V. Bezrukovs, V. Bezrukovs, M. Konuhova, D. Bezrukovs, A. Berzins
Abstract The article introduces the results of studying the magnetic field distribution in the alternator inductor with an axial arrangement of open magnetic cores (OMC) and external closure of magnetic fluxes. The study compares the efficiency of using magnetic fluxes from permanent magnets (PM) on the example of two model variants of inductors with OMC developed by the authors. The analysis of the density distribution of magnetic fluxes in OMC was carried out by 3D modelling of the magnetic field using EMWorks software. It has been shown that such generators can be manufactured using a waste-free technology for strip of OMC. This technology significantly reduces the production costs of OMC. By modelling the distribution of magnetic fluxes in the OMC of the inductor, the results of experimental studies and analysis of the created device show that the capacity of generator can be varied by changing its dimensions and the number of the toggle switches on the rotor. This allows the alternator to be adapted to the load requirements – power banks and bicycle electronics.
{"title":"Axial Flux Switching Permanent Magnet Alternator with External Magnetic Cores","authors":"V. Bezrukovs, V. Bezrukovs, M. Konuhova, D. Bezrukovs, A. Berzins","doi":"10.2478/lpts-2022-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2022-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article introduces the results of studying the magnetic field distribution in the alternator inductor with an axial arrangement of open magnetic cores (OMC) and external closure of magnetic fluxes. The study compares the efficiency of using magnetic fluxes from permanent magnets (PM) on the example of two model variants of inductors with OMC developed by the authors. The analysis of the density distribution of magnetic fluxes in OMC was carried out by 3D modelling of the magnetic field using EMWorks software. It has been shown that such generators can be manufactured using a waste-free technology for strip of OMC. This technology significantly reduces the production costs of OMC. By modelling the distribution of magnetic fluxes in the OMC of the inductor, the results of experimental studies and analysis of the created device show that the capacity of generator can be varied by changing its dimensions and the number of the toggle switches on the rotor. This allows the alternator to be adapted to the load requirements – power banks and bicycle electronics.","PeriodicalId":43603,"journal":{"name":"Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"58 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47367777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract We report the results of radar observations of a near-Earth object discovered on 17 September 2020, with the Pan-STARRS 1 telescope at the Haleakala Observatory in Hawaii. Initially, this object was considered an asteroid and even received the standard provisional designation 2020 SO by the Minor Planet Center. However, its Earth-like orbit and low relative velocity suggested that the object may be of artificial origin, being the Centaur rocket booster from the Surveyor 2 mission that was launched to the Moon on 20 September 1966. In the period from November 2020 to March 2021, this object approached the Earth twice within one lunar distance of the Earth. Radar observations were conducted on 30 November in bistatic mode with the 70-m Goldstone Solar System Radar DSS-14 and 32-m radio telescope RT-32 at the Svetloe Observatory, while the object was in the visibility window of two antennas at about 200 thousand km from the Earth. The main goal of the study was to determine the physical properties of this object using radar astronomy to clarify its origin.
{"title":"Radar Observations of Old Centaur Rocket from 1966","authors":"Y. Bondarenko, D. Marshalov","doi":"10.2478/lpts-2022-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2022-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We report the results of radar observations of a near-Earth object discovered on 17 September 2020, with the Pan-STARRS 1 telescope at the Haleakala Observatory in Hawaii. Initially, this object was considered an asteroid and even received the standard provisional designation 2020 SO by the Minor Planet Center. However, its Earth-like orbit and low relative velocity suggested that the object may be of artificial origin, being the Centaur rocket booster from the Surveyor 2 mission that was launched to the Moon on 20 September 1966. In the period from November 2020 to March 2021, this object approached the Earth twice within one lunar distance of the Earth. Radar observations were conducted on 30 November in bistatic mode with the 70-m Goldstone Solar System Radar DSS-14 and 32-m radio telescope RT-32 at the Svetloe Observatory, while the object was in the visibility window of two antennas at about 200 thousand km from the Earth. The main goal of the study was to determine the physical properties of this object using radar astronomy to clarify its origin.","PeriodicalId":43603,"journal":{"name":"Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"23 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42329261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Artificial intelligence is widely spreading in all modern technologies. Such a very powerful methodology can have important applications in radio astronomy technology, for instance, in the new DBBC4 VLBI backend development project and in the low frequency array AntArr under development on the Etna slopes in Italy. In the present paper, we describe the method currently adopted for those projects and some possible applications, which could provide substantial new features in this decade to the radio astronomy science and technology.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Meets Radio Astronomy","authors":"G. Tuccari, G. Tuccari","doi":"10.2478/lpts-2022-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2022-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Artificial intelligence is widely spreading in all modern technologies. Such a very powerful methodology can have important applications in radio astronomy technology, for instance, in the new DBBC4 VLBI backend development project and in the low frequency array AntArr under development on the Etna slopes in Italy. In the present paper, we describe the method currently adopted for those projects and some possible applications, which could provide substantial new features in this decade to the radio astronomy science and technology.","PeriodicalId":43603,"journal":{"name":"Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"82 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41626107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Ruskuls, K. Slics, R. Ozoliņš, R. Fenuks, E. Linina, K. Osmanis, I. Osmanis
Abstract The paper present the key technical details of a multifocal near-eye display concept. Along with an overview of the basic architecture, a particular implementation that utilises a digital light processing (DLP®) based spatial light modulator as the image source is provided in the study. The investigated approach involves the utilisation of a small-scale volumetric screen formed by a stack of fast-switching optical diffuser elements based on liquid crystal technology. The volumetric screen is illuminated by a rear image projector. To make the whole system functional and small, the challenge lies within the development of integrated control board for the projection modules as well as the synchronization of the DLP® projector image output to the optical diffuser element switching-cycle. The main difficulty of the development process is accounting for the peculiarities of in-house developed diffuser elements and the off-the-shelf DLP®, which is the main focus of this paper. There is no direct control over the full set of DLP® operational parameters, an indirect method for adjusting frame dead time is proposed, showing that an increase in dead time close to 0.3 ms (from 0.3 ms to 0.6 ms in the particular setup) can be achieved without significantly sacrificing image colour depth or quality. Tuneable dead time mitigates the limitations set by the non-instantaneous switching of liquid crystal diffuser elements as longer dead times allow for the removal of image bleeding between frames.
{"title":"Multifocal Near-Eye Display: Timing of Optical Diffuser Elements and Synchronization to DLP-Based Projection Microunit","authors":"R. Ruskuls, K. Slics, R. Ozoliņš, R. Fenuks, E. Linina, K. Osmanis, I. Osmanis","doi":"10.2478/lpts-2022-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2022-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper present the key technical details of a multifocal near-eye display concept. Along with an overview of the basic architecture, a particular implementation that utilises a digital light processing (DLP®) based spatial light modulator as the image source is provided in the study. The investigated approach involves the utilisation of a small-scale volumetric screen formed by a stack of fast-switching optical diffuser elements based on liquid crystal technology. The volumetric screen is illuminated by a rear image projector. To make the whole system functional and small, the challenge lies within the development of integrated control board for the projection modules as well as the synchronization of the DLP® projector image output to the optical diffuser element switching-cycle. The main difficulty of the development process is accounting for the peculiarities of in-house developed diffuser elements and the off-the-shelf DLP®, which is the main focus of this paper. There is no direct control over the full set of DLP® operational parameters, an indirect method for adjusting frame dead time is proposed, showing that an increase in dead time close to 0.3 ms (from 0.3 ms to 0.6 ms in the particular setup) can be achieved without significantly sacrificing image colour depth or quality. Tuneable dead time mitigates the limitations set by the non-instantaneous switching of liquid crystal diffuser elements as longer dead times allow for the removal of image bleeding between frames.","PeriodicalId":43603,"journal":{"name":"Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"106 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43935563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The increasing terrestrial and space-borne communications are causing major problems to the radio astronomy observations. Only a minor part of the frequencies is allocated to the passive services, such as Radio Astronomy Services (RAS). There are only a few, relatively narrow frequency bands below 20 GHz, which are still suitable for the radio astronomical observations. In addition, Out-of-Band (OoB) emissions will be a real threat to the observations on these bands. On behalf of all European radio astronomers, the Committee on Radio Astronomy Frequencies (CRAF) of the European Science Foundation (ESF) coordinates activities to keep the frequency bands used by radio astronomy and space sciences free of interference. Along with interference caused by active radio communication services, the local electronic device selection should be considered in the observatories. For instance, more common LED based lamps could cause harmful interference for the observations. Thus, it is very important to perform continuous radio frequency interference (RFI) monitoring locally, in each radio observatory.
{"title":"Importance of Spectrum Management in Radio Astronomy","authors":"J. Kallunki, V. Bezrukovs, W. Madkour, P. Kirves","doi":"10.2478/lpts-2022-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2022-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The increasing terrestrial and space-borne communications are causing major problems to the radio astronomy observations. Only a minor part of the frequencies is allocated to the passive services, such as Radio Astronomy Services (RAS). There are only a few, relatively narrow frequency bands below 20 GHz, which are still suitable for the radio astronomical observations. In addition, Out-of-Band (OoB) emissions will be a real threat to the observations on these bands. On behalf of all European radio astronomers, the Committee on Radio Astronomy Frequencies (CRAF) of the European Science Foundation (ESF) coordinates activities to keep the frequency bands used by radio astronomy and space sciences free of interference. Along with interference caused by active radio communication services, the local electronic device selection should be considered in the observatories. For instance, more common LED based lamps could cause harmful interference for the observations. Thus, it is very important to perform continuous radio frequency interference (RFI) monitoring locally, in each radio observatory.","PeriodicalId":43603,"journal":{"name":"Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"30 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43391515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Reducing power losses is invested in the trend of combating climate warming. It is necessary to know what parameters of power transmission lines affect the losses in them. In short and medium lines with accounted lumped parameters, the role and influence of the line parameters on losses are visible. In the lines with distributed parameters, at least with one series parameter and one parallel parameter, the role played by them, computing losses in ordinary way as difference between power at line sending and receiving end, is hidden. This is pronounced when considering parallel lines. In two parallel lines the losses can be greater than in a single line. This may occur when the current at the end of the lines is less than the boundary value: the value when two parallel lines and a single line have the same losses. The longer the line and the higher the rated voltage, the stronger the effect. In view of this aspect, it is necessary to know the boundary current. This current can be determined in ordinary way by a series of calculations changing the load value. In some cases, boundary current is affected not only by modulus of the current at the end of the line but also by its angle. It is better to calculate the boundary current by a formula, while studying the role of each parameter.
{"title":"Specifics of Power Losses in Power Lines Including Parallel Lines","authors":"J. Survilo","doi":"10.2478/lpts-2022-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2022-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Reducing power losses is invested in the trend of combating climate warming. It is necessary to know what parameters of power transmission lines affect the losses in them. In short and medium lines with accounted lumped parameters, the role and influence of the line parameters on losses are visible. In the lines with distributed parameters, at least with one series parameter and one parallel parameter, the role played by them, computing losses in ordinary way as difference between power at line sending and receiving end, is hidden. This is pronounced when considering parallel lines. In two parallel lines the losses can be greater than in a single line. This may occur when the current at the end of the lines is less than the boundary value: the value when two parallel lines and a single line have the same losses. The longer the line and the higher the rated voltage, the stronger the effect. In view of this aspect, it is necessary to know the boundary current. This current can be determined in ordinary way by a series of calculations changing the load value. In some cases, boundary current is affected not only by modulus of the current at the end of the line but also by its angle. It is better to calculate the boundary current by a formula, while studying the role of each parameter.","PeriodicalId":43603,"journal":{"name":"Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"155 - 169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43496542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Bezrukovs, V. Bezrukovs, M. Konuhova, D. Bezrukovs, A. Berzins, J. Trokšs
Abstract The article introduces two new designs of flux switching permanent magnet alternators with a radial and an axial arrangement of the inductor relative to the magnetic flux switch. The study presents the results of 3D magnetic flux modelling along with the outcomes of physical experiments. In the course of laboratory experiments, the results of theoretical estimations are compared with actual physical performance parameters. The results are presented in the form of power and output voltage curves in relation to the frequency and load current. The study proposes the practical application of the alternators based on the magnetic flux switching principle in the development of a bicycle generator. Laboratory test models are made of a laminated steel using a waste-free technology.
{"title":"Magnetic Flux Switching Type Permanent Magnet Generator for Bicycles: Modelling and an Experimental Study","authors":"V. Bezrukovs, V. Bezrukovs, M. Konuhova, D. Bezrukovs, A. Berzins, J. Trokšs","doi":"10.2478/lpts-2022-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2022-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article introduces two new designs of flux switching permanent magnet alternators with a radial and an axial arrangement of the inductor relative to the magnetic flux switch. The study presents the results of 3D magnetic flux modelling along with the outcomes of physical experiments. In the course of laboratory experiments, the results of theoretical estimations are compared with actual physical performance parameters. The results are presented in the form of power and output voltage curves in relation to the frequency and load current. The study proposes the practical application of the alternators based on the magnetic flux switching principle in the development of a bicycle generator. Laboratory test models are made of a laminated steel using a waste-free technology.","PeriodicalId":43603,"journal":{"name":"Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"48 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46962180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Nowadays there is increasing interest in narrowing coronal areas with reduced brightness temperatures (LTR – Low Temperature Regions) associated with local open magnetic fields (S-web, “coronal partings”, “dark coronal corridors”) as one of the eventual sources of slow solar wind. Ventspils International Radio Astronomy Centre (VIRAC) performs routine spectral polarimetric observations of the Sun with RT-32 radio telescope equipped with the multi-channel (16 frequency channels) spectral polarimeter for the wave length range of 3.2–4.7 cm (6.3–9.3 GHz) and both circular polarizations simultaneously. The analysis of relevant tasks of clear and reliable observations and detections of LTR shows the necessity to improve noise parameters, dynamic range and stability of the actual solar spectral polarimeter and to expand its wavelength range. Taking into account these requirements, the low noise and thermally stabilized solar spectral polarimeter was developed. The new multi-channel spectral polarimeter is expected to observe right and left circular polarization of the solar emission in the wavelength range of 2.1–7.5 cm (4.1–14.3 GHz) divided into 12 frequency bands. The dynamic range was expanded to >36 db and the signal/noise ratio (referred to as quiet Sun brightness temperatures) was enhanced to > 22–24 db. The paper deals with some test observations of the newly developed solar spectral polar-imeter and its feature analysis. Some eventual problems of solar physics which could be solved with the spectral polarimeter are also discussed.
{"title":"Microwave Observations of the Sun with Virac RT-32 Radio Telescope: The Expansion of Possibilities","authors":"D. Bezrukovs","doi":"10.2478/lpts-2022-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2022-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nowadays there is increasing interest in narrowing coronal areas with reduced brightness temperatures (LTR – Low Temperature Regions) associated with local open magnetic fields (S-web, “coronal partings”, “dark coronal corridors”) as one of the eventual sources of slow solar wind. Ventspils International Radio Astronomy Centre (VIRAC) performs routine spectral polarimetric observations of the Sun with RT-32 radio telescope equipped with the multi-channel (16 frequency channels) spectral polarimeter for the wave length range of 3.2–4.7 cm (6.3–9.3 GHz) and both circular polarizations simultaneously. The analysis of relevant tasks of clear and reliable observations and detections of LTR shows the necessity to improve noise parameters, dynamic range and stability of the actual solar spectral polarimeter and to expand its wavelength range. Taking into account these requirements, the low noise and thermally stabilized solar spectral polarimeter was developed. The new multi-channel spectral polarimeter is expected to observe right and left circular polarization of the solar emission in the wavelength range of 2.1–7.5 cm (4.1–14.3 GHz) divided into 12 frequency bands. The dynamic range was expanded to >36 db and the signal/noise ratio (referred to as quiet Sun brightness temperatures) was enhanced to > 22–24 db. The paper deals with some test observations of the newly developed solar spectral polar-imeter and its feature analysis. Some eventual problems of solar physics which could be solved with the spectral polarimeter are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":43603,"journal":{"name":"Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"5 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43859345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Šķirmante, V. Bezrukovs, M. Bleiders, G. Jasmonts, N. Jekabsons, M. Nechaeva
Abstract Ventspils International Radio Astronomy Centre (Ventspils University of Applied Sciences) is implementing the scientific project “Complex Investigations of the Small Bodies in the Solar System” (lzp-2018/1-0401) related to the research of the small bodies in the Solar system (mainly, focusing on asteroids and comets) using methods of radio astronomy and signal processing. One of the research activities is weak hydroxyl (OH) radical observation in the radio range – single antenna observations using Irbene RT-32 radio telescope. To detect weak (0.1 Jy) OH masers of astronomical objects using radio methods, a research group in Ventspils adapted the Irbene RT-32 radio telescope working at 1665.402 and 1667.359 MHz frequencies. Spectral analysis using Fourier transform and continuous wavelet transform was applied to radio astronomical data from multiple observations related to weak OH maser detection. Multiple observation sessions of OH maser objects (R LMi, RU Ari, V524 Cas, OH 138.0+7.2, U Aur, etc) were carried out in 2020–2021.
{"title":"Observations of Weak Galactic OH Masers in 1.6 GHz Frequency Band Using Irbene RT-32 Radio Telescope","authors":"K. Šķirmante, V. Bezrukovs, M. Bleiders, G. Jasmonts, N. Jekabsons, M. Nechaeva","doi":"10.2478/lpts-2022-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2022-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ventspils International Radio Astronomy Centre (Ventspils University of Applied Sciences) is implementing the scientific project “Complex Investigations of the Small Bodies in the Solar System” (lzp-2018/1-0401) related to the research of the small bodies in the Solar system (mainly, focusing on asteroids and comets) using methods of radio astronomy and signal processing. One of the research activities is weak hydroxyl (OH) radical observation in the radio range – single antenna observations using Irbene RT-32 radio telescope. To detect weak (0.1 Jy) OH masers of astronomical objects using radio methods, a research group in Ventspils adapted the Irbene RT-32 radio telescope working at 1665.402 and 1667.359 MHz frequencies. Spectral analysis using Fourier transform and continuous wavelet transform was applied to radio astronomical data from multiple observations related to weak OH maser detection. Multiple observation sessions of OH maser objects (R LMi, RU Ari, V524 Cas, OH 138.0+7.2, U Aur, etc) were carried out in 2020–2021.","PeriodicalId":43603,"journal":{"name":"Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"14 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41547621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Kairisa, A. Mutule, I. Drovtar, T. Korõtko, O. Borščevskis, H. Wilkening, Ch. Troyer
Abstract Promoting the development of energy communities is one of the planned development areas mentioned in the Latvian National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP). Even though energy communities do not yet exist in Latvia, they could improve the quality of the environment and stimulate the local economy. In any case, it is expected that the structure of household energy consumption in Latvia will change as households start to adopt new technologies such as electric cars and heat pumps, as well as participate in energy production and demand response. Often the starting point for the development of an energy community is the geographic location of consumers. Therefore, for this study, a microdistrict was chosen in one of the most developed suburbs of Riga in Latvia, in which 76 households are located. The study identified five milestones on the path from mere neighborhood to the energy community. The resLoadSIM Residential Load Simulation tool was chosen to simulate realistic energy consumption with a 1-minute time resolution, as well as to model the future solar energy consumption and generation in the community on its way to becoming an energy community and meeting these goals. The network constraints associated with the transformer and lines are taken into account and it is assumed that the district will not invest in the development and expansion of the network. Based on the results of the modelling, an analysis was made of the impact of the development of the energy community in Latvia and how each stage of development will affect energy consumption, the amount of renewable energy, the energy sent to the grid, the power consumed directly, and the share of solar energy in energy consumption.
{"title":"Scenario-Based Modelling of Residential Sector Consumption: A Case Study in Latvia","authors":"E. Kairisa, A. Mutule, I. Drovtar, T. Korõtko, O. Borščevskis, H. Wilkening, Ch. Troyer","doi":"10.2478/lpts-2022-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2022-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Promoting the development of energy communities is one of the planned development areas mentioned in the Latvian National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP). Even though energy communities do not yet exist in Latvia, they could improve the quality of the environment and stimulate the local economy. In any case, it is expected that the structure of household energy consumption in Latvia will change as households start to adopt new technologies such as electric cars and heat pumps, as well as participate in energy production and demand response. Often the starting point for the development of an energy community is the geographic location of consumers. Therefore, for this study, a microdistrict was chosen in one of the most developed suburbs of Riga in Latvia, in which 76 households are located. The study identified five milestones on the path from mere neighborhood to the energy community. The resLoadSIM Residential Load Simulation tool was chosen to simulate realistic energy consumption with a 1-minute time resolution, as well as to model the future solar energy consumption and generation in the community on its way to becoming an energy community and meeting these goals. The network constraints associated with the transformer and lines are taken into account and it is assumed that the district will not invest in the development and expansion of the network. Based on the results of the modelling, an analysis was made of the impact of the development of the energy community in Latvia and how each stage of development will affect energy consumption, the amount of renewable energy, the energy sent to the grid, the power consumed directly, and the share of solar energy in energy consumption.","PeriodicalId":43603,"journal":{"name":"Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"116 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48929844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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