Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8447930
M. Sokol, P. Galajda, S. Slovák, M. Pecovský
This paper describes a design of differential amplifier with modified Cherry-Hooper structure and emitter follower stages. The amplifier is designed for M-sequence UWB radar sensor applications and can be also utilized as a driver for specialized UWB coupled antenna. The circuit structure is designed and fabricated in 0.35 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology and has been designed for 13 GHz bandwidth with 15 dB single-ended gain. The amplifier structure consumes 450 mW from a −3.3 V supply. Parameters value of this amplifier were obtained from pre-layout and post-layout simulations.
{"title":"Modified Cherry-Hooper Amplifier for UWB Applications in 0.35 μm SiGe BiCMOS Technology","authors":"M. Sokol, P. Galajda, S. Slovák, M. Pecovský","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8447930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8447930","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a design of differential amplifier with modified Cherry-Hooper structure and emitter follower stages. The amplifier is designed for M-sequence UWB radar sensor applications and can be also utilized as a driver for specialized UWB coupled antenna. The circuit structure is designed and fabricated in 0.35 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology and has been designed for 13 GHz bandwidth with 15 dB single-ended gain. The amplifier structure consumes 450 mW from a −3.3 V supply. Parameters value of this amplifier were obtained from pre-layout and post-layout simulations.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128222639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8448192
H. Kabakchiev, V. Behar, I. Garvanov, D. Kabakchieva, A. Kabakchiev, H. Rohling, M. Bentum, J. Fernandes
Two detection algorithms (heuristic and CFAR) for target detection in pulsar FSR are analyzed using the simulation approach. The simulation results are verified by processing of the experimental data obtained by the radio observatory Dwingeloo in the Netherlands. The simulation and experimental results proved that the CFAR detection algorithm is more effective than the heuristic algorithm and can be successfully used in a pulsar FSR system for protection of air space from unwanted air objects.
{"title":"Comparison of Two Algorithms for Signal Detection in Pulsarbased FSR","authors":"H. Kabakchiev, V. Behar, I. Garvanov, D. Kabakchieva, A. Kabakchiev, H. Rohling, M. Bentum, J. Fernandes","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8448192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8448192","url":null,"abstract":"Two detection algorithms (heuristic and CFAR) for target detection in pulsar FSR are analyzed using the simulation approach. The simulation results are verified by processing of the experimental data obtained by the radio observatory Dwingeloo in the Netherlands. The simulation and experimental results proved that the CFAR detection algorithm is more effective than the heuristic algorithm and can be successfully used in a pulsar FSR system for protection of air space from unwanted air objects.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121602933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8447979
Le Yang, Gang Li
In this paper, we aim to recognize dynamic hand gestures by analyzing the sparse micro-Doppler radar signatures collected by dual-band radar sensors. The radar echoes are firstly mapped into the time-frequency domain through the Gaussian-windowed Fourier dictionary at each radar sensor. Then the sparse time-frequency features are extracted via the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm. Finally, the sparse time-frequency features extracted at dual-band radar sensors are fused and inputted into the modified-Hausdorff-distance-based nearest neighbor (NN) classifier to achieve the dynamic hand gesture classification. The experimental results based on the measured data demonstrate that 1) the classification accuracy using dual-band radar sensors is higher than that using only single band radar sensor; 2) the classification accuracy can be improved as the percentage of training data is increased.
{"title":"Sparsity Aware Dynamic Gesture Classification Using Dual-band Radar","authors":"Le Yang, Gang Li","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8447979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8447979","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we aim to recognize dynamic hand gestures by analyzing the sparse micro-Doppler radar signatures collected by dual-band radar sensors. The radar echoes are firstly mapped into the time-frequency domain through the Gaussian-windowed Fourier dictionary at each radar sensor. Then the sparse time-frequency features are extracted via the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm. Finally, the sparse time-frequency features extracted at dual-band radar sensors are fused and inputted into the modified-Hausdorff-distance-based nearest neighbor (NN) classifier to achieve the dynamic hand gesture classification. The experimental results based on the measured data demonstrate that 1) the classification accuracy using dual-band radar sensors is higher than that using only single band radar sensor; 2) the classification accuracy can be improved as the percentage of training data is increased.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122577419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8448138
S. Jang, Chang-Soo Ahn, Gyu-Churl Park, Taehyung Kim, Seonjoo Kim
This paper describes an airborne radar beam stabilization and clutter measurement result by flight trials using a cargo aircraft(C-130H). We installed the radar demonstrator on the ramp door in C-130H aircraft. Radar beam stabilization function was checked during the platform maneuvering. Ground clutter was measured in backward direction during flight trials. The measured data compared with the simulated results generated by the ground clutter model using the selected radar waveform. Through this case study, we validate that the beam stabilization function and ground clutter model is reasonable and a cargo aircraft can be used for further radar flight trials.
{"title":"A Case Study of the Beam Stabilization and Ground Clutter Measurement by a Cargo Aircraft Flight Trials","authors":"S. Jang, Chang-Soo Ahn, Gyu-Churl Park, Taehyung Kim, Seonjoo Kim","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8448138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8448138","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an airborne radar beam stabilization and clutter measurement result by flight trials using a cargo aircraft(C-130H). We installed the radar demonstrator on the ramp door in C-130H aircraft. Radar beam stabilization function was checked during the platform maneuvering. Ground clutter was measured in backward direction during flight trials. The measured data compared with the simulated results generated by the ground clutter model using the selected radar waveform. Through this case study, we validate that the beam stabilization function and ground clutter model is reasonable and a cargo aircraft can be used for further radar flight trials.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127860189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8448059
C. Kabakchiev, I. Garvanov, V. Behar, A. Kabakchiev, D. Kabakchieva, H. Rohling, Krzysztof Kulpa, A. Yarovoy
In this paper, by comparing the GPS shadow parameters of the same cars obtainedf om the same satellites and recorded by the two different systems under the same conditions, the Stereo dual GNSSfi ont end (NSL’s) and the GPS recording system of the Colorado University, we assess indirectly the capabilities of the new system for FSR applications.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Two GPS Forward Scattering Systems For Cars Parameter Estimation","authors":"C. Kabakchiev, I. Garvanov, V. Behar, A. Kabakchiev, D. Kabakchieva, H. Rohling, Krzysztof Kulpa, A. Yarovoy","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8448059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8448059","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, by comparing the GPS shadow parameters of the same cars obtainedf om the same satellites and recorded by the two different systems under the same conditions, the Stereo dual GNSSfi ont end (NSL’s) and the GPS recording system of the Colorado University, we assess indirectly the capabilities of the new system for FSR applications.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127961270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8447927
Michał Knioła, T. Rogala
High range and Doppler resolution is a significant issue in both RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging) and SODAR (Sound Detection and Ranging) applications. Despite the many common features of the RADAR and SODAR systems, a very large difference in the frequency of the signal forces a thorough analysis of the emitted probing signals. This article presents the results of research aimed at determining parameters of complex waveforms responsible for obtaining suitable range/Doppler resolution using low frequency signals for SODAR applications.
{"title":"Low frequency signals analysis for range and Doppler high resolution SODAR applications","authors":"Michał Knioła, T. Rogala","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8447927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8447927","url":null,"abstract":"High range and Doppler resolution is a significant issue in both RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging) and SODAR (Sound Detection and Ranging) applications. Despite the many common features of the RADAR and SODAR systems, a very large difference in the frequency of the signal forces a thorough analysis of the emitted probing signals. This article presents the results of research aimed at determining parameters of complex waveforms responsible for obtaining suitable range/Doppler resolution using low frequency signals for SODAR applications.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132598788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8447995
A. Al-Khalidi, K. Alharbi, Jue Wang, E. Wasige
This paper presents a compact, low power consumption and low cost resonant tunneling diode (RTD) based terahertz (THz) source technology for automotive radar applications. Large RTD sizes of 4×4 μm2 are manufactured using the low cost photolithography technology with a total chip size of 470×530 μm2. The measured oscillation frequency was 260 GHz and the oscillator exhibits a low power consumption of 200 mW and a record output power of 1 mW.
{"title":"A Compact Terahertz Source Technology for Automotive Radar and Other Applications","authors":"A. Al-Khalidi, K. Alharbi, Jue Wang, E. Wasige","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8447995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8447995","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a compact, low power consumption and low cost resonant tunneling diode (RTD) based terahertz (THz) source technology for automotive radar applications. Large RTD sizes of 4×4 μm<sup>2</sup> are manufactured using the low cost photolithography technology with a total chip size of 470×530 μm<sup>2</sup>. The measured oscillation frequency was 260 GHz and the oscillator exhibits a low power consumption of 200 mW and a record output power of 1 mW.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128164090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8448183
O. Ouchetto, Said Jai-Andaloussi, A. Sekkaki, S. Zaamoun
This paper presents a new technique for evaluating the effective constitutive parameters of the periodic artificial composite structures or materials. In this method, the elementary cell is decomposed into fictional vertical layers. In each layer, the normal vector to the surface between two different materials is constant. The final expressions of the effective parameters are expressed as function of those of the fictive layers. In order to validate the proposed approach and the analytical expressions, the numerical results are presented and confronted with the results of the multi-scale homogenization method which uses the finite element method.
{"title":"Analytical Effective Parameters of Artificial Structures","authors":"O. Ouchetto, Said Jai-Andaloussi, A. Sekkaki, S. Zaamoun","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8448183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8448183","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new technique for evaluating the effective constitutive parameters of the periodic artificial composite structures or materials. In this method, the elementary cell is decomposed into fictional vertical layers. In each layer, the normal vector to the surface between two different materials is constant. The final expressions of the effective parameters are expressed as function of those of the fictive layers. In order to validate the proposed approach and the analytical expressions, the numerical results are presented and confronted with the results of the multi-scale homogenization method which uses the finite element method.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"206 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131724625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8447994
S. Levantino, C. Samori
This paper discusses the most recent advances in the design of fast chirp modulators in modern CMOS processes for FMCW radar applications. Saw-tooth chirps with large amplitude and short repetition period are needed to achieve at the same time tight spatial resolution and large duty cycle, but they require an extremely fast frequency modulator. The direct-FM modulation of a fractional-N phase-locked loop does not allow to reach such values. To solve this issue, digital PLLs have been investigating in these years, combined with two main speed-enhancement techniques, namely the signal preemphasis and the two-point injection. A 65-nm CMOS chirp modulator is fabricated, which adopts an innovative digital PLL topology with two-point injection and automatic predistortion of the modulation signal. The digital circuitry tracks and compensates in the background for process and environmental variations. The modulator is capable to generate a saw-tooth chirp signal with up to 416MHz peak-to-peak amplitude around 22GHz, with repetition period down to $1.2 {mu } mathrm {s}$ and idle time of 140ns. The measured phase noise is -101dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset and the power consumption is about 19.7mW.
本文讨论了用于FMCW雷达的现代CMOS工艺中快速调制器设计的最新进展。为了实现紧凑的空间分辨率和大占空比，需要具有大振幅和短重复周期的锯齿状啁啾，但这需要极快的调频器。分数n锁相环的直接调频调制不允许达到这样的值。为了解决这个问题，近年来一直在研究数字锁相环，并结合两种主要的速度增强技术，即信号预强调和两点注入。制作了一种65 nm的CMOS调制器，该调制器采用创新的数字锁相环拓扑结构，具有两点注入和调制信号的自动预失真。数字电路在后台跟踪和补偿过程和环境的变化。该调制器能够在22GHz左右产生峰值幅值高达416MHz的锯齿状啁啾信号，重复周期低至$1.2 {mu}} m {s}$，空闲时间为140ns。测量的相位噪声为-101dBc/Hz，功耗约为19.7mW。
{"title":"Digitally-Assisted Frequency Synthesizers for Fast Chirp Generation in mm-Wave radars","authors":"S. Levantino, C. Samori","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8447994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8447994","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the most recent advances in the design of fast chirp modulators in modern CMOS processes for FMCW radar applications. Saw-tooth chirps with large amplitude and short repetition period are needed to achieve at the same time tight spatial resolution and large duty cycle, but they require an extremely fast frequency modulator. The direct-FM modulation of a fractional-N phase-locked loop does not allow to reach such values. To solve this issue, digital PLLs have been investigating in these years, combined with two main speed-enhancement techniques, namely the signal preemphasis and the two-point injection. A 65-nm CMOS chirp modulator is fabricated, which adopts an innovative digital PLL topology with two-point injection and automatic predistortion of the modulation signal. The digital circuitry tracks and compensates in the background for process and environmental variations. The modulator is capable to generate a saw-tooth chirp signal with up to 416MHz peak-to-peak amplitude around 22GHz, with repetition period down to $1.2 {mu } mathrm {s}$ and idle time of 140ns. The measured phase noise is -101dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset and the power consumption is about 19.7mW.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134432896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8447992
J. Bredemeyer, T. Schrader, Sergei Sandmann
A passive bistatic radar (PBR) constellation of a radar transmitter, wind turbines as targets and an unmanned aerial system (UAS) carrying the receiver is used for scattering measurements and discrimination between single wind turbine (WT) echoes. Since the geometry is fully known, the radar echo gained from the WT is related to its reflectivity across the flight altitude of the UAS. These results are compared against computer simulations of the same scenario.
{"title":"Measurements for Classification of Single Wind Turbine Echoes","authors":"J. Bredemeyer, T. Schrader, Sergei Sandmann","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8447992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8447992","url":null,"abstract":"A passive bistatic radar (PBR) constellation of a radar transmitter, wind turbines as targets and an unmanned aerial system (UAS) carrying the receiver is used for scattering measurements and discrimination between single wind turbine (WT) echoes. Since the geometry is fully known, the radar echo gained from the WT is related to its reflectivity across the flight altitude of the UAS. These results are compared against computer simulations of the same scenario.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133922393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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