖结构、时间性、参数规范和数据结构方面的相关性。以庆祝拉姆勋爵诞辰的印度教节日拉姆·纳瓦米为例,研究了2021年4月21日使用#RamNavami的推特自我网络。分析结果表明,关键的建模选择会对估计的参数和从中得出的结论产生影响。
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引用次数: 0
Branding of Government Services: Benefits and Challenges 政府服务品牌化:利益与挑战
IF 1.6 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.1177/22779752211017600
Aravind Reghunathan
Till recently, brand management was perceived as a function exclusive to commercial organizations. However, the experiences of several nations have shown that branding can be an effective tool for managing government services also. This paper discusses the benefits of the current practices of branding in governance. A coherent branding strategy assists the departments in the formulation and delivery of services by having clarity of purpose and consistency in communication. The citizen benefits in various ways from a streamlined execution of the strategy. The paper also identifies the challenges for brand management to grow in the governance sphere.
直到最近,品牌管理还被认为是商业组织的专属功能。然而,一些国家的经验表明,品牌也可以成为管理政府服务的有效工具。本文讨论了当前治理中品牌实践的好处。一个连贯的品牌策略,有助各部门制订和提供服务,目的清晰,沟通一致。公民从战略的精简执行中以各种方式受益。本文还指出了品牌管理在治理领域发展所面临的挑战。
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引用次数: 3
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