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Los informes de arraigo: un análisis desde la perspectiva de los Servicios Sociales 扎根报告:社会服务视角下的分析
IF 0.2 4区 艺术学 Q3 Arts and Humanities
ARQ
Pub Date : 2018-01-08 DOI: 10.5209/CUTS.56002
M. Lizama
Administrative irregularities represent one of the greatest risk factors for immigrants in terms of social exclusion and marginalization, due to both the situation in itself and all the consequences it entails at the personal, cultural and social levels. The possibility of regularizing their situation due to exceptional circumstances such as integration enables the commencement of social integration processes. The latest regulatory amendments transfer greater power to autonomous communities and city councils with regard to administrative regularization processes. It is within this framework that social services and social work professionals have seen their duties increased, with the obligation to issue social integration reports. These new functions are not exempt from debate. Transfers of social control duties are closer to the approach of an assimilation model; proven ineffective in previous eras, this delegates the effort of integration mainly to the immigrant population and is shown to be harmful to intercultural co-existence.
就社会排斥和边缘化而言,行政上的不规范是移民最大的危险因素之一,因为这种情况本身及其在个人、文化和社会各级所造成的一切后果。由于诸如一体化等特殊情况,使他们的处境正常化的可能性使社会一体化进程得以开始。最近的法规修正案在行政正规化进程方面赋予了自治区和市议会更大的权力。正是在这个框架内,社会服务和社会工作专业人员的职责增加了,有义务发布社会融合报告。这些新功能并非没有争议。社会控制职责的转移更接近同化模型的方法;这在以前的时代被证明是无效的,它将融合的努力主要委托给了移民人口,并证明对跨文化共存是有害的。
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引用次数: 3
Editorial: A paso de caracol se alcanza antes la meta 《世界报》(le le世界报)的一篇社论称:“这是一场悲剧。”
IF 0.2 4区 艺术学 Q3 Arts and Humanities
ARQ
Pub Date : 2018-01-08 DOI: 10.5209/CUTS.58533
P. Cabrera, Luis José Nogues Sáez
El año entrante se cumplirán veinticinco años desde que, en 1993, se creara en París la versión social del Service d’Aide Médicale Urgente (SAMU) o Servicio de Atención Médica de Urgencia. El fundador del SAMU-SOCIAL era el doctor Xavier Emmanuelli, un militante comunista y anticolonialista, médico, hijo y hermano de médicos que, veintidós años antes, había sido cofundador junto a otras doce personas de la organización Médicos sin fronteras. La importantísima labor llevada a cabo desde entonces por el Samu-Social, cuyo objetivo era “salir al encuentro de las personas que vivían en la calle en situación de pobreza y riesgo físico y social”, continúa realizándose no solo en Paris, sino en otras muchas grandes ciudades de todo el mundo, Madrid entre ellas. Con el Samu-Social parisino se iniciaba, a principios de los años noventa, el camino en expansión constante de esta lógica de la emergencia que trasladó el modelo de urgencias sanitario al campo de lo social y abrió paso a la introducción de los servicios de emergencia en el mundo de la intervención y el Trabajo Social. Andando el tiempo, sin embargo, las luces de estos servicios de urgencia o emergencia, han ido alternándose con las sombras que una política social cicatera, cortoplacista y de horizontes limitados ha ido imponiendo aquí y allá, en un contexto general de crisis y recortes sociales; recortes presupuestarios que, entre otras cosas, llevaron a Emmanuelli a presentar su dimisión como presidente del Samu-Social, en julio de 2011. Con ello se hizo patente la crisis profunda que vive actualmente la lógica de la emergencia-urgencia, cuando se intenta llevar a cabo de forma seria y consecuente, en un momento histórico marcado por un escandaloso crecimiento de la desigualdad y el desempleo masivo, cuando la pobreza y la exclusión pasan a afectar a millones de personas y no son solo problemas que, como ocurría en el pasado, aunque eran agudos y graves afectaban únicamente a pequeños grupos de población marginal que habitaban a la intemperie en el corazón de nuestras grandes ciudades. Entretanto, la opinión pública se ha vuelto cada vez más receptiva y sensible a un tipo de actuación de los poderes públicos orientada por esta lógica de la emergencia, que es percibida por el ciudadano medio como un tipo de política realmente eficaz frente a catástrofes de origen más o menos azaroso e impredecible. De manera que, al igual que se multiplican los dispositivos de intervención rápida en caso de incendios forestales, de atentados terroristas o accidentes con gran número de víctimas, de naufragios desastrosos, como el del Prestige, con enorme impacto ecológico, o en caso de situaciones dramáticas como en la llamada “crisis de los refugiados” también en el campo de lo estrictamente social, se espera que la Administración Pública lleve a cabo una intervención contundente, rápida y resolutiva que solucione el problema con celeridad y prontitud; se espera, además, que lo haga de forma claramente visible,
自1993年在巴黎建立社会版的紧急医疗援助服务(SAMU)以来,今年将是25周年。SAMU-SOCIAL的创始人是Xavier Emmanuelli博士,他是一名共产主义和反殖民主义的激进分子,是一名医生,是22年前医生的儿子和兄弟,他与其他12人共同创立了无国界医生组织。进行重要的工作,此后Samu-Social,目的是“走出去”向拟人住在街的处于贫穷和社会实际和风险”,继续进行不仅在巴黎,世界各地的其他许多大型城市,包括马德里。与Samu-Social巴黎,在90年代初,这条路在不断扩展这种逻辑的卫生紧急急救模式带到乡下开了社会和一步引入世界紧急服务和社会工作干预。然而,随着时间的推移,在危机和社会削减的普遍背景下,这些紧急或紧急服务的光明与狭隘、短视和视野有限的社会政策在这里和那里强加的阴影交替出现;2011年7月,预算削减导致Emmanuelli辞去Samu-Social主席一职。因此变得粗暴深度危机目前居住时的逻辑emergencia-urgencia,试图进行的严重和一贯的方式在一个历史性时刻,标记为一个可耻的大规模增长的不平等和失业时,贫穷和排斥的发生会影响数百万人,不仅仅是麻烦,像过去一样在虽然它们严重而严重,但它们只影响到居住在我们大城市中心露天的一小部分边缘人口。与此同时,舆论已变得越来越不可或缺的敏感类型业绩驱动的公共权力这种逻辑紧急情况,是因公民作为一种切实有效的政策环境灾害危险、不可预知的左右。一样,因此爆发了森林火灾案件快速干预装置、恐怖袭击或拥有大量灾难性伤亡,沉船事故,诸如Prestige,对生态造成影响,或者对于戏剧情节的所谓“难民危机”也在社会严格,预计公务员进行有力干预,快速、果断地解决问题,迅速、迅速地解决问题;等等,此外,显眼地做,表现为公众和世界各地,这块干预的一个物种的“消防员”社会,例如紧急军事单元(例如高,从一天到一个解决演出无法忍受的痛苦中展示的电视台、报纸和我国社会的角的街道。这种采取行动的需要,使公众舆论认识到在社会和政治现实的许多领域已经取得了进展,使我们有可能在媒体或多或少以这种方式向我们展示的问题的壮观场面上增加一些东西。
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引用次数: 0
Presentación del monográfico: Movilidad humana. Realidades y retos para el Trabajo Social 专题介绍:人类流动性。社会工作的现实与挑战
IF 0.2 4区 艺术学 Q3 Arts and Humanities
ARQ
Pub Date : 2018-01-08 DOI: 10.5209/CUTS.58534
Begoña Leyra Fatou, Marta Carballo de la Riva
espanolPresentacion del monografico: Movilidad humana. Realidades y retos para el Trabajo Social EnglishPresentation of monograph: Human Mobility. Realities and challenges for Social Work
专题介绍:人类流动性。社会工作的现实与挑战英语专著介绍:人的流动性。社会工作的现实与挑战
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引用次数: 0
Sobre los límites de la intervención de los servicios sociales 关于社会服务干预的局限性
IF 0.2 4区 艺术学 Q3 Arts and Humanities
ARQ
Pub Date : 2018-01-08 DOI: 10.5209/CUTS.53082
Xavier Montagud Mayor
One of the most common arguments in justifying the scant impact of social services is their lack of relative weight in social expenditure as a whole. This article shows that such an explanation may not be entirely true. Despite its early years being clearly positive on balance, an analysis of certain data from the 1997-2007 pre-crisis period shows, in the author’s review, the increasing difficulties in improving situations of poverty and social exclusion, regardless of the financial and human means available. Such affirmation suggests the possibility that social services intervention is subject to certain limits that seriously constrain its capacities, implying the need to integrate them in our discourse. Its foundations would be the irrevocable epoch change that we are experiencing, the unsustainability of the incremental welfare model on which social intervention was based, and an idea of the finite nature of social action that integrates the reflections in this respect of Marx (1992) and Nussbaum (1995). The text concludes with a brief section describing the meaning of such limits on social services as threshold, transfer and transformation.
证明社会服务影响不足的最常见论点之一是,它们在整个社会支出中缺乏相对权重。这篇文章表明,这样的解释可能并不完全正确。尽管从总体上看,危机的最初几年显然是积极的,但对1997年至2007年危机前时期某些数据的分析表明,在作者的回顾中,无论现有的财政和人力手段如何,改善贫困和社会排斥状况的难度越来越大。这种肯定表明,社会服务干预可能受到某些限制,严重限制了其能力,这意味着需要将它们纳入我们的话语中。它的基础将是我们正在经历的不可逆转的时代变化,社会干预所基于的增量福利模式的不可持续性,以及整合马克思(1992)和努斯鲍姆(1995)在这方面的反思的社会行动的有限性的想法。本文最后用一个简短的章节描述了诸如门槛、转移和转变等对社会服务的限制的含义。
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引用次数: 4
Influencias y confluencias de la Psicología clásica en el Trabajo Social 古典心理学对社会工作的影响与汇合
IF 0.2 4区 艺术学 Q3 Arts and Humanities
ARQ
Pub Date : 2018-01-08 DOI: 10.5209/CUTS.54403
A. Ferreras, C. Garrido, M. Marín
This article analyses the influences of psychology on social work. An examination of classical approaches reveals that some have a more significant influence than others: a) evolutionary psychology has a highly negative effect on fairness among persons; b) psychoanalysis impacts on the family as a social entity, c) behaviourism designs models for changing social behaviour; and d) humanism, existentialism and Gestalt psychology use empathy as a means to improve communication. These theoretical models and psychological methods are socially efficient in influencing the professional tasks and practices of social workers in various fields.
本文分析了心理学对社会工作的影响。对经典方法的考察表明,一些方法比其他方法具有更大的影响:a)进化心理学对人与人之间的公平有高度的负面影响;B)精神分析对作为社会实体的家庭的影响,c)行为主义设计改变社会行为的模型;d)人文主义、存在主义和格式塔心理学将移情作为改善沟通的手段。这些理论模型和心理学方法在影响社会工作者在各个领域的专业任务和实践方面具有社会效率。
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引用次数: 0
Migración y ciudadanía. La lógica de la asignación de derechos en la acción social 移民和公民身份。社会行动中权利分配的逻辑
IF 0.2 4区 艺术学 Q3 Arts and Humanities
ARQ
Pub Date : 2018-01-08 DOI: 10.5209/CUTS.56601
Carlos Pélaez-Paz, Jesús Sanz Abad
We explain the contributions of anthropological thinking regarding the relationship among the forms of inclusion of immigrant populations in Spain, the recognition of economic, social and cultural rights, and citizenship. We are witnessing the transformation from Marshall’s classic idea of “social citizenship”, based on the universality of rights, to a vision of segmented access to rights in a global neoliberal context, in which citizenship becomes a mechanism for exclusion rather than inclusion.We describe the production of the otherness of the impoverished and dangerous migrant, which gives rise to their differential inclusion. The legal system and institutional management play a key role in this classification process, being accorded legitimacy through discourses of scarcity and security. We reflect on the function of social work in this regard and the tension between social control-oriented models and others based on a transformative approach involving the promotion of social equality and justice.
我们解释了关于西班牙移民人口的包容形式、对经济、社会和文化权利的承认以及公民身份之间关系的人类学思想的贡献。我们正在目睹从马歇尔基于权利普遍性的“社会公民权”的经典理念,到全球新自由主义背景下分段获取权利的愿景的转变,在这种背景下,公民权成为一种排斥而非包容的机制。我们描述了贫困和危险移民的他者性的产生,这导致了他们的差异包容。法律制度和制度管理在这一分类过程中发挥了关键作用,通过稀缺性和安全性的话语赋予其合法性。我们反思了社会工作在这方面的功能,以及以社会控制为导向的模式和其他基于促进社会平等和正义的变革方法的模式之间的紧张关系。
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引用次数: 1
La confidencialidad ante el abuso sexual a adolescentes 青少年性虐待前的保密
IF 0.2 4区 艺术学 Q3 Arts and Humanities
ARQ
Pub Date : 2018-01-08 DOI: 10.5209/CUTS.52810
J. Brugué
Segun el autor, pueden alegarse alguna o algunas de estas seis razones para justificar la ruptura del secreto profesional: 1) para evitar o reducir un dano a la propia persona o personas; 2) para producir un beneficio a la propia persona o personas; 3) para evitar o reducir un dano al profesional o a terceras personas; 4) para producir un beneficio al profesional o a terceras personas; 5) por imperativo legal; y (6) para castigar o vengarse de la persona o personas que han cometido un delito o para senalar su gravedad a la sociedad. Este articulo somete al analisis de cuatro de estas motivaciones (la 1, 3, 5 y 6) la cuestion de si deben o no comunicarse siempre y sin excepciones al Ministerio Fiscal las situaciones de abusos sexuales a adolescentes conocidas por los profesionales. Las conclusiones a las que llega son: i) la comunicacion al Ministerio Fiscal por parte de los profesionales de los servicios psico-socio-educativos y sanitarios de una situacion de abusos sexuales a un adolescente atendiendo a la primera y tercera razones, esta eticamente justificada siempre que se cumplan unos requisitos; y ii) si la comunicacion al Ministerio Fiscal se fundamenta unicamente en la quinta y sexta razon, no esta eticamente justificada y deviene una mala praxis profesional. Esto supone que, en algunas situaciones excepcionales, la buena praxis obligue a no poner en conocimiento del Ministerio Fiscal situaciones de abusos sexuales ya acaecidas.
根据提交人的说法,可以援引以下六个理由中的一个或多个来证明违反职业保密的合理性:1)防止或减少对个人的伤害;(二)为自己或他人创造利益;3)避免或减少对专业人员或第三方的损害;(四)为专业人员或者第三方创造利益;5)法律命令;(6)惩罚或报复犯罪的人,或向社会表明犯罪的严重性。本文分析了其中四种动机(1、3、5和6),即是否应始终毫无例外地向检察官办公室通报专业人员所知的青少年性虐待情况。涉及的各项结论是:(一)向沟通,检察官的psico-socio-educativos和卫生服务专业人士青少年性虐待的一个情况根据第一个和第三个原因,这个eticamente是合理的,只要符合规定;ii)如果向检察官办公室的沟通仅仅基于第5和第6个理由,这在道德上是不合理的,并成为职业不当行为。这意味着,在某些例外情况下,良好做法要求不将已经发生的性虐待情况通知检察官。
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引用次数: 0
El valor de la autonomía en la intervención familiar 自主在家庭干预中的价值
IF 0.2 4区 艺术学 Q3 Arts and Humanities
ARQ
Pub Date : 2018-01-08 DOI: 10.5209/CUTS.52505
A. Vicente
Based on the evolution and most notable characteristics of the value of autonomy, its visibility and application are examined in the field of social intervention with families. The particular features presented by family intervention imply a challenge for each of the most settled values in the profession. The main reason is that the family constitutes a group organized by the mediation of moral norms, which often come into conflict with the ethical rights of the individual, within which sphere the realities to which the principle of autonomy alludes are shaped. Taking into account the moral reality represented by family units, various arguments are set forth for a critical review of the principle of autonomy. However, general criteria are advanced that provide a justification for prioritizing the individual’s ethical rights. The article ends by defending the principle of autonomy: more than a principle, it must be considered as a rule for professional action, depending on the cases and circumstances and within the context of professional ethics governed by the classical virtue of prudence.
本文从自主性价值的演变和最显著的特征出发,考察了自主性价值在家庭社会干预领域的可见性和应用。家庭干预所呈现的特殊特征意味着对职业中每一个最稳定的价值观的挑战。主要原因是,家庭构成了一个以道德规范为中介而组织起来的群体,而道德规范往往与个人的伦理权利发生冲突,而自主原则所指的现实正是在个人的伦理权利范围内形成的。考虑到家庭单位所代表的道德现实,提出了对自治原则进行批判性审查的各种论点。然而,提出了一般标准,为优先考虑个人的道德权利提供了理由。文章最后为自治原则进行了辩护:它不仅是一项原则,而且必须被视为职业行动的规则,这取决于案例和情况,并在由谨慎的经典美德所支配的职业道德背景下。
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引用次数: 0
“Refugees Welcome”; una aproximación al Trabajo Social con refugiados desde el modelo de intervención en crisis. “Welcome”;一种基于危机干预模式的难民社会工作方法。
IF 0.2 4区 艺术学 Q3 Arts and Humanities
ARQ
Pub Date : 2018-01-08 DOI: 10.5209/CUTS.53264
Silvana María Sánchez Nimo
Though refugees had not been perceived as a contemporary reality, the massive influx of refugees via the coasts of Greece in the last year has confirmed the need to produce intervention models or guidelines to address this issue. This article analyses the reality that refugees face from a legal and psychosocial perspective, as well as considering domestic and international legal instruments, with the aim of providing social intervention using a crisis intervention model for refugees. This model is based on coping with and overcoming the crisis resulting from this group’s exile and refugee status.
虽然难民没有被视为当代的现实,但去年通过希腊海岸大量涌入的难民证实有必要制定解决这一问题的干预模式或准则。本文从法律和社会心理角度分析了难民面临的现实,并结合国内和国际法律文书,旨在利用危机干预模式为难民提供社会干预。这一模式的基础是应对和克服因这一群体的流亡和难民身份而产生的危机。
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引用次数: 1
Ituarte Tellaeche, Amaya (coord.) (2017). "Prácticas del Trabajo Social Clínico [Clinical Social work practice]".Valencia: Nau Llibres. 252 pp. ISBN: 8416926131
IF 0.2 4区 艺术学 Q3 Arts and Humanities
ARQ
Pub Date : 2018-01-08 DOI: 10.5209/CUTS.55555
F. Goldaracena
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引用次数: 1
期刊
ARQ
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