Abstract The paper proposes technical solutions for the use of the reagent method of water preparation at coke plants in order to bring it to a quality suitable for use in the circulating water supply system of the PJSC Kharkiv Coke Plan. It is proposed to dilute phenolic water in a biochemical installation in a mixer before purification and to purify water with a flocculant. The paper recommends dosing the flocculant solution automatically using a preparation station. Additional purification of the clarified water is carried out using a filtration unit with a filter media from a layer of quartz sand. The economic effect from the implementation of the technical measures is achieved not only due to the reduction in fresh water consumption by 60 540 m3/year and the cessation of the discharge of phenolic water into the city sewer network, but also the replacement of the reagent with a more efficient one and a decrease in its consumption. It has been found that the introduction of the technical solutions for the circulating water supply system is economically and environmentally justifiable.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of the Implementation of Research Results in a Technological Scheme of Water Purification","authors":"O. Galkina, Sergiy Kunytskyi, Tamara Shevchenko","doi":"10.2478/sjce-2022-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2022-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper proposes technical solutions for the use of the reagent method of water preparation at coke plants in order to bring it to a quality suitable for use in the circulating water supply system of the PJSC Kharkiv Coke Plan. It is proposed to dilute phenolic water in a biochemical installation in a mixer before purification and to purify water with a flocculant. The paper recommends dosing the flocculant solution automatically using a preparation station. Additional purification of the clarified water is carried out using a filtration unit with a filter media from a layer of quartz sand. The economic effect from the implementation of the technical measures is achieved not only due to the reduction in fresh water consumption by 60 540 m3/year and the cessation of the discharge of phenolic water into the city sewer network, but also the replacement of the reagent with a more efficient one and a decrease in its consumption. It has been found that the introduction of the technical solutions for the circulating water supply system is economically and environmentally justifiable.","PeriodicalId":43574,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"17 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43977134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This case study aims to investigate the effects of compaction methods on the mechanical behavior of roller compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) mixtures, which consist of the replacement of different cement by 0%, 5%, and 10% limestone by volume fraction and which were compacted by two compaction methods. These methods are commonly discussed in the literature and were developed to simulate the site conditions in the laboratory. A modified Proctor test was adopted in the mix’s proportional process to optimize the aggregate’s percentage content of RCCP. The experimental series consisted of compression and split tensile performance tests to investigate the development of compaction performances at 28 days. The results showed that, where 10% of the cement was substituted by limestone, the RCC gives important flexural strength values compared to the quantity of the cement substitute. Qualitatively, the reduction in the strength of the concrete using the modified Proctor compaction method led to the weakness of the bond between the layers.
{"title":"The Compaction of Energy and Properties of Roller-Compacted Concrete Pavement with Fillers","authors":"N. Saoudi, H. Cherfa, B. Saoudi, Bodjemaa Zaanoun","doi":"10.2478/sjce-2022-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2022-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This case study aims to investigate the effects of compaction methods on the mechanical behavior of roller compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) mixtures, which consist of the replacement of different cement by 0%, 5%, and 10% limestone by volume fraction and which were compacted by two compaction methods. These methods are commonly discussed in the literature and were developed to simulate the site conditions in the laboratory. A modified Proctor test was adopted in the mix’s proportional process to optimize the aggregate’s percentage content of RCCP. The experimental series consisted of compression and split tensile performance tests to investigate the development of compaction performances at 28 days. The results showed that, where 10% of the cement was substituted by limestone, the RCC gives important flexural strength values compared to the quantity of the cement substitute. Qualitatively, the reduction in the strength of the concrete using the modified Proctor compaction method led to the weakness of the bond between the layers.","PeriodicalId":43574,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"23 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46106997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract LiDAR-derived digital elevation models (DEMs) have transformed the archaeological study of landscape features, broadened our technical capabilities, and enhanced the accuracy with which terrain relief is described. These models also place demands on how researchers and analysts interpret DEM content in the context of the modern landscape. LiDAR-based DEMs contain modern man-made structures that can significantly influence model properties. Although data are usually filtered and some of these artificial features are removed during bare-earth classification, many terrain interventions remain visible. This large-scale case study applies established methods to a freely available DEM of the Czech Republic in an attempt to evaluate differences between original and filtered DEMs. It applies a fully automated filtering procedure using vector topographic maps to avoid manual corrections that would make the procedure problematic when used on a macro scale. The results of our archaeological GIS analysis demonstrate that this procedure, despite its relative simplicity, can achieve a significantly better representation of a landscape compared to that offered by an unfiltered DEM. Finally, we propose a series of future steps with a view to developing a more comprehensive and accurate model and overcoming its limitations.
{"title":"The Potential and Implications of Automated Pre-Processing of LiDAR-Based Digital Elevation Models for Large-Scale Archaeological Landscape Analysis","authors":"D. Novak, Filip Pruzinec, T. Lieskovský","doi":"10.2478/sjce-2022-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2022-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract LiDAR-derived digital elevation models (DEMs) have transformed the archaeological study of landscape features, broadened our technical capabilities, and enhanced the accuracy with which terrain relief is described. These models also place demands on how researchers and analysts interpret DEM content in the context of the modern landscape. LiDAR-based DEMs contain modern man-made structures that can significantly influence model properties. Although data are usually filtered and some of these artificial features are removed during bare-earth classification, many terrain interventions remain visible. This large-scale case study applies established methods to a freely available DEM of the Czech Republic in an attempt to evaluate differences between original and filtered DEMs. It applies a fully automated filtering procedure using vector topographic maps to avoid manual corrections that would make the procedure problematic when used on a macro scale. The results of our archaeological GIS analysis demonstrate that this procedure, despite its relative simplicity, can achieve a significantly better representation of a landscape compared to that offered by an unfiltered DEM. Finally, we propose a series of future steps with a view to developing a more comprehensive and accurate model and overcoming its limitations.","PeriodicalId":43574,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"1 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45223395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anita Keszeliová, R. Výleta, M. Danáčová, K. Hlavčová, P. Sleziak, Z. Gribovszki, J. Szolgay
Abstract Potential changes in a hydrological regime caused by a changing climate represent a crucial source of uncertainty in water resources management. For example, in Slovakia, they may manifest themselves in a decrease in water resources, a change in the seasonality of runoff, and an increase in the extremes of floods and droughts. The research presented here focuses on using the hydrological balance equation to predict changes in the total catchment evapotranspiration under changing climate conditions. Using the TUW rainfall-runoff model and the KNMI and MPI climate change scenarios, the hydrological regime of eight selected basins in Slovakia was simulated for three thirty-year periods from 2010 until the year 2100. The results showed that the growth of total catchment evapotranspiration observed in recent decades is likely to increase further in the future.
{"title":"Detection of Changes in Evapotranspiration on a Catchment Scale Under Changing Climate Conditions in Selected River Basins of Slovakia","authors":"Anita Keszeliová, R. Výleta, M. Danáčová, K. Hlavčová, P. Sleziak, Z. Gribovszki, J. Szolgay","doi":"10.2478/sjce-2022-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2022-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Potential changes in a hydrological regime caused by a changing climate represent a crucial source of uncertainty in water resources management. For example, in Slovakia, they may manifest themselves in a decrease in water resources, a change in the seasonality of runoff, and an increase in the extremes of floods and droughts. The research presented here focuses on using the hydrological balance equation to predict changes in the total catchment evapotranspiration under changing climate conditions. Using the TUW rainfall-runoff model and the KNMI and MPI climate change scenarios, the hydrological regime of eight selected basins in Slovakia was simulated for three thirty-year periods from 2010 until the year 2100. The results showed that the growth of total catchment evapotranspiration observed in recent decades is likely to increase further in the future.","PeriodicalId":43574,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"55 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47034987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The biggest problem with sanitary technology in high-rise buildings is the design of foul water stacks in which high negative pressure and overpressure values must not occur. When pressure exceeds maximum values, water from the trap is ejected, sucked out, or left bubbling in the trap. Measurements by other researchers have shown that when traps lose their function, in addition to the spreading of unpleasant odors, there is also the spreading of various viruses from the sewer and drainage systems. The paper deals with the mathematical analysis and simulation of the pressure resistance of different traps under various boundary conditions, considering the quality of the internal environment. The effect of water evaporation on pressure resistance was also simulated and assessed. The results of the work are clear tables of pressure resistances with a description of their effect on the water level in the trap.
{"title":"The Pressure Resistance of Odor Traps for Sanitary Appliances and their Impact on the Hygiene of an Indoor Environment","authors":"Martin Sokol, J. Peráčková","doi":"10.2478/sjce-2022-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2022-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The biggest problem with sanitary technology in high-rise buildings is the design of foul water stacks in which high negative pressure and overpressure values must not occur. When pressure exceeds maximum values, water from the trap is ejected, sucked out, or left bubbling in the trap. Measurements by other researchers have shown that when traps lose their function, in addition to the spreading of unpleasant odors, there is also the spreading of various viruses from the sewer and drainage systems. The paper deals with the mathematical analysis and simulation of the pressure resistance of different traps under various boundary conditions, considering the quality of the internal environment. The effect of water evaporation on pressure resistance was also simulated and assessed. The results of the work are clear tables of pressure resistances with a description of their effect on the water level in the trap.","PeriodicalId":43574,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"31 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46713396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The increasing traffic volume of individual car transport results in environmental damage and new space requirements for parking. Parked cars occupy public space that a municipality could use for non-transport purposes. An effective urban parking policy is a solution that could influence transport and significantly improve the quality of public spaces and the environmental burden of traffic. Effective parking management can increase revenues to a city budget to be used for further urban development. The regulation of parking and charging are unpopular topics for politicians. They are afraid of the adverse reactions of local inhabitants and fear that they will not be re-elected. However, experience has shown that if the process and implementation of regulated parking are well managed, citizens will appreciate its benefits. People will begin to value public space more and transform it into space for all residents and not just car owners. The goal of this paper is to present research in which people were asked what they would motivate them to use a different mode of transport instead of a car. The most common answer was more public transport connections and cheaper traveling or traveling free of charge.
{"title":"The Impact of Car Transport on the Environment and Public Spaces in Cities: Case Study from Slovakia","authors":"Michal Feik","doi":"10.2478/sjce-2022-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2022-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The increasing traffic volume of individual car transport results in environmental damage and new space requirements for parking. Parked cars occupy public space that a municipality could use for non-transport purposes. An effective urban parking policy is a solution that could influence transport and significantly improve the quality of public spaces and the environmental burden of traffic. Effective parking management can increase revenues to a city budget to be used for further urban development. The regulation of parking and charging are unpopular topics for politicians. They are afraid of the adverse reactions of local inhabitants and fear that they will not be re-elected. However, experience has shown that if the process and implementation of regulated parking are well managed, citizens will appreciate its benefits. People will begin to value public space more and transform it into space for all residents and not just car owners. The goal of this paper is to present research in which people were asked what they would motivate them to use a different mode of transport instead of a car. The most common answer was more public transport connections and cheaper traveling or traveling free of charge.","PeriodicalId":43574,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"43 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44216778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Telescopic water intake structures play an important role in a water management system. The article is devoted to the improvement of telescopic water intake structures and the development of a solution for regulating their operation. Different types of water intakes are analyzed, and their shortcomings are identified. The structures of known telescopic water intakes are reviewed, and their operating principles are analyzed. It has been determined that the design of existing telescopic water intake structures lacks a device for stopping the operation of the intake of water. A structural solution for stopping and regulating the operation of a telescopic water intake is proposed. The construction of an additional ballast pontoon to be welded to the first section of the telescopic pipeline is proposed in order to regulate and stop the operation of the water intake. A methodology for calculating and designing an additional ballast pontoon for a telescopic water intake has been developed, and a specific example for its implementation has been provided. Based on the results of the research, the main parameters of the additional ballast pontoon structure have been established, and the methodology for its calculations has been developed.
{"title":"Regulation of Telescopic Water Intake Operations","authors":"A. Lipin","doi":"10.2478/sjce-2022-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2022-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Telescopic water intake structures play an important role in a water management system. The article is devoted to the improvement of telescopic water intake structures and the development of a solution for regulating their operation. Different types of water intakes are analyzed, and their shortcomings are identified. The structures of known telescopic water intakes are reviewed, and their operating principles are analyzed. It has been determined that the design of existing telescopic water intake structures lacks a device for stopping the operation of the intake of water. A structural solution for stopping and regulating the operation of a telescopic water intake is proposed. The construction of an additional ballast pontoon to be welded to the first section of the telescopic pipeline is proposed in order to regulate and stop the operation of the water intake. A methodology for calculating and designing an additional ballast pontoon for a telescopic water intake has been developed, and a specific example for its implementation has been provided. Based on the results of the research, the main parameters of the additional ballast pontoon structure have been established, and the methodology for its calculations has been developed.","PeriodicalId":43574,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"27 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48112663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The study concerns an autonomous individual solar water heater installed in the Oran region in Algeria. Supplied by two sources of solar thermal and photovoltaic energy, this solar water heater provides domestic hot water for the needs of an average family of 6 people. A comparative approach was made to find the most adequate solution between increasing the surface area of the thermal solar panel or those of the photovoltaic panels, by analyzing the solar fraction and the efficiency of the thermal panels. The choice was make for a thermal panel with a surface area of 4 m2 and complete with 16 photovoltaic panels, thus resulting in a total surface area of 14 m2 to obtain an autonomous solar water heater powered only by solar energy. Another option was considered by incorporating a photovoltaic thermal panel, and substantial savings were found.
{"title":"Sizing of an Autonomous Individual Solar Water Heater Based in Oran, Algeria","authors":"T. Baki, Abdelfatah Marni Sandid, D. Nehari","doi":"10.2478/sjce-2022-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2022-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study concerns an autonomous individual solar water heater installed in the Oran region in Algeria. Supplied by two sources of solar thermal and photovoltaic energy, this solar water heater provides domestic hot water for the needs of an average family of 6 people. A comparative approach was made to find the most adequate solution between increasing the surface area of the thermal solar panel or those of the photovoltaic panels, by analyzing the solar fraction and the efficiency of the thermal panels. The choice was make for a thermal panel with a surface area of 4 m2 and complete with 16 photovoltaic panels, thus resulting in a total surface area of 14 m2 to obtain an autonomous solar water heater powered only by solar energy. Another option was considered by incorporating a photovoltaic thermal panel, and substantial savings were found.","PeriodicalId":43574,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"9 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43379530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Under-reamed piles are extensively used to resist uplift forces and settlements. The objective of the present study is to develop various machine learning models (linear and non-linear) and determine the best model to estimate the ultimate uplift resistance of under-reamed piles embedded in cohesionless soil. The machine learning models were developed considering the following input parameters: the density index, dry density, base diameter, angle of an enlarged base with a vertical axis, shaft diameter, and embedment ratio. A linear equation is proposed to estimate the ultimate uplift resistance based on Multivariate Linear Regression analysis with a mean absolute error equaling 0.25kN and 0.50kN for loose and dense sands respectively. The Decision Tree Regression model provides an excellent degree of accuracy with a mean absolute error of 0.02kN and 0.02kN in cases of loose and dense sands respectively.
{"title":"Estimation of the Uplift Resistance for an Under-Reamed Pile in Dry Sand Using Machine Learning","authors":"Sharad Dadhich, J. Sharma, Madhav R. Madhira","doi":"10.2478/sjce-2022-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2022-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Under-reamed piles are extensively used to resist uplift forces and settlements. The objective of the present study is to develop various machine learning models (linear and non-linear) and determine the best model to estimate the ultimate uplift resistance of under-reamed piles embedded in cohesionless soil. The machine learning models were developed considering the following input parameters: the density index, dry density, base diameter, angle of an enlarged base with a vertical axis, shaft diameter, and embedment ratio. A linear equation is proposed to estimate the ultimate uplift resistance based on Multivariate Linear Regression analysis with a mean absolute error equaling 0.25kN and 0.50kN for loose and dense sands respectively. The Decision Tree Regression model provides an excellent degree of accuracy with a mean absolute error of 0.02kN and 0.02kN in cases of loose and dense sands respectively.","PeriodicalId":43574,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"17 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43381972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The article deals with a deformation analysis of a road embankment under different types of static and cyclic loading. A typical cross-section of a road embankment supported by geogrid retaining structures is considered. In the case of a design, the load is usually applied as a distributed static load. The analysis presented in the paper includes all the most loading methods used. Because there are only a few measurements for these types of construction in a given region, the analysis also includes a cyclic loading that aims to simulate real traffic loading. The cyclic loading considered the weights of cars and trucks and the distances between them, based on traffic intensity measurements. The study results showed how significant the differences in vertical and horizontal deformations of an embankment are when the different types and methods of static loading are used in a design. The results of the cyclic loading showed the deformations that can be expected from current real traffic.
{"title":"Analysis of Static and Cyclic Traffic Loading of an Embankment Supported by a Geogrid Retaining Structure","authors":"J. Stacho, M. Súľovská","doi":"10.2478/sjce-2022-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2022-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article deals with a deformation analysis of a road embankment under different types of static and cyclic loading. A typical cross-section of a road embankment supported by geogrid retaining structures is considered. In the case of a design, the load is usually applied as a distributed static load. The analysis presented in the paper includes all the most loading methods used. Because there are only a few measurements for these types of construction in a given region, the analysis also includes a cyclic loading that aims to simulate real traffic loading. The cyclic loading considered the weights of cars and trucks and the distances between them, based on traffic intensity measurements. The study results showed how significant the differences in vertical and horizontal deformations of an embankment are when the different types and methods of static loading are used in a design. The results of the cyclic loading showed the deformations that can be expected from current real traffic.","PeriodicalId":43574,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48630058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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