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Sacred but Undocumented: Meeting the Challenges of Repatriating Poorly Documented Objects 神圣但未记录:迎接遣返记录不良的对象的挑战
IF 0.8 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1111/muan.70028
Jason M. Gibson, Michael Cawthorn, Iain Johnston

What happens when sacred Indigenous objects held in international museums have no clear path home? This paper explores the challenges of repatriating poorly documented Aboriginal secret-sacred objects—known as tywerrenge—to central Australia. Despite limited provenance, these objects remain spiritually potent to Aboriginal custodians. Drawing on a multi-year, Indigenous-led project by AIATSIS, Deakin University, and senior central Australian men, the study consulted over 110 ceremonial leaders across nine language groups. All supported the return of tywerrenge, emphasizing spiritual connection over Western legal frameworks of ownership. Leaders called for repatriation to restore ancestral presence to land and community, not just to return physical items. The project culminated in a regional gathering where leaders advocated for a dedicated museum facility in central Australia, governed through adapted ceremonial protocols. The study demonstrates how Indigenous-led models can reshape global museum practice and promote culturally informed systems of care for sacred objects.

当国际博物馆收藏的土著神圣物品没有明确的归途时,会发生什么?本文探讨了将记录不佳的土著秘密神圣物品(称为tywerrene)送回澳大利亚中部所面临的挑战。尽管来源有限,但这些物品对土著监护人来说仍然具有精神上的力量。该研究借鉴了AIATSIS、迪肯大学和澳大利亚中部资深男性领导的一个多年土著项目,咨询了9个语言群体的110多名礼仪领袖。所有人都支持复仇的回归,强调精神上的联系,而不是西方所有权的法律框架。领导人呼吁遣返是为了恢复祖先对土地和社区的存在,而不仅仅是归还实物。该项目在一次地区聚会中达到高潮,领导人在那里倡导在澳大利亚中部建立一个专门的博物馆设施,通过适应仪式协议进行管理。该研究展示了土著主导的模式如何重塑全球博物馆实践,并促进对圣物的文化关怀系统。
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引用次数: 0
Doing Shaku for Kanchendzonga at the British Museum: Ritual Care and Relationship Repair for Deities and Kin From the Sikkim Himalayas in the Center of Empire 大英博物馆为干城宗伽做释迦:帝国中心锡金喜马拉雅地区神族的仪式关怀与关系修复
IF 0.8 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1111/muan.70026
Kalzang Dorjee Bhutia

I didn't expect to meet Kanchendzonga in a plastic storage container in a British Museum study room. This is the chief mountain deity for my community in the Sikkim Himalayas; we live in his shadow in the valleys of Sikkim, and interact with him through daily rituals. My first response was to engage in a ritual apology that he had been left for so long. My next was to consider how this ritual apology may be extended into an act of ritual care that traces the provenance of this mask as a way to renew relationships between Kanchendzonga and the people of Sikkim, far from the British Museum, as an alternative to the extractive environmental practices underway in the Himalayas. This article contributes to discussions about Indigenous engagement and provenance histories in museum collections, and affirms the importance of ritual care as a form of rematriation.

我没想到会在大英博物馆自习室的一个塑料储物箱里见到干城宗阿。这是我在锡金喜马拉雅地区的主要山神;我们生活在锡金山谷中他的阴影下,通过日常仪式与他互动。我的第一反应是例行地道歉,说他离开了这么久。我接下来要考虑的是,如何将这种仪式上的道歉延伸到一种仪式关怀的行为中,追溯这个面具的来源,以此作为一种方式,来更新Kanchendzonga和锡金人民之间的关系,远离大英博物馆,作为喜马拉雅山脉正在进行的采掘环境实践的替代方案。本文有助于讨论博物馆藏品中的土著参与和出处历史,并肯定仪式护理作为一种归还形式的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
The NAGPRA Decision-Making Process and Praxis: A Case Study of the New Mexico State University Museum NAGPRA决策过程与实践:以新墨西哥州立大学博物馆为例
IF 0.8 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1111/muan.70025
Fumi Arakawa, Stanley Berryman

This article examined the decision-making process and practice of a small academic museum as it strived to comply with the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). Using the New Mexico State University Museum as a case study, it explores key questions related to NAGPRA compliance: How did the NMSU Museum determine that there was insufficient information to identify the specific area from which ancestors (ancestral remains) and belongings (associated funerary objects) originated? How did the museum staff and representatives of federally recognized tribes collaborate to identify a location for reinterment? What insights does this case study offer to help other small museums navigate the NAGPRA consultation and repatriation process? The article concluded with recommendations to assist other small museums in fulfilling their NAGPRA obligations, making this case study a valuable resource for institutions still working toward compliance.

本文考察了一个小型学术博物馆的决策过程和实践,因为它努力遵守美国原住民坟墓保护和遣返法案(NAGPRA)。以新墨西哥州立大学博物馆为例,探讨了与NAGPRA合规性相关的关键问题:新墨西哥州立大学博物馆如何确定没有足够的信息来确定祖先(祖先遗骸)和财产(相关的丧葬物品)起源于特定区域?博物馆工作人员和联邦承认的部落代表是如何合作确定重新埋葬的地点的?这个案例研究为其他小型博物馆在NAGPRA磋商和遣返过程中提供了什么见解?文章最后提出了一些建议,以帮助其他小型博物馆履行其NAGPRA义务,使本案例研究成为仍在努力遵守规定的机构的宝贵资源。
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引用次数: 0
The Arctic—While the Ice is Melting: On Driftwood and Other Transnational Exhibition Stories 北极——当冰在融化:关于浮木和其他跨国展览故事
IF 0.8 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1111/muan.70023
Lotten Gustafsson Reinius, Jon Johansson

The exhibition The Arctic—While the Ice is Melting opened at the Nordic Museum in Stockholm in 2019 and is still on show, describing life in a changing climate and allowing its visitors to encounter several voices and perspectives of the past, present, and future. The three-year preparation for the exhibition involved collaboration between the Nordic Museum and Stockholm University. The museum was able to present transnational narratives with the help of collections spanning larger areas than just the nation-states of the Arctic region, by discussing the use of natural resources, such as driftwood, but also imported goods brought to different places in the Arctic as a result of colonial processes. The exhibition raises awareness of climate change by showing historical daily life in the Arctic in dialogue with contemporary stories from climate scientists and people living in the Arctic today. The subject of climate change transcends individual countries and groups and is showcased with the help of museum collections and contemporary stories in a multitemporal and multidisciplinary weaving of differing knowledges and voices.

2019年,“北极——当冰融化的时候”展览在斯德哥尔摩的北欧博物馆开幕,目前仍在展出,它描述了气候变化中的生活,并让参观者遇到了过去、现在和未来的几种声音和观点。这次展览的筹备工作历时三年,由北欧博物馆和斯德哥尔摩大学合作完成。博物馆能够通过讨论自然资源的使用,如浮木,以及作为殖民过程的结果带到北极不同地方的进口商品,在跨越更大地区的收藏品的帮助下,呈现跨国叙事。该展览通过展示历史上北极的日常生活,与气候科学家和今天生活在北极的人们的故事对话,提高人们对气候变化的认识。气候变化的主题超越了个别国家和团体,并在博物馆藏品和当代故事的帮助下,以不同知识和声音的多时间和多学科编织来展示。
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引用次数: 0
The Siberian Audio Collection of Vilmos Diószegi in Budapest 布达佩斯的Vilmos西伯利亚音频收藏Diószegi
IF 0.8 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1111/muan.70024
István Sántha

This commentary introduces the reader to the Siberian audio collection of the Hungarian ethnologist and researcher of shamanism Vilmos Diószegi (1923–1972). Diószegi conducted four research expeditions to southern Siberia and northern Mongolia, in 1957, 1958, 1960, and 1964, to study the shamanic traditions of Indigenous populations in these regions. During these expeditions, he recorded shamanic narratives and collected materials on shamanic practices from former shamans. The primary sources for this research are the audio recordings preserved in the Museum of Ethnography in Budapest, Diószegi's first workplace, along with other secondary materials, including written documents and ethnographic artifacts. The Museum of Ethnography digitized the audio materials and posted them on the museum's website in 2023 to commemorate the centenary of Diószegi's birth. The materials are of interest to representatives of Indigenous peoples of Siberia, as well as to anthropologists, folklorists, and linguists studying Siberian culture and languages.

这篇评论向读者介绍了匈牙利民族学家和萨满教研究者Vilmos Diószegi(1923-1972)的西伯利亚音频集。Diószegi分别于1957年、1958年、1960年和1964年对西伯利亚南部和蒙古北部进行了四次研究考察,以研究这些地区土著居民的萨满教传统。在这些探险中,他记录了萨满教的故事,并从以前的萨满教徒那里收集了有关萨满教的资料。这项研究的主要来源是保存在布达佩斯民族志博物馆(Diószegi的第一个工作场所)的录音,以及其他次要材料,包括书面文件和民族志文物。民族志博物馆将音频资料数字化,并于2023年在博物馆网站上发布,以纪念Diószegi诞辰100周年。这些材料对西伯利亚土著人民的代表,以及研究西伯利亚文化和语言的人类学家、民俗学家和语言学家都很有兴趣。
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引用次数: 0
Objects as Knowledgeable Elders: Lessons From the Reindeer Calf Halter Mȯnggu̇i 对象作为知识渊博的长者:从驯鹿小牛笼头的教训Mȯnggu i
IF 0.8 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1111/muan.70021
Victoria Soyan Peemot

This article presents ongoing research that reconnects a historical ethnographic collection housed in a European museum with the descendants of its source communities in the transnational Inner Asian region, specifically among the Tozhu and Tukha reindeer herders of the Tyva Republic and Mongolia. Framed through Indigenous research methodologies and grounded in the author's personal linguistic and cultural ties, the study explores how museum objects—once detached from their living context—are being reactivated as sources of memory, identity, and intergenerational knowledge. Focusing on the reindeer calf halter mȯnggu̇i (also written in ethnographic sources as munguĭ, monguĭ), the article illustrates how material culture functions not only as ethnographic evidence but also as a relational conduit that fosters language revitalization, ecological knowledge transmission, and cultural continuity across borders. By attending to the entanglements between language, landscape, and material practices, this research argues for the transformative potential of collaborative museum work in supporting Indigenous futures.

本文介绍了一项正在进行的研究,该研究将欧洲博物馆中的历史民族志收藏品与跨国内亚地区的来源社区后裔重新联系起来,特别是在蒂瓦共和国和蒙古的托朱和图卡驯鹿牧民中。通过土著研究方法的框架,并以作者个人的语言和文化联系为基础,该研究探讨了博物馆物品如何从他们的生活环境中分离出来,作为记忆、身份和代际知识的来源被重新激活。本文以驯鹿小牛笼头mȯnggu * i(在民族志资料中也写为mungu *, mongu *)为重点,阐述了物质文化如何不仅作为民族志证据,而且作为促进语言复兴、生态知识传播和跨国界文化连续性的关系渠道。通过关注语言、景观和物质实践之间的纠缠,本研究论证了协作博物馆工作在支持土著未来方面的变革潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Historical “Koryak-Collection” in the Reiss-Engelhorn Museums in Mannheim, Germany 德国曼海姆Reiss-Engelhorn博物馆的历史“科里亚克收藏”
IF 0.8 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1111/muan.70022
Gudrun Bucher

This article summarizes provenance research regarding a small collection from the Bering Sea region. The items were part of a bigger collection brought together by the painter Gabriel von Max. The city of Mannheim (Germany) purchased it from his heirs in 1917 as the founding collection of a planned museum (today's Reiss-Engelhorn Museums).

本文综述了白令海地区一个小标本的物源研究。这些物品是画家加布里埃尔·冯·马克斯(Gabriel von Max)收藏的更大藏品的一部分。1917年,曼海姆市(德国)从他的继承人手中购买了它,作为一个计划中的博物馆(今天的赖斯-恩格尔霍恩博物馆)的创始收藏品。
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引用次数: 0
“Seen Again”: Ethnography, Immersive Technologies, and Temporality in the Siberian Collections at the Pitt Rivers Museum “再次看到”:人种学,沉浸式技术,和时间性在西伯利亚收藏在皮特河博物馆
IF 0.8 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1111/muan.70020
Anya Gleizer, Jaanika Vider, Pablo Fernández Velasco

This paper proposes Virtual Reality (VR) and 360 film as promising fieldwork tools for addressing problematic temporalities in ethnographic museums and for collaborating with communities of origin. Focusing on the Maria Czaplicka Siberian collections at the Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford, we examine how previous methods of display marginalized the Evenki by denying their coevalness. Drawing on research in Evenkia in 2019 (part of the project Wandering in Other Worlds, Talking with the Spirits), we then analyze the potential of immersive technologies as fieldwork tools. While cautioning against the dangers of blindly trusting the promises of “empathy-production” and “immersion,” we emphasize ways in which immersive technologies can facilitate the decentering of “western” observational focus. We discuss how carrying the museum into the field via VR helped to challenge the observer-observed relationship prevalent in the museum. Studying how community members chose to share, create, and “re-see” their own footage, we further argue that the cocreation of VR/360 film with communities from Baǐkit, Surinda, Chirinda, Tura, and Sulomay destabilized temporalities prevalent in the Pitt Rivers Museum, facilitating a shift toward an Evenki, helical timeline.

本文提出虚拟现实(VR)和360电影作为有前途的实地考察工具,用于解决民族志博物馆中有问题的时间性,并与原籍社区合作。以牛津皮特河博物馆(Pitt Rivers Museum)的玛丽亚·查普利卡(Maria Czaplicka)西伯利亚藏品为重点,我们研究了以前的展示方法是如何通过否认他们的同一性而边缘化埃文基人的。根据2019年在埃文基亚进行的研究(“漫游在其他世界,与灵魂交谈”项目的一部分),我们分析了沉浸式技术作为实地工作工具的潜力。在警告盲目相信“移情生产”和“沉浸”承诺的危险的同时,我们强调沉浸式技术可以促进“西方”观察焦点的分散化。我们讨论了如何通过VR将博物馆带入现场,帮助挑战博物馆中普遍存在的观察者-被观察者关系。研究社区成员如何选择分享、创作和“重新观看”他们自己的镜头,我们进一步认为,与Baǐkit、Surinda、Chirinda、Tura和Sulomay社区共同创作VR/360电影破坏了皮特河博物馆普遍存在的时间性,促进了向Evenki螺旋时间线的转变。
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引用次数: 0
“Room of the Nudes”: Indian Museum and the Practice of Anthropology in India “裸体之屋”:印度博物馆与人类学在印度的实践
IF 0.8 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1111/muan.70019
Sandipan Mitra

Scholars of the history of anthropology in Western countries have called the museum “the institutional homeland” of the discipline. They have analyzed the prominent role played by museum collections in the development of anthropology as a discipline in the nineteenth century. Art historians and historians of empire have extensively explored the Victorian preoccupation with collection, classification, conservation, and display in the context of India. But scholars of the history of anthropology have ignored the constitutive role of museum collections in the making of anthropology in India. This article fills that lacuna by scrutinizing the evolving relationship between the anthropological collection of the oldest and largest multidisciplinary encyclopedic museum of India and the science of humankind. It examines how the anthropological collection of the Indian Museum, amassed by colonial administrators over the nineteenth century, came to act as the exhibitionary incarnation of the theory of racial classification of the people of India, and it then unravels how the university-based Indian anthropologists engaged with the same collection in the mid-twentieth century. In so doing, it foregrounds how the relationship between the museum and the discipline was intertwined with the ideologies of colonialism and nationalism.

西方人类学史学者把博物馆称为人类学的“制度家园”。他们分析了博物馆藏品在19世纪人类学作为一门学科的发展中所起的突出作用。艺术史学家和帝国史学家广泛探索了维多利亚时代对印度背景下的收藏、分类、保护和展示的关注。但是,研究人类学历史的学者们忽视了博物馆藏品在印度人类学形成过程中的构成作用。本文通过仔细研究印度最古老、最大的多学科百科全书博物馆的人类学收藏与人类科学之间不断发展的关系来填补这一空白。它考察了印度博物馆的人类学藏品是如何在19世纪由殖民统治者积累起来的,成为印度人民种族分类理论的展览化身,然后揭示了在20世纪中期,大学里的印度人类学家是如何处理同样的藏品的。在这样做的过程中,它突出了博物馆和学科之间的关系如何与殖民主义和民族主义的意识形态交织在一起。
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引用次数: 0
Between Shadows and Silence: Reassessing the Role of the Wayang Museum in Jakarta’s Urban Cultural Landscape 在阴影与寂静之间:重新评估Wayang博物馆在雅加达城市文化景观中的角色
IF 0.8 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1111/muan.70018
Eka Yusup, Reddy Anggara, Lukmanul Hakim
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引用次数: 0
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Museum Anthropology
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