Tobacco Use Insights最新文献

Background: Drastic life events, such as a cancer diagnosis, do not necessarily lead to a reduction in unhealthy and dysfunctional behaviors like smoking. Continued smoking among cancer survivors significantly increases the risk of recurrence and worsens treatment outcomes. While evidence-based smoking cessation treatments have demonstrated their effectiveness in acute cancer care, their impact among long-term cancer survivors remains limited, and overall quit rates remain low. To cessation outcome and improve long-term support strategies, it is essential to better understand the experiences, attitudes, and perceived barriers of both current and former smoking cancer survivors.

Materials and methods: This qualitative study included semi-structured interviews with six cancer survivors (50% female), aged 34 to 81 years, with different cancer types (breast, skin, lung, urinary bladder cancer, and GIST). At the time of the interview, three participants were still smoking, two had quit at the time of their diagnosis, and one had quit beforehand. All had completed cancer treatment at least four years prior without relapse. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using qualitative content analysis, applying an inductive approach to identify recurring themes and categorize the data using computer-assisted analysis software.

Results: Four main categories emerged from the interviews: (1) motivations for quitting, (2) perceived barriers, (3) facilitators of cessation, and (4) contextual influences.Key motives for continued smoking after a cancer diagnosis included managing nicotine cravings and stress, experiencing pleasure and boredom relief, and a perceived lack of negative health consequences. Some participants reported smoking to cope with treatment-related discomfort. A general lack of knowledge regarding the link between smoking and cancer contributed to low motivation to quit and limited risk awareness. Participants who had successfully quit cited improvements in health and well-being as primary reasons for cessation, alongside external factors such as financial savings and the aversion to cigarette odor. Medical advice and support from healthcare providers were mentioned frequently - both as motivating factors and, in cases where such support was absent or discouraging, as barriers.Barriers to quitting included a persistent smoking environment, negative emotions during cessation attempts, poor timing related to the cancer experience, and previous failed quit attempts.Conversely, facilitators of cessation included external regulations (eg, smoking bans, legal restrictions), a tobacco-free environment, strong internal motivation, individual coping strategies for withdrawal symptoms and craving, medical recommendations, and support from family or peers.

Discussion/conclusion: The results highlight the need for a better adaptation of smoking cessation inte

Objectives: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) use is common in South Asia and strongly associated with oral cancer. In Bangladesh, where SLT use is widespread, evidence remains limited. This study examined the association between SLT use and oral cancer among Bangladeshi adults and estimated the population-level burden.

Methods: This first hospital-based case-control study from Bangladesh examined the association between SLT use and oral cancer. Conducted in Dhaka between July and December 2015. A total of 169 newly diagnosed oral cancer cases and 338 frequency-matched controls were recruited. Structured interviews collected data on SLT use, smoking, alcohol, BMI, and socio-demographic variables. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated based on national SLT prevalence.

Results: SLT use was strongly associated with oral cancer (adjusted OR: 8.78; 95% CI: 5.14-15.00). Risk was higher in women (OR: 14.33, 95% CI: 6.33-32.42) than in men (OR: 5.29, 95% CI: 2.62-10.67). Male dual users of SLT and smoked tobacco had the greatest risk (OR: 17.23, 95% CI: 5.70-52.01). Analysis by SLT type indicated significant independent associations with oral cancer for both Betel Quid (BQ) usage with tobacco (OR: 8.93, 95% CI: 5.23-15.27) and without tobacco (OR: 4.43, 95% CI: 1.94-10.10). A dose-response relationship was observed, particularly in women. SLT use accounted for an estimated 41% of male and 76% of female oral cancer cases in Bangladesh.

Conclusion: SLT is a major, modifiable risk factor for oral cancer in Bangladesh, particularly among women and dual tobacco users. These findings support the need for stronger regulation, gender-sensitive education, and targeted SLT control strategies. Local evidence such as this is vital to shaping national and international oral cancer prevention policies.

Cigar initiation among youth is a public health hazard. The current study examines the relationship between perceived tobacco accessibility and cigar initiation, with a focus on exploring racial differences in this association. We studied a longitudinal cohort of 5399 youth aged 12-17 who had never used cigars (cigar-naïve) and were surveyed as part of the nationally representative Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. Using multivariable regression and marginal effects, we modeled cigar initiation within 1-year after the measurement of the perceived tobacco accessibility (very easy/somewhat easy vs somewhat difficult/very difficult). We then explored the interaction between accessibility and race and ethnicity. We additionally used multivariable logistic regression to model changes in perceived accessibility. Approximately 4% of youth started smoking cigars by 1 year later. In our final adjusted model, perceiving tobacco accessibility as very easy/somewhat easy increased the estimated risk of initiating cigars by 59% (OR = 1.59; 95% CI: [1.18, 2.16]). The probability of cigar initiation also increased with each higher level of perceived accessibility. Compared to Non-Hispanic White youth who perceived tobacco to be inaccessible, Hispanic youth who perceived tobacco as accessible were 2 times (OR = 2.01; 95% CI: [1.09, 3.71]) more likely to initiate cigar use by 1 year later. Youth who believe they have easy access to tobacco are at an increased risk of starting to smoke cigars with the risk possibly higher among Hispanic groups. Multi-level approaches focused on reducing tobacco accessibility are needed to successfully reduce cigar initiation among all youth.

Background: Jordan has one of the highest rates of tobacco smokers worldwide. This study aims to assess the prevalence and the determinants of tobacco smoking among university students in Jordan, including sociodemographic and cultural factors as well as knowledge and attitudes towards smoking.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a randomly selected sample of 763 university students from two public universities in Jordan (The Hashemite University and the University of Jordan) in 2024. The participants filled in a self-administered, structured paper questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive and multivariate analysis by SPSS version 30. Statistical significance was set at P < .05 to assess the relationships between smoking behavior, sociodemographic factors, and various other variables.

Results: Of the 763 university students who participated in this study, 561 participants (73.5%) were identified as smokers. Gender, age, and nationality were all significantly associated with smoking. However, GPA was inversely correlated with smoking, as the lowest smoking rate was among participants with a GPA between 3.5 and 4. Stress and the number of close friends who smoke were both identified as significant factors associated with smoking. Even though most participants agreed that smoking is a serious health hazard, this was not significantly associated with the intention to stop smoking.

Conclusion: Our study revealed the widespread of smoking among Jordanian university students. We were able to identify multiple significant associations across sociodemographic, knowledge, and attitude factors. Targeted interventions in universities should prioritize smoking cessation programs, awareness campaigns, and academic stress management with a particular focus on addressing peer-driven smoking behaviors.

Objective: This preliminary study aimed to examine the smoking rate among Puerto Rican cancer survivors and identify correlations with demographic, clinical, and psychological factors.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis using baseline data from 384 cancer survivors in Puerto Rico, collected between January 2018 and March 2023. Participants were recruited through community support groups and hospital settings. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, cancer type, treatments, psychological distress (assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 for depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 for anxiety), and smoking behaviors were analyzed. Significant associations with smoking were then tested in a logistic regression model, adjusted for all significant correlations.

Results: 7.5% of the sample reported smoking in the past 6 months, with a median consumption of six cigarettes per day. Depression was the only significant factor correlated with smoking, with participants who smoked reporting higher levels of depression. Other variables, such as age, gender, cancer type, and treatments, showed no significant correlation with smoking behavior. In the logistic regression model, elevated depressive symptoms were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of smoking, with individuals reporting such symptoms being 3.03 times more likely to smoke (95% CI [1.39, 6.63], P = .005). Other variables, such as age, gender, cancer type, and treatments, showed no significant correlation with smoking behavior.

Conclusion: Depressive symptoms are associated with smoking among Puerto Rican cancer survivors. This finding highlights the critical need for integrated mental health screening and support within smoking cessation programs tailored for this population.

Objective: Modified risk tobacco products are emerging that potentially reduce risk or exposure to harmful chemicals compared to cigarettes. Strategies to communicate the risk of using these products can include using quantitative information. Numeracy, the ability to understand and work with numbers, can impact the how people consume and act upon this information. There is a paucity of information on how numeracy affects perceived risks of and tobacco product use.

Methods: In 2023, participants 18 or older (N = 1072), were recruited from a commercial survey panel and completed an online questionnaire that assessed numeracy-related variables, tobacco use, and experiential, affective, and deliberative aspects of perceived cancer risk. Mediation and logistic regression models were conducted to examine the interrelationships between numeracy, risk perception, and tobacco use.

Results: The relation between numeracy and tobacco use was mediated by experiential, affective, and deliberative aspects of cancer risk (eg, increasing preference in numbers when being told the chance of something happening was associated with lower deliberative and higher affective/experiential risk perceptions, which translated into lower (for deliberative) and higher (for experiential) likelihood of no past 30-day cigarette use (ab = 0.014, P = 0.005)). The association between numeracy and risk perception differed by tobacco use status.

Conclusion: Results suggest that numeracy-related variables, and specifically individuals' preferences in how they obtain risk information, are associated with risk perception which in turn is associated with tobacco use. These findings provide evidence to inform the development of educational programs designed to incorporate different numeracy levels that target specific constructs of risk perceptions associated with tobacco use.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with consumption of smokeless tobacco (SLT) at Nikki, northern Benin.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional interview study carried out from November 2023 to September 2024 among adults aged≥18 years, after a process of two-stage random sampling.

Results: Overall, 688 participants were interviewed. Their mean age was 32.2 ± 13.3 years with a male-female ratio of 4.5:1. The prevalence of current SLT use (defined as currently consumption or consumption in the last 12 months) was 26.9% (95% CI = 23.7-30.3) while that of daily use was 15.1% (95% CI = 12.6-18.0). Factors associated with SLT consumption were age ≥30 years (aPR = 3.7; P < 0.001), male gender (aPR = 10.8; P < 0.001), not attending school (aPR = 4.1; P = 0.035), alcohol consumption (aPR = 4.0; P < 0.001), lack of awareness of the harm caused by SLT (aPR = 2.2; P < 0.001), a impression of SLT being less harmful compared with smoking tobacco (aPR = 5.2; P < 0.001), peer pressure and influence (aPR = 2.9; P = 0.001) and exposure to marketing (aPR = 3.5; P < 0.001). The possible association of SLT with harmful health risks was known by 399 (58%) participants.

Conclusion: The prevalence of SLT use was high among adults in Nikki, northern Benin. Raising awareness and regulating the sale of SLT products would help to mitigate this scourge; and further qualitative research are needed to determine the socio-cultural determinants of SLT consumption.

Introduction: Loneliness, a feeling of inadequate social relationships, is associated with behavioural health issues. This study examines the co-occurrence of loneliness and nicotine use (e-cigarettes, cigarettes and waterpipe (WP)) among adolescents aged 9-17 years in Germany.

Methods: Data were derived from the eighth wave of the "Präventionsradar", an annual school-based survey in Germany. The sample included 23 009 adolescents aged 9-17 years, from 107 schools and 1449 classes, who completed online questionnaires between November 2023 and February 2024. Prevalence rates and multilevel logistic regression models were used to assess associations between loneliness, measured using the three-item UCLA Loneliness Scale, and current nicotine use, adjusting for covariates (age, gender, social status, sensation seeking, school type).

Results: Loneliness was reported by 31.5% of adolescents. It was associated with current cigarette use (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.43-2.02), e-cigarette use (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.38-1.83), WP use (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.25-2.13), and any nicotine product use (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.39-1.80). Early adolescents (11- to 14-year-olds) experiencing loneliness showed a higher risk of WP use (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.16-3.13) and nicotine use (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.07-1.80) compared to middle adolescents (15- to 17-year-olds).

Conclusions: Loneliness is prevalent and significantly linked to nicotine use among German adolescents, highlighting the need to address social factors in nicotine prevention efforts. The cross-sectional design limits causal inference.

Background: The rise in vaping use across high-income countries is driven partly by marketing, advertising, and flavors promoted by e-cigarette producer firms. The current study aim is to examine the potential variation in the relative research volume on vaping products between countries with highest level of tobacco banning internet advertising and those with no ban on tobacco internet advertising. Method: We used weekly relative search volume (RSV) data produced by Google Trends (GT). A total of eight countries included in the study, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, United States, Ireland, New Zealand, Canada, United Kingdom, and Australia. The countries were regrouped into ban in internet advertising countries, and the no bans in internet advertising countries. Results: The trend test indicates a statistically significant upward trend in GT vaping search volume across all the included countries. However, the percentage increase of search volume for the ads no ban group was higher than ban group. There is a statistically significant difference in median between the two group, (P < 0.0007), (median, 6.25 [IQR, 0.103] for the ban in internet advertising countries vs (median 7.5 Interquartile Ranges (IQR), [0.542] for the no bans on internet advertising countries. Conclusion: Countries with stringent bans on online tobacco advertising have shown lower levels of vaping-related search interest, indicating the potential effectiveness of such regulations. Our research underscores the importance of emphasizing comprehensive bans on tobacco advertising and sales online could help mitigate the upward trend in vaping interest.