Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8448047
Mohamad Mostafa, S. Chamaani, J. Sachs
Recently, Ultra-Wideband (UWB) radar has been used for vital signs detection and monitoring due to its inherent features. Here the purpose is to remotely detect and monitor the heartbeat signal of a person in home. For this, different techniques are applied to the signal collected using a M-sequence UWB radar from the neck, in order to estimate the heartbeat rate and to suppress the clutter. The moving average method is used to remove the stationary clutter, after that, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is applied to the signal to cancel the non-stationary clutter. Finally, Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is used for the estimation of the heartbeat rate. The measurement results show that the algorithm has a good performance in detecting heartbeat motions, and its rate has been also estimated.
{"title":"Applying singular value decomposition for clutter reduction in heartbeat estimation using M-sequence UWB Radar","authors":"Mohamad Mostafa, S. Chamaani, J. Sachs","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8448047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8448047","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, Ultra-Wideband (UWB) radar has been used for vital signs detection and monitoring due to its inherent features. Here the purpose is to remotely detect and monitor the heartbeat signal of a person in home. For this, different techniques are applied to the signal collected using a M-sequence UWB radar from the neck, in order to estimate the heartbeat rate and to suppress the clutter. The moving average method is used to remove the stationary clutter, after that, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is applied to the signal to cancel the non-stationary clutter. Finally, Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is used for the estimation of the heartbeat rate. The measurement results show that the algorithm has a good performance in detecting heartbeat motions, and its rate has been also estimated.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121015944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8448271
Alois Ascher, R. Lenz, Steffen Heuel
Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) based on automotive radar sensors are safety relevant systems, which drivers have to rely on. As the number of radar sensors increases in daily traffic, the probability of a radar sensor being interfered by the transmit signal of other radar sensors also increases. Now, the received echo signals of the surrounding objects are interfered by all transmit radar signals of other radar sensors. In order to verify proper echo signal detection also in a highly populated electro-magnetic spectrum, testing radar sensors in the lab against various interfering signals becomes a must. This paper introduces a novel approach to test the robustness of automotive radar sensors’ in the lab with realistic scenarios. The measurement setup as well as the testing procedure are explained. Exemplary measurements clarify the importance of testing the robustness of automotive radar sensors against interferers.
{"title":"A novel approach to measure the automotive radar sensor’s robustness against interferers in the lab with realistic scenarios","authors":"Alois Ascher, R. Lenz, Steffen Heuel","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8448271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8448271","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) based on automotive radar sensors are safety relevant systems, which drivers have to rely on. As the number of radar sensors increases in daily traffic, the probability of a radar sensor being interfered by the transmit signal of other radar sensors also increases. Now, the received echo signals of the surrounding objects are interfered by all transmit radar signals of other radar sensors. In order to verify proper echo signal detection also in a highly populated electro-magnetic spectrum, testing radar sensors in the lab against various interfering signals becomes a must. This paper introduces a novel approach to test the robustness of automotive radar sensors’ in the lab with realistic scenarios. The measurement setup as well as the testing procedure are explained. Exemplary measurements clarify the importance of testing the robustness of automotive radar sensors against interferers.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115590101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8447933
J. Rama, R. Herschel, W. Heinrich
By use of a simplified mathematical model assuming far-field conditions and time-harmonic transmitted electromagnetic waves, the SAR trajectory (SAR = synthetic aperture radar) for a millimeter wave 3D radar scanner is identified with a planar (2D) synthetic array. Design criteria for sparse random SAR trajectories are formulated by adapting the well-known theory of conventional random arrays to the case of synthetic random arrays. Theoretical results are verified by numerical simulations and experiments. An example of a sparse synthetic random array with high angular resolution and reasonable sidelobe suppression is presented, which uses only about 1% of the number of measurement positions in a full synthetic array of the same size (i.e., an array with periodically distributed measurement positions, satisfying some Nyquist condition). This implies an enormous reduction of measurement time and of the amount of raw data.
{"title":"Sparse Random SAR Trajectories for a Millimeter Wave 3D Radar Scanner","authors":"J. Rama, R. Herschel, W. Heinrich","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8447933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8447933","url":null,"abstract":"By use of a simplified mathematical model assuming far-field conditions and time-harmonic transmitted electromagnetic waves, the SAR trajectory (SAR = synthetic aperture radar) for a millimeter wave 3D radar scanner is identified with a planar (2D) synthetic array. Design criteria for sparse random SAR trajectories are formulated by adapting the well-known theory of conventional random arrays to the case of synthetic random arrays. Theoretical results are verified by numerical simulations and experiments. An example of a sparse synthetic random array with high angular resolution and reasonable sidelobe suppression is presented, which uses only about 1% of the number of measurement positions in a full synthetic array of the same size (i.e., an array with periodically distributed measurement positions, satisfying some Nyquist condition). This implies an enormous reduction of measurement time and of the amount of raw data.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"256 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122818685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8448005
Alexey Nekrasov, A. Khachaturian
A conceptual approach for the sea-surface wind retrieval by the Doppler navigation system (DNS) operated as a three-beam scatterometer is considered. DNS has a track-stabilized antenna with three Y-configured beams. The applicability of the proposed approach and associated errors of the sea wind recovery are estimated with the help of Monte Carlo computational simulations.
{"title":"Y-Configured Three-Beam Doppler Navigation System as a Sea Wind Sensor","authors":"Alexey Nekrasov, A. Khachaturian","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8448005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8448005","url":null,"abstract":"A conceptual approach for the sea-surface wind retrieval by the Doppler navigation system (DNS) operated as a three-beam scatterometer is considered. DNS has a track-stabilized antenna with three Y-configured beams. The applicability of the proposed approach and associated errors of the sea wind recovery are estimated with the help of Monte Carlo computational simulations.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132556317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8448235
Shai Segal, A. Logvinenko, A. Slapak
A simple method to improve detection and false alarm rates in obstacle detection applications is tracking objects in time. However, the performance of trackers is heavily dependent on good continuity of the tracking process. Occlusions of objects are a key challenge for continuous tracking and may cause a tracker to disassociate from its target. In the famework of radar for detection of obstacles, especially in a multi-target environment, occlusions of objects frequently occur, thus deteriorating the effectiveness of a tracker. In this work, the phenomenology of such occlusions is discussed, and a method for handling occlusion is presented The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated with an extended Kalman filter, which tracks measurements taken in drive tests and in-flight tests with a pulse-Doppler polarimetric radarfor detection ofwires andpylons.
{"title":"Occlusion Handling in Radar for Detection of Obstacles Based on Tracking Model","authors":"Shai Segal, A. Logvinenko, A. Slapak","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8448235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8448235","url":null,"abstract":"A simple method to improve detection and false alarm rates in obstacle detection applications is tracking objects in time. However, the performance of trackers is heavily dependent on good continuity of the tracking process. Occlusions of objects are a key challenge for continuous tracking and may cause a tracker to disassociate from its target. In the famework of radar for detection of obstacles, especially in a multi-target environment, occlusions of objects frequently occur, thus deteriorating the effectiveness of a tracker. In this work, the phenomenology of such occlusions is discussed, and a method for handling occlusion is presented The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated with an extended Kalman filter, which tracks measurements taken in drive tests and in-flight tests with a pulse-Doppler polarimetric radarfor detection ofwires andpylons.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128732004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8448009
E. Marchetti, L. Daniel, E. Hoare, F. Norouzian, M. Cherniakov, M. Gashinova
Knowledge on radar reflectivity of typical road targets is essential to develop robust detection algorithms for automotive sensor system. Measurement results of a typical passenger car at 300 GHz are presented for the frst time and compared with measurement results at the reference frequency of 24 GHz. Measurements are undertaken in a typical road environment with the aid of a computer controlled turntable to collect backscatter data at 360 aspect angles of the car. The measurement methodology with an analysis of the experimental setup and calibration procedure are presented
{"title":"Radar Reflectivity of a Passenger Car at 300 GHz","authors":"E. Marchetti, L. Daniel, E. Hoare, F. Norouzian, M. Cherniakov, M. Gashinova","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8448009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8448009","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge on radar reflectivity of typical road targets is essential to develop robust detection algorithms for automotive sensor system. Measurement results of a typical passenger car at 300 GHz are presented for the frst time and compared with measurement results at the reference frequency of 24 GHz. Measurements are undertaken in a typical road environment with the aid of a computer controlled turntable to collect backscatter data at 360 aspect angles of the car. The measurement methodology with an analysis of the experimental setup and calibration procedure are presented","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123716463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8448008
D. Yim, S. Cho
In this paper we propose a system that recognizes the location and direction of a target in an indoor environment using impulse radio ultra wideband (IR-UWB) radar. The position measurement using IR-UWB radar uses at least two radars in the conventional algorithm, but assuming that the object is a point, the volume of the object is not considered at all. So it is impossible to predict where the real center of the body is located, and what kind of behavior it is, by only locating it by the reflection signal to the surface of the object. However, if we use the distance information of each of the four radars, we can measure the accurate position of the target and the direction of the target’s body. We can also see what behavior patterns we have, and there is no privacy problem at all. In order to verify the proposed system, we installed a radar in four directions in the room and experimented with humans. We could track the position of the object and measure the direction of the body in real time.
{"title":"Indoor Positioning and Body Direction Measurement System Using IR-UWB Radar","authors":"D. Yim, S. Cho","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8448008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8448008","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we propose a system that recognizes the location and direction of a target in an indoor environment using impulse radio ultra wideband (IR-UWB) radar. The position measurement using IR-UWB radar uses at least two radars in the conventional algorithm, but assuming that the object is a point, the volume of the object is not considered at all. So it is impossible to predict where the real center of the body is located, and what kind of behavior it is, by only locating it by the reflection signal to the surface of the object. However, if we use the distance information of each of the four radars, we can measure the accurate position of the target and the direction of the target’s body. We can also see what behavior patterns we have, and there is no privacy problem at all. In order to verify the proposed system, we installed a radar in four directions in the room and experimented with humans. We could track the position of the object and measure the direction of the body in real time.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"87 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114086205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8447963
Daniel A. Brooks, Olivier Schwander, F. Barbaresco, J. Schneider, M. Cord
This work builds temporal deep learning architectures for the classification of time-frequency signal representations on a novel model of simulated radar datasets. We show and compare the success of these models and validate the interest of temporal structures to gain on classification confidence over time.
{"title":"Temporal Deep Learning for Drone Micro-Doppler Classification","authors":"Daniel A. Brooks, Olivier Schwander, F. Barbaresco, J. Schneider, M. Cord","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8447963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8447963","url":null,"abstract":"This work builds temporal deep learning architectures for the classification of time-frequency signal representations on a novel model of simulated radar datasets. We show and compare the success of these models and validate the interest of temporal structures to gain on classification confidence over time.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116884964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8447957
Ileana Milani, F. Colone, P. Lombardo
The aim of the work is to investigate the performance of two localization techniques based on WiFi signals: the WiFi-based passive radar and a device-based technique that exploits the measurement of angle of arrival (AoA) and time difference of arrival. This paper focuses specifically on the accuracy of the AoA measurements. As expected, the results show that for both techniques the AoA accuracy depends on the signal-to-noise ratio also in terms of the number of exploited received signal samples. For the passive radar, very accurate estimates are obtained; however, loss of detections can appear only when the rate of the Access Point packets is strongly reduced. In contrast, device-based estimates accuracy is lower, since it suffers of the limited number of emitted packets when the device is not uploading data. However, it allows localization also of stationary targets, which is impossible for the passive radar. This suggests that the two techniques are complementary and their fusion could provide a sensibly increase performance with respect to the individual techniques.
{"title":"2D Localization with WiFi Passive Radar and Device-Based Techniques: An Analysis of Target Measurements Accuracy","authors":"Ileana Milani, F. Colone, P. Lombardo","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8447957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8447957","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work is to investigate the performance of two localization techniques based on WiFi signals: the WiFi-based passive radar and a device-based technique that exploits the measurement of angle of arrival (AoA) and time difference of arrival. This paper focuses specifically on the accuracy of the AoA measurements. As expected, the results show that for both techniques the AoA accuracy depends on the signal-to-noise ratio also in terms of the number of exploited received signal samples. For the passive radar, very accurate estimates are obtained; however, loss of detections can appear only when the rate of the Access Point packets is strongly reduced. In contrast, device-based estimates accuracy is lower, since it suffers of the limited number of emitted packets when the device is not uploading data. However, it allows localization also of stationary targets, which is impossible for the passive radar. This suggests that the two techniques are complementary and their fusion could provide a sensibly increase performance with respect to the individual techniques.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115516980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-01DOI: 10.23919/IRS.2018.8448260
Sassan Schäfer, A. Diewald, Daniel Schmiech, Simon Müller
The authors present a dedicated antenna array for observation of elderly people in their home with a 24 GHz digital beamforming radar system (DBF). The an- tenna is a one-dimensional series-feed traveling wave patch array at 24 GHz. In this paper the antenna is specified and the development is explained. Finally simulations and measurement are compared to each other.
{"title":"One-dimensional Patch Array for Microwave-based Vital Sign Monitoring of Elderly People","authors":"Sassan Schäfer, A. Diewald, Daniel Schmiech, Simon Müller","doi":"10.23919/IRS.2018.8448260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IRS.2018.8448260","url":null,"abstract":"The authors present a dedicated antenna array for observation of elderly people in their home with a 24 GHz digital beamforming radar system (DBF). The an- tenna is a one-dimensional series-feed traveling wave patch array at 24 GHz. In this paper the antenna is specified and the development is explained. Finally simulations and measurement are compared to each other.","PeriodicalId":436201,"journal":{"name":"2018 19th International Radar Symposium (IRS)","volume":"193 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123017113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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