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A dream project turns nightmare: how flawless software never got implemented 一个梦想项目变成了噩梦:完美的软件从来没有实现过
IF 1 Q2 Decision Sciences Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59140-061-5.CH007
V. Roy, B. Aubert
It was in 1996 that Integra, a large Canadian life insurance institution, launched its Banking and Loan Insurance Software System (BLISS) development project with the aim of gaining access to the loan insurance market in small Credit Unions (CUs) across Canada. The company was ready to provide the system free of charge to the Credit Unions on the provision that they commercialize exclusively Integra's loan insurance products. To achieve this goal, Integra entered into a partnership with Intex Consulting, the Canadian subsidiary of a large international information system (IS) integration firm who wanted to gain a foothold in the Canadian banking business. After 1.3 million dollars of investment from each partner and twelve months of intensive efforts, the project came to an abrupt stop. The lessons learned in this case study include: (1) the importance of understanding requirements beyond microlevel user needs, (2) the need to get the enlightened involvement of each interested party in a large complex project, (3) the importance of appraising the specific contribution of each partner in a strategic alliance, and (4) the obstacles faced when entering an unfamiliar market with a new, unproven IS product.
1996年,加拿大大型人寿保险机构Integra启动了其银行和贷款保险软件系统(BLISS)开发项目,旨在进入加拿大各地小型信用合作社(cu)的贷款保险市场。该公司准备向信用合作社免费提供该系统,条件是它们只将Integra的贷款保险产品商业化。为了实现这一目标,Integra与Intex Consulting建立了合作关系。Intex Consulting是一家大型国际信息系统(IS)集成公司的加拿大子公司,该公司希望在加拿大银行业务中站稳脚跟。经过双方130万美元的投资和12个月的紧张努力,这个项目戛然而止。本案例研究的经验教训包括:(1)理解微观用户需求之外的需求的重要性,(2)在大型复杂项目中让每个利益相关方明智参与的必要性,(3)评估战略联盟中每个合作伙伴的具体贡献的重要性,以及(4)在进入一个不熟悉的市场时面临的障碍,一个新的,未经证实的IS产品。
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引用次数: 6
Balancing theoretical and practical goals in the delivery of a university-level data communications program 在大学水平的数据通信项目的交付中平衡理论和实践目标
IF 1 Q2 Decision Sciences Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59140-061-5.CH019
Jairo Gutiérrez, K. Tawa
This case examines the experience of introducing the Cisco Networking Academy Program as part of two data communications courses taught in the School of Business and Economics at the University of Auckland, This case discusses the advantages and disadvantages encountered in the administration and delivery of the combined (traditional content plus the Cisco-based content) material. The case also analyses the impact of the program on the learning outcomes and objectives of the existing courses. The feedback presented was obtained informally through conversations with students and formally by using end-of-semester surveys and by reviewing students' assignments and tests. The case describes how the program combined traditional "sage on the stage" lectures plus hands-on lab experiments as part of the educational experience. The availability of on-line curricula and testing is also considered as an important element in the learning process.
本案例考察了在奥克兰大学商业与经济学院开设的两门数据通信课程中引入思科网络学院项目的经验,并讨论了在管理和交付组合(传统内容和基于思科的内容)材料时遇到的优势和劣势。本案例还分析了该计划对现有课程的学习成果和目标的影响。所提供的反馈是非正式的,通过与学生交谈获得,正式的是通过学期末调查和审查学生的作业和考试获得。该案例描述了该项目如何将传统的“舞台上的圣人”讲座与实践实验室实验结合起来,作为教育体验的一部分。在线课程和测试的可用性也被认为是学习过程中的一个重要因素。
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引用次数: 7
Enterprise-wide strategic information systems planning for Shanghai Bell corporation 上海贝尔公司全企业战略信息系统规划
IF 1 Q2 Decision Sciences Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59140-061-5.CH028
Y. Long, F. Nah, Zhanbei Zhu
In response to increasing competition and technological advancement, Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd., a leading telecommunications enterprise located in Shanghai, China, carried out a major initiative to develop its next generation Information Technology/Information Systems (IT/IS) strategic plan. The initiative was prompted by limitations of its current enterprise application systems where the systems were neither able to keep up with the evolving needs due to organizational change nor satisfy the increasing demands for information sharing and data analysis. This case describes the environmental and organizational context of Shanghai Bell Corporation, and the problems and challenges it encountered in developing an enterprise-wide strategic IT/IS plan. The issues covered include alignment of IT strategy with evolving business needs, application of a methodology to develop the strategic IT/IS plan, and evaluation of strategic planning project success.
为了应对日益激烈的竞争和技术进步,位于中国上海的领先电信企业上海贝尔股份有限公司实施了一项重大举措,以制定其下一代信息技术/信息系统(IT/IS)战略计划。该计划是由其当前企业应用程序系统的局限性所推动的,这些系统既不能跟上由于组织变化而不断变化的需求,也不能满足对信息共享和数据分析日益增长的需求。本案例描述了上海贝尔公司的环境和组织背景,以及它在制定企业范围的战略it /IS计划时遇到的问题和挑战。所涉及的问题包括IT战略与不断发展的业务需求的一致性,开发战略IT/IS计划的方法的应用,以及战略计划项目成功的评估。
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引用次数: 10
Rx for integration: lessons learned in health care EAI 整合方案:在卫生保健EAI中吸取的经验教训
IF 1 Q2 Decision Sciences Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59140-061-5.CH027
Hamid R. Nemati, S. Stewart, Faye Sherrill-Huffman
Managed care, Medicare reform and skyrocketing costs have forced health care providers to take a closer look IT and how it can help in providing a competitive advantage. Prior to the 1990s, most computer systems designed for health care were mission-specific. By the early to mid 1990s, many hospitals had begun to search the market for tools to integrate their aging transactional systems, since an integrated environment could provide more business-oriented functions such as decision support. However, for many medical centers achieving a seamless integration proved to be a daunting task.Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) was a response to decades of organizations creating distributed stand-alone applications resulting in an overabundance of platforms and development approaches. Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) techniques provided the interface layer to allow the systems to act as one "seamless" whole. This case provides an overview of EAI and examines the technical and organizational challenges faced by a major medical center in North Carolina attempting to integrate its enterprise applications and discusses how the project team responded to those challenges. An appendix featuring a complete list of products covered in this case, as well as a brief glossary of healthcare IT terms, follows the case.
管理式医疗、医疗保险改革和飙升的成本迫使医疗保健提供者更密切地关注IT,以及它如何帮助提供竞争优势。在20世纪90年代之前,大多数为医疗保健设计的计算机系统都是特定任务的。到20世纪90年代早期到中期,许多医院已经开始在市场上寻找工具来集成其老化的事务系统,因为集成环境可以提供更多面向业务的功能,如决策支持。然而,对于许多医疗中心来说,实现无缝集成被证明是一项艰巨的任务。企业应用集成(Enterprise Application Integration, EAI)是对几十年来组织创建分布式独立应用程序导致平台和开发方法过剩的一种回应。企业应用集成(EAI)技术提供了接口层,允许系统作为一个“无缝”的整体。本案例概述了EAI,研究了北卡罗来纳州一家大型医疗中心在尝试集成其企业应用程序时面临的技术和组织挑战,并讨论了项目团队如何应对这些挑战。本案例后面附有附录,其中包含本案例中涉及的产品的完整列表,以及医疗保健IT术语的简要术语表。
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引用次数: 4
Information systems development and business fit in dynamic environments 信息系统开发和业务适应动态环境
IF 1 Q2 Decision Sciences Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59140-061-5.CH016
P. Kanellis, Peggy Papadopoulou, D. Martakos
This teaching case describes the effects of privatization on a large industrial organization and sets the context for illustrating the vulnerability of information systems in turbulent environments. Upon privatization, the company put in place a number of business information systems that crippled them with respect to their initial purpose. At the same time, the policy of the company gave users almost complete autonomy and freedom with respect to meeting their own systems and informational needs. Using this freedom, business unit users developed their own small applications, and cannibalized the overarching systems to give themselves a system that worked by adapting it to their needs. The case presents a detailed, factually accurate chronology of the events, raising awareness to the issue of information systems flexibility by detailing the ensuing repercussions on an organization whose information systems were incapable of dealing with a frantic pace of environmental contingencies.
这个教学案例描述了私有化对大型工业组织的影响,并为说明动荡环境中信息系统的脆弱性设置了背景。在私有化之后,该公司建立了一些商业信息系统,这些系统使它们无法达到最初的目的。与此同时,公司的政策给予用户几乎完全的自主权和自由,以满足他们自己的系统和信息需求。利用这种自由,业务单位用户开发了他们自己的小型应用程序,并通过调整总体系统来为他们自己提供一个能够工作的系统。本案例详细、准确地记录了这些事件,通过详细说明信息系统无法处理突发环境事件的组织所受到的后续影响,提高了人们对信息系统灵活性问题的认识。
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引用次数: 2
Systems development by virtual project teams: a comparative study of four cases 虚拟项目团队的系统开发:四个案例的比较研究
IF 1 Q2 Decision Sciences Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59140-061-5.CH029
David T. Croasdell, A. Fox, Suprateek Sarker
Business organizations and global partners are increasing their utilization of "virtual project teams to enhance competitive advantages in the global market. More than ever, organizations are using virtual teamwork to bridge time zones and geographic distances. The use of virtual work environments has spurred interest in understanding how team members interact and collaborate over the life of a project. Not surprisingly, organizations are trying to understand what factors are determinants of success with respect to virtual teams. Increasing network bandwidth, continuously improving communication technologies, shifting global economies, and changes in social practices have caused business managers to reconsider traditional practices. This paper provides a comparative case study of four cross-cultural virtual project teams as they analyze, design, and develop information systems.
商业组织和全球合作伙伴正在增加他们对“虚拟项目团队”的利用,以增强在全球市场上的竞争优势。组织比以往任何时候都更多地使用虚拟团队来跨越时区和地理距离。虚拟工作环境的使用激发了人们对理解团队成员在项目生命周期中如何交互和协作的兴趣。毫不奇怪,组织正在试图了解哪些因素是虚拟团队成功的决定因素。不断增加的网络带宽、不断改进的通信技术、不断变化的全球经济以及社会实践的变化已经导致企业管理者重新考虑传统做法。本文提供了四个跨文化虚拟项目团队分析、设计和开发信息系统的比较案例研究。
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引用次数: 6
Nationwide ICT infrastructure introduction and its leverage for overall development 在全国范围内引进信息通信技术基础设施及其对整体发展的影响
IF 1 Q2 Decision Sciences Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59140-061-5.CH037
P. Pale, Jasenka Gojsic
This paper describes ten years of efforts in introducing the state-of-the-art information and communication technologies (ICT) and development of ICT infrastructure on the national level. The aim of the project was to build Internet in Croatia and to foster its leverage in the broad range of activities of public interest in the society as a whole. The prime target group was academic and research community, as a vehicle for the overall development in the society.Croatian Academic and Research Network (CARNet) had been started as a project in 1991, and, after five years, it was transformed into a government agency. A broad range of activities had been started, from building and maintaining private nationwide communication and computer network to information services, user support, education, pilot projects and promotion.The academic community has been treated not only as the main customer, but also as an active partner in developing and providing services.CARNet has been fully funded by the state budget for ten years, without any participation of the commercial sector, domestic donations or international financial support.Although CARNet is treated as Croatian success story, recognized inside and outside of the country, the question is whether the initial goals have been realistic and achievements sufficient, considering the low penetration of ICT into the Croatian society.Likewise, budget cuts, continuous struggle for political recognition and authority, as well as fights with national telecommunication monopoly, have created an array of questions to be answered at the beginning of the second decade of this highly ambitious endeavour.
本文描述了十年来在引进最先进的信息通信技术(ICT)和发展信息通信技术基础设施方面所做的努力。该项目的目的是在克罗地亚建立互联网,并促进其在整个社会广泛的公共利益活动中发挥作用。主要目标群体是学术界和研究界,作为社会整体发展的载体。克罗地亚学术和研究网络(CARNet)是1991年作为一个项目开始的,五年后转变为一个政府机构。已经开展了范围广泛的活动,从建立和维持私人的全国通信和计算机网络到信息服务、用户支助、教育、试点项目和推广。学术界不仅被视为主要客户,而且被视为开发和提供服务的积极合作伙伴。十年来,CARNet完全由国家预算提供资金,没有任何商业部门、国内捐赠或国际财政支持的参与。虽然CARNet被视为克罗地亚的成功故事,受到国内外的认可,但考虑到ICT在克罗地亚社会的普及率很低,问题是最初的目标是否现实,成就是否足够。同样,预算削减、争取政治承认和权威的持续斗争以及同国家电信垄断企业的斗争造成了一系列问题,需要在这一雄心勃勃的努力的第二个十年开始时加以回答。
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引用次数: 1
Large-scale sustainable information systems development in a developing country: the making of an Islamic banking package 发展中国家大规模可持续信息系统的发展:伊斯兰银行一揽子计划的制定
IF 1 Q2 Decision Sciences Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59140-061-5.CH011
A. Okunoye
Information technology (IT) transfer to developing countries is often affected by various problems. Most available application packages are too expensive and were originally designed to work in a developed economy. The international features of the application packages reduced the problems associated with long duration and huge cost of customization. Nevertheless, there are still some processes that require many peculiar requirements that customization of the off-the-shelf applications cannot meet. With the rapid changes in IT and the business environment, it is becoming essential to rely on information system that can be sustained and upgraded without much cost in order to meet those changes. This case describes a project for the development of such a system.We present the background of the IT company and an Islamic bank as the customer. We highlight the circumstances that led to their decision to develop the systems locally. We discuss the facts that surround the development of the system: the outsourcing decision made by the African Arab Islamic Bank (AFAIB), the project management and systems development at Technology Associates Ltd. (TA), and other information system issues related to developing countries and their effect on the project's success.
信息技术向发展中国家的转移经常受到各种问题的影响。大多数可用的应用程序包都过于昂贵,而且最初的设计是为了在发达经济体中工作。应用程序包的国际特性减少了与长时间和巨大的定制成本相关的问题。然而,仍然有一些流程需要许多特殊的需求,这些需求是现有应用程序的定制无法满足的。随着资讯科技和商业环境的快速变化,资讯系统必须能够维持和升级,而不需要太多的成本,以应付这些变化。这个案例描述了一个开发这样一个系统的项目。我们以IT公司为背景,以伊斯兰银行为客户。我们强调了导致他们决定在当地开发这些系统的情况。我们讨论了围绕系统开发的事实:由非洲阿拉伯伊斯兰银行(AFAIB)做出的外包决策,技术联合有限公司(TA)的项目管理和系统开发,以及与发展中国家相关的其他信息系统问题及其对项目成功的影响。
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引用次数: 9
Modeling back office operations at greenfield online's digital consumer store 为greenfield在线数字消费者商店的后台操作建模
IF 1 Q2 Decision Sciences Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59140-061-5.CH023
G. Campbell, C. Huntley, Michael R. Anderson
Greenfield Online, the first online market research company, is an example of an e-business that has continued to be successful despite recent retrenchments in the Internet sector. Their core business involves developing and implementing customized market research studies. At the time of this case, they also sold "off-the-shelf" reports related to online shopping trends for specific groups of products. This case describes operations at Greenfield Online's "Digital Consumer Score" using three modeling techniques--process mapping, data flow diagramming, and entity-relationship diagramming. The simultaneous use of these techniques illustrates how they relate to each other, and demonstrates their applicability within an e-business environment. After the descriptive models set the stage, the economics of manually-performed back office processes are evaluated through a present value analysis of labor costs. The organization is left with open questions regarding how to improve the Digital Consumer Store's back office operations.
格林菲尔德在线,第一家在线市场研究公司,是一个电子商务的例子,尽管最近在互联网部门紧缩,它仍然继续取得成功。他们的核心业务包括开发和实施定制的市场研究。在这起案件发生时,他们还出售与特定产品群体的在线购物趋势相关的“现货”报告。本案例描述了Greenfield Online使用三种建模技术(流程映射、数据流图和实体关系图)的“数字消费者评分”操作。这些技术的同时使用说明了它们是如何相互关联的,并说明了它们在电子商务环境中的适用性。在描述性模型搭建好舞台之后,通过对劳动力成本的现值分析来评估手工执行的后台流程的经济性。关于如何改善数字消费者商店的后台运营,该组织留下了悬而未决的问题。
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引用次数: 3
Managing information security on a shoestring budget 以有限的预算管理信息安全
IF 1 Q2 Decision Sciences Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59140-061-5.CH010
V. Sridhar, B. Bhasker
As organizations continue to deploy mission-critical, network-centric information systems, managing the security of such systems has become very critical. Building and managing such security infrastructure can be potentially very expensive, especially for small and medium-sized organizations. The Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow (IIML), the premier teaching and research business school in India, embarked on implementing a robust security management infrastructure with a limited budget on hand. The case examines, how IIML successfully implemented the security infrastructure by appropriately developing security policies and selecting a proper combination of freeware and proprietary software components. Since security management is not a one-time activity and uses intensive technology, a careful analysis is required to assess whether the maintenance of the security infrastructure can be done in-house or outsourced. The case illustrates the trade-offs involved and presents experiences of IIML in outsourcing the post-implementation phase to a Security Service Provider. The case also highlights the challenges organizations face while implementing freeware security products and outsourcing security services.
随着组织不断部署关键任务、以网络为中心的信息系统,管理这些系统的安全性变得非常关键。构建和管理这样的安全基础设施可能非常昂贵,特别是对于中小型组织。印度勒克瑙管理学院(IIML)是印度首屈一指的教学和研究商学院,在手头预算有限的情况下,开始实施一个强大的安全管理基础设施。本案例考察了IIML如何通过适当地开发安全策略和选择自由软件和专有软件组件的适当组合来成功地实现安全基础设施。由于安全管理不是一次性的活动,并且使用密集的技术,因此需要进行仔细的分析,以评估安全基础设施的维护是否可以在内部或外包完成。该案例说明了所涉及的权衡,并介绍了IIML将实现后阶段外包给安全服务提供商的经验。该案例还突出了组织在实施免费安全产品和外包安全服务时所面临的挑战。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
Journal of Cases on Information Technology
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