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The influence of psychological capital on the growth intentions of entrepreneurs: A study on Malaysian SME entrepreneurs 心理资本对企业家成长意愿的影响——以马来西亚中小企业企业家为例
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.15208/BEH.2017.38
Mohd Hizam Hanafiah, Sheikh Usman Yousaf, Bushra Usman
Growth of entrepreneurial ventures plays important role in a country’s economic development and entrepreneurs’ growth intention is considered as an important predictor of their venture growth. On the other hand, Psychological capital (PsyCap) is one such resource which can influence attitudes and behaviours like growth intentions of entrepreneurs. This study is aimed to investigate the relationship between psychological capital and growth intentions of entrepreneurs specifically in Malaysian context. The data was collected from 275 Malaysian SME entrepreneurs and Regression analysis reveals that PsyCap, as a core construct, positively and significantly influences the growth intentions of entrepreneurs. Further, it is also identified that two out of four dimensions of PsyCap (hope and self-efficacy) have significant and positive influence on entrepreneurs’ growth intentions. It is also revealed that PsyCap, as a core construct, more powerfully predicts the growth intentions as compared to its first order constructs separately. This finding highlights the significance of PsyCap as a core construct in entrepreneurial researches. It contributes knowledge to psychological capital and entrepreneurship literature and also has implications for existing and prospective entrepreneurs as well as government and private bodies.
创业企业的成长在一个国家的经济发展中起着重要的作用,企业家的成长意愿被认为是其创业成长的重要预测因素。另一方面,心理资本(PsyCap)就是这样一种资源,它可以影响企业家的态度和行为,如成长意图。本研究旨在探讨马来西亚企业家心理资本与成长意向之间的关系。对275名马来西亚中小企业企业家的数据进行了回归分析,发现PsyCap作为核心结构对企业家的成长意愿有显著的正向影响。此外,我们还发现PsyCap的四个维度中有两个(希望和自我效能)对企业家的成长意愿有显著的正向影响。研究还表明,PsyCap作为一个核心结构,比其单独的一阶结构更能有效地预测增长意图。这一发现凸显了PsyCap作为创业研究核心结构的重要性。它为心理资本和创业文献提供知识,并对现有和未来的企业家以及政府和私人机构产生影响。
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引用次数: 14
Does foreign ownership impact accounting conservatism adoption in Vietnam 外资所有权是否影响越南会计稳健性的采用
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.15208/BEH.2017.21
Tuan Bach Le, D. Pavelková, Thi Thanh Binh Do, Minh Vu Ngo
This study investigates the effects of foreign ownership on accounting conservatism adoption in Vietnam. Although foreign ownership is found to have a positive relationship with accounting conservatism in Korea (An, 2015), there is still no general agreement on it. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to shed more light on the association between foreign ownership and accounting conservatism. Using data from Vietnamese firms listed on stock exchanges, the study finds that in contrast to the findings of An, foreign ownership is negatively associated with accounting conservatism. This result supports the transient hypothesis of foreign ownership, indicating that foreign investors with the low level of ownership do not have significant incentives to oversee managers, thus not influencing financial reporting quality.
本研究探讨外资所有权对越南会计稳健性采用的影响。尽管在韩国发现外资所有权与会计稳健性呈正相关关系(An, 2015),但仍未达成普遍共识。在这方面,本研究的目的是阐明外资所有权与会计稳健性之间的关系。利用越南证券交易所上市公司的数据,该研究发现,与An的研究结果相反,外资所有权与会计稳健性呈负相关。这一结果支持外资所有权的暂态假设,表明低持股水平的外国投资者对管理者的监督动机不显著,因此不影响财务报告质量。
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引用次数: 7
SMME attitudes towards financial bootstrapping: A perspective from a developing economy 中小企业对金融自助的态度:一个发展中经济体的视角
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.15208/BEH.2017.25
Bonginkosi Keith Zwane, C. J. Nyide
The national and international literature and research on SMMEs has been developed very strongly in the last decade. There have been many successful attempts on the part of many researchers and scholars to unpack new and innovative dimensions of SMMEs’ operations, behaviour, attitudes, functions and other dynamics that boost, sustain or impede their growth and development. There is, however, a gap in research, regarding a very distinct practice within SMMEs in developing economies, that of bootstrapping. This study, therefore, used a sample chosen on a non-probability basis using convenience sampling of small business owners within the eThekwini Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. 83 participants completed the questionnaire. The study found that the practice of financial bootstrapping was very high amongst the investigated SMMEs. The use of financial bootstrapping within SMMEs is coincidental. The majority of the respondents indicated that they did not undergo any formal training on the use of financial bootstrapping methods.
在过去十年中,关于中小企业的国内和国际文献和研究得到了非常有力的发展。许多研究人员和学者已经进行了许多成功的尝试,以揭示中小企业的运营、行为、态度、功能和其他促进、维持或阻碍其成长和发展的动态的新的和创新的维度。然而,关于发展中经济体中小企业内部的一种非常独特的做法,即自力更生,在研究方面存在差距。因此,本研究采用非概率抽样方法,对南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省德班尼市的小企业主进行方便抽样。83名参与者完成了问卷调查。研究发现,在被调查的中小企业中,财务自主的实践非常高。在中小企业中使用财务自助是巧合。大多数受访者表示,他们没有接受过任何关于使用财务自助方法的正式培训。
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引用次数: 3
Public and private investment and economic growth in Zimbabwe: An empirical test 津巴布韦的公共和私人投资与经济增长:一个实证检验
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.15208/BEH.2017.05
Garikai Makuyana, N. Odhiambo
This study performs an examination on the impact of public and private investment on economic growth in Zimbabwe from 1970 to 2014. In addition to estimating the economic growth model, the study also estimates the crowding effect of public investment on private investment. The study utilised the newly developed ARDL-bounds testing approach with better small sample properties than the traditional cointegration techniques. The results show that while public investment has higher short-run impact on economic growth than private investment, in the long run, private investment contributed more to economic growth than public investment. In addition, the results reported the crowding-in effect on private investment of infrastructural public investment in the long run and gross public investment in the short run. Furthermore, the results found the crowding-out effect on private investment of gross public investment in the long run and non-infrastructural public investment in the short run. The results suggest that the short-run and long-run contribution to economic growth of private investment in Zimbabwe can be improved by cutting back on non-infrastructural public investment to necessary minimum level while stimulating the growth in infrastructural public investment.
本研究考察了1970年至2014年津巴布韦公共和私人投资对经济增长的影响。除了估算经济增长模型外,本文还估算了公共投资对私人投资的拥挤效应。该研究利用了新开发的ardl界检验方法,比传统的协整技术具有更好的小样本特性。结果表明,虽然公共投资对经济增长的短期影响高于私人投资,但从长期来看,私人投资对经济增长的贡献大于公共投资。此外,结果还报告了长期基础设施公共投资和短期总公共投资对私人投资的拥挤效应。此外,研究结果还发现,在长期和短期内,公共总投资和非基础设施公共投资对私人投资存在挤出效应。研究结果表明,在刺激基础设施公共投资增长的同时,将非基础设施公共投资削减到必要的最低水平,可以提高津巴布韦私人投资对经济增长的短期和长期贡献。
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引用次数: 10
Description of world GDP rate changes by using discrete dynamic model 用离散动态模型描述世界GDP增长率变化
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.15208/BEH.2017.06
Anatoly Kilyachkov, L. Chaldaeva, Nikolay Kilyachkov
The rate of world GDP is changing periodically. A discrete dynamic model (DDM) describes this process. The model is based on the assumption that the global economy has certain “inertia”. This allows us to describe the rate of change of global GDP in the subsequent year as a function of its change in the preceding year. This function can be approximated by using a finite number of terms of its Taylor series. A methodologically more rigorous approach is proposed for approximating the rate of world GDP change on non-overlapping time intervals. Radii of convergence were determined for approximating polynomials for these time ranges. Studies have shown the dependence of the shape of the radius of convergence from the nature of the convergence. DDM has a practical significance because it allows identifying the change in a character of economic dynamics without prior assumptions about the factors driving this trend.
世界GDP的比率是周期性变化的。离散动态模型(DDM)描述了这一过程。该模型基于全球经济具有一定“惯性”的假设。这使我们能够将随后一年的全球GDP变化率描述为前一年变化的函数。这个函数可以用它的泰勒级数的有限项来近似。提出了一种方法上更严格的方法来近似世界国内生产总值在非重叠时间间隔上的变化率。在这些时间范围内,确定了近似多项式的收敛半径。研究表明,收敛半径的形状依赖于收敛的性质。DDM具有实际意义,因为它允许识别经济动态特征的变化,而无需事先假设驱动这一趋势的因素。
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引用次数: 3
Ownership structure and performance of professional service firms in a declining industry: Evidence from Vietnamese securities firms 衰退行业中专业服务公司的股权结构与绩效:来自越南证券公司的证据
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.15208/BEH.2017.11
Thien Hoang Nguyen, Xuan Minh Nguyen, Thien Hai Nguyen, Quoc Trung Tran
This study posits that the declining industry is a good institutional environment to examine the relationship between ownership structure and firm performance of Vietnamese securities firms. This downturn decreases the return on investment of the industry and creates incentives for managers to expropriate shareholders more severely. In addition, different groups of shareholders recognizing the status of the industry may have their own reactions which are likely to affect firm performance. Using pooled OLS regression with a sample of 240 observations from 56 Vietnamese securities firms over the period from 2009 to 2016, we find supporting evidence of convergence-of-interest with a significantly negative relationship between insider ownership and profitability. In addition, foreign ownership is also positively related to firm performance. Firm size affects positively firm performance while number of employees has a negative impact on profitability.
本研究认为,衰退的行业是检验越南证券公司股权结构与公司绩效关系的良好制度环境。这种低迷降低了该行业的投资回报率,并促使管理者更严厉地剥夺股东的利益。此外,认识到行业地位的不同股东群体可能会有自己的反应,这可能会影响公司的业绩。利用2009年至2016年期间来自56家越南证券公司的240个观察样本的汇总OLS回归,我们发现了利益趋同的支持证据,内部人所有权与盈利能力之间存在显著的负相关关系。此外,外资持股也与公司绩效呈正相关。企业规模对企业绩效有正向影响,员工数量对盈利能力有负向影响。
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引用次数: 5
Community-Based Enterprise Export Strategy Success: Thailand's OTOP Branding Program 以社区为基础的企业出口战略的成功:泰国的OTOP品牌计划
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.15208/BEH.2017.27
Vipada Sitabutr, Samart Deebhijarn
Thailand’s One Tambon One Product (OTOP) branded handicraft and food export program in 2016 reached nearly US$3billion, with products coming from approximately 6,000 community-based enterprises (CBE) and small-medium enterprises (SME) countrywide. The OTOP movement is a global program, with communities in China, Malawi, South Africa, Thailand, Laos, and the Philippines. This study examined the influences of perceived quality, competitiveness, trust, and distribution satisfaction on entrepreneurial export performance strategy using the OTOP product brand. Structural equation modeling used LISREL Version 9.1 to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis and test the hypothesized inter-relationships on the variables influencing export performance strategy. Results showed that product quality, trust, distribution capability, and competitiveness are important factors influencing export performance strategy. It was also interesting to note that the majority of the 500 entrepreneurs (94.4%) either owned or worked in groups that had 50 or less employees.
2016年,泰国的One Tambon One Product (OTOP)品牌手工艺品和食品出口计划达到近30亿美元,产品来自全国约6000家社区企业(CBE)和中小企业(SME)。OTOP运动是一个全球性的项目,在中国、马拉维、南非、泰国、老挝和菲律宾都有社区。本研究以OTOP产品品牌为研究对象,考察知觉品质、竞争力、信任与分销满意度对企业出口绩效策略的影响。结构方程建模采用LISREL Version 9.1进行验证性因子分析,对影响出口绩效策略的变量进行假设的相互关系检验。结果表明,产品质量、信任、分销能力和竞争力是影响出口绩效策略的重要因素。同样有趣的是,500名企业家中的大多数(94.4%)拥有或工作的团队人数不超过50人。
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引用次数: 5
Applying Benford's law into Jordanian Insurance Companies to Identify Earning's Manipulations 运用本福德法则识别约旦保险公司的盈余操纵
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.15208/BEH.2017.16
F. Al-rawashdeh
This study is based on Benford’s law, which is widely used by researchers to find the indicators of manipulations of revenues and earnings. This study was conducted to ascertain the existence of indicators of manipulations in a 25 insurance companies in Jordan. Both the revenue and net income were taken from the companies' financial statements presented for the period from 2000 to 2015. The studied companies have been divided into two groups. The first group covered the firms that achieved a positive net income (profit) and the second group covered the companies that achieved a negative net income (loss). The earning manipulations existence is evaluated by testing the first digit and the second digit of the observations that are extracted from the financial statements of the listed insurance companies in Amman Stock Exchange.
本研究基于本福德定律,该定律被研究人员广泛用于寻找操纵收入和收益的指标。本研究旨在确定约旦25家保险公司存在操纵指标。收入和净收入均来自公司2000年至2015年期间的财务报表。被研究的公司被分为两组。第一组涵盖了净收入为正(利润)的公司,第二组涵盖了净收入为负(亏损)的公司。通过测试从安曼证券交易所上市保险公司的财务报表中提取的观察值的第一位数和第二位来评估盈余操纵的存在。
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引用次数: 3
Faculty's Turnover in Private Higher Learning Institutions: a Phenomenal Inquiry 民办高校教师流失现象研究
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.15208/BEH.2017.13
V. Ramasamy, N. H. Abdullah
The quality of the faculty is one of the most important components of higher education’s quality assurance. Turnover among faculty, however, could undermine the efficiency, productivity and in some occasions, threats the institution’s long-term survival. Preliminary interviews with human resource personnel of selected private higher institutions revealed a high turnover rate of 18%. This qualitative phenomenological study explored the reason on why faculty resigns their job. In-depth interviews were conducted with faculty members from 5 private universities in Malaysia, using purposive sampling. The NVivo 8 software was used to analyze the data thematically. Seven major themes emerged from the analysis including; employer image, availability of external job opportunities, social media bullying, unfair performance measurement, unfair compensation, work overload and job Insecurity. Although some emerging themes could be traced to previous literatures, an emerging theme of social media bullying warrants further scrutiny. The research results could help private universities to strategize how to minimize the high turnover rates while optimizing the levels of faculty retention. Furthermore, this research provides some initial insight on the role of social media bullying in turnover literature.
教师队伍素质是高等教育质量保障的重要组成部分之一。然而,教职员工的流动可能会降低效率和生产力,在某些情况下,甚至会威胁到该机构的长期生存。对选定私立高等院校人力资源人员的初步访谈显示,离职率高达18%。本研究以质性现象学研究探讨教师辞职的原因。深入采访了马来西亚5所私立大学的教师,采用有目的的抽样。采用NVivo 8软件对数据进行专题分析。从分析中得出七个主要主题,包括;雇主形象、外部工作机会的可获得性、社交媒体欺凌、不公平的绩效评估、不公平的薪酬、工作过载和工作不安全感。尽管一些新出现的主题可以追溯到以前的文献,但社交媒体欺凌的新主题值得进一步审视。研究结果可以帮助私立大学制定策略,以最大限度地减少高流动率,同时优化教师的保留水平。此外,本研究对社交媒体欺凌在离职文献中的作用提供了一些初步的见解。
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引用次数: 19
Determinants of Thai legal professionalism: A structural equation model analysis 泰国法律职业化的决定因素:结构方程模型分析
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.15208/BEH.2017.43
Cherdsak Teeranantawanich, Thepparat Phimolsathien
The purpose of the research is to examine what constitutes professionalism amongst Thai legal practitioners and consultants. By use of simple random-sampling, the 332 legal professionals were surveyed by use of a 72-item, 7-level Likert type agreement scale questionnaire on the study’s four constructs. A confirmatory factor analysis was run prior to the structural equation model, with analysis of the data undertaken by use of LISREL 9.10 software. The results showed that ethics was viewed as the most important aspect by Thai legal professionals (x = 5.71), which was only slightly ahead of the legal consultant’s experience (x = 5.64). Opposite to this however, the legal consultants’ themselves felt that client satisfaction (x = 4.95), and quick solutions (x = 4.84), had minimal importance. Overall results also showed that the latent variable of communications skills (0.67) was most important, followed by competency (0.33), and knowledge management (0.17).
这项研究的目的是研究泰国法律从业人员和顾问之间的专业精神。采用简单随机抽样的方法,对332名法律专业人员进行了调查,采用了72项、7个层次的李克特式协议量表,对研究的四个构式进行了调查。在结构方程模型之前进行验证性因子分析,使用lisrel9.10软件对数据进行分析。结果显示,泰国法律专业人员认为道德是最重要的方面(x = 5.71),仅略高于法律顾问的经验(x = 5.64)。然而,与此相反,法律顾问自己认为客户满意度(x = 4.95)和快速解决方案(x = 4.84)的重要性最低。整体结果还显示,沟通技巧(0.67)是最重要的潜在变量,其次是胜任力(0.33)和知识管理(0.17)。
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引用次数: 0
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Business and Economic Horizons
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