Katarína Remeňová, Barteková Kmety, Helena Majdúchová, Ľudomír Šlahor
Background: Price setting is a determinant of a company's profitability especially in the sector of creative industry (CI) and is intensively discussed in academic and business area. Purpose: The aim of this research paper is to investigate whether a well-defined and successfully implemented pricing strategy can significantly affect the profitability of companies in the creative industry. Study design/methodology/approach: This study investigates the differences in interval variables, including financial indicators, number of price management techniques, and price management metrics, between companies that have implemented pricing strategies and those that have not. To assess this, a two-sample t-test was used to compare the variables between the two groups. Since the creative industry is highly heterogeneous, we have analyzed the profitability of creative sub-industries more in detail through ANOVA test. Findings/conclusions: As it turned out, the analyzed parameters do not differ significantly in their average values, except for the parameter "Gross margin", where a statistically significant difference in average values was confirmed. Based on the findings of studies conducted by other authors as well as our own analyses, we conclude that assessing CI's profitability relative to other industries is inappropriate and represents only a simplistic view of the industry's performance. It is important to observe the profitability in each subindustry of CI, because the nature of the product (output) is different in each segment of this industry. Limitations/future research: Despite the initial findings, it was recognized that the research was limited to a single country and a specific industry. To gain further insight into the pricing and profitability of companies in the creative sub-industries and cultural industry, subsequent research should be conducted. It would also be useful to link the topic of pricing and profitability with the theme of revenue models including pricing models, pricing metrics and payment systems.
{"title":"Pricing strategy as a leading predictor of the profitability in creative industry companies","authors":"Katarína Remeňová, Barteková Kmety, Helena Majdúchová, Ľudomír Šlahor","doi":"10.5937/straman2300053r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/straman2300053r","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Price setting is a determinant of a company's profitability especially in the sector of creative industry (CI) and is intensively discussed in academic and business area. Purpose: The aim of this research paper is to investigate whether a well-defined and successfully implemented pricing strategy can significantly affect the profitability of companies in the creative industry. Study design/methodology/approach: This study investigates the differences in interval variables, including financial indicators, number of price management techniques, and price management metrics, between companies that have implemented pricing strategies and those that have not. To assess this, a two-sample t-test was used to compare the variables between the two groups. Since the creative industry is highly heterogeneous, we have analyzed the profitability of creative sub-industries more in detail through ANOVA test. Findings/conclusions: As it turned out, the analyzed parameters do not differ significantly in their average values, except for the parameter \"Gross margin\", where a statistically significant difference in average values was confirmed. Based on the findings of studies conducted by other authors as well as our own analyses, we conclude that assessing CI's profitability relative to other industries is inappropriate and represents only a simplistic view of the industry's performance. It is important to observe the profitability in each subindustry of CI, because the nature of the product (output) is different in each segment of this industry. Limitations/future research: Despite the initial findings, it was recognized that the research was limited to a single country and a specific industry. To gain further insight into the pricing and profitability of companies in the creative sub-industries and cultural industry, subsequent research should be conducted. It would also be useful to link the topic of pricing and profitability with the theme of revenue models including pricing models, pricing metrics and payment systems.","PeriodicalId":43778,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135313099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Employee turnover represents permanent withdrawal from the organization, which brings longterm unfavorable consequences, especially when it comes to the voluntary early departure of quality employees. Turnover intention is a preliminary step that can predict the employee's intention to leave and is very often the main precursor to the final decision to leave or stay. In addition to internal organizational influences, a strong influencing factor on such a decision is represented by perceived alternative job opportunities. Purpose: The goal of the paper is, therefore, to examine the employee's perception of the possibilities of alternative employment and their turnover intention to determine that the main factor of the environment strongly shapes thinking in the context of leaving. Study design/methodology/approach: The primary research was conducted on a convenience sample of 423 in 15 medium and large enterprises in Croatia (Slavonia and Baranja region) and in various economic sectors: Agriculture, Industry, Energy, Construction, Services, Trade, Transport, Education, and Tourism and Hospitality. The data were subjected to univariate and bivariate analysis. The influence of sociodemographic variables was also tested to identify possible differences between different groups of employees. Findings/conclusions: The results of the research indicate fairly low rates of turnover intention, with a simultaneous perception of very few or weak possibilities for alternative employment. There are no statistically significant differences between the sociodemographic groups, so all employees, for the most part, do not intend to leave the organization in which they are currently employed, but they also do not think that they could easily be employed elsewhere. Limitations/future research: The biggest limitation is the examination of only these two variables without studying cause-effect relationships, which is also a recommendation for future research. It could be helpful to analyze competitiveness on the labor market, because the situation of the market can also affect the perception of employability, which would determine whether the perceptions are close to the real picture.
{"title":"Perceived alternative job opportunities and turnover intention as preliminary steps in employee withdrawal","authors":"A. Živković, Ivana Fosić, Ana Pap-Vorkapić","doi":"10.5937/straman2300042z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/straman2300042z","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Employee turnover represents permanent withdrawal from the organization, which brings longterm unfavorable consequences, especially when it comes to the voluntary early departure of quality employees. Turnover intention is a preliminary step that can predict the employee's intention to leave and is very often the main precursor to the final decision to leave or stay. In addition to internal organizational influences, a strong influencing factor on such a decision is represented by perceived alternative job opportunities. Purpose: The goal of the paper is, therefore, to examine the employee's perception of the possibilities of alternative employment and their turnover intention to determine that the main factor of the environment strongly shapes thinking in the context of leaving. Study design/methodology/approach: The primary research was conducted on a convenience sample of 423 in 15 medium and large enterprises in Croatia (Slavonia and Baranja region) and in various economic sectors: Agriculture, Industry, Energy, Construction, Services, Trade, Transport, Education, and Tourism and Hospitality. The data were subjected to univariate and bivariate analysis. The influence of sociodemographic variables was also tested to identify possible differences between different groups of employees. Findings/conclusions: The results of the research indicate fairly low rates of turnover intention, with a simultaneous perception of very few or weak possibilities for alternative employment. There are no statistically significant differences between the sociodemographic groups, so all employees, for the most part, do not intend to leave the organization in which they are currently employed, but they also do not think that they could easily be employed elsewhere. Limitations/future research: The biggest limitation is the examination of only these two variables without studying cause-effect relationships, which is also a recommendation for future research. It could be helpful to analyze competitiveness on the labor market, because the situation of the market can also affect the perception of employability, which would determine whether the perceptions are close to the real picture.","PeriodicalId":43778,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89575004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Socio-demographic changes increase the need for long-term elderly care. Consequently, providing formal institutional service in elderly care homes is an interesting opportunity for entrepreneurs. However, the entry strategy decision is influenced by numerous external variables. Purpose: The main goal is to answer what determines market concentration as one of the most important market entry determinants. Study design/methodology/approach: A linear regression model has been formed and tested on the Croatian elderly care home market, observed on a county level, using data for 2021. Further, a cluster analysis, as a decision-support tool, has been made to assess market characteristics that are more likely to attract new entrants to the elderly care home market. Findings/conclusions: Results indicate that demand for long-term care services plays a significant role, and the market with more elderly will attract more competitors. When the level of GDP per capita and the unemployment rate are observed together, markets with stronger economies tend to attract entrepreneurs. In other words, it is more likely that someone will open an elderly care home in a densely populated county with individuals that can afford formal institutional long-term care for themselves or family members. Limitations/future research: The shortcomings are mainly related to the lack of data on prices and quality measures. Further, information on the number of beds in each elderly care home would enable an alternative calculation of the Herfindahl-Hirschman index, while data on service prices and structure of employees as a proxy for quality (medical and non-medical staff) would enable a more reliable comparative analysis of obtained results. Future studies on this subject include variables related to the portion of unemployed females in the market since female family members more often provide informal care, and at the same time, they are more likely to be employed in formal long-term care institutions.
{"title":"Market characteristics and entry strategy decision making: The market perspective of Croatian elderly care homes","authors":"Josipa Višić","doi":"10.5937/straman2300050v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/straman2300050v","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Socio-demographic changes increase the need for long-term elderly care. Consequently, providing formal institutional service in elderly care homes is an interesting opportunity for entrepreneurs. However, the entry strategy decision is influenced by numerous external variables. Purpose: The main goal is to answer what determines market concentration as one of the most important market entry determinants. Study design/methodology/approach: A linear regression model has been formed and tested on the Croatian elderly care home market, observed on a county level, using data for 2021. Further, a cluster analysis, as a decision-support tool, has been made to assess market characteristics that are more likely to attract new entrants to the elderly care home market. Findings/conclusions: Results indicate that demand for long-term care services plays a significant role, and the market with more elderly will attract more competitors. When the level of GDP per capita and the unemployment rate are observed together, markets with stronger economies tend to attract entrepreneurs. In other words, it is more likely that someone will open an elderly care home in a densely populated county with individuals that can afford formal institutional long-term care for themselves or family members. Limitations/future research: The shortcomings are mainly related to the lack of data on prices and quality measures. Further, information on the number of beds in each elderly care home would enable an alternative calculation of the Herfindahl-Hirschman index, while data on service prices and structure of employees as a proxy for quality (medical and non-medical staff) would enable a more reliable comparative analysis of obtained results. Future studies on this subject include variables related to the portion of unemployed females in the market since female family members more often provide informal care, and at the same time, they are more likely to be employed in formal long-term care institutions.","PeriodicalId":43778,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79825720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: In today's interconnected and globalised business environment, effective risk management is essential for organisations to achieve sustainable success. However, communication and understanding risks across cultural and linguistic boundaries pose significant challenges. This paper explores the concept of risk language barriers and their impact on corporate management and performance. Purpose: This research examines the causes, consequences, and potential solutions to overcome risk language barriers in a globalised world. By shedding light on the importance of effective risk communication in a diverse and interconnected business environment, the study seeks to provide insights into the significance of addressing these barriers for successful management outcomes. Study design/methodology/approach: The study conducted in Novo Mesto, Slovenia, in February 2023 uses data from in-depth interviews and a focus group to investigate risk language barriers. The participants are women entrepreneurs with prior experience in cross-cultural communication and managing people in different countries, e.g. a Slovenian sales guru with a penchant for transcending borders and a Maltese digital strategist who, through global collaboration and expertise, ensures that every corner of the Slovenian organisation aligns with its overarching goals. Their experiences explore the challenges of risk language and the need for intercultural communication skills. Findings/conclusions: The research findings indicate that addressing risk language barriers is a strategic imperative for achieving successful management outcomes in a globalised business landscape. Overcoming these barriers requires a collaborative and proactive approach to risk communication. Developing intercultural communication skills allows individuals to navigate diverse environments effectively, provides them with more excellent networking opportunities, broadens their horizons, and fosters personal development. Furthermore, managers can strengthen relationships with clients and partners worldwide by addressing risk language barriers effectively. Limitations/future research: The study has limitations regarding its focus on women entrepreneurs. Future research should include diverse demographics and industries, conduct quantitative analyses, and explore technology's role in bridging the risk language gap and associated challenges.
{"title":"Risk language barriers in a globalized world: Insights from female managers from Slovenia","authors":"Tina Tomec, Sergej Gričar","doi":"10.5937/straman2300054t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/straman2300054t","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In today's interconnected and globalised business environment, effective risk management is essential for organisations to achieve sustainable success. However, communication and understanding risks across cultural and linguistic boundaries pose significant challenges. This paper explores the concept of risk language barriers and their impact on corporate management and performance. Purpose: This research examines the causes, consequences, and potential solutions to overcome risk language barriers in a globalised world. By shedding light on the importance of effective risk communication in a diverse and interconnected business environment, the study seeks to provide insights into the significance of addressing these barriers for successful management outcomes. Study design/methodology/approach: The study conducted in Novo Mesto, Slovenia, in February 2023 uses data from in-depth interviews and a focus group to investigate risk language barriers. The participants are women entrepreneurs with prior experience in cross-cultural communication and managing people in different countries, e.g. a Slovenian sales guru with a penchant for transcending borders and a Maltese digital strategist who, through global collaboration and expertise, ensures that every corner of the Slovenian organisation aligns with its overarching goals. Their experiences explore the challenges of risk language and the need for intercultural communication skills. Findings/conclusions: The research findings indicate that addressing risk language barriers is a strategic imperative for achieving successful management outcomes in a globalised business landscape. Overcoming these barriers requires a collaborative and proactive approach to risk communication. Developing intercultural communication skills allows individuals to navigate diverse environments effectively, provides them with more excellent networking opportunities, broadens their horizons, and fosters personal development. Furthermore, managers can strengthen relationships with clients and partners worldwide by addressing risk language barriers effectively. Limitations/future research: The study has limitations regarding its focus on women entrepreneurs. Future research should include diverse demographics and industries, conduct quantitative analyses, and explore technology's role in bridging the risk language gap and associated challenges.","PeriodicalId":43778,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135509048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivana S. Domazet, Darko Marjanović, Deniz Ahmetagić, V. Simovíc
Background: One of the indicators of a country's innovation is the total number of registered patents. This paper analyzes the number of registered patents and the impact they can have on the country's economic growth and innovation.. Purpose: The paper aims to determine whether there is a positive impact of market verification of the results of research and development activities, measured by the number of patents per million inhabitants, on economic growth and the growth of innovation in the country. Study design/methodology/approach: Quantitative research design was applied in the analysis since the task was to investigate the influence of the number of patents on the economic growth of the country. The empirical research covered two countries-Serbia and Hungary. It used secondary data from the international databases of the World Bank and World Intellectual Property Organization, covering the period from 2008 to 2018. Finding/conclusions: The results of the empirical research showed that the increase in the number of patents per million inhabitants contributes only to the innovation index's growth in Hungary. On the other hand, in the case of Serbia, there is no statistically significant relationship between the number of patents per million inhabitants and the country's innovation index, or the number of patents per million inhabitants and GDP per capita. Limitations/future research: The limitations are: the small number of analyzed countries and the number of indicators analyzed. Therefore, in the framework of future research, it would be desirable to expand the analysis to more countries and establish the impact of patents on more indicators of innovation.
{"title":"The influence of the number of patents on the economic growth of the country: Evidence from Serbia and Hungary","authors":"Ivana S. Domazet, Darko Marjanović, Deniz Ahmetagić, V. Simovíc","doi":"10.5937/straman2300048d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/straman2300048d","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the indicators of a country's innovation is the total number of registered patents. This paper analyzes the number of registered patents and the impact they can have on the country's economic growth and innovation.. Purpose: The paper aims to determine whether there is a positive impact of market verification of the results of research and development activities, measured by the number of patents per million inhabitants, on economic growth and the growth of innovation in the country. Study design/methodology/approach: Quantitative research design was applied in the analysis since the task was to investigate the influence of the number of patents on the economic growth of the country. The empirical research covered two countries-Serbia and Hungary. It used secondary data from the international databases of the World Bank and World Intellectual Property Organization, covering the period from 2008 to 2018. Finding/conclusions: The results of the empirical research showed that the increase in the number of patents per million inhabitants contributes only to the innovation index's growth in Hungary. On the other hand, in the case of Serbia, there is no statistically significant relationship between the number of patents per million inhabitants and the country's innovation index, or the number of patents per million inhabitants and GDP per capita. Limitations/future research: The limitations are: the small number of analyzed countries and the number of indicators analyzed. Therefore, in the framework of future research, it would be desirable to expand the analysis to more countries and establish the impact of patents on more indicators of innovation.","PeriodicalId":43778,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80637160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Scientific and technical progress are unstoppable. Nowadays, information technology affects every sphere of social and economic life. The automation of business processes is a common part of business and accounting practice. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the automation in companies. Regularly occurring transactions, which were performed manually before, are gradually being replaced by information technology and automatic robotic systems. The companies fully use cloud storages, artificial intelligence, or blockchain technologies. Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to identify areas and possibilities for improvement of business and accounting processes with use of information technologies, digitalization, and automation. Methodology: For the purpose of the paper, a standard methodology review of literature sources was performed. Then we conducted a brief questionnaire survey in order to find out the level of automation and digitization of business processes in companies in the Slovak Republic. Findings and conclusions: It is expected that, as a result of robotization and automation of business processes, some professions will gradually disappear within a few decades. Even the crisis related to COVID19 pandemic had an impact on the acceleration of using information technologies in business processes related to their digitalization and automation. The paper describes possibilities of automation with focus on e-shop, which make the processes safer, faster, more effective, eco-friendly, with fewer errors. On the other hand, there are some challenges and threats the accounting entities have to consider when implementing artificial intelligence, information technology in their business processes, such as cyber security, the Internet and electricity outages. We have observed that companies in Slovakia have their business processes more or less automated. However, the automation is the domain of bigger and multinational companies. The higher initial costs related to automation are limitation for smaller companies that need to consider benefits and costs the automation requires. Limitations and future research: Our paper is based on the theoretical background with a brief research in the area of implementing information technologies in companies in the Slovak Republic. The number of returned questionnaire surveys that were the base for our brief and initial research was very low. More detailed analysis of level of automation in the Slovak companies in comparison with companies abroad, their readiness for changes related to automation, as well as threats, challenges, pros and cons of automation may be the topic for the future research.
{"title":"Business process automation: New challenges to increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of companies","authors":"Miriama Blahušiaková","doi":"10.5937/straman2300038b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/straman2300038b","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Scientific and technical progress are unstoppable. Nowadays, information technology affects every sphere of social and economic life. The automation of business processes is a common part of business and accounting practice. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the automation in companies. Regularly occurring transactions, which were performed manually before, are gradually being replaced by information technology and automatic robotic systems. The companies fully use cloud storages, artificial intelligence, or blockchain technologies. Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to identify areas and possibilities for improvement of business and accounting processes with use of information technologies, digitalization, and automation. Methodology: For the purpose of the paper, a standard methodology review of literature sources was performed. Then we conducted a brief questionnaire survey in order to find out the level of automation and digitization of business processes in companies in the Slovak Republic. Findings and conclusions: It is expected that, as a result of robotization and automation of business processes, some professions will gradually disappear within a few decades. Even the crisis related to COVID19 pandemic had an impact on the acceleration of using information technologies in business processes related to their digitalization and automation. The paper describes possibilities of automation with focus on e-shop, which make the processes safer, faster, more effective, eco-friendly, with fewer errors. On the other hand, there are some challenges and threats the accounting entities have to consider when implementing artificial intelligence, information technology in their business processes, such as cyber security, the Internet and electricity outages. We have observed that companies in Slovakia have their business processes more or less automated. However, the automation is the domain of bigger and multinational companies. The higher initial costs related to automation are limitation for smaller companies that need to consider benefits and costs the automation requires. Limitations and future research: Our paper is based on the theoretical background with a brief research in the area of implementing information technologies in companies in the Slovak Republic. The number of returned questionnaire surveys that were the base for our brief and initial research was very low. More detailed analysis of level of automation in the Slovak companies in comparison with companies abroad, their readiness for changes related to automation, as well as threats, challenges, pros and cons of automation may be the topic for the future research.","PeriodicalId":43778,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77485913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Sotiroski, Kovács Péter, Horvat Marcikić, O. Sedlak, Vuk Lakić, B. Radovanov
Background: Widely used in efficiency analysis, data envelopment analysis (DEA) found its use in country efficiency measurement concerning the achievement of desired values of macroeconomic indicators, most often the goals from the category of economic growth. Purpose: The objective of the paper is to examine the possibility of DEA application in sustainable development research. Methodology: The analysis was conducted using a non-oriented DEA model with variable return-to-scale in a group of 26 EU countries and Serbia, as a membership candidate. Four variables were used as input variables: inflation rate, unemployment rate, poverty rate and ecological footprint per capita. Three variables were used on the outputs side: inequality-adjusted human development index, GDP per capita and ecological deficit or reserve per capita. The annual data was collected for the time period of eight years, form 2010 until 2017. Findings: Results show that Finland is the only country efficient throughout the entire period. Average efficiency close to maximum was achieved by the Netherlands. Significant efficiency was achieved by Luxembourg, Germany and Sweden among countries that were EU members before 1995. Among other EU countries, Slovenia and Hungary achieved efficiency on a nearly maximum level. Also, efficient in more than half of the observed years were Cyprus and Romania. The most inefficient countries were the three Baltic countries: Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. Among the EU member countries before 1995, Italy and Portugal were the most inefficient. Concerning EU candidate Serbia, the efficiency achieved was generally close to average. Limitations: The performed analysis can answer the question of which country is the most efficient on the way to sustainability. However, the DEA method cannot show whether a country is developing absolutely sustainably or unsustainably, because DEA is a relative method and can only measure efficiency compared to the other units.
{"title":"Assessing sustainable economic development efficiency: A DEA approach","authors":"K. Sotiroski, Kovács Péter, Horvat Marcikić, O. Sedlak, Vuk Lakić, B. Radovanov","doi":"10.5937/straman2300039s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/straman2300039s","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Widely used in efficiency analysis, data envelopment analysis (DEA) found its use in country efficiency measurement concerning the achievement of desired values of macroeconomic indicators, most often the goals from the category of economic growth. Purpose: The objective of the paper is to examine the possibility of DEA application in sustainable development research. Methodology: The analysis was conducted using a non-oriented DEA model with variable return-to-scale in a group of 26 EU countries and Serbia, as a membership candidate. Four variables were used as input variables: inflation rate, unemployment rate, poverty rate and ecological footprint per capita. Three variables were used on the outputs side: inequality-adjusted human development index, GDP per capita and ecological deficit or reserve per capita. The annual data was collected for the time period of eight years, form 2010 until 2017. Findings: Results show that Finland is the only country efficient throughout the entire period. Average efficiency close to maximum was achieved by the Netherlands. Significant efficiency was achieved by Luxembourg, Germany and Sweden among countries that were EU members before 1995. Among other EU countries, Slovenia and Hungary achieved efficiency on a nearly maximum level. Also, efficient in more than half of the observed years were Cyprus and Romania. The most inefficient countries were the three Baltic countries: Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. Among the EU member countries before 1995, Italy and Portugal were the most inefficient. Concerning EU candidate Serbia, the efficiency achieved was generally close to average. Limitations: The performed analysis can answer the question of which country is the most efficient on the way to sustainability. However, the DEA method cannot show whether a country is developing absolutely sustainably or unsustainably, because DEA is a relative method and can only measure efficiency compared to the other units.","PeriodicalId":43778,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76731427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Viktorija Petrov, Z. Drašković, Đorđe Ćelić, Matej Rus
Background: Research on the topic of determining success of online learning is on the rise. Defining the key success factors, i.e. determinants of online learning success, is extremely important, especially at present as all higher education institutions have been forced to try their hand at teaching with the help of technology. Purpose: Thus a research examining factors of learning outcomes of online learning was conducted. Learning outcomes were modelled as dependent variable, while the set of independent model variables included: course design, student motivation, student self-regulation and dialogue (instructor-student, student-student). Study design/methodology/approach: Five research hypotheses were tested by analysing data collected from the students of the University of Novi Sad. A structured questionnaire was employed to collect data on the attitudes of users (students) to online learning. Respondents expressed their views (perception) about statements and valued them on a 5 point Likert scale. The instrument was applied to a sample of 360 responses using PLS structural equation modelling. Findings/conclusions: All five hypothesis were supported with the analysis, confirming the importance of research from the aspect of contribution to the literature dedicated to identifying the key success factors of online learning. Additional contribution refers to the research conducted in Serbia, i.e. at the University of Novi Sad. Limitations/future research: A more detailed analysis of the model itself and the possibility of finding the interdependence of constructs that affect perceived learning outcomes and user satisfaction remains as an area for further research.
{"title":"Determinants of learning outcomes with online teaching based on students' perception","authors":"Viktorija Petrov, Z. Drašković, Đorđe Ćelić, Matej Rus","doi":"10.5937/straman2300047p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/straman2300047p","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Research on the topic of determining success of online learning is on the rise. Defining the key success factors, i.e. determinants of online learning success, is extremely important, especially at present as all higher education institutions have been forced to try their hand at teaching with the help of technology. Purpose: Thus a research examining factors of learning outcomes of online learning was conducted. Learning outcomes were modelled as dependent variable, while the set of independent model variables included: course design, student motivation, student self-regulation and dialogue (instructor-student, student-student). Study design/methodology/approach: Five research hypotheses were tested by analysing data collected from the students of the University of Novi Sad. A structured questionnaire was employed to collect data on the attitudes of users (students) to online learning. Respondents expressed their views (perception) about statements and valued them on a 5 point Likert scale. The instrument was applied to a sample of 360 responses using PLS structural equation modelling. Findings/conclusions: All five hypothesis were supported with the analysis, confirming the importance of research from the aspect of contribution to the literature dedicated to identifying the key success factors of online learning. Additional contribution refers to the research conducted in Serbia, i.e. at the University of Novi Sad. Limitations/future research: A more detailed analysis of the model itself and the possibility of finding the interdependence of constructs that affect perceived learning outcomes and user satisfaction remains as an area for further research.","PeriodicalId":43778,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81029716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Slovak firms are very strongly integrated into globally organized production. However, their position in global value chains (GVCs) concentrates on downstream activities with lower value added generation. Purpose: Intangible assets should be an important driver of the creation and productivity growth of domestic value added and thus of international competitiveness. Key activities supporting the creation and productivity of value added within GVCs can be done through an innovation environment, investments in intangible ICT assets and improving the quality of human capital. Approach: This paper aims to analyse, according to econometric model based on panel data analysis, the role of intangibles in Slovak GVC participation. Moreover, the linkages between investment in selected intangibles and different forms of integration into GVCs - forward and backward, are examined. Findings: Our results show that the accumulation of intangibles is positively associated with Slovak participation and position within GVCs. The same result is confirmed separately for forward and backward participation. When intangibles are divided into three groups, only computerized information and economic competencies are significantly associated with Slovak GVC participation and position. They increase the quality of human capital, organization and management of production and create a favourable competitive environment. Limitations: Further research could be extended to a more detailed examination of the impact of intangibles on specific sectors. The availability of data on the creation of value added and thus involvement in the GVCs is a major limitation at the macroeconomic level. Therefore, it is necessary to verify these findings with an analysis at the firms' level data.
{"title":"Role of intangible assets in global value chains: Evidence from the Slovak Republic","authors":"J. Ďurčová, Marek Pekarčík","doi":"10.5937/straman2300036d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/straman2300036d","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Slovak firms are very strongly integrated into globally organized production. However, their position in global value chains (GVCs) concentrates on downstream activities with lower value added generation. Purpose: Intangible assets should be an important driver of the creation and productivity growth of domestic value added and thus of international competitiveness. Key activities supporting the creation and productivity of value added within GVCs can be done through an innovation environment, investments in intangible ICT assets and improving the quality of human capital. Approach: This paper aims to analyse, according to econometric model based on panel data analysis, the role of intangibles in Slovak GVC participation. Moreover, the linkages between investment in selected intangibles and different forms of integration into GVCs - forward and backward, are examined. Findings: Our results show that the accumulation of intangibles is positively associated with Slovak participation and position within GVCs. The same result is confirmed separately for forward and backward participation. When intangibles are divided into three groups, only computerized information and economic competencies are significantly associated with Slovak GVC participation and position. They increase the quality of human capital, organization and management of production and create a favourable competitive environment. Limitations: Further research could be extended to a more detailed examination of the impact of intangibles on specific sectors. The availability of data on the creation of value added and thus involvement in the GVCs is a major limitation at the macroeconomic level. Therefore, it is necessary to verify these findings with an analysis at the firms' level data.","PeriodicalId":43778,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72794708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vera Zelenović, Jelena Zelenović, Miloš Đaković, Milica Inđić
{"title":"Application of financial innovations in the banking sector of Serbia","authors":"Vera Zelenović, Jelena Zelenović, Miloš Đaković, Milica Inđić","doi":"10.5937/straman2300045z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/straman2300045z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43778,"journal":{"name":"Strategic Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80910201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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