Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.55766/sujst-2023-05-e01360
Kanya Kosum, W. Arjharn, P. Liplap
This research aimed to study how to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas generated during the production process of UHT coconut milk in Thailand. The system boundary was defined from cradle to gate, starting from whole coconut until coconut milk production by using life cycle assessment methodology based on ISO 14040. The study was divided into three groups: 1) greenhouse gas emission from the baseline process, 2) greenhouse gas emission from the co-product development process, and 3) greenhouse gas emission from biogas wastewater treatment systems used for electricity generation. For the baseline case, it was found that during the production of 1 kg of UHT coconut milk, the highest GHG emissions came from raw material procurement (78.55%) followed by the production process (18.54%). Electric power consumption included electricity consumption in the production process (0.59%) and the support system (41%). In addition, the electrical energy consumption for baseline processing and the co-product model from biogas was decreased and directly led to a decrease in greenhouse gas emissions and a reduction in carbon for the production process.
本研究旨在探讨如何减少泰国超高温灭菌椰奶生产过程中产生的温室气体数量。通过使用基于 ISO 14040 的生命周期评估方法，确定了从整个椰子到椰奶生产的 "从摇篮到大门 "的系统边界。研究分为三组：1）基准工艺的温室气体排放；2）副产品开发工艺的温室气体排放；3）用于发电的沼气废水处理系统的温室气体排放。在基准案例中，我们发现在生产 1 千克超高温灭菌椰奶的过程中，温室气体排放量最高的是原材料采购（78.55%），其次是生产过程（18.54%）。电力消耗包括生产过程（0.59%）和辅助系统（41%）的电力消耗。此外，基线加工和沼气副产品模型的电能消耗减少，直接导致了温室气体排放量的减少和生产过程中碳的减少。
{"title":"REDUCTION IN GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FROM COCONUT MILK PRODUCTION PLANTS IN THAILAND","authors":"Kanya Kosum, W. Arjharn, P. Liplap","doi":"10.55766/sujst-2023-05-e01360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2023-05-e01360","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to study how to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas generated during the production process of UHT coconut milk in Thailand. The system boundary was defined from cradle to gate, starting from whole coconut until coconut milk production by using life cycle assessment methodology based on ISO 14040. The study was divided into three groups: 1) greenhouse gas emission from the baseline process, 2) greenhouse gas emission from the co-product development process, and 3) greenhouse gas emission from biogas wastewater treatment systems used for electricity generation. For the baseline case, it was found that during the production of 1 kg of UHT coconut milk, the highest GHG emissions came from raw material procurement (78.55%) followed by the production process (18.54%). Electric power consumption included electricity consumption in the production process (0.59%) and the support system (41%). In addition, the electrical energy consumption for baseline processing and the co-product model from biogas was decreased and directly led to a decrease in greenhouse gas emissions and a reduction in carbon for the production process.","PeriodicalId":43478,"journal":{"name":"Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sickle cell disease among students of Anand People’s Medicare Society (APMS) using cost-effective screening methods and confirming the results with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A total of 395 students from Anand, Gujarat, were screened using the sickling test and solubility test as primary screening methods. Haemoglobinopathies carriers were diagnosed and confirmed using HPLC at the Indian Red Cross Society, State Branch in Ahmedabad. Complete hemogram analysis was performed, and the results were tabulated and analyzed. The results indicated that HPLC exhibited 100% sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, while the sickling test demonstrated a sensitivity of 66.66%, specificity of 97.90%, and accuracy of 97.21%. The solubility test showed a sensitivity of 53.84%, specificity of 96.85%, and accuracy of 95.44%. HPLC had a 100% positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV), whereas the sickling test had a PPV of 55.55% and NPV of 99.20%. The solubility test yielded a PPV of 36.84% and NPV of 98.40%. In conclusion, the sickling test and solubility test are cost-effective and easily conducted, with the sickling test providing more reliable results with higher sensitivity and specificity compared to the solubility test. HPLC is considered the gold standard test for screening.
{"title":"PREVALENCE OF SICKLE CELL ANEMIA IN YOUTH BY COST EFFECTIVE STRATEGY ALONG WITH HPLC","authors":"Minal Chetan Thakkar, Hitesh Natvarlal Shah, Prakashbhai Hirabhai Parma, Smit Kirtikumar Sukhadiya","doi":"10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e03091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e03091","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sickle cell disease among students of Anand People’s Medicare Society (APMS) using cost-effective screening methods and confirming the results with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A total of 395 students from Anand, Gujarat, were screened using the sickling test and solubility test as primary screening methods. Haemoglobinopathies carriers were diagnosed and confirmed using HPLC at the Indian Red Cross Society, State Branch in Ahmedabad. Complete hemogram analysis was performed, and the results were tabulated and analyzed. The results indicated that HPLC exhibited 100% sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, while the sickling test demonstrated a sensitivity of 66.66%, specificity of 97.90%, and accuracy of 97.21%. The solubility test showed a sensitivity of 53.84%, specificity of 96.85%, and accuracy of 95.44%. HPLC had a 100% positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV), whereas the sickling test had a PPV of 55.55% and NPV of 99.20%. The solubility test yielded a PPV of 36.84% and NPV of 98.40%. In conclusion, the sickling test and solubility test are cost-effective and easily conducted, with the sickling test providing more reliable results with higher sensitivity and specificity compared to the solubility test. HPLC is considered the gold standard test for screening.","PeriodicalId":43478,"journal":{"name":"Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138955886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e03093
Xia Li, W. Kongsuwan, K. Yodchai
Peaceful dying process is considered as an important outcome of high-quality of palliative care and end-of-life care. To meet the patients’ needs of peaceful end of life, appropriate nurses’ practice of peaceful end-of-life care is demanded. However, no specific instrument was found to assess nurses’ practice of peaceful end-of-life care. This paper aims to report a preliminary development of an instrument to measure practice of peaceful end-of-life care among nurses. Theory of Peaceful End of Life developed by Ruland and Moore was employed as a framework in initial creating 30 item questionnaires of Nurses’ Practice of Peaceful End of Life Instrument (NP-PECI) in English language. The steps of validating contents of questionnaires were followed. Three experts in this area were reviewed and gave comments on each item. Content Validity Index (CVI) was evaluated and its average value was 0.94. Some unclear language items were revised. A pilot study in 60 Chinese nurses in a community hospital was done during March, 2021. The reliability of the NP-PECI was measured by using internal consistence reliability in which Cronbach’s alpha was 0.973. The result of this pilot study showed that the NP-PECI with 30 items was valid and reliable. However, rigorous evaluation of psychometric properties of this instrument will be recommended in a large sample size.
安详的死亡过程被认为是高质量姑息治疗和临终关怀的重要成果。为满足患者安详临终的需求，需要护士开展适当的安详临终护理实践。然而，目前尚未发现评估护士安宁临终护理实践的具体工具。本文旨在报告护士安宁临终护理实践测量工具的初步开发情况。以 Ruland 和 Moore 提出的 "安宁临终 "理论为框架，初步编制了英文版的 "护士安宁临终护理实践问卷"（Nurses' Practice of Peaceful End of Life Instrument，NP-PECI），共 30 个项目。问卷内容的验证步骤如下。三位该领域的专家对每个项目进行了审查并给出了意见。对内容效度指数（CVI）进行了评估，其平均值为 0.94。对一些语言不清晰的项目进行了修订。2021 年 3 月，对一家社区医院的 60 名中国护士进行了试点研究。NP-PECI 的信度采用内部一致性信度进行测量，Cronbach's alpha 为 0.973。试点研究结果表明，包含 30 个项目的 NP-PECI 是有效和可靠的。不过，我们建议在大样本量的情况下对该工具的心理测量特性进行严格评估。
{"title":"PRELIMINARY DEVELOPMENT OF NURSES’ PRACTICE OF PEACEFUL END-OF-LIFE CARE INSTRUMENT (NP-PECI)","authors":"Xia Li, W. Kongsuwan, K. Yodchai","doi":"10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e03093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e03093","url":null,"abstract":"Peaceful dying process is considered as an important outcome of high-quality of palliative care and end-of-life care. To meet the patients’ needs of peaceful end of life, appropriate nurses’ practice of peaceful end-of-life care is demanded. However, no specific instrument was found to assess nurses’ practice of peaceful end-of-life care. This paper aims to report a preliminary development of an instrument to measure practice of peaceful end-of-life care among nurses. Theory of Peaceful End of Life developed by Ruland and Moore was employed as a framework in initial creating 30 item questionnaires of Nurses’ Practice of Peaceful End of Life Instrument (NP-PECI) in English language. The steps of validating contents of questionnaires were followed. Three experts in this area were reviewed and gave comments on each item. Content Validity Index (CVI) was evaluated and its average value was 0.94. Some unclear language items were revised. A pilot study in 60 Chinese nurses in a community hospital was done during March, 2021. The reliability of the NP-PECI was measured by using internal consistence reliability in which Cronbach’s alpha was 0.973. The result of this pilot study showed that the NP-PECI with 30 items was valid and reliable. However, rigorous evaluation of psychometric properties of this instrument will be recommended in a large sample size.","PeriodicalId":43478,"journal":{"name":"Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138955735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dibenzoxazepine (CR) molecule is highly toxic gas, therefore, the development of highly sensitive materials for their adsorption and detection is desirable. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation was performed to study the adsorption behavior of CR gas on the pristine and transition metal (TM=Sc, Ti, Y, Zr, La, and Hf) –doped silicon carbide nanotubes (SiCNT) at both Si and C sites. The most stable adsorption configurations, adsorption distances, adsorption energies, charge transfers, energy gaps, orbital distributions, and density of states are obtained to understand the impacts of CR gas on the adsorption abilities and electronic properties of the pristine and TM–doped SiCNT surfaces. The results show that the pristine SiCNT exhibits low adsorption ability to CR gas. Conversely, the SiCNT doping with TM atom at Si and C sites enhances adsorption ability to CR gas. The strong adsorption of CR gas on TM–doped SiCNT surface is due to more favorable orbital interaction as well as shorter adsorption distance and larger charge transfer than pristine SiCNT. Moreover, the results reveal that the adsorption of CR gas significant changes in the electronic properties of TM–doped SiCNT. Therefore, the doping of TM atoms on SiCNT at both Si and C sites could enhance the adsorption ability and suitable for use as sensors for detecting CR gas.
二苯并氧氮杂卓（CR）分子是一种剧毒气体，因此需要开发高灵敏度的吸附和检测材料。研究人员通过密度泛函理论（DFT）计算，研究了 CR 气体在原始碳化硅纳米管（SiCNT）和过渡金属（TM=Sc、Ti、Y、Zr、La 和 Hf）掺杂碳化硅纳米管（SiCNT）的 Si 和 C 位点上的吸附行为。通过获得最稳定的吸附构型、吸附距离、吸附能、电荷转移、能隙、轨道分布和状态密度，了解 CR 气体对原始碳化硅纳米管和掺杂 TM 的碳化硅纳米管表面的吸附能力和电子特性的影响。结果表明，原始 SiCNT 对 CR 气体的吸附能力较低。相反，在 Si 和 C 位点掺杂 TM 原子的 SiCNT 增强了对 CR 气体的吸附能力。与原始 SiCNT 相比，掺杂 TM 原子的 SiCNT 表面具有更有利的轨道相互作用、更短的吸附距离和更大的电荷转移，因而对 CR 气体具有更强的吸附能力。此外，研究结果表明，吸附 CR 气体会显著改变掺杂 TM 的 SiCNT 的电子特性。因此，在 SiCNT 的 Si 和 C 位点上掺杂 TM 原子可以增强吸附能力，适合用作检测 CR 气体的传感器。
{"title":"ADSORPTION OF DIBENZOXAZEPINE GAS ON TRANSITION METAL-DOPED SILICON CARBIDE NANOTUBES: A THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION","authors":"Chanukorn Tabtimsai, Chonpakorn Bootwong, Thanakrit Saramakhom, Banchob Wanno","doi":"10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e0176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e0176","url":null,"abstract":"Dibenzoxazepine (CR) molecule is highly toxic gas, therefore, the development of highly sensitive materials for their adsorption and detection is desirable. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation was performed to study the adsorption behavior of CR gas on the pristine and transition metal (TM=Sc, Ti, Y, Zr, La, and Hf) –doped silicon carbide nanotubes (SiCNT) at both Si and C sites. The most stable adsorption configurations, adsorption distances, adsorption energies, charge transfers, energy gaps, orbital distributions, and density of states are obtained to understand the impacts of CR gas on the adsorption abilities and electronic properties of the pristine and TM–doped SiCNT surfaces. The results show that the pristine SiCNT exhibits low adsorption ability to CR gas. Conversely, the SiCNT doping with TM atom at Si and C sites enhances adsorption ability to CR gas. The strong adsorption of CR gas on TM–doped SiCNT surface is due to more favorable orbital interaction as well as shorter adsorption distance and larger charge transfer than pristine SiCNT. Moreover, the results reveal that the adsorption of CR gas significant changes in the electronic properties of TM–doped SiCNT. Therefore, the doping of TM atoms on SiCNT at both Si and C sites could enhance the adsorption ability and suitable for use as sensors for detecting CR gas.","PeriodicalId":43478,"journal":{"name":"Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138955652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e03030
Amarpreet Singh, Sandeep Singh, Alok Aggarwal
In today’s era, traffic congestion is the widest spread problem observed all over the world, arising as consequence of exponential rise in vehicle count at the traffic intersections. This growth has largely affected the people as they are experiencing enhanced delay in travelling time and increased fuel consumption which led to wastage of billions of dollars. The current road infrastructure design and traffic signal controlling using a cycle of fixed time phase of green/red/yellow lights are not adequate to tackle the rising demands of traffic in an optimum way. These traditional traffic signal systems cannot handle the dynamics of road traffic at the intersections and hence results in exceeding delays. Also, the volume of traffic at any intersection at different times of the day is uncertain and hence it is hard to get an exact mathematical model for this problem. Many researchers have proposed some solution to this problem and their work is reviewed extensively in this paper. Due to its ability to deal with uncertainty, fuzzy logic is considered as the most appropriate technique to solve this problem and is highly recommended method for implementing automated traffic controllers. Due to its inherent advantages, most of the research in the field of traffic engineering is carried out using fuzzy logic techniques. Hence, this paper presents a systematic review of various techniques that are used for an effective management of traffic, especially focusing on different fuzzy based traffic controllers and their performance comparison to identify the best input output parameter.
{"title":"ADAPTIVE TRAFFIC SYSTEM CONTROLLERS IN TRAFFIC ENGINEERING : A SURVEY","authors":"Amarpreet Singh, Sandeep Singh, Alok Aggarwal","doi":"10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e03030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e03030","url":null,"abstract":"In today’s era, traffic congestion is the widest spread problem observed all over the world, arising as consequence of exponential rise in vehicle count at the traffic intersections. This growth has largely affected the people as they are experiencing enhanced delay in travelling time and increased fuel consumption which led to wastage of billions of dollars. The current road infrastructure design and traffic signal controlling using a cycle of fixed time phase of green/red/yellow lights are not adequate to tackle the rising demands of traffic in an optimum way. These traditional traffic signal systems cannot handle the dynamics of road traffic at the intersections and hence results in exceeding delays. Also, the volume of traffic at any intersection at different times of the day is uncertain and hence it is hard to get an exact mathematical model for this problem. Many researchers have proposed some solution to this problem and their work is reviewed extensively in this paper. Due to its ability to deal with uncertainty, fuzzy logic is considered as the most appropriate technique to solve this problem and is highly recommended method for implementing automated traffic controllers. Due to its inherent advantages, most of the research in the field of traffic engineering is carried out using fuzzy logic techniques. Hence, this paper presents a systematic review of various techniques that are used for an effective management of traffic, especially focusing on different fuzzy based traffic controllers and their performance comparison to identify the best input output parameter.","PeriodicalId":43478,"journal":{"name":"Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e0113
Pinakkumar Ramanuj, Harishkumar Varia, Ami Shah, Arvindkumar M Jain
Mode choice behavior of the inter-regional public transport passengers is important for proficient planning and operation of transport systems in developing countries. It is the responsibility of the authority to satisfy the demand for long regional trips having a significant movement of passengers by providing efficient public transport services. Most of the studies for the mode choice behavior of the passengers have been done for the urban mass transport within the urban conglomerate. The study aims to improve knowledge of the factor affecting passengers' decisions on the mode of travel for inter-regional public transportation in India. The Multinomial Logit (MNL) model and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models among Gujarat State Road Transport Corporation (GSRTC) buses, Railways, and privately operated buses were developed for the trips between Surat city and Bhavnagar region of Gujarat, India. The final ANN model reflects a difference of attributes has 90.52% mode prediction capability against 70.11% of the MNL model. The developed model gives the proper insight for improving the transportation facilities in the region. It is revealed that the improvement in the service level and egress parameters are more important to attract travelers. The sleeper seat availability, lesser travel cost, lesser egress distance, and availability of night journey have been found important during travelers' thinking process to select the traveling mode. There are 13.1% and 20.1% rises in the probability of choosing GSRTC bus and train mode, respectively, with the improvement in the service level. Moreover, the GSRTC bus should improve its connectivity.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF MODE CHOICE BEHAVIOR MODEL FOR INTER-REGIONAL PUBLIC TRANSPORT– A CASE STUDY OF INDIA","authors":"Pinakkumar Ramanuj, Harishkumar Varia, Ami Shah, Arvindkumar M Jain","doi":"10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e0113","url":null,"abstract":"Mode choice behavior of the inter-regional public transport passengers is important for proficient planning and operation of transport systems in developing countries. It is the responsibility of the authority to satisfy the demand for long regional trips having a significant movement of passengers by providing efficient public transport services. Most of the studies for the mode choice behavior of the passengers have been done for the urban mass transport within the urban conglomerate. The study aims to improve knowledge of the factor affecting passengers' decisions on the mode of travel for inter-regional public transportation in India. The Multinomial Logit (MNL) model and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models among Gujarat State Road Transport Corporation (GSRTC) buses, Railways, and privately operated buses were developed for the trips between Surat city and Bhavnagar region of Gujarat, India. The final ANN model reflects a difference of attributes has 90.52% mode prediction capability against 70.11% of the MNL model. The developed model gives the proper insight for improving the transportation facilities in the region. It is revealed that the improvement in the service level and egress parameters are more important to attract travelers. The sleeper seat availability, lesser travel cost, lesser egress distance, and availability of night journey have been found important during travelers' thinking process to select the traveling mode. There are 13.1% and 20.1% rises in the probability of choosing GSRTC bus and train mode, respectively, with the improvement in the service level. Moreover, the GSRTC bus should improve its connectivity.","PeriodicalId":43478,"journal":{"name":"Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138997863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-14DOI: 10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e02353
M. F. Hama, M. P. Anwar, T. L. Lau
With the increase of the world’s population, industrial development and the construction of housebuilding and infrastructure activities, the demand for construction material is increasing. Disposals of agricultural waste have been making serious damages to the environment. Thus, by replacing the conventional raw materials used in concrete today by agricultural waste will intensely decrease unwanted impacts caused by the current concrete industry. A novel replacement for the conventional aggregate in the past 4 decades has been the utilization of oil palm shells (OPS) in concrete. This paper reviews published reports on OPS being used as aggregate for concrete in its current stand. Physical properties of OPS, fresh properties of OPSC, mechanical properties of OPSC, Structural behaviour and OPS with other materials have all been reviewed in this paper. Recently, however, development in high yield oil palm fruit has led to waning compressive strengths. This review also indicates the necessity for new investigations based on the new fruit breeding type of oil palm tree which is known as Tenera OPS.
{"title":"OIL PALM SHELL CONCRETE (OPSC): A SHORT REVIEW","authors":"M. F. Hama, M. P. Anwar, T. L. Lau","doi":"10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e02353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e02353","url":null,"abstract":"With the increase of the world’s population, industrial development and the construction of housebuilding and infrastructure activities, the demand for construction material is increasing. Disposals of agricultural waste have been making serious damages to the environment. Thus, by replacing the conventional raw materials used in concrete today by agricultural waste will intensely decrease unwanted impacts caused by the current concrete industry. A novel replacement for the conventional aggregate in the past 4 decades has been the utilization of oil palm shells (OPS) in concrete. This paper reviews published reports on OPS being used as aggregate for concrete in its current stand. Physical properties of OPS, fresh properties of OPSC, mechanical properties of OPSC, Structural behaviour and OPS with other materials have all been reviewed in this paper. Recently, however, development in high yield oil palm fruit has led to waning compressive strengths. This review also indicates the necessity for new investigations based on the new fruit breeding type of oil palm tree which is known as Tenera OPS.","PeriodicalId":43478,"journal":{"name":"Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139001870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-14DOI: 10.55766/sujst-2023-05-e03038
N. Luewarasirikul, J. Rajagukguk, J. Kaewkhao
This study aims to determine the effect of neodymium concentration on barium sodium borate glasses. The glass samples were fabricated using the melt-quenching technique for analyzing the physical properties, absorption spectra, and NIR emission spectra. The twelve absorption bands increased with the increase in Nd3+ concentration. The most intense absorption band is centered at 583 nm (corresponding to the 4I9/2→4G5/2 transition), which is chosen to investigate the NIR emission spectra. The NIR emission spectra exhibited the most intense emission band at 1,077 nm under 583 nm excitation wavelength, corresponding to the 4F3/2→4I11/2 transition, respectively. The maximum NIR emission intensity was observed at the glass sample with 2 mol% of Nd3+. The NIR emission spectra and the results from Judd-Ofelt theory confirm that 2 mol% of Nd3+-doped Ba-Na-B glasses with a 1,077 nm emission in this work might be used as an NIR laser medium material.
{"title":"ND3+-DOPED BORATE GLASSES DEVELOPMENT FOR EFFICIENT NIR LASER MEDIUM MATERIAL","authors":"N. Luewarasirikul, J. Rajagukguk, J. Kaewkhao","doi":"10.55766/sujst-2023-05-e03038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2023-05-e03038","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the effect of neodymium concentration on barium sodium borate glasses. The glass samples were fabricated using the melt-quenching technique for analyzing the physical properties, absorption spectra, and NIR emission spectra. The twelve absorption bands increased with the increase in Nd3+ concentration. The most intense absorption band is centered at 583 nm (corresponding to the 4I9/2→4G5/2 transition), which is chosen to investigate the NIR emission spectra. The NIR emission spectra exhibited the most intense emission band at 1,077 nm under 583 nm excitation wavelength, corresponding to the 4F3/2→4I11/2 transition, respectively. The maximum NIR emission intensity was observed at the glass sample with 2 mol% of Nd3+. The NIR emission spectra and the results from Judd-Ofelt theory confirm that 2 mol% of Nd3+-doped Ba-Na-B glasses with a 1,077 nm emission in this work might be used as an NIR laser medium material.","PeriodicalId":43478,"journal":{"name":"Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139002038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-14DOI: 10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e03039
Daniel Uwaremhevho Momodu
Textile fibres find application in many fields, such as; Apparel manufacturing, Medical, Agriculture, Packaging, Civil construction, Shipping. Some of these fibres lack special characteristics required for some specific application without any additional treatment. Large scale production of linen fibre has been limited by the tendency of the fibre to absorb water, degradation by micro-organisms and sunlight. These factors ultimately lower the strength and the service life of the fibre. Hence, the need to improve the hydrophobicity of natural linen fibre before application. Poor dye-fibre interaction has been an area of constant interest in the textile industry. This has been expressed by bleeding, crocking, bleaching of fabric resulting to fading of the fabric. These shortcomings are sometimes due to poor treatment, manufacturing processes and customer handling. Natural linen fiber is an eco-friendly ligno-cellulosic fiber known for its strength, resistance to degradation, hydrophobicity when pointedly modified. In this research, chemical modification of scoured and bleached linen fibre by Acetylation, Methylation and Benzoylation was carried out. The chemically modified fibres were evaluated by techniques such as SEM and FTIR spectroscopy. The mechanical property (strength) was determined after each modification. The result obtained revealed an absorption band at 3432 cm-1 - 3450 cm-1 confirming the OH group in the linen fibre. The band at 704 cm-1 indicated the presence of a benzene ring from benzoyl chloride. The chemical modification changed the morphology of the linen fibre for improved dye–fibre interaction. The chemically modified species were dyed and further subjected to a dye fastness test. The results revealed at 4.33a ± 0.69, 5.00a ± 0.00 and 4.67a ± 0.58 as against3.00a±1.00, 3.33a±0.58 and 2.67a±0.58 for light fastness, wash fastness and rub fastness respectively when subjected to ANOVA analysis. In conclusion, benzoylated linen fibre was observed to most improved dye-fibre interaction.
{"title":"SURFACE FUNCTIONALIZATION OF LINEN FIBER AND ITS DYE-FASTNESS ASSESSMENT USING (4-[(E)-(4-AMINO-2-HYDROXYPHENYL) DIAZENYL] BENZENE- 1-SULPHONIC ACID AND 4-[(E)-(4-{(Z)-[4-(DIMETHYLAMINO) PHENYL] DIAZENYL}-2-HYDROXYPHENYL) DIAZENYL] BENZENE-1-SULPHONIC ACI","authors":"Daniel Uwaremhevho Momodu","doi":"10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e03039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2023-03-e03039","url":null,"abstract":"Textile fibres find application in many fields, such as; Apparel manufacturing, Medical, Agriculture, Packaging, Civil construction, Shipping. Some of these fibres lack special characteristics required for some specific application without any additional treatment. Large scale production of linen fibre has been limited by the tendency of the fibre to absorb water, degradation by micro-organisms and sunlight. These factors ultimately lower the strength and the service life of the fibre. Hence, the need to improve the hydrophobicity of natural linen fibre before application. Poor dye-fibre interaction has been an area of constant interest in the textile industry. This has been expressed by bleeding, crocking, bleaching of fabric resulting to fading of the fabric. These shortcomings are sometimes due to poor treatment, manufacturing processes and customer handling. Natural linen fiber is an eco-friendly ligno-cellulosic fiber known for its strength, resistance to degradation, hydrophobicity when pointedly modified. In this research, chemical modification of scoured and bleached linen fibre by Acetylation, Methylation and Benzoylation was carried out. The chemically modified fibres were evaluated by techniques such as SEM and FTIR spectroscopy. The mechanical property (strength) was determined after each modification. The result obtained revealed an absorption band at 3432 cm-1 - 3450 cm-1 confirming the OH group in the linen fibre. The band at 704 cm-1 indicated the presence of a benzene ring from benzoyl chloride. The chemical modification changed the morphology of the linen fibre for improved dye–fibre interaction. The chemically modified species were dyed and further subjected to a dye fastness test. The results revealed at 4.33a ± 0.69, 5.00a ± 0.00 and 4.67a ± 0.58 as against3.00a±1.00, 3.33a±0.58 and 2.67a±0.58 for light fastness, wash fastness and rub fastness respectively when subjected to ANOVA analysis. In conclusion, benzoylated linen fibre was observed to most improved dye-fibre interaction.","PeriodicalId":43478,"journal":{"name":"Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139002945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-14DOI: 10.55766/sujst-2023-05-e02930
Archusuek Mameekul, A. Vora–ud, Surasak Ruamruk, W. Namhongsa, P. Pilasuta, K. Singsoog, S. Thaowankaew, T. Seetawan
In this study, we designed and fabricated of thermoelectric solid-state air conditioner (TESSAC) within 400 BTU/hour by using a thermoelectric cooling (TEC) module (model: TEC1-12710) for 3 modules. Thermal management was carried out with the aluminum water-to-radiator system through the liquid moly coolant for controlling the temperature on the hot side of the TEC module. The cooling performance and electrical power were measured during the operating system as performed in one cubic meter for 3 h. According to the experimental results, the TEC1-12710 of one module could be generated cooling by decreasing the temperature to -8.5oC. After useful TEC of 3 modules as useful TESSAC fabrication, TESSAC could be cooled at the cold side around 9.3°C, then the temperature at the center simulation room is around 27.5°C within the ambient temperature of 33.5°C. The coefficient of performance (COP) of TESSAC was calculated to be obtained around 5.5 with the AC power used of 202.31 W.
{"title":"DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF THERMOELECTRIC SOLID-STATE AIR CONDITIONER","authors":"Archusuek Mameekul, A. Vora–ud, Surasak Ruamruk, W. Namhongsa, P. Pilasuta, K. Singsoog, S. Thaowankaew, T. Seetawan","doi":"10.55766/sujst-2023-05-e02930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2023-05-e02930","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we designed and fabricated of thermoelectric solid-state air conditioner (TESSAC) within 400 BTU/hour by using a thermoelectric cooling (TEC) module (model: TEC1-12710) for 3 modules. Thermal management was carried out with the aluminum water-to-radiator system through the liquid moly coolant for controlling the temperature on the hot side of the TEC module. The cooling performance and electrical power were measured during the operating system as performed in one cubic meter for 3 h. According to the experimental results, the TEC1-12710 of one module could be generated cooling by decreasing the temperature to -8.5oC. After useful TEC of 3 modules as useful TESSAC fabrication, TESSAC could be cooled at the cold side around 9.3°C, then the temperature at the center simulation room is around 27.5°C within the ambient temperature of 33.5°C. The coefficient of performance (COP) of TESSAC was calculated to be obtained around 5.5 with the AC power used of 202.31 W.","PeriodicalId":43478,"journal":{"name":"Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138971564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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