B. Navas, Mario Javier Donate Manzanares, Fátima Guadamillas Gómez
[EN] The objective of this research paper is to investigate, from a theoretical point of view, the strategic relevance of social capital. In recent years, academic literature in this field has witnessed remarkable growth, recognizing social capital as a key element for companies, due to its contribution to the creation of competitive advantages. However, it might be said that its development is still emerging, given the number of discrepancies among researchers regarding its definition, measurement, and its positive or negative impact on other variables. For this reason, a set of empirical studies that show the social capital effect on diverse types of organizational results have been reviewed, taking as a reference the definition and dimensions proposed by Nahapiet and Ghoshal (1998). Additionally, different theoretical links between social capital and four related Strategic Management approaches are presented, such as the Intellectual Capital-Based View, the Knowledge-Based View, the Resource-Based View and the Dynamic Resource-Based View. A main conclusion drawn from this review is that social capital, being a knowledge-based resource, enables access to both internal and external resources and thus a firm’s competitive advantage and, consequently, its value creation can be generated from the combination of both areas. Going in depth and clarifying this strategic linkage are thus a challenge to address in future studies.
{"title":"Social capital as a theoretical approach in Strategic Management","authors":"B. Navas, Mario Javier Donate Manzanares, Fátima Guadamillas Gómez","doi":"10.5295/CDG.160646BO","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5295/CDG.160646BO","url":null,"abstract":"[EN] The objective of this research paper is to investigate, from a theoretical point of view, the strategic relevance of social capital. In recent years, academic literature in this field has witnessed remarkable growth, recognizing social capital as a key element for companies, due to its contribution to the creation of competitive advantages. However, it might be said that its development is still emerging, given the number of discrepancies among researchers regarding its definition, measurement, and its positive or negative impact on other variables. For this reason, a set of empirical studies that show the social capital effect on diverse types of organizational results have been reviewed, taking as a reference the definition and dimensions proposed by Nahapiet and Ghoshal (1998). Additionally, different theoretical links between social capital and four related Strategic Management approaches are presented, such as the Intellectual Capital-Based View, the Knowledge-Based View, the Resource-Based View and the Dynamic Resource-Based View. A main conclusion drawn from this review is that social capital, being a knowledge-based resource, enables access to both internal and external resources and thus a firm’s competitive advantage and, consequently, its value creation can be generated from the combination of both areas. Going in depth and clarifying this strategic linkage are thus a challenge to address in future studies.","PeriodicalId":43351,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Gestion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45724459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
[EN] The effect of crowding on tourist satisfaction is a widely studied aspect. Its knowledge is valuable not only to guide ordering of tourism activity but also to ensure a satisfactory experience that contributes to its economic sustainability. However, studies of this type are scarce in the context of whale watching tourism. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate tourist satisfaction and crowding in the practice of humpback whale - watching in Puerto Lopez - Ecuador. At the methodological level, a survey was applied to 340 tourists who observed whales in the June-September 2017 season. Data analysis was based on descriptive record, the structuring of an importance-performance analysis matrix, principal components analysis and binary logistic regression model. Unlike others, this research incorporated the calculation of a perceived crowding threshold and the analysis of the relationship between perceived crowding of boats and people on board. Among main results, the study finds that crowding influences tourist satisfaction when four or more boats coincide at a sighting site. In that sense, the activity in Puerto Lopez is satisfactory in the face of a reported crowding scenario of 3.7 boats and 16.3 people per boat, on average. The limitations of this study are its exploratory nature because it is based on a non-probabilistic sampling and the questionnaire application exclusively in standard capacity boats, without considering those of 35 passengers.
{"title":"Evaluation of crowding and tourist satisfaction in the practice of humpback whale - watching, the case of Puerto López - Ecuador","authors":"P. T. Matovelle, G. M. Molina","doi":"10.5295/CDG.180895PT","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5295/CDG.180895PT","url":null,"abstract":"[EN] The effect of crowding on tourist satisfaction is a widely studied aspect. Its knowledge is valuable not only to guide ordering of tourism activity but also to ensure a satisfactory experience that contributes to its economic sustainability. However, studies of this type are scarce in the context of whale watching tourism. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate tourist satisfaction and crowding in the practice of humpback whale - watching in Puerto Lopez - Ecuador. At the methodological level, a survey was applied to 340 tourists who observed whales in the June-September 2017 season. Data analysis was based on descriptive record, the structuring of an importance-performance analysis matrix, principal components analysis and binary logistic regression model. Unlike others, this research incorporated the calculation of a perceived crowding threshold and the analysis of the relationship between perceived crowding of boats and people on board. Among main results, the study finds that crowding influences tourist satisfaction when four or more boats coincide at a sighting site. In that sense, the activity in Puerto Lopez is satisfactory in the face of a reported crowding scenario of 3.7 boats and 16.3 people per boat, on average. The limitations of this study are its exploratory nature because it is based on a non-probabilistic sampling and the questionnaire application exclusively in standard capacity boats, without considering those of 35 passengers.","PeriodicalId":43351,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Gestion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42706522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
[EN] The relationship between corporate strategies and firm performance has been one of the key debates in the discipline of Strategic Management. There are studies that analyse the moderating role that certain variables may play in that relationship. These variables tend to refer to aspects within the firm or, at the very least, within the competitive environment in which a firm operates. Nevertheless, the empirical evidence on the part the general environment plays from an economic perspective is much less common, and focuses on large corporations and on periods of economic growth. Accordingly, using a panel of 1,828 Spanish manufacturing firms of different sizes, an analysis is conducted of the differences in Return On Assets (ROA), Growth in Sales (GS) and Labor Productivity (LP) between specialised firms, those with related diversification, and those with unrelated diversification, between 2002 and 2011, in which there was a period of growth alternated with another one of economic recession. Although some superiority is noted of related diversification and specialisation over unrelated diversification, the differences between strategies are less significant in periods of economic recession, and vary according to the dimension of performance considered. These results reveal the need to consider the economic cycle as a contingent factor that affects the impact corporate strategies have on firm performance.
{"title":"Analysing the relationship between diversification strategy and firm performance: the role of the economic cycle","authors":"Esteban López Zapata","doi":"10.5295/CDG.170738EL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5295/CDG.170738EL","url":null,"abstract":"[EN] The relationship between corporate strategies and firm performance has been one of the key debates in the discipline of Strategic Management. There are studies that analyse the moderating role that certain variables may play in that relationship. These variables tend to refer to aspects within the firm or, at the very least, within the competitive environment in which a firm operates. Nevertheless, the empirical evidence on the part the general environment plays from an economic perspective is much less common, and focuses on large corporations and on periods of economic growth. Accordingly, using a panel of 1,828 Spanish manufacturing firms of different sizes, an analysis is conducted of the differences in Return On Assets (ROA), Growth in Sales (GS) and Labor Productivity (LP) between specialised firms, those with related diversification, and those with unrelated diversification, between 2002 and 2011, in which there was a period of growth alternated with another one of economic recession. Although some superiority is noted of related diversification and specialisation over unrelated diversification, the differences between strategies are less significant in periods of economic recession, and vary according to the dimension of performance considered. These results reveal the need to consider the economic cycle as a contingent factor that affects the impact corporate strategies have on firm performance.","PeriodicalId":43351,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Gestion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44139442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oscar Díaz Chica, Alejandro Tapia Frade, R. Vallejo
[ES] Este estudio revisa si la emergencia del fenomeno que representa la responsabilidad social en Espana, patente desde los inicios del siglo XXI, ha estado asociada a un prototipo de lider con rasgos caracteristicos. Con este objetivo se ha realizado una investigacion cuantitativa con una muestra de 189 lideres de organizaciones pequenas, medianas y grandes. Los datos han sido recogidos a traves de una entrevista estructurada, utilizando tres cuestionarios: ARS19 para conocer su actitud hacia la responsabilidad social, SPV para evaluar valores personales proximos a competencias genericas, rasgos de personalidad y caracteristicas comportamentales y LBA II para analizar su liderazgo. Los resultados del estudio indican que los lideres con una disposicion mas favorable hacia la responsabilidad social son mas jovenes, desarrollan su actividad en sectores en los que el impacto medioambiental es mayor (como el industrial) y estan vinculados a organizaciones grandes e implicadas en I+D+i. Ademas, estos cargos muestran afinidad por un estilo de liderazgo centrado en el apoyo, junto con una destacada eficacia en su rol de lideres, y se alejan de un estilo de conduccion mas orientado a la tarea. Tambien presentan una muy alta inclinacion por disponer de metas definidas en las que trabajar, una destacada preferencia por los retos y una mayor sintonia estrategica con valores postmaterialistas. Estos hallazgos sugieren la existencia de un prototipo de lider mas afin a la responsabilidad social.
{"title":"Existe un prototipo de líder socialmente responsable en España","authors":"Oscar Díaz Chica, Alejandro Tapia Frade, R. Vallejo","doi":"10.5295/CDG.170843OD","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5295/CDG.170843OD","url":null,"abstract":"[ES] Este estudio revisa si la emergencia del fenomeno que representa la responsabilidad social en Espana, patente desde los inicios del siglo XXI, ha estado asociada a un prototipo de lider con rasgos caracteristicos. Con este objetivo se ha realizado una investigacion cuantitativa con una muestra de 189 lideres de organizaciones pequenas, medianas y grandes. Los datos han sido recogidos a traves de una entrevista estructurada, utilizando tres cuestionarios: ARS19 para conocer su actitud hacia la responsabilidad social, SPV para evaluar valores personales proximos a competencias genericas, rasgos de personalidad y caracteristicas comportamentales y LBA II para analizar su liderazgo. Los resultados del estudio indican que los lideres con una disposicion mas favorable hacia la responsabilidad social son mas jovenes, desarrollan su actividad en sectores en los que el impacto medioambiental es mayor (como el industrial) y estan vinculados a organizaciones grandes e implicadas en I+D+i. Ademas, estos cargos muestran afinidad por un estilo de liderazgo centrado en el apoyo, junto con una destacada eficacia en su rol de lideres, y se alejan de un estilo de conduccion mas orientado a la tarea. Tambien presentan una muy alta inclinacion por disponer de metas definidas en las que trabajar, una destacada preferencia por los retos y una mayor sintonia estrategica con valores postmaterialistas. Estos hallazgos sugieren la existencia de un prototipo de lider mas afin a la responsabilidad social.","PeriodicalId":43351,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Gestion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71165693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Political ability and strategies of integrative and distributive negotiation as influential factors in entrepreneurial self-efficacy in Mexico","authors":"Jorge Armando López Lemus","doi":"10.5295/cdg.180943jl","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5295/cdg.180943jl","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43351,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Gestion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71166355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rosario del Río Sánchez, Vanessa RODRIGUEZ CORNEJO, Teresa García Valderrama, Jaime Sánchez Ortiz
{"title":"Design of the activities map with the ABC cost model for the university departments","authors":"Rosario del Río Sánchez, Vanessa RODRIGUEZ CORNEJO, Teresa García Valderrama, Jaime Sánchez Ortiz","doi":"10.5295/cdg.170824vr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5295/cdg.170824vr","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43351,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Gestion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71165648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clusters of exporting priority countries","authors":"Pilar Cos Sánchez, Blanca Escardíbul Ferrá","doi":"10.5295/cdg.170733pc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5295/cdg.170733pc","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43351,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Gestion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71165633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
espanolIn order to further knowledge regarding the factors that have most influence on the university image, a measurement model was established in this research from the perspective of society and validated using covariance structure analysis. In addition, to ascertain whether such factors and/or their degree of influence differ among stakeholders, an evaluation of measurement invariance was conducted to find out what implications there are for image formation when the perspectives of the different stakeholders are considered. Five samples of stakeholders were used (society, prospective students, current students, graduates, and companies), totaling 1760 respondents. The results showed that affective image, perception of teaching resources, and perception of graduate training significantly influence the formation of overall university image from the perspective of society and that the image structure identified from this perspective is shared by companies, although some differences are observed. However, the model needs adapting to consider the perspectives of prospective students, current students, and graduates. The results also suggested that affective issues have a major importance in image formation from the perspective of all the stakeholders considered and that it is in the cognitive aspects where differences between them become more patent. These findings constitute a valuable contribution for marketing literature as so few works have addressed the study of the university image adopting the standpoint of society or the comparison of different stakeholders. Further, they provide guidance to university managers when determining which aspects are recommendable to act upon for the projection of a favorable image to various audiences. EnglishCon el fin de avanzar en el conocimiento de los factores que influyen sobre la formacion de la imagen de las universidades, en esta investigacion se planteo un modelo de medicion desde la perspectiva de la sociedad que fue validado utilizando tecnicas de analisis de estructuras de covarianzas. Ademas, se realizo una valoracion de la invarianza en la medicion orientada a conocer las implicaciones que tiene sobre la formacion de la imagen la consideracion de perspectivas de diferentes colectivos. Se seleccionaron cinco muestras (sociedad, alumnos potenciales, alumnos actuales, titulados y empresas) que sumaron 1760 encuestados. Los resultados revelaron que la imagen afectiva y las percepciones sobre los recursos docentes y la capacitacion de los titulados influyen de manera significativa en la formacion de la imagen desde la perspectiva de la sociedad, y que la estructura de la imagen identificada desde dicha perspectiva es compartida por las empresas, aunque con ciertas diferencias. Sin embargo, el modelo demanda adaptaciones al considerar las perspectivas del alumnado potencial, actual y titulado. Las cuestiones afectivas se revelaron determinantes en la formacion de la imagen en los cinco colectivos, rad
{"title":"The university image: a model of overall image and stakeholder perspectives","authors":"A. L. R. D. Sabando, J. Forcada, P. Zorrilla","doi":"10.5295/CDG.160720AL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5295/CDG.160720AL","url":null,"abstract":"espanolIn order to further knowledge regarding the factors that have most influence on the university image, a measurement model was established in this research from the perspective of society and validated using covariance structure analysis. In addition, to ascertain whether such factors and/or their degree of influence differ among stakeholders, an evaluation of measurement invariance was conducted to find out what implications there are for image formation when the perspectives of the different stakeholders are considered. Five samples of stakeholders were used (society, prospective students, current students, graduates, and companies), totaling 1760 respondents. The results showed that affective image, perception of teaching resources, and perception of graduate training significantly influence the formation of overall university image from the perspective of society and that the image structure identified from this perspective is shared by companies, although some differences are observed. However, the model needs adapting to consider the perspectives of prospective students, current students, and graduates. The results also suggested that affective issues have a major importance in image formation from the perspective of all the stakeholders considered and that it is in the cognitive aspects where differences between them become more patent. These findings constitute a valuable contribution for marketing literature as so few works have addressed the study of the university image adopting the standpoint of society or the comparison of different stakeholders. Further, they provide guidance to university managers when determining which aspects are recommendable to act upon for the projection of a favorable image to various audiences. EnglishCon el fin de avanzar en el conocimiento de los factores que influyen sobre la formacion de la imagen de las universidades, en esta investigacion se planteo un modelo de medicion desde la perspectiva de la sociedad que fue validado utilizando tecnicas de analisis de estructuras de covarianzas. Ademas, se realizo una valoracion de la invarianza en la medicion orientada a conocer las implicaciones que tiene sobre la formacion de la imagen la consideracion de perspectivas de diferentes colectivos. Se seleccionaron cinco muestras (sociedad, alumnos potenciales, alumnos actuales, titulados y empresas) que sumaron 1760 encuestados. Los resultados revelaron que la imagen afectiva y las percepciones sobre los recursos docentes y la capacitacion de los titulados influyen de manera significativa en la formacion de la imagen desde la perspectiva de la sociedad, y que la estructura de la imagen identificada desde dicha perspectiva es compartida por las empresas, aunque con ciertas diferencias. Sin embargo, el modelo demanda adaptaciones al considerar las perspectivas del alumnado potencial, actual y titulado. Las cuestiones afectivas se revelaron determinantes en la formacion de la imagen en los cinco colectivos, rad","PeriodicalId":43351,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Gestion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44931290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corporate governance and entrepreneurial orientation of family SMEs: an analysis of the influence of family involvement at different levels","authors":"Unai Arzubiaga","doi":"10.5295/cdg.170757ua","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5295/cdg.170757ua","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43351,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Gestion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42131858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amaia Lafuente Ruiz de Sabando, J. Forcada, P. Zorrilla
{"title":"The marketing orientation as a university management philosophy: a framework to guide its application","authors":"Amaia Lafuente Ruiz de Sabando, J. Forcada, P. Zorrilla","doi":"10.5295/cdg.150576al","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5295/cdg.150576al","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43351,"journal":{"name":"Cuadernos de Gestion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71165554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：