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Fungal Endophytes of Moringa (Moringa oleifera L.), Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) and Their Biological Control of Fusarium Wilt of Banana 辣木(Moringa oleifera L.)、印楝(Azadirachta indica)和薰衣草(Lavandula angustifolia)的真菌内生菌及其对香蕉镰刀菌枯萎病的生物防治作用
IF 1.5 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres14040143
Bonface M. Nthuku, Esther W. Kahariri, Johnson K. Kinyua, Evans N. Nyaboga
Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), significantly affects the productivity of the banana crop in the field. Currently, there are no effective control measures available, and therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel strategies to control the spread of the disease. Biological control is a promising strategy for the management and control of the disease. The aim of this study was to identify fungal endophytes associated with Moringa (Moringa oleifera), Neem tree (Azadirachta indica) and Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) and their antifungal activities against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4). We isolated 69 fungal endophytes from different tissues of M. oleifera, A. indica and L. angustifolia and screened for antifungal activity against Foc TR4. Six fungal endophytes exhibited highest antagonistic activity against Foc TR4 based on dual-culture assays. Based on morphology and ITS gene sequence analysis, the selected six endophytes were identified to be related to Alternaria alternata (MB7 and NR3), Neofusicoccum parvum (LB1), Fusarium oxysporum (LR1), Talaromyces amestolkiae (MB14) and Alternaria tenuissima (NB6). The culture filtrates of the six fungal endophytes (LB1, LR1, MB7, MB14, NB6 and NR3) exhibited more than 50% inhibition of mycelial growth of Foc TR4 in vitro and were producers of β-1,3-glucanase. The six fungal endophytes showed biocontrol efficacy against Fusarium wilt in pot experiments. The findings from this study demonstrate that fungal endophytes LB1, LR1, MB7, MB14, NB6 and NR3 should be explored as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers in banana production.
由 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense(Foc)引起的镰刀菌枯萎病严重影响了香蕉作物的产量。目前还没有有效的控制措施,因此迫切需要开发新的战略来控制该疾病的传播。生物防治是管理和控制该疾病的一种有前途的策略。本研究的目的是鉴定与辣木(Moringa oleifera)、印度楝树(Azadirachta indica)和薰衣草(Lavandula angustifolia)相关的真菌内生菌,以及这些真菌内生菌对 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4(Foc TR4)的抗真菌活性。我们从 M.oleifera、A. indica 和 L. angustifolia 的不同组织中分离出 69 种真菌内生菌,并筛选出它们对 Foc TR4 的抗真菌活性。根据双重培养试验,6 种真菌内生菌对 Foc TR4 的拮抗活性最高。根据形态学和 ITS 基因序列分析,所选的六种内生真菌被鉴定为与交替丝核菌(MB7 和 NR3)、Neofusicoccum parvum(LB1)、Fusarium oxysporum(LR1)、Talaromyces amestolkiae(MB14)和 Alternaria tenuissima(NB6)有关。六种真菌内生菌(LB1、LR1、MB7、MB14、NB6 和 NR3)的培养滤液在体外对 Foc TR4 菌丝生长的抑制率超过 50%,并能产生 β-1,3-葡聚糖酶。在盆栽实验中,这六种真菌内生菌对镰刀菌枯萎病具有生物防治效果。这项研究结果表明,真菌内生菌 LB1、LR1、MB7、MB14、NB6 和 NR3 应作为生物防治剂和生物肥料在香蕉生产中进行开发。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of the Impacts of Plant Growth-Promoting Micro-Organisms on Potato Farming in Different Climatic Conditions in Morocco 摩洛哥不同气候条件下促进植物生长的微生物对马铃薯种植的影响评估
IF 1.5 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-09 DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres14040141
Nadia El Allaoui, Hiba Yahyaoui, A. Douira, A. Benbouazza, Moha Ferrahi, E. Achbani, K. Habbadi
Environmental concerns are gradually reducing the global yield capacity of agricultural systems, with climate change representing the most significant challenge. Globally, Potatoes are the most essential non-cereal crop. Therefore, understanding the potential impacts of climate change on potato production is crucial for maintaining future global food security. This study aims to explore the roles played by PGPMs in two distinct regions, which are characterized by different climatic conditions, to assess their influence on two potato varieties, namely Siena and Bellini. Inoculation with these strains, particularly the Aureobasidium pullulans strains Ach1-1 and Ach1-2, resulted in significant improvements in growth and yield. In 2018, impressive yields of 194.1 kg/0.05 ha and 186.6 kg/0.05 ha were recorded for the two strains, with the Ain Taoujdate site achieving yields of 157.1 kg/0.05 ha and 151.1 kg/0.05 ha for each of the two strains. Additionally, further observations revealed that the Siena variety is more susceptible to rot than the Bellini variety. However, Ach1-1 and Ach1-2 strains had a significant effect on this rot, showcasing their potential to mitigate this negative issue in the Bellini variety. These promising results underscore the potential of PGPMs to enhance potato production in the Fez–Meknes region of Morocco, contributing to global food security amid climate change.
环境问题正在逐渐削弱全球农业系统的产量能力,而气候变化则是最大的挑战。在全球范围内,马铃薯是最重要的非谷类作物。因此,了解气候变化对马铃薯生产的潜在影响对于维护未来全球粮食安全至关重要。本研究旨在探索 PGPM 在两个气候条件不同的地区所发挥的作用,以评估它们对两个马铃薯品种(锡耶纳和贝利尼)的影响。接种这些菌株,特别是Aureobasidium pullulans菌株Ach1-1和Ach1-2,可显著提高生长和产量。2018 年,这两种菌株的产量分别达到 194.1 千克/0.05 公顷和 186.6 千克/0.05 公顷,令人印象深刻,其中 Ain Taoujdate 基地的产量分别达到 157.1 千克/0.05 公顷和 151.1 千克/0.05 公顷。此外,进一步观察发现,锡耶纳品种比贝利尼品种更易感染腐烂病。然而,Ach1-1 和 Ach1-2 菌株对这种腐烂有显著影响,显示了它们减轻贝利尼品种这一负面问题的潜力。这些充满希望的结果突出表明,PGPMs 有潜力提高摩洛哥非斯-梅克内斯地区的马铃薯产量,从而在气候变化中为全球粮食安全做出贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Study of the Influence of the Temperature and Time of Microalgae Cultivation on the Reproduction Rate of Chlorella and Scenedesmus Microalgae When Cultured in a Tubular Photobioreactor 管式光生物反应器中培养微藻的温度和时间对小球藻和景天科微藻繁殖率的影响研究
IF 1.5 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-09 DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres14040142
Aleksandra Kalinina, Vladimir Naumov, Alena Verakhina, Svetlana Ovchinnikova, Diana Yakovleva, Aleksandr Dobrov, Tatyana Sokolova, Julia Lukyanova, Polina Afanasieva
The use of algae for carbon dioxide fixation is based on their natural ability to photosynthesize. Dynamic experiments make it possible to calculate the short-term photosynthetic activity of microalgae strains in photobioreactors. In this study, the effect of temperature and culture time on the intensity of reproduction and on CO2 absorption by some microalgae was evaluated. It was found that the maximum increase in biomass occurred during algae cultivation at 29–32 °C and pH = 8.4. A ratio of ~2.0 was observed between CO2 absorption and the increase in biomass for different microalgae. When using the Chlorella genus, the increase in biomass under comparable conditions was greater than when cultivating microalgae of the Scenedesmus genus.
利用藻类固定二氧化碳是基于其天然的光合作用能力。动态实验可以计算微藻菌株在光生物反应器中的短期光合作用活性。本研究评估了温度和培养时间对一些微藻繁殖强度和二氧化碳吸收的影响。结果发现,在 29-32 °C、pH = 8.4 的条件下培养藻类,生物量的增幅最大。不同微藻的二氧化碳吸收量与生物量增加量之比约为 2.0。使用小球藻属微藻时,在可比条件下生物量的增加高于培养景天科微藻时。
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引用次数: 0
In Vitro Antiviral Potential of Cucurbitaceae Ecballium elaterium and Its Extract Containing Protease Inhibitors against Bovine Rotavirus 含有蛋白酶抑制剂的葫芦科植物蜕皮草及其提取物对牛轮状病毒的体外抗病毒潜力
IF 1.5 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres14040140
Esra Aksoy, Nilgün Güler, Ibrahim Sözdutmaz, Serkan Kökkaya, Engin Berber, Ayşe Gençay Göksu
Bovine rotaviruses (BRVs) are significant causative agents of severe diarrhea in newborn calves, resulting in substantial economic losses in the livestock industry. Inhibition of bovine rotavirus using extracts prepared from a Cucurbitaceae plant, which contains trypsin protease inhibitors, might offer a potential anti-rotaviral effect in vitro. Ecballium elaterium (E. elaterium) belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family, indigenous to the Mediterranean, contains E. elaterium trypsin isoinhibitors (EETIso), and has been used in traditional medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of E. elaterium extract against bovine rotavirus infections. Ethanol extracts were prepared from E. elaterium seeds and fruit juice, and their non-toxic concentrations were determined using MA-104 cells. The cells were infected with bovine rotavirus in the presence of E. elaterium extract. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in the rotavirus titer in vitro upon treatment with the E. elaterium extract, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent against bovine rotavirus-induced diarrhea in calves. The utilization of E. elaterium extract may contribute to reduced calf mortality, lower medication costs, and improved economic value in cattle farming.
牛轮状病毒(brv)是新生牛犊严重腹泻的重要病原体,给畜牧业造成巨大的经济损失。从葫芦科植物中提取的含有胰蛋白酶抑制剂的提取物抑制牛轮状病毒,可能在体外提供潜在的抗轮状病毒作用。elballium elaterium (E. elaterium)属于葫芦科,原产于地中海,含有elballium elaterium胰蛋白酶同工抑制剂(etiso),已被用于传统医学。本研究旨在评价白莲叶提取物对牛轮状病毒感染的体外抑制作用。采用MA-104细胞法对莲蓬种子和果汁的乙醇提取物进行无毒浓度测定。在牛乳提取物存在的情况下,用牛轮状病毒感染细胞。结果表明,经牛乳提取物处理后,体外轮状病毒滴度显著降低,表明其有潜力作为治疗小牛轮状病毒引起的腹泻的药物。利用牛乳提取物可以降低小牛死亡率,降低药物成本,提高养牛业的经济价值。
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引用次数: 0
Response of Biofortified Green Bean Plants to Colletotrichum lindemuthianum 生物强化青豆植株对 Colletotrichum lindemuthianum 的反应
IF 1.5 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres14040139
L. Hernández-Montiel, Juan P. Ciscomani-Larios, E. Sánchez-Chávez, I. Vargas-Arispuro, A. Hashem, E. F. Abd_Allah, G. Ávila-Quezada
Enhancing crop nutrition though biofortification with essential minerals can, in some circumstances, increase the resistance of plants to the attack by pathogens. As a result, plants activate their defense mechanisms and produce bioactive compounds (BCs) in response. To date, there has been no investigation into the response of green bean plants fortified with magnesium (Mg) salts to the presence of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. This research involved two Mg sources applied by the edaphic route. The pathogen was inoculated on green bean pods, and subsequent analysis was conducted on the accumulation of BCs, including total anthocyanins, total phenols, and total flavonoids, within both symptomatic and healthy tissues. Remarkably, the plant’s defense system was activated, as evidenced by the significantly higher concentration of anthocyanins (p ≤ 0.05) observed in the symptomatic tissues following treatments with both MgCl2 and MgSO4. Further, green bean plants treated with MgSO4 displayed notably elevated concentrations of phenols (p ≤ 0.05) in the inoculated tissues of the pods, suggesting a plausible plant defense mechanism. The levels of BCs were considerably higher in green bean pods of the biofortified plants compared to those which were nonbiofortified. However, perhaps one of the most noteworthy findings is that there were no discernible differences between biofortified and nonbiofortified treatments in stopping anthracnose in green bean pods. These results provide valuable insights contributing to a deeper understanding of this interaction.
在某些情况下,通过添加必需矿物质的生物强化来增强作物营养,可以增强植物对病原体攻击的抵抗力。因此,植物激活它们的防御机制并产生生物活性化合物(bc)作为回应。迄今为止,还没有研究过添加镁盐的绿豆植物对炭疽杆菌存在的反应。本研究涉及两个Mg源应用的地理路线。将病原菌接种在绿豆豆荚上,随后分析了症状和健康组织中总花青素、总酚和总黄酮等BCs的积累情况。值得注意的是,MgCl2和MgSO4处理后,植物的防御系统被激活,有症状的组织中花青素浓度显著升高(p≤0.05)。此外,MgSO4处理的绿豆植株荚果接种组织中酚类物质浓度显著升高(p≤0.05),这可能是一种植物防御机制。与非生物强化植物相比,生物强化植物的绿豆荚中bc的含量要高得多。然而,也许最值得注意的发现之一是,在阻止青豆豆荚中的炭疽病方面,生物强化和非生物强化处理之间没有明显的差异。这些结果提供了有价值的见解,有助于更深入地理解这种相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
Novel Bioformulations with Trichoderma lixii to Improve the Growth Dynamics and Biocontrol of the Cowpea Damping-Off Disease 使用lixii毛霉的新型生物制剂改善豇豆潮湿脱落病的生长动态和生物防治能力
IF 1.5 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres14040138
A. Omara, Fatma M. El-maghraby
Because agricultural wastes are abundant in biologically active substances, they can be used as a substitute source to produce highly valuable products while lowering pollution levels in the environment. Therefore, we aimed at determining the best agricultural wastes to increase the biomass production rate and the effectiveness of the biocontrol strain Trichoderma lixii SARS 111 in a solid-state fermentation system. The potential for its use in enhancing growth dynamics and controlling the Fusarium oxysporum NCAIM-F-00779-caused damping-off disease of cowpea plants grown in greenhouse conditions was also studied. Using a one-factor-at-a-time experiment, five cheap agricultural waste substrates (faba bean, cowpea, sweet potato, pumpkin, and cassava) were studied using the Plackett–Burman design (PBD) and the central composite design (CCD) to optimize the nutritional and growth conditions to maximize the production of Trichoderma conidia. The findings demonstrated that increasing Candida production quantitatively required the use of 3 g of sweet potato, 3 g of cassava, pH 6, 25 °C, and pre-treatment with dH2O. The shelf life and viability of T. lixii strain were measured as log10 CFU g−1 per substrate at room temperature (RT, 25 °C) at the beginning of month 0 and subsequently at 2-month intervals for 12 months. Data showed that the fungal counts increased with the use of 4 g of sweet potato + 2 g of cassava up to 7 months and then sharply decreased, lasting up to 12 months. Additionally, this bioformulation was applied to cowpea plants in a greenhouse experiment, where a significantly higher level of plant growth traits, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzymes, and chemical content in the leaves, as well as lower incidence of the damping-off disease, were noted. Accordingly, it is possible to suggest 4 g of sweet potato and 2 g of cassava as a suitable bioformulation for the industrial-scale production of the T. lixii strain, which may be a potential biocontrol agent for preventing the cowpea damping-off disease caused by F. oxysporum and improving the growth dynamics.
由于农业废弃物中含有丰富的生物活性物质,它们可以作为生产高价值产品的替代来源,同时降低对环境的污染水平。因此,我们旨在确定最佳的农业废弃物,以提高生物防治菌株利希木霉SARS 111在固态发酵系统中的生物量产量和有效性。研究了其在提高豇豆生长动态和防治温室条件下由尖孢镰刀菌ncam - f -00779引起的枯萎病方面的应用潜力。采用单因素试验,采用Plackett-Burman设计(PBD)和中心复合设计(CCD)对5种廉价农业废弃物(蚕豆、豇豆、甘薯、南瓜和木薯)进行营养和生长条件优化,以最大限度地提高分生木霉的产量。结果表明,增加念珠菌产量需要使用3g甘薯和3g木薯,pH为6,温度为25°C, dH2O预处理。在室温(RT, 25°C)下,从第0个月开始,以log10 CFU g−1 /底物为单位,每隔2个月测量一次,共12个月。数据显示,使用4 g甘薯+ 2 g木薯7个月后,真菌数量增加,然后急剧下降,持续时间长达12个月。此外,在温室试验中,将这种生物制剂应用于豇豆植物,发现植物生长性状、光合色素、抗氧化酶和叶片中的化学成分水平显著提高,并且降低了萎蔫病的发病率。因此,可以建议4 g甘薯和2 g木薯作为lixii T. lixii菌株工业化生产的合适生物制剂,该菌株可能是一种潜在的生物防治剂,可以预防由尖孢镰刀菌引起的豇豆干枯病,改善其生长动态。
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引用次数: 0
The Detection of Circulating Cell-Free DNA for the Diagnosis of Schistosoma in Immigrants from African Countries in Italy 检测循环游离细胞 DNA 以诊断意大利非洲国家移民中的血吸虫
IF 1.5 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres14040137
Dimartino Valentina, Scopelliti Fernanda, Cattani Caterina, Nicolella Gianluca, Cavani Andrea
The rising migration and travel from and towards endemic areas has brought renewed concerns about many parasitic infections, including neglected tropical diseases, such as schistosomiasis. Although serology is the most widely used method for the screening of schistosomiasis in non-endemic countries, this technique lacks sensitivity, especially to distinguish between past and ongoing infections. More recently, a molecular test based on the detection of Schistosoma cell-free DNA in the serum has been proposed as a diagnostic procedure for parasitosis. To test the performance of a blood PCR assay, this work investigated 102 serum samples collected from migrants coming from endemic areas by using primers specific to genomic regions of S. mansoni and S. haematobium patients. The results were then compared with the detection of specific IgG Abs with serological tests. Molecular analysis detected Schistosoma DNA in 32 patients. Among them, we characterized nine S. haematobium, 20 S. mansoni, and three coinfections. Compared with molecular assay, serological analysis detected specific antibodies against Schistosoma antigens in 52 out of 102 patients. Concordance between the two tests was found in 76 out of 102 patients (74.51%): in particular, both diagnostic tests were positive in 29 patients (28.43%) and negative in 47 (46.08%). The specificity of the molecular test was 94%. Overall, our data suggest that serological diagnosis could be combined with the molecular approach, providing the clinician with the serotyping of the parasite and useful information about the infection as well as the required further diagnostic procedures.
来自和前往流行地区的移徙和旅行不断增加,重新引起人们对许多寄生虫感染的关注,包括被忽视的热带病,如血吸虫病。虽然血清学是在非流行国家最广泛使用的血吸虫病筛查方法,但这种技术缺乏敏感性,特别是在区分过去和正在发生的感染方面。最近,一种基于检测血清中无血吸虫细胞DNA的分子测试已被提议作为寄生虫病的诊断程序。为了测试血液PCR检测的性能,本工作使用mansoni s.m ansoni和haematobium s.m antoium基因组区域特异性引物,对来自流行地区的移民收集的102份血清样本进行了研究。将结果与血清学检测特异性IgG抗体进行比较。分子分析检测32例患者的血吸虫DNA。其中,我们鉴定了9例血红梭菌,20例曼氏梭菌和3例合并感染。与分子分析相比,血清学分析在102例患者中检测到52例血吸虫抗原特异性抗体。102例患者中有76例(74.51%)两项检测结果一致:特别是29例(28.43%)患者两项诊断检测结果均为阳性,47例(46.08%)患者两项检测结果均为阴性。分子检测的特异性为94%。总的来说,我们的数据表明血清学诊断可以与分子方法相结合,为临床医生提供寄生虫的血清分型和有关感染的有用信息,以及所需的进一步诊断程序。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Outer Surface Protein Vaccine Candidates of Borrelia burgdorferi for Lyme Disease 评估治疗莱姆病的鲍曼不动杆菌候选外表面蛋白疫苗
IF 1.5 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres14040136
I. Liekniņa, Anna Kozlova, Marina Šaško, I. Akopjana, K. Brangulis, K. Tārs
Lyme disease affects several hundred thousand people worldwide annually, yet there is no registered vaccine for the disease available for human use. The disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex bacteria, which harbor numerous outer surface proteins, and many of which have been targeted for vaccine development. However, to effectively combat various Borrelia species, the target protein should ideally be conserved and located in the chromosome. In this study, we evaluated the potential of seven conservative, chromosome-encoded outer surface proteins as vaccine candidates. Unfortunately, four of the initial candidates could not be produced in E. coli. The remaining BB0028, BB0158, and BB0689 proteins were administered to mice in both the free form and as conjugates with virus-like particles (VLPs). In most cases, high antibody titers were obtained, confirming the good immunogenicity of the selected proteins. However, for BB0158 and BB0689 proteins, adverse effects were observed following the injection of free proteins, which were not observed when they were coupled to VLPs. Bactericidity tests of the obtained antibodies suggested that none of the vaccine candidates could induce the production of bactericidal antibodies.
莱姆病每年影响全球数十万人,但目前还没有注册的疫苗可供人类使用。该病由 Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato 复合细菌引起,这种细菌携带大量外表面蛋白,其中许多蛋白已成为疫苗开发的目标。然而,要有效防治不同种类的包柔氏菌,目标蛋白最好是保守的且位于染色体中。在这项研究中,我们评估了七种保守的染色体编码的外表面蛋白作为候选疫苗的潜力。遗憾的是,最初的候选蛋白中有四个无法在大肠杆菌中生产。剩下的 BB0028、BB0158 和 BB0689 蛋白以游离形式或与病毒样颗粒 (VLP) 结合的形式给小鼠注射。在大多数情况下,都获得了高抗体滴度,证实了所选蛋白质具有良好的免疫原性。不过,BB0158 和 BB0689 蛋白在注射游离蛋白后出现了不良反应,而与 VLP 结合后则没有出现不良反应。对获得的抗体进行的细菌性测试表明,没有一种候选疫苗能诱导产生杀菌抗体。
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引用次数: 0
Colombian Fungal Diversity: Untapped Potential for Diverse Applications 哥伦比亚真菌多样性:尚未开发的多种应用潜力
IF 1.5 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres14040135
Esteban Charria-Girón, A. Vasco-Palacios, Bibiana Moncada, Y. Marin-Felix
The current list of fungi from Colombia updated in the present review contains a total of 7619 species. The Ascomycota appears as the most diverse group, with 4818 species, followed by the Basidiomycota, with 2555 species. Despite this, we presume that the actual fungal diversity in Colombia could amount to between 105,600 and 300,000 species. Fungi represent an underestimated resource, indispensable for human well-being. Even though the current knowledge on potential applications of Colombian fungi is still limited, the number of studies on areas such as natural products discovery, biological control, and food and beverages, among other biotechnological applications, are increasing. With the current review, we aim to present a comprehensive update on the fungal diversity in Colombia and its potential applications. Colombia’s native fungal biodiversity holds much potential within the country’s current social-economical context, and the future must ensure efforts to preserve both the biodiversity and the untapped resources of the fungi in Colombia, which in alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) might result in new bioeconomy avenues for the country.
本综述更新的哥伦比亚现有真菌名录共包含 7619 个物种。子囊菌目(Ascomycota)的种类最多,有 4818 种,其次是担子菌目(Basidiomycota),有 2555 种。尽管如此,我们推测哥伦比亚真菌的实际多样性可能在 105,600 至 300,000 种之间。真菌是一种被低估的资源,对人类福祉不可或缺。尽管目前对哥伦比亚真菌潜在应用的了解仍然有限,但有关天然产品发现、生物防治、食品和饮料等生物技术应用领域的研究数量正在不断增加。本综述旨在全面介绍哥伦比亚真菌多样性及其潜在应用的最新情况。哥伦比亚本土的真菌生物多样性在该国当前的社会经济背景下蕴藏着巨大潜力,未来必须努力保护哥伦比亚的生物多样性和尚未开发的真菌资源,这与可持续发展目标(SDGs)相一致,可能会为该国带来新的生物经济途径。
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引用次数: 0
Characterization and Biological Activities of Yeasts Isolated from Marine Environments 从海洋环境中分离的酵母菌的特征和生物活性
IF 1.5 Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres14040134
Woon-Jong Yu, Dawoon Chung, Seung Seob Bae, Y. Kwon, Eun-Seo Cho, Grace Choi
Marine yeasts have versatile applications in the industrial, medical, and environmental fields. However, they have received little attention compared to terrestrial yeasts and filamentous fungi. In this study, a phylogenetic analysis of 11 marine-derived yeasts was conducted using internal transcribed spacers and nuclear large subunit rDNA, and their bioactivities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and tyrosinase inhibition activities, were investigated. The 11 marine-derived yeasts were identified to belong to seven species including Geotrichum candidum, Metschnikowia bicuspidata, Papiliotrema fonsecae, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Vishniacozyma carnescens, Yamadazyma olivae, and Yarrowia lipolytica, and three strains of these were candidates for new species of the genera Aureobasidium, Rhodotorula, and Vishniacozyma. Most extracts showed antioxidant activity, whereas seven strains exhibited antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis. Only Aureobasidium sp. US-Sd3 among the 11 isolates showed tyrosinase inhibition. Metschnikowia bicuspidata BP-Up1 and Yamadazyma olivae K2-6 showed notable radical-scavenging activity, which has not been previously reported. Moreover, Aureobasidium sp. US-Sd3 exhibited the highest antibacterial and tyrosinase inhibitory activities. These results demonstrate the potential of marine-derived yeasts as a source of bioactive compounds for improving industrial applications.
海洋酵母菌在工业、医疗和环境领域有着广泛的应用。然而,与陆生酵母菌和丝状真菌相比,它们很少受到关注。本研究利用内部转录间隔和核大亚基 rDNA 对 11 种海洋酵母菌进行了系统发育分析,并研究了它们的生物活性,如抗氧化、抗菌和抑制酪氨酸酶活性。经鉴定,这11种海洋酵母属于7个物种,包括Geotrichum candidum、Metschnikowia bicuspidata、Papiliotrema fonsecae、Rhodotorula mucilaginosa、Vishniacozyma carnescens、Yamadazyma olivae和Yarrowia lipolytica,其中3株候选为Aureobasidium属、Rhodotorula属和Vishniacozyma属的新物种。大多数提取物具有抗氧化活性,而 7 株菌株对枯草杆菌具有抗菌活性。11 个分离株中只有 Aureobasidium sp. US-Sd3 对酪氨酸酶有抑制作用。Metschnikowia bicuspidata BP-Up1 和 Yamadazyma olivae K2-6 具有显著的自由基清除活性,这是以前从未报道过的。此外,Aureobasidium sp. US-Sd3 的抗菌和抑制酪氨酸酶活性最高。这些结果表明,海洋酵母具有作为生物活性化合物来源的潜力,可改善工业应用。
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引用次数: 0
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Microbiology Research
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