Pub Date : 2019-03-28DOI: 10.1080/01576895.2019.1570470
Jarrett M. Drake
ABSTRACT Australian and US-based archivists have recently begun to confront their complicity in a documentary landscape that excludes and erases the voices and views of minority, oppressed and poor communities. Archival professional organisations in both countries attempt to confront this issue by focusing on the homogeneity of the profession, specifically through using the discourse of diversity. Thus, this keynote address, delivered at the 2017 conference of the Australian Society of Archivists in Melbourne, explores the following question: how, if at all, does diversity form part of the solution for dismantling the white supremacy of archives? It begins this inquiry by recounting the author’s participation and experience with diversity projects of the Society of American Archivists, before speculating how archivists might transition away from the language of diversity and towards the language of liberation through the concept of an archive of the oppressed. The central argument of the address is that dismantling white supremacy in archives requires archivists abandon the neoliberal discourse of diversity and adopt an archive of the oppressed, or a cooperative approach in which oppressed peoples are positioned as subjects in our own liberation.
澳大利亚和美国的档案保管员最近开始面对他们在纪录片景观中的共谋，排斥和消除少数民族，被压迫和贫困社区的声音和观点。两国的档案专业组织都试图通过关注专业的同质性来解决这个问题，特别是通过使用多样性的话语。因此，在墨尔本举行的2017年澳大利亚档案工作者协会(Australian Society of Archivists)会议上发表的这篇主题演讲探讨了以下问题:如果有的话，多样性如何成为拆除档案白人至上主义的解决方案的一部分?它通过叙述作者参与美国档案工作者协会多样性项目的经历来开始这个调查，然后推测档案工作者如何通过被压迫者档案的概念从多样性的语言过渡到解放的语言。演讲的中心论点是，要拆除档案中的白人至上主义，需要档案工作者放弃新自由主义关于多样性的话语，采用被压迫的档案，或者采用一种合作的方式，在这种方式中，被压迫的人民被定位为我们自己解放的主体。
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Pub Date : 2019-02-10DOI: 10.1080/01576895.2019.1568266
Millicent Weber, R. Buchanan
ABSTRACT What happens when a human coder meets a machine one? This article explores this question with reference to the archive of Professor Germaine Greer: Australian-born feminist, performer, scholar, and professional controversialist. It does so by staging two very different data encounters with the 70,000-word finding aid for the print journalism series, a key component of Greer’s archive. The first encounter is archivist’s creation of the finding aid; the second, archivist and literary scholar’s interpretation of this archival metadata using sentiment analysis. Interrogating these activities side-by-side opens up a productive middle ground between humanities scholars and computer technicians, between historians and archivists, between the hand made and the machine made. This article argues that sentiment analysis offers a new and highly productive method of interrogating archival metadata, and that, as a method which privileges emotive understandings of content, it is particularly appropriate to the study of feminist archives like Greer’s. It also argues that these kinds of detailed finding aids are new datasets that reward analysis in their own right, and particularly when considered in dialogue with—rather than simply used as straightforward navigational tools for—the ‘original’ archival content.
{"title":"Metadata as a machine for feeling in Germaine Greer’s archive","authors":"Millicent Weber, R. Buchanan","doi":"10.1080/01576895.2019.1568266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01576895.2019.1568266","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT What happens when a human coder meets a machine one? This article explores this question with reference to the archive of Professor Germaine Greer: Australian-born feminist, performer, scholar, and professional controversialist. It does so by staging two very different data encounters with the 70,000-word finding aid for the print journalism series, a key component of Greer’s archive. The first encounter is archivist’s creation of the finding aid; the second, archivist and literary scholar’s interpretation of this archival metadata using sentiment analysis. Interrogating these activities side-by-side opens up a productive middle ground between humanities scholars and computer technicians, between historians and archivists, between the hand made and the machine made. This article argues that sentiment analysis offers a new and highly productive method of interrogating archival metadata, and that, as a method which privileges emotive understandings of content, it is particularly appropriate to the study of feminist archives like Greer’s. It also argues that these kinds of detailed finding aids are new datasets that reward analysis in their own right, and particularly when considered in dialogue with—rather than simply used as straightforward navigational tools for—the ‘original’ archival content.","PeriodicalId":43371,"journal":{"name":"Archives and Manuscripts","volume":"47 1","pages":"230 - 241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01576895.2019.1568266","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47310482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/01576895.2019.1570282
C. Bow
ABSTRACT A socio-technical approach is taken to explore a digital archive of Australian Indigenous cultural heritage. The Living Archive of Aboriginal Languages is considered in terms of what it is currently doing and what it was intended to do. Two ethnographic stories focusing on user interactions and the outcomes of an online survey serve to evaluate the effectiveness of the Archive from the perspective of different users. This is then juxtaposed with a consideration of the original grant application, outlining what was envisaged for the project. This analysis serves to highlight some of the contingent relations and diverse socio-technical aspects of a specific knowledge infrastructure, as it allows multiple forms of interaction, new connections and generative activities as people discover, access and interact with the content now and into the future.
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Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/01576895.2018.1547652
Dora Dallwitz, J. Dallwitz, S. Lowish
ABSTRACT Ara Irititja is an enduring and multifaceted project that returns and collectively documents Anangu historical material and preserves it for the future. This paper explains why the archival project has been so effective in engaging Indigenous communities and what it is doing to ensure its longevity. In particular, the paper provides details about a new pilot project which has resulted in a software application entitled Ara Winki No. 1, ‘a whole lot of stories’, specifically for use on portable electronic devices, which delivers historical and cultural content of relevance to Anangu in local languages and works to connect the existing archive to younger generations.
{"title":"Ara Irititja and Ara Winki in the APY Lands: connecting archives to communities through mobile apps on portable devices","authors":"Dora Dallwitz, J. Dallwitz, S. Lowish","doi":"10.1080/01576895.2018.1547652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01576895.2018.1547652","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Ara Irititja is an enduring and multifaceted project that returns and collectively documents Anangu historical material and preserves it for the future. This paper explains why the archival project has been so effective in engaging Indigenous communities and what it is doing to ensure its longevity. In particular, the paper provides details about a new pilot project which has resulted in a software application entitled Ara Winki No. 1, ‘a whole lot of stories’, specifically for use on portable electronic devices, which delivers historical and cultural content of relevance to Anangu in local languages and works to connect the existing archive to younger generations.","PeriodicalId":43371,"journal":{"name":"Archives and Manuscripts","volume":"47 1","pages":"35 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01576895.2018.1547652","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43870527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/01576895.2019.1570283
D. Sweeney
ABSTRACT The Australian National Maritime Museum (ANMM) in their Darling Harbour warehouse store just over one thousand Ilma. The Ilma are performance symbols of Bardi law and custom, which tell stories of the lands and seas of the Dampier Peninsula, King Sound and surrounding islands of Western Australia. Ilma performances are public and meant for all to see. The ANMM in 2007 resourced detailed documentation of the collection. In 2018 the collection still does not appear on the online catalogue and remains unavailable for public view. While recent efforts have been put into the collection there are important questions to be raised about the responsibility of museums to collections that have contested meanings and serve multiple purposes.
{"title":"What is the Australian National Maritime Museum Ilma collection?","authors":"D. Sweeney","doi":"10.1080/01576895.2019.1570283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01576895.2019.1570283","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Australian National Maritime Museum (ANMM) in their Darling Harbour warehouse store just over one thousand Ilma. The Ilma are performance symbols of Bardi law and custom, which tell stories of the lands and seas of the Dampier Peninsula, King Sound and surrounding islands of Western Australia. Ilma performances are public and meant for all to see. The ANMM in 2007 resourced detailed documentation of the collection. In 2018 the collection still does not appear on the online catalogue and remains unavailable for public view. While recent efforts have been put into the collection there are important questions to be raised about the responsibility of museums to collections that have contested meanings and serve multiple purposes.","PeriodicalId":43371,"journal":{"name":"Archives and Manuscripts","volume":"47 1","pages":"153 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01576895.2019.1570283","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48560218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/01576895.2018.1552161
S. Huebner, Stella Marr
ABSTRACT The Strathfieldsaye Estate collection at the University of Melbourne Archives is discussed in relation to recognising, protecting and reclaiming Koori (First Peoples of southeast Australia) heritage. The settler collection includes early 1900s photographs of Koori people within two distinct albums – a family album that includes a series of studio portraits of Koori adults and children, and an album depicting Koori families on Ramahyuck Aboriginal Mission Station. In the past, these albums have been defined by, and limited to, traditional archiving practices excluding Koori interpretation, authorship and social context. Restoring Koori ownership and authorship of intangible heritage plays a large part in consolidating ancestor photographs with Koori perspectives of identity and culture.
{"title":"Between Policy and Practice: Archival Descriptions, Digital Returns and a Place for Coalescing Narratives","authors":"S. Huebner, Stella Marr","doi":"10.1080/01576895.2018.1552161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01576895.2018.1552161","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Strathfieldsaye Estate collection at the University of Melbourne Archives is discussed in relation to recognising, protecting and reclaiming Koori (First Peoples of southeast Australia) heritage. The settler collection includes early 1900s photographs of Koori people within two distinct albums – a family album that includes a series of studio portraits of Koori adults and children, and an album depicting Koori families on Ramahyuck Aboriginal Mission Station. In the past, these albums have been defined by, and limited to, traditional archiving practices excluding Koori interpretation, authorship and social context. Restoring Koori ownership and authorship of intangible heritage plays a large part in consolidating ancestor photographs with Koori perspectives of identity and culture.","PeriodicalId":43371,"journal":{"name":"Archives and Manuscripts","volume":"47 1","pages":"113 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01576895.2018.1552161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44386430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/01576895.2018.1568776
Oskar Slifierz
{"title":"Indigenous archives: the making and unmaking of Aboriginal art","authors":"Oskar Slifierz","doi":"10.1080/01576895.2018.1568776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01576895.2018.1568776","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43371,"journal":{"name":"Archives and Manuscripts","volume":"47 1","pages":"171 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01576895.2018.1568776","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46758478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/01576895.2019.1575248
A. Corn, with Steven Wantarri Jampijinpa Patrick
ABSTRACT Semantic Web ontology files can be flexibly programmed to delineate metadata relationships in machine-readable formats to create relational pathways for discovering resources both on and off the Internet. There is a global community of Semantic Web developers and users across a broad multi-disciplinary range of interests who create and share extensible open-source ontologies. In this article, the author will explore the functionality of Semantic Web techniques for representing the ontologies of relatedness through kinship that typically underpin Australian Indigenous knowledge systems, and investigate their potentials for meeting persistent demands among leading Australian Indigenous collections creators and users to be able to search and discover their hereditary knowledge resources in ways that reflect and reinforce their enduring cultural values, ways of knowing and rights-management concerns.
{"title":"Exploring the applicability of the Semantic Web for discovering and navigating Australian Indigenous knowledge resources","authors":"A. Corn, with Steven Wantarri Jampijinpa Patrick","doi":"10.1080/01576895.2019.1575248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01576895.2019.1575248","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Semantic Web ontology files can be flexibly programmed to delineate metadata relationships in machine-readable formats to create relational pathways for discovering resources both on and off the Internet. There is a global community of Semantic Web developers and users across a broad multi-disciplinary range of interests who create and share extensible open-source ontologies. In this article, the author will explore the functionality of Semantic Web techniques for representing the ontologies of relatedness through kinship that typically underpin Australian Indigenous knowledge systems, and investigate their potentials for meeting persistent demands among leading Australian Indigenous collections creators and users to be able to search and discover their hereditary knowledge resources in ways that reflect and reinforce their enduring cultural values, ways of knowing and rights-management concerns.","PeriodicalId":43371,"journal":{"name":"Archives and Manuscripts","volume":"47 1","pages":"131 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01576895.2019.1575248","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47427691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/01576895.2018.1560834
Rebe Taylor
Tasmanian history, and Tasmanian Aboriginal history in particular, has a uniquely long and unbroken tradition of research and writing. Historians began to reflect on Tasmania’s frontier war even as it drew to a close in the 1830s and they have continued ever since. The topic has stirred intense debate and more than half a dozen new publications since the turn of this century. Stevens, an established writer of fiction, has thus chosen for her first book of history a much-studied subject. But she has nonetheless found an area of Tasmanian Aboriginal history that has received less attention. Me Write Myself recounts the years immediately after Tasmania’s frontier wars, from 1832–48, when almost all the Tasmanian Aborigines were living in exile in the Wybalenna Aboriginal Establishment on Flinders Island in Bass Strait. Moreover, Stevens turns her focus to a largely overlooked set of records, the texts written by the exiles: the regular contributions they wrote to the Flinders Island Chronicle; their sermons, their correspondence to colonial officials and, significantly, their petitions to the Crown, seeking recognition of their rights.
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