Pub Date : 2025-04-06DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2025.126177
Fengxue Wei , Yaling Liu
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful spectroscopic technique that enables rapid, non-destructive, and susceptible detection of biological samples. The magnetic-plasmonic composite materials composed of magnetic and plasmonic nanoparticles have attracted extensive attention as SERS substrates in the biomedical field because of their ability to enrich, separate, and selectively identify biomolecules. In this review, the state-of-art progress of magnetic-plasmonic nanoparticle (MPNP)-based SERS substrates for biomedical detection is highlighted, covering the design and construction of MPNPs with different morphologies, organic and inorganic surface functionalization strategies adopted to improve the adaptability and applicability in biological systems for MPNPs, application development of MPNPs in biomedical detection, as well as the future challenges and issues to be addressed. It is highly expected that this review will help to fully understand the research status of MPNP-based SERS substrates and facilitate their further development and wider application in biological systems.
{"title":"Magnetic-plasmonic nanoparticle-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering for biomedical detection","authors":"Fengxue Wei , Yaling Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful spectroscopic technique that enables rapid, non-destructive, and susceptible detection of biological samples. The magnetic-plasmonic composite materials composed of magnetic and plasmonic nanoparticles have attracted extensive attention as SERS substrates in the biomedical field because of their ability to enrich, separate, and selectively identify biomolecules. In this review, the state-of-art progress of magnetic-plasmonic nanoparticle (MPNP)-based SERS substrates for biomedical detection is highlighted, covering the design and construction of MPNPs with different morphologies, organic and inorganic surface functionalization strategies adopted to improve the adaptability and applicability in biological systems for MPNPs, application development of MPNPs in biomedical detection, as well as the future challenges and issues to be addressed. It is highly expected that this review will help to fully understand the research status of MPNP-based SERS substrates and facilitate their further development and wider application in biological systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 126177"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-04DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2025.126175
Han-Yang Zou , Zhao-Chen Wang , Xiao-Hui Liu , Yi-Fan Du , Xiao-Qun Cao , Jizhen Shang , Shi-Li Shen , Xiao-Fan Zhang
Mitochondria play a critical role in providing energy to maintain cellular physiological functions. The viscosity in mitochondria is one of the important indicators of mitochondrial microenvironment. When mitochondrial viscosity increases, it often indicates the occurrence or development of certain diseases. Herein, a series of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes (ZHY-1 ∼ 4) were developed to detect viscosity changes. After screening, we selected ZHY-2 for cellular imaging, since it had the largest fluorescence intensity enhancement (222 times) in response to viscosity compared to the other probes (ZHY-1, ZHY-3, ZHY-4). In addition, ZHY-2 responded to viscosity specifically, and was not affected by pH and other biological species. Also, the probe ZHY-2 had good biocompatibility and mitochondria-targeting ability. It has been applied to measure viscosity changes after stimulation of nystatin and rapamycin. Finally, using probe ZHY-2, we have achieved the real-time fluorescence imaging of viscosity during starvation, as well as in drug-induced liver injury mice.
{"title":"A near-infrared fluorescence probe for sensing mitochondrial viscosity in cells and mice","authors":"Han-Yang Zou , Zhao-Chen Wang , Xiao-Hui Liu , Yi-Fan Du , Xiao-Qun Cao , Jizhen Shang , Shi-Li Shen , Xiao-Fan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mitochondria play a critical role in providing energy to maintain cellular physiological functions. The viscosity in mitochondria is one of the important indicators of mitochondrial microenvironment. When mitochondrial viscosity increases, it often indicates the occurrence or development of certain diseases. Herein, a series of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes (ZHY-1 ∼ 4) were developed to detect viscosity changes. After screening, we selected ZHY-2 for cellular imaging, since it had the largest fluorescence intensity enhancement (222 times) in response to viscosity compared to the other probes (ZHY-1, ZHY-3, ZHY-4). In addition, ZHY-2 responded to viscosity specifically, and was not affected by pH and other biological species. Also, the probe ZHY-2 had good biocompatibility and mitochondria-targeting ability. It has been applied to measure viscosity changes after stimulation of nystatin and rapamycin. Finally, using probe ZHY-2, we have achieved the real-time fluorescence imaging of viscosity during starvation, as well as in drug-induced liver injury mice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 126175"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-04DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2025.126094
Junqiang Liu, Jijun Tong
Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive technique that analyzes the vibrational modes and other properties of molecular systems by measuring scattered light from a laser. However, due to the short exposure time and low power of the excitation laser, Raman signals are often very weak, sometimes even weaker than the noise, making them prone to being overwhelmed by noise. This reduces sensitivity and classification accuracy, affecting practical applications.
Currently, traditional denoising methods face several challenges, primarily because their effectiveness heavily depends on manual parameter tuning, which is not beginner-friendly and adds complexity to using these methods. This study proposes an Adaptive Bistable Stochastic Resonance (ABSR) system, which enhances signals by utilizing noise energy and adjusts system parameters through a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, eliminating the need for manual parameter tuning to achieve optimal signal enhancement.
In the experimental section, the denoising performance of the ABSR algorithm was systematically validated using simulated Raman spectra. The experimental results demonstrate that, compared to traditional methods such as Savitzky–Golay (SG) filtering, Gaussian filtering, Soft and Hard Threshold Wavelet Transform (SHTWT), Adaptive Savitzky–Golay (ASG), and Stein’s Unbiased Risk Estimate Wavelet Transform (SUREWT), the ABSR algorithm exhibits significant advantages in denoising effectiveness. Specifically, ABSR is more effective in preserving the detailed features of spectral signals while demonstrating superior performance in noise suppression. Besides, using Raman spectra from diabetic patients, ABSR showed significant improvements in SNR and RMSE, and performed better in classification algorithms like SVM, Random Forest, and Decision Trees. The ABSR method effectively enhances Raman spectral resolution, reduces laser exposure, and is simple to use, making it valuable for beginners in Raman spectroscopy research.
{"title":"Stochastic resonance-based Raman spectroscopy denoising","authors":"Junqiang Liu, Jijun Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive technique that analyzes the vibrational modes and other properties of molecular systems by measuring scattered light from a laser. However, due to the short exposure time and low power of the excitation laser, Raman signals are often very weak, sometimes even weaker than the noise, making them prone to being overwhelmed by noise. This reduces sensitivity and classification accuracy, affecting practical applications.</div><div>Currently, traditional denoising methods face several challenges, primarily because their effectiveness heavily depends on manual parameter tuning, which is not beginner-friendly and adds complexity to using these methods. This study proposes an Adaptive Bistable Stochastic Resonance (ABSR) system, which enhances signals by utilizing noise energy and adjusts system parameters through a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, eliminating the need for manual parameter tuning to achieve optimal signal enhancement.</div><div>In the experimental section, the denoising performance of the ABSR algorithm was systematically validated using simulated Raman spectra. The experimental results demonstrate that, compared to traditional methods such as Savitzky–Golay (SG) filtering, Gaussian filtering, Soft and Hard Threshold Wavelet Transform (SHTWT), Adaptive Savitzky–Golay (ASG), and Stein’s Unbiased Risk Estimate Wavelet Transform (SUREWT), the ABSR algorithm exhibits significant advantages in denoising effectiveness. Specifically, ABSR is more effective in preserving the detailed features of spectral signals while demonstrating superior performance in noise suppression. Besides, using Raman spectra from diabetic patients, ABSR showed significant improvements in SNR and RMSE, and performed better in classification algorithms like SVM, Random Forest, and Decision Trees. The ABSR method effectively enhances Raman spectral resolution, reduces laser exposure, and is simple to use, making it valuable for beginners in Raman spectroscopy research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 126094"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-03DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2025.126152
Le-Yu Huang , Huiling Wang , Yue-Yang Zhang , Shi-Yu Liu
Due to increasing threats to global public health and widespread environmental pollution issues caused by improper and excessive application of pesticides, the detection of pesticide residues is important in securing food safety and responding to public health. However, conventional methods for pesticide residues detection were usually labor- and time-consuming, making the acquisition of efficient tools for rapid and sensitive detection of pesticide residues an urgent need. Enzyme-targeted organic fluorescent probes, which displayed high simplicity and sensitivity, have shown great potential in enzyme inhibition-based pesticide residues detection and related bioimaging. Among these, fluorescent probes-based biosensors for pesticide targeted serine hydrolyses such as carboxylesterases and cholinesterases have been widely developed.
Acylaminoacyl-peptidase hydrolase (APEH), a serine hydrolase with typical α/β fold structure, is a promising protein target for pesticides such as organophosphorus (OPs) and carbamate. However, no fluorescent probe targeting APEH has been reported for pesticide detection or related research. To address this, an enzyme-activated fluorescent probe (named as RH-AcA) with high sensitivity (limit of detection = 3.7 mU/mL), binding affinity (Km = 6.49 ± 0.29 μM) and high specificity toward APEH was constructed whilst inhibitory efficacy of different pesticides toward APEH in living cells and zebrafish was first visualized. Most importantly, APEH-inhibition-based pesticide residues detection was first achieved using RH-AcA, revealing significantly higher detection sensitivity toward OPs compared to esterase-based fluorescent probes This demonstrated APEH is a promising non-esterase target for enzyme-inhibition-based pesticide residues detection, and RH-AcA could serve as an ultrasensitive and practical tool for pesticides detection and related bioimaging.
{"title":"An acylaminoacyl-peptide hydrolase-activated fluorescent probe for ultrasensitive detection of pesticide residue","authors":"Le-Yu Huang , Huiling Wang , Yue-Yang Zhang , Shi-Yu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to increasing threats to global public health and widespread environmental pollution issues caused by improper and excessive application of pesticides, the detection of pesticide residues is important in securing food safety and responding to public health. However, conventional methods for pesticide residues detection were usually labor- and time-consuming, making the acquisition of efficient tools for rapid and sensitive detection of pesticide residues an urgent need. Enzyme-targeted organic fluorescent probes, which displayed high simplicity and sensitivity, have shown great potential in enzyme inhibition-based pesticide residues detection and related bioimaging. Among these, fluorescent probes-based biosensors for pesticide targeted serine hydrolyses such as carboxylesterases and cholinesterases have been widely developed.</div><div>Acylaminoacyl-peptidase hydrolase (APEH), a serine hydrolase with typical α/β fold structure, is a promising protein target for pesticides such as organophosphorus (OPs) and carbamate. However, no fluorescent probe targeting APEH has been reported for pesticide detection or related research. To address this, an enzyme-activated fluorescent probe (named as <strong>RH-AcA</strong>) with high sensitivity (limit of detection = 3.7 mU/mL), binding affinity (<em>K</em><sub>m</sub> = 6.49 ± 0.29 μM) and high specificity toward APEH was constructed whilst inhibitory efficacy of different pesticides toward APEH in living cells and zebrafish was first visualized. Most importantly, APEH-inhibition-based pesticide residues detection was first achieved using <strong>RH-AcA</strong>, revealing significantly higher detection sensitivity toward OPs compared to esterase-based fluorescent probes This demonstrated APEH is a promising non-esterase target for enzyme-inhibition-based pesticide residues detection, and <strong>RH-AcA</strong> could serve as an ultrasensitive and practical tool for pesticides detection and related bioimaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 126152"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143783160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of a dual-functional nanomaterial integrating microbial detection and sterilization capabilities are of great significance for advancing food safety applications. In this work, we synthesized carboxymethyl chitosan coated with spherical silver nanoparticles (CMCS@Ag NPs). CMCS@Ag NPs exhibited improved stability of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signals compared to single silver nanoparticles in the detection of three strains including E. coli, S. aureus and S. putrefaciens. Through deuterium isotope labelling, metabolically active bacterial cells produced characteristic carbon-deuterium (C–D) vibrational signatures detectable by Raman spectroscopy. The spectral overlap between C-D and C–H stretching modes showed concentration-dependent linear responses, achieving a detection sensitivity of 0.64 CFU/mL for E. coli. Meanwhile, different combinations of algorithm were used to pretreatment with the raw Raman spectra, among that adaptive iterative reweighting punishment least square method and moving average smoothing (air-PLS + MAS) sensitively obtain better preprocessing accuracy of the three strains. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to extract characteristic peaks from pretreatment spectra to successfully discriminate the three microorganisms. Furthermore, CMCS@Ag NPs incubated with phosphate-buffered saline (pH ∼ 5.8) exhibited potent antibacterial activity, achieving 99 % reduction in viability for E. coli, S. aureus and S. putrefaciens at a concentration of CFU/mL within 45 min. This work presents a versatile nanomaterial-based strategy for simultaneous pathogen detection and inhibition.
{"title":"Dual-functional carboxymethyl chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles for bacterial detection integrated with spectral processing and sterilization","authors":"Qingyi Wei , Jingjun Chen , Jingxiao Yu , Hongbin Pu","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of a dual-functional nanomaterial integrating microbial detection and sterilization capabilities are of great significance for advancing food safety applications. In this work, we synthesized carboxymethyl chitosan coated with spherical silver nanoparticles (CMCS@Ag NPs). CMCS@Ag NPs exhibited improved stability of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signals compared to single silver nanoparticles in the detection of three strains including <em>E. coli</em>, <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>S. putrefaciens</em>. Through deuterium isotope labelling, metabolically active bacterial cells produced characteristic carbon-deuterium (C–D) vibrational signatures detectable by Raman spectroscopy. The spectral overlap between C-D and C–H stretching modes showed concentration-dependent linear responses, achieving a detection sensitivity of 0.64 CFU/mL for <em>E. coli</em>. Meanwhile, different combinations of algorithm were used to pretreatment with the raw Raman spectra, among that adaptive iterative reweighting punishment least square method and moving average smoothing (air-PLS + MAS) sensitively obtain better preprocessing accuracy of the three strains. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to extract characteristic peaks from pretreatment spectra to successfully discriminate the three microorganisms. Furthermore, CMCS@Ag NPs incubated with phosphate-buffered saline (pH ∼ 5.8) exhibited potent antibacterial activity, achieving 99 % reduction in viability for <em>E. coli</em>, <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>S. putrefaciens</em> at a concentration of <span><math><mrow><mn>5</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mn>7</mn></msup></mrow></math></span> CFU/mL within 45 min. This work presents a versatile nanomaterial-based strategy for simultaneous pathogen detection and inhibition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 126171"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-03DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2025.126176
Yiyan Huang , Zhihong Gong , Miaojie Wu , Zhenkuan Tan , Haichang Ding , Yuan Ji , Congbin Fan , Gang Liu , Shouzhi Pu
Hypochlorite (ClO−) and viscosity play a pivotal role in biological immune defense systems, it has been demonstrated that alterations in ClO− may link to the modifications in intracellular viscosity. Consequently, it is crucial to develop a tool that can accurately assess these changes of ClO− and viscosity concurrently. In this work, a dual-responsive fluorescent probe QM-WV based on the ICT effect for simultaneous detection of ClO− and viscosity was constructed. QM-WV exhibited a signally turn-on fluorescence signal at 552 nm for ClO− with favorable selectivity. Meanwhile, QM-WV displayed an exceptional ‘off–on’ fluorescence response at 650 nm to viscosity changes in glycerol-ethanol system. More importantly, QM-WV is capable of visually detecting ClO− by using smartphone as a portable signal processing device. Based on its low cytotoxicity and stability under physiological conditions, QM-WV further enabled the detection and imaging of ClO− and viscosity in HeLa cells and zebrafish.
{"title":"A novel AIEgen fluorescent probe based on quinoline-malononitrile for monitoring and imaging ClO− and viscosity in biosystem","authors":"Yiyan Huang , Zhihong Gong , Miaojie Wu , Zhenkuan Tan , Haichang Ding , Yuan Ji , Congbin Fan , Gang Liu , Shouzhi Pu","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hypochlorite (ClO<sup>−</sup>) and viscosity play a pivotal role in biological immune defense systems, it has been demonstrated that alterations in ClO<sup>−</sup> may link to the modifications in intracellular viscosity. Consequently, it is crucial to develop a tool that can accurately assess these changes of ClO<sup>−</sup> and viscosity concurrently. In this work, a dual-responsive fluorescent probe <strong>QM-WV</strong> based on the ICT effect for simultaneous detection of ClO<sup>−</sup> and viscosity was constructed. <strong>QM-WV</strong> exhibited a signally turn-on fluorescence signal at 552 nm for ClO<sup>−</sup> with favorable selectivity. Meanwhile, <strong>QM-WV</strong> displayed an exceptional ‘off–on’ fluorescence response at 650 nm to viscosity changes in glycerol-ethanol system. More importantly, <strong>QM-WV</strong> is capable of visually detecting ClO<sup>−</sup> by using smartphone as a portable signal processing device. Based on its low cytotoxicity and stability under physiological conditions, <strong>QM-WV</strong> further enabled the detection and imaging of ClO<sup>−</sup> and viscosity in HeLa cells and zebrafish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 126176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-03DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2025.126172
Yaoyao Wu , Junlin Chen , Shaoen Zhang , Qingzhou Chen , Jianxin Sui , Xiudan Wang , Limin Cao , Kaiqiang Wang
The presence of malachite green (MG) residues in aquatic products poses a significant threat to food safety. While label-free Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technologies have been developed for detecting malachite green, it faces the challenge of limited sensitivity and specificity. A new immunochromatographic assay (ICA) based on SERS method using Au-DTNB@Ag-mAb as an immunoprobe was established for the in-situ, specific, and ultrasensitive detection of MG in fish samples. The immunoprobe was produced by connecting the Raman reporter 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) between the Au-core and Ag-shell and binding the MG monoclonal antibody (mAb) on the surface of the Au-DTNB@Ag NPs. The SERS signal of DTNB on the test line of the ICA strip has been recorded to determine MG quantitatively. The method demonstrated high specificity for MG detection, with a limit of detection as low as 0.1 pg/mL. The SERS-ICA confirmed outstanding results for analyzing actual fish samples with recoveries of 70.93–93.90 %. The study indicated that the SERS-ICA method was able to directly detect MG with excellent sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, and could serve as a potent technique for in-situ analyzing other harmful substances in foods.
{"title":"In-situ, ultrasensitive, and specific detection of malachite green in fishes with handheld Raman spectrometer","authors":"Yaoyao Wu , Junlin Chen , Shaoen Zhang , Qingzhou Chen , Jianxin Sui , Xiudan Wang , Limin Cao , Kaiqiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of malachite green (MG) residues in aquatic products poses a significant threat to food safety. While label-free Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technologies have been developed for detecting malachite green, it faces the challenge of limited sensitivity and specificity. A new immunochromatographic assay (ICA) based on SERS method using Au-DTNB@Ag-mAb as an immunoprobe was established for the in-situ, specific, and ultrasensitive detection of MG in fish samples. The immunoprobe was produced by connecting the Raman reporter 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) between the Au-core and Ag-shell and binding the MG monoclonal antibody (mAb) on the surface of the Au-DTNB@Ag<!--> <!-->NPs. The SERS signal of DTNB on the test line of the ICA strip has been recorded to determine MG quantitatively. The method demonstrated high specificity for MG detection, with a limit of detection as low as 0.1 pg/mL. The SERS-ICA confirmed outstanding results for analyzing actual fish samples with recoveries of 70.93–93.90 %. The study indicated that the SERS-ICA method was able to directly detect MG with excellent sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, and could serve as a potent technique for in-situ analyzing other harmful substances in foods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 126172"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The severe toxicity and widespread distribution of fluoride (F−) and cyanide (CN−) ions in various environmental matrices highlight the urgent need for their efficient and reliable detection methods. In this study, we present a fluorogenic imidazo-phenanthroline based probe (L) for selective detection of F− and CN− in semi-aqueous medium. Probe L exhibits a pronounced ratiometric fluorescence response upon interaction with these anions, driven by hydrogen bonding interaction involving the N–H group of the imidazole moiety. Notably, L enables clear discrimination of CN− from other anions through a distinct color change, with an impressive detection limit in the nanomolar (nM) range. To enhance its practical applicability, paper-based sensing strips embedded with L were developed, effectively detecting CN− and F− under UV light illumination. The probe’s exceptional sensitivity and selectivity could be attributed to the strong acidity of the N–H proton, facilitating efficient hydrogen bonding interactions followed by deprotonation. The binding mechanism was thoroughly investigated using Job’s plot, NMR, and DFT analyses. Additionally, L demonstrated versatility in environmental and biological applications, successfully detecting cyanide and fluoride ions in soil samples and identifying F− in live MCF-7 cell lines via blue fluorescence channel imaging.
{"title":"Imidazo-phenanthroline based ratiometric optical sensing platform for cyanide and fluoride ions","authors":"Nidhi Goswami , Sudhanshu Naithani , Jimmy Mangalam , Vikas Yadav , Saakshi Saini , Partha Roy , Tapas Goswami , Sushil Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The severe toxicity and widespread distribution of fluoride (F<sup>−</sup>) and cyanide (CN<sup>−</sup>) ions in various environmental matrices highlight the urgent need for their efficient and reliable detection methods. In this study, we present a fluorogenic imidazo-phenanthroline based probe (<strong>L</strong>) for selective detection of F<sup>−</sup> and CN<sup>−</sup> in semi-aqueous medium. Probe <strong>L</strong> exhibits a pronounced ratiometric fluorescence response upon interaction with these anions, driven by hydrogen bonding interaction involving the N–H group of the imidazole moiety. Notably, <strong>L</strong> enables clear discrimination of CN<sup>−</sup> from other anions through a distinct color change, with an impressive detection limit in the nanomolar (nM) range. To enhance its practical applicability, paper-based sensing strips embedded with <strong>L</strong> were developed, effectively detecting CN<sup>−</sup> and F<sup>−</sup> under UV light illumination. The probe’s exceptional sensitivity and selectivity could be attributed to the strong acidity of the N–H proton, facilitating efficient hydrogen bonding interactions followed by deprotonation. The binding mechanism was thoroughly investigated using Job’s plot, NMR, and DFT analyses. Additionally, <strong>L</strong> demonstrated versatility in environmental and biological applications, successfully detecting cyanide and fluoride ions in soil samples and identifying F<sup>−</sup> in live MCF-7 cell lines <em>via</em> blue fluorescence channel imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 126123"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-03DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2025.126173
Da-Qian Feng , Wenfeng Zhang , Zhendi Yu , Hengye Li , Bo Fang , Guoliang Liu
The anthracycline including doxorubicin (DOX), daunorubicin (DAU) and mitoxantrone (MTX) plays crucial roles in human health due to their notably clinical efficacy in various malignant tumors. There is few molecular probe and abiotic sensor that can simultaneously discriminate among anthracycline drugs. Herein, a target-response ratiometric and turn-off fluorescent dual-mode platform was designed for simultaneous detection of multiple anticancer drugs based on blue-emitting carbon dots (BCDs). In the presence of anthracycline, specific absorption and formation of the BCDs-anthracycline conjugate was achieved via electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic force, leading to ratiometric signal or quenched fluorescent response, thereby achieving ratiometric or turn-off dual-mode detection. Specifically, the introduction of both DOX and DAU produce ratiometric response of BCDs due to fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and dynamic quenching while MTX only induce reduced fluorescent response attribute to photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and dynamic quenching. The linear range calculated is 1–98, 1–91 and 1–77 μM for DOX, DAU and MTX, respectively, with a limit of detection of 0.02, 0.05 and 0.06 μM. Taking advantage of target-response self-verification ratiometric and sensitive fluorescent detection, the dual-mode platform was proposed and applied for successful discrimination of anthracycline drugs. This study opens a new path for multiplex drugs analysis in a facile and rapid way.
{"title":"A target-response ratiometric or turn-off fluorescent dual-mode platform for simultaneous detection of multiple anticancer drugs","authors":"Da-Qian Feng , Wenfeng Zhang , Zhendi Yu , Hengye Li , Bo Fang , Guoliang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The anthracycline including doxorubicin (DOX), daunorubicin (DAU) and mitoxantrone (MTX) plays crucial roles in human health due to their notably clinical efficacy in various malignant tumors. There is few molecular probe and abiotic sensor that can simultaneously discriminate among anthracycline drugs. Herein, a target-response ratiometric and turn-off fluorescent dual-mode platform was designed for simultaneous detection of multiple anticancer drugs based on blue-emitting carbon dots (BCDs). In the presence of anthracycline, specific absorption and formation of the BCDs-anthracycline conjugate was achieved via electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic force, leading to ratiometric signal or quenched fluorescent response, thereby achieving ratiometric or turn-off dual-mode detection. Specifically, the introduction of both DOX and DAU produce ratiometric response of BCDs due to fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and dynamic quenching while MTX only induce reduced fluorescent response attribute to photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and dynamic quenching. The linear range calculated is 1–98, 1–91 and 1–77 μM for DOX, DAU and MTX, respectively, with a limit of detection of 0.02, 0.05 and 0.06 μM. Taking advantage of target-response self-verification ratiometric and sensitive fluorescent detection, the dual-mode platform was proposed and applied for successful discrimination of anthracycline drugs. This study opens a new path for multiplex drugs analysis in a facile and rapid way.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 126173"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-02DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2025.126170
Jian Zhang , Lingkai Ma , Yujiang Gou , Weihai Xia , Xiangyu Chang , Haijun Liu , Ting An
To date, the intelligent assessment of green pepper quality remains an open question, particularly in aspects of color, as impurities closely resemble green peppers. Here, the hyperspectral imaging technology was employed to acquire the original spectral and image information of green and impurities. Subsequently, the original information was processed, and then trained using the super vector machine (SVM), to construct the green pepper impurity detection model. After training, the constructed model achieved 100% accuracy in the training set and 89.7% accuracy in the testing set, which generally met the application requirements. Visualization images of the constructed model in the application of identification green pepper impurity were prepared and optimized, which significantly achieved relatively satisfactory outcomes. Findings of this case study revealed that the presented strategy would provide a theoretical basis for the intelligent processing of green pepper, especially accelerate the development of impurity detection technology.
{"title":"Detection of green pepper impurities based on hyperspectral imaging technology","authors":"Jian Zhang , Lingkai Ma , Yujiang Gou , Weihai Xia , Xiangyu Chang , Haijun Liu , Ting An","doi":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.saa.2025.126170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To date, the intelligent assessment of green pepper quality remains an open question, particularly in aspects of color, as impurities closely resemble green peppers. Here, the hyperspectral imaging technology was employed to acquire the original spectral and image information of green and impurities. Subsequently, the original information was processed, and then trained using the super vector machine (SVM), to construct the green pepper impurity detection model. After training, the constructed model achieved 100% accuracy in the training set and 89.7% accuracy in the testing set, which generally met the application requirements. Visualization images of the constructed model in the application of identification green pepper impurity were prepared and optimized, which significantly achieved relatively satisfactory outcomes. Findings of this case study revealed that the presented strategy would provide a theoretical basis for the intelligent processing of green pepper, especially accelerate the development of impurity detection technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":433,"journal":{"name":"Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 126170"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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