{"title":"Türk İşaret Dilinde uyum","authors":"Bahtiyar Makaroğlu","doi":"10.1075/sll.00030.mak","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/sll.00030.mak","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43398,"journal":{"name":"Sign Language & Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45171957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Concerted attention in sign language linguistics has focused on finding ways to document signs. Until now, most notation systems rely on a complex plethora of symbols and are under-specific, to the extent that visual images are still the most widely accepted way of recording primary data. This paper presents a novel phonetic notation of handshape in a step towards deriving an International Phonetic Alphabet for sign languages, based on digit shape (configuration) and position in terms of reference coordinates, aiming at both readability and precision. It is sufficiently hybrid to allow for both accurate measurements and estimates of digit positions, thereby affording a way of representing handshapes suitable for lexicography, studying phonetic variation and avatar programming. Originally tailored to describe handshapes in South African Sign Language, it can also notate gestures. After discussing transcription methods and hand physiology, digit configurations are defined in terms of joint angles. Variations in configuration positions are then specified in terms of Cartesian reference coordinates.
{"title":"Rethinking handshape","authors":"Ella Wehrmeyer","doi":"10.1075/sll.18001.weh","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/sll.18001.weh","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Concerted attention in sign language linguistics has focused on\u0000 finding ways to document signs. Until now, most notation systems rely on a\u0000 complex plethora of symbols and are under-specific, to the extent that visual\u0000 images are still the most widely accepted way of recording primary data. This\u0000 paper presents a novel phonetic notation of handshape in a step towards deriving\u0000 an International Phonetic Alphabet for sign languages, based on digit shape\u0000 (configuration) and position in terms of reference coordinates, aiming at both\u0000 readability and precision. It is sufficiently hybrid to allow for both accurate\u0000 measurements and estimates of digit positions, thereby affording a way of\u0000 representing handshapes suitable for lexicography, studying phonetic variation\u0000 and avatar programming. Originally tailored to describe handshapes in South\u0000 African Sign Language, it can also notate gestures. After discussing\u0000 transcription methods and hand physiology, digit configurations are defined in\u0000 terms of joint angles. Variations in configuration positions are then specified\u0000 in terms of Cartesian reference coordinates.","PeriodicalId":43398,"journal":{"name":"Sign Language & Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48558858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Davidson (2013) shows that in American Sign Language (ASL), conjunction and disjunction can be expressed by the same general use coordinator (cf. mary drink tea coord coffee ‘Mary drank tea and coffee; Mary drank tea or coffee.’). To derive these two meanings, she proposes an alternative semantic analysis whereby the two interpretations arise through universal or existential quantification over a set of alternatives licensed by (non-)linguistic cues, such as contexts and prosodic or lexical material. This paper provides supportive evidence for Davidson’s analysis from two other languages, Japanese and Japanese Sign Language. These languages are shown to employ general use coordination similar to that in ASL, but the general use coordinators in the three languages differ in one important respect: the locality of lexical elements that induce a disjunctive meaning. It is suggested that this cross-linguistic variation can be attributed to language-specific properties that concern the Q-particle discussed in Uegaki (2014, 2018).
{"title":"General use coordination in Japanese and Japanese Sign\u0000 Language","authors":"Yuko Asada","doi":"10.1075/sll.18003.asa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/sll.18003.asa","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Davidson (2013) shows\u0000 that in American Sign Language (ASL), conjunction and disjunction can be\u0000 expressed by the same general use coordinator (cf. mary drink tea coord\u0000 coffee ‘Mary drank tea and coffee; Mary drank tea or coffee.’). To\u0000 derive these two meanings, she proposes an alternative semantic analysis whereby\u0000 the two interpretations arise through universal or existential quantification\u0000 over a set of alternatives licensed by (non-)linguistic cues, such as contexts\u0000 and prosodic or lexical material. This paper provides supportive evidence for\u0000 Davidson’s analysis from two other languages, Japanese and Japanese Sign\u0000 Language. These languages are shown to employ general use coordination similar\u0000 to that in ASL, but the general use coordinators in the three languages differ\u0000 in one important respect: the locality of lexical elements that induce a\u0000 disjunctive meaning. It is suggested that this cross-linguistic variation can be\u0000 attributed to language-specific properties that concern the Q-particle discussed\u0000 in Uegaki (2014, 2018).","PeriodicalId":43398,"journal":{"name":"Sign Language & Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48870821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper investigates the morpho-phonological differences between the members of related noun-verb pairs in Catalan Sign Language. Like parallel investigations in other sign languages, our experimental work provides evidence that the major differentiating factors between related nouns and verbs materialize in the movement component of signs and non-manual markers, thus providing empirical support to the hypothesis that most noun-verb pairs have different morpho-phonological properties. We distinguish different types of movements, which we categorize into four regular morphological subgroups. We also take into account a fifth group that shows no apparent movement distinction. Concerning non-manual markers, we provide empirical evidence that nouns are mostly produced simultaneously with mouthing, in contrast to verbs, which in a smaller proportion are produced mainly with mouth gestures. Crucially, the fifth group presents the largest ratio of mouthing for nouns and even for verbs. We address these findings within an exo-skeletal theoretical syntactic approach (Borer 2005a,b, 2013, 2014).
{"title":"The noun-verb distinction in Catalan Sign\u0000 Language","authors":"Eulàlia Ribera-Llonc, M. Espinal, J. Quer","doi":"10.1075/sll.00027.rib","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/sll.00027.rib","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper investigates the morpho-phonological differences\u0000 between the members of related noun-verb pairs in Catalan Sign Language. Like\u0000 parallel investigations in other sign languages, our experimental work provides\u0000 evidence that the major differentiating factors between related nouns and verbs\u0000 materialize in the movement component of signs and non-manual markers, thus\u0000 providing empirical support to the hypothesis that most noun-verb pairs have\u0000 different morpho-phonological properties. We distinguish different types of\u0000 movements, which we categorize into four regular morphological subgroups. We\u0000 also take into account a fifth group that shows no apparent movement\u0000 distinction. Concerning non-manual markers, we provide empirical evidence that\u0000 nouns are mostly produced simultaneously with mouthing, in contrast to verbs,\u0000 which in a smaller proportion are produced mainly with mouth gestures.\u0000 Crucially, the fifth group presents the largest ratio of mouthing for nouns and\u0000 even for verbs. We address these findings within an exo-skeletal theoretical\u0000 syntactic approach (Borer 2005a,b, 2013, 2014).","PeriodicalId":43398,"journal":{"name":"Sign Language & Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49231382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article reviews The linguistics of sign languages: An introduction € 99.009789027212306€ 36.0097890272123139789027267344
本文综述了手语语言学:绪论€36.0097890272123139789027267344
{"title":"Anne Baker, Beppie van den Bogaerde, Roland Pfau & Trude Schermer\u0000 (eds.), The linguistics of sign languages: an\u0000 introduction","authors":"Rosalee J. Wolfe","doi":"10.1075/sll.00032.wol","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/sll.00032.wol","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews The linguistics of sign languages: An introduction € 99.009789027212306€ 36.0097890272123139789027267344","PeriodicalId":43398,"journal":{"name":"Sign Language & Linguistics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41674181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gradable constructions in Italian Sign Language","authors":"Valentina Aristodemo","doi":"10.1075/sll.00028.ari","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/sll.00028.ari","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43398,"journal":{"name":"Sign Language & Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42251316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The feature system of handshapes and phonological processes\u0000 in Shanghai Sign Language","authors":"Shengyun Gu","doi":"10.1075/sll.00029.gu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/sll.00029.gu","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43398,"journal":{"name":"Sign Language & Linguistics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59107145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Verortung entspricht der raumlichen Verankerung von Diskursreferenten im Gebardenraum und fungiert als ein machtiges, aber nicht notwendigerweise obligatorisches Mittel, um Referenten zu verfolgen und Koharenz im Diskurs von Gebardensprachen aufrechtzuerhalten. Dabei stellt sich die Frage was in der Abwesenheit overter Verortung passiert. Die vorliegende Dissertation thematisiert diese Frage mit Hilfe der Untersuchung potentieller Faktoren, die das Verstehen des pronominalen IX und die Produktion referentieller Ausdrucke beeinflussen. Dabei werden Daten in Deutscher Gebardensprache (DGS) und Turkischer Gebardensprache (TID), erhoben in einem Referentenauswahlaufgabe und einer Satzweiterfuhrungsaufgabe, vergleichend betrachtet. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit zeigen das raumliche Standards bei der Verortung, deren Verwendung bei der Einfuhrung und der Verfolgung von Referenten in gebardensprachlichen Diskursen gezeigt wurde (Steinbach & Onea 2016; Wienholz, Nuhbalaoglu, Mani, Herrmann & Steinbach 2018), nur in begrenzten Kontexten (d.h. mit reziproken Verben) zum Verstehen eines pronominalen IX angewandt werden. Bei der Produktion werden raumliche Standards nur selten verwendet und zeigen deutliche intra- und intersprachliche Variation. Wahrend das bevorzugte Standardmuster fur DGS ipsi–contra (unabhangig von Handigkeit) ist, zeigt TID hauptsachlich ein rechts–links Muster fur Sprachverstehen und ein links–rechts Muster fur Sprachproduktion (unabhangig von Handigkeit). Daruber hinaus wird ein moglicher Einfluss der folgenden Konventionen auf die Salienz von Referenten beobachtet: (i) semantische und morpho-syntaktische Eigenschaften der Verbklassen (z.B. einfache Verben unterstutzen Objektpraferenz), (ii) Strategien der Perspektive (DGS Signer bevorzugten die Perspektive des Sprechers und rotieren den Gebardenraum um 1800 wahrend TID Signer die Adressatenperspektive einzunehmen scheinen und den Gebardenraum spiegeln), (iii) der referentielle Wert des pronominal IX an sich (z.B. Referenz zu Entitaten mit niedrigem Zugangsstatus), (iv) die Struktur des Diskurskontexts (z.B. potentieller Unterschied zwischen Aufrechterhaltungs- und Wiedereinfuhrungskontext im Hinblick auf die Produktion von IX Gebarden), (v) die Art der Koharenzbeziehung zwischen den Satzen (z.B. kausale Beziehung rufen mehrheitlich Objektpraferenz hervor). Die Erkenntnisse der vorliegenden Dissertation unterstreichen den Einfluss verschiedener modalitatsspezifischer (z.B. Gebardenraum) und modalitatsunabhangiger (z.B. Verbsemantik) und sowohl Probanden-bezogener (z.B. Handigkeit) als auch sprachspezifischer (z.B. Interaktion mit dem Gestensystem der umgebenen Lautsprache) Konventionen bei der Auflosung anaphorischer und der Produktion referentieller Ausdrucke. In Anbetracht dessen wird die Notwendigkeit einer integrierten Theorie der Anaphernresolution, die die der oben genannten Aspekte berucksichtigt, und eines multidimensionalen Ansatzes zur Salienz verdeutlicht.
{"title":"Comprehension and production of referential expressions in German Sign Language (DGS) and Turkish Sign Language (TİD)","authors":"Derya Nuhbalaoğlu","doi":"10.1075/SLL.00037.NUH","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/SLL.00037.NUH","url":null,"abstract":"Verortung entspricht der raumlichen Verankerung von Diskursreferenten im Gebardenraum und fungiert als ein machtiges, aber nicht notwendigerweise obligatorisches Mittel, um Referenten zu verfolgen und Koharenz im Diskurs von Gebardensprachen aufrechtzuerhalten. Dabei stellt sich die Frage was in der Abwesenheit overter Verortung passiert. Die vorliegende Dissertation thematisiert diese Frage mit Hilfe der Untersuchung potentieller Faktoren, die das Verstehen des pronominalen IX und die Produktion referentieller Ausdrucke beeinflussen. Dabei werden Daten in Deutscher Gebardensprache (DGS) und Turkischer Gebardensprache (TID), erhoben in einem Referentenauswahlaufgabe und einer Satzweiterfuhrungsaufgabe, vergleichend betrachtet. \u0000Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit zeigen das raumliche Standards bei der Verortung, deren Verwendung bei der Einfuhrung und der Verfolgung von Referenten in gebardensprachlichen Diskursen gezeigt wurde (Steinbach & Onea 2016; Wienholz, Nuhbalaoglu, Mani, Herrmann & Steinbach 2018), nur in begrenzten Kontexten (d.h. mit reziproken Verben) zum Verstehen eines pronominalen IX angewandt werden. Bei der Produktion werden raumliche Standards nur selten verwendet und zeigen deutliche intra- und intersprachliche Variation. Wahrend das bevorzugte Standardmuster fur DGS ipsi–contra (unabhangig von Handigkeit) ist, zeigt TID hauptsachlich ein rechts–links Muster fur Sprachverstehen und ein links–rechts Muster fur Sprachproduktion (unabhangig von Handigkeit). \u0000Daruber hinaus wird ein moglicher Einfluss der folgenden Konventionen auf die Salienz von Referenten beobachtet: (i) semantische und morpho-syntaktische Eigenschaften der Verbklassen (z.B. einfache Verben unterstutzen Objektpraferenz), (ii) Strategien der Perspektive (DGS Signer bevorzugten die Perspektive des Sprechers und rotieren den Gebardenraum um 1800 wahrend TID Signer die Adressatenperspektive einzunehmen scheinen und den Gebardenraum spiegeln), (iii) der referentielle Wert des pronominal IX an sich (z.B. Referenz zu Entitaten mit niedrigem Zugangsstatus), (iv) die Struktur des Diskurskontexts (z.B. potentieller Unterschied zwischen Aufrechterhaltungs- und Wiedereinfuhrungskontext im Hinblick auf die Produktion von IX Gebarden), (v) die Art der Koharenzbeziehung zwischen den Satzen (z.B. kausale Beziehung rufen mehrheitlich Objektpraferenz hervor). \u0000Die Erkenntnisse der vorliegenden Dissertation unterstreichen den Einfluss verschiedener modalitatsspezifischer (z.B. Gebardenraum) und modalitatsunabhangiger (z.B. Verbsemantik) und sowohl Probanden-bezogener (z.B. Handigkeit) als auch sprachspezifischer (z.B. Interaktion mit dem Gestensystem der umgebenen Lautsprache) Konventionen bei der Auflosung anaphorischer und der Produktion referentieller Ausdrucke. In Anbetracht dessen wird die Notwendigkeit einer integrierten Theorie der Anaphernresolution, die die der oben genannten Aspekte berucksichtigt, und eines multidimensionalen Ansatzes zur Salienz verdeutlicht.","PeriodicalId":43398,"journal":{"name":"Sign Language & Linguistics","volume":"40 1","pages":"282-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75586716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Theories of pronominal strength (e.g., Cardinaletti & Starke 1999) lead one to expect that sign language, just like spoken language, can have morphologically distinct strong pronominals. We suggest that American Sign Language (ASL) and French Sign Language (LSF) might have such pronominals, characterized here by the fact that they may associate with only even in the absence of prosodically marked focus.
{"title":"Strong pronominals in ASL and LSF?","authors":"P. Schlenker","doi":"10.1075/SLL.00025.SCH","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/SLL.00025.SCH","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Theories of pronominal strength (e.g., Cardinaletti & Starke 1999)\u0000 lead one to expect that sign language, just like spoken language, can have morphologically distinct strong pronominals. We suggest\u0000 that American Sign Language (ASL) and French Sign Language (LSF) might have such pronominals, characterized here by the fact that\u0000 they may associate with only even in the absence of prosodically marked focus.","PeriodicalId":43398,"journal":{"name":"Sign Language & Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44870107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we examine agent backgrounding in Italian Sign Language (LIS). Specifically, we are interested in identifying and describing the strategies used by LIS signers to reduce referentiality. On the basis of low-referential contexts (cf. questionnaire in the Introduction chapter), we recorded target sentences containing potential markers of agent backgrounding and asked three LIS native signers to provide felicity judgments on them using a 7-point scale. We discuss agent-backgrounding strategies of different types: (i) manual, (ii) non-manual, and (iii) syntactic. Overall, our study shows that the combination of raised eyebrows and mouth-corners down associated with the existential quantifier someone and the sign person makes the agent-backgrounding reading more prominent. Other strategies that can be used in LIS to reduce referentiality are free relatives, perspective shift, and null subject. We also investigate in more detail the semantic status of someone, person, and the null subject through well-established tests from the literature.
{"title":"R-impersonal interpretation in Italian Sign Language (LIS)","authors":"L. Mantovan, C. Geraci","doi":"10.1075/SLL.00019.MAN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/SLL.00019.MAN","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, we examine agent backgrounding in Italian Sign Language (LIS). Specifically, we are interested in\u0000 identifying and describing the strategies used by LIS signers to reduce referentiality. On the basis of low-referential contexts\u0000 (cf. questionnaire in the Introduction chapter), we recorded target sentences containing potential markers of agent backgrounding\u0000 and asked three LIS native signers to provide felicity judgments on them using a 7-point scale. We discuss agent-backgrounding\u0000 strategies of different types: (i) manual, (ii) non-manual, and (iii) syntactic. Overall, our study shows that the combination of\u0000 raised eyebrows and mouth-corners down associated with the existential quantifier someone and the sign person\u0000 makes the agent-backgrounding reading more prominent. Other strategies that can be used in LIS to reduce referentiality are free\u0000 relatives, perspective shift, and null subject. We also investigate in more detail the semantic status of someone,\u0000 person, and the null subject through well-established tests from the literature.","PeriodicalId":43398,"journal":{"name":"Sign Language & Linguistics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46780001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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