As a part of northeast Asia, the Korean peninsula is at a pivotal geographic location for the initial peopling of eastern Eurasia as well as later population migrations in this region. Although population geneticists have been thoroughly studying the genetic structure of present-day eastern Eurasians and the ways in which it has changed over time, the origins of Koreans and their relationships to worldwide populations have been much less studied. Especially, no archaeogenetic work using genome-wide data has been conducted for ancient Koreans. In this article, I review the current understanding of the eastern Eurasian population history, highlighting the role of recent archaeogenetic work. In short, the north-south genetic cline of eastern Eurasians is primarily due to a differential contribution from two distinct ancestral gene pools, ancestral East Asians and ancient North Eurasians from Siberia. The latter is closely related to Mesolithic European hunter-gatherers. Prehistoric Korea was surrounded by at least three distinct gene pools: southeast Asian, northeast Asian, and prehistoric Jomon people in Japan. Present-day Koreans are most closely related to the southeast Asian-related gene pool, with limited contribution from the northeast Asian-related one. Future archaeogenetic studies will be critical to understand temporal details of the gradual formation of the Korean gene pool.
{"title":"A Population Genetic Perspective on Korean Prehistory","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/ks.2018.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ks.2018.0028","url":null,"abstract":"As a part of northeast Asia, the Korean peninsula is at a pivotal geographic location for the initial peopling of eastern Eurasia as well as later population migrations in this region. Although population geneticists have been thoroughly studying the genetic structure of present-day eastern Eurasians and the ways in which it has changed over time, the origins of Koreans and their relationships to worldwide populations have been much less studied. Especially, no archaeogenetic work using genome-wide data has been conducted for ancient Koreans. In this article, I review the current understanding of the eastern Eurasian population history, highlighting the role of recent archaeogenetic work. In short, the north-south genetic cline of eastern Eurasians is primarily due to a differential contribution from two distinct ancestral gene pools, ancestral East Asians and ancient North Eurasians from Siberia. The latter is closely related to Mesolithic European hunter-gatherers. Prehistoric Korea was surrounded by at least three distinct gene pools: southeast Asian, northeast Asian, and prehistoric Jomon people in Japan. Present-day Koreans are most closely related to the southeast Asian-related gene pool, with limited contribution from the northeast Asian-related one. Future archaeogenetic studies will be critical to understand temporal details of the gradual formation of the Korean gene pool.","PeriodicalId":43382,"journal":{"name":"Korean Studies","volume":"101 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78249996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Postcolonial Grief: The Afterlives of the Pacific Wars in the Americas by Jinah Kim (review)","authors":"Jed Lea-Henry","doi":"10.1353/ks.2018.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ks.2018.0026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43382,"journal":{"name":"Korean Studies","volume":"51 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76634002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Broken Voices: Postcolonial Entanglements and the Preservation of Korea’s Central Folksong Traditions by Roald Maliangkay (review)","authors":"Anna Yates-Lu","doi":"10.1353/ks.2018.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ks.2018.0027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43382,"journal":{"name":"Korean Studies","volume":"196 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77083155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Foresight of Dark Knowing: Chǒng Kam nok and Insurrectionary Prognostication in Pre-modern Korea translated, annotated, and with an introduction by John Jorgensen (review)","authors":"Richard D. Mcbride II","doi":"10.1353/ks.2018.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ks.2018.0024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43382,"journal":{"name":"Korean Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78998820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"International Perspectives on Translation, Education and Innovation in Japanese and Korean Societies, ed. by David G. Herbert (review)","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/ks.2018.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ks.2018.0022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43382,"journal":{"name":"Korean Studies","volume":"46 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74508581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines two manuscript ritual manuals titled Hwaǒm yemun (華嚴禮文) from the late Chosǒn period preserved in the Old Books Collection of the Dongguk University Library. The first is dated to 1767 with the name Pak Chinhae 朴震海 on the cover, and the second was assembled by an unknown hand in 1891. The differences between the texts suggest the evolution and amplification of Hwaǒm-oriented liturgy in late premodern Korea. By examining the structures of and the ritual procedures delineated in these two documents, scholars gain a clearer picture of how the Avataṃsaka-sūtra was worshipped in Korean Buddhism as the capstone or culmination of the monastic curriculum for Sǒn monks. In addition, these texts further our understanding of how ritual functioned as a means of articulating doctrinal and devotional classifications, as a procedure for reinforcing mainstream Mahāyāna doctrines and aspirations, and as a malleable framework for making of vows and invocations, performing penance, and chanting efficacious spells.
{"title":"How Did Buddhists Venerate the Avataṃsaka-sūtra in Late Premodern Korea? Insights from Two Manuscript Ritual Texts (article)","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/ks.2018.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ks.2018.0023","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines two manuscript ritual manuals titled Hwaǒm yemun (華嚴禮文) from the late Chosǒn period preserved in the Old Books Collection of the Dongguk University Library. The first is dated to 1767 with the name Pak Chinhae 朴震海 on the cover, and the second was assembled by an unknown hand in 1891. The differences between the texts suggest the evolution and amplification of Hwaǒm-oriented liturgy in late premodern Korea. By examining the structures of and the ritual procedures delineated in these two documents, scholars gain a clearer picture of how the Avataṃsaka-sūtra was worshipped in Korean Buddhism as the capstone or culmination of the monastic curriculum for Sǒn monks. In addition, these texts further our understanding of how ritual functioned as a means of articulating doctrinal and devotional classifications, as a procedure for reinforcing mainstream Mahāyāna doctrines and aspirations, and as a malleable framework for making of vows and invocations, performing penance, and chanting efficacious spells.","PeriodicalId":43382,"journal":{"name":"Korean Studies","volume":"44 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79552749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Communication, Digital Media, and Popular Culture in Korea: Contemporary Research and Future Prospects, eds. Dal Yong Jin and Nojin Kwak (review)","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/ks.2018.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ks.2018.0021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43382,"journal":{"name":"Korean Studies","volume":"2007 1","pages":"-"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82497652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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