A. Lewandowski, Jadwiga Sarwińska, Zuzanna Piekorz
Introduction: The aim of the study is to determine basic physical traits of physiotherapists and indicators of their occupation according to social expectations. Material and Methods: 2121 people of different sex, age and education participated in the study. The preferences were categorized by sex and the education level. The test for equality of two percentage structures based on statistics ‘Z’ and the test for equality of proportions based on Fisher-Snedecor’s test were implemented. Results: The preferences for the physical traits are consistent with those commonly expected, and the high level of fitness is expected in the context of significant psychological and physical burdens. The respondents’ education level rather than gender seems to be a more significant variable in the evaluation of personal characteristics. The most significant differences can be noticed in the choices of people with a low level of education. Conclusions: Sex and education influence the preferences regarding the build of a physiotherapist and the characteristics of their job, and the results of the most important appearance attributes and body build clearly show a lack of social acceptance of therapists who neglect their appearance.
{"title":"Physiotherapists’ work in public perception","authors":"A. Lewandowski, Jadwiga Sarwińska, Zuzanna Piekorz","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of the study is to determine basic physical traits of physiotherapists and indicators of their occupation according to social expectations. Material and Methods: 2121 people of different sex, age and education participated in the study. The preferences were categorized by sex and the education level. The test for equality of two percentage structures based on statistics ‘Z’ and the test for equality of proportions based on Fisher-Snedecor’s test were implemented. Results: The preferences for the physical traits are consistent with those commonly expected, and the high level of fitness is expected in the context of significant psychological and physical burdens. The respondents’ education level rather than gender seems to be a more significant variable in the evaluation of personal characteristics. The most significant differences can be noticed in the choices of people with a low level of education. Conclusions: Sex and education influence the preferences regarding the build of a physiotherapist and the characteristics of their job, and the results of the most important appearance attributes and body build clearly show a lack of social acceptance of therapists who neglect their appearance.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74686392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The physiological curvatures of the spine in the sagittal plane are constantly evolving along with changes in the structure and proportions of the body and physical activity. The aim of this study is to identify and assess the strength of the influence of body features and indices on the values of lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis angles with the use of a mathematical model. In the years 2006–2016, 1,314 female students aged ( ± SD 19.7 ± 0.4) (min.–max. 18.1–22.5) were examined. Materials and Methods. The following measurements were made: body mass (BM), body height (BH), waist circumference (WC), hips circumference (HC), body fat (%Fat), total body water (%TBW), the value of thoracic kyphosis angles (THKA) and lumbar lordosis angles (LLA). The body mass index (BMI), the body adiposity index (BAI), the waist–hip ratio (WHR) and the waist circumference (WC) were analyzed. Results: WC is the predictor for changes in the value of the angle of thoracic kyphosis, and the BAI is a predictor for changes in the value of angle of lumbar lordosis. Conclusion: The presented mathematical models are a method of non-invasive control of the values of the angles of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis and support the monitoring of the process of compensation, correction and therapy.
{"title":"The use of characteristics and indicators of body construction as predictors in the identification of the angle values of the physiological curves of the spine in sequential objective testing - mathematical models","authors":"Jacek Tuz, A. Maszczyk, A. Zwierzchowska","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The physiological curvatures of the spine in the sagittal plane are constantly evolving along with changes in the structure and proportions of the body and physical activity. The aim of this study is to identify and assess the strength of the influence of body features and indices on the values of lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis angles with the use of a mathematical model. In the years 2006–2016, 1,314 female students aged ( ± SD 19.7 ± 0.4) (min.–max. 18.1–22.5) were examined. Materials and Methods. The following measurements were made: body mass (BM), body height (BH), waist circumference (WC), hips circumference (HC), body fat (%Fat), total body water (%TBW), the value of thoracic kyphosis angles (THKA) and lumbar lordosis angles (LLA). The body mass index (BMI), the body adiposity index (BAI), the waist–hip ratio (WHR) and the waist circumference (WC) were analyzed. Results: WC is the predictor for changes in the value of the angle of thoracic kyphosis, and the BAI is a predictor for changes in the value of angle of lumbar lordosis. Conclusion: The presented mathematical models are a method of non-invasive control of the values of the angles of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis and support the monitoring of the process of compensation, correction and therapy.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83784505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The aim of this study is to develop the Taekwondo Performance Protocol (TPP), with which taekwondo-specific speed and quickness performance can be measured. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with the participation of 79 active athletes that were at least at 1st gup level (red – black belt). At the development stage of the TPP, reliability calculations were made using the test-retest method. During the examination of the validity of TPP, Illinois agility, 20-meter sprint, vertical jump, and anaerobic power (Lewis) performances and the correlations between them were examined. In addition, TPP's effectiveness in distinguishing athletes of different performance levels was examined. Results: The results showed that TPP has a high level of reliability. It was also found that TPP was associated with Illinois agility, 20-m sprint, vertical jump, and anaerobic power (Lewis) characteristics at a low-to-medium level and had a high level of distinguishing ability for athletes of different performance levels. Conclusions: The results show that TPP is an economical, simple, reliable, and valid taekwondo-specific performance test.
{"title":"Development of the Taekwondo Performance Protocol to Assess Technical Speed and Quickness","authors":"Cengiz Olmez, Selami Yuksek","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of this study is to develop the Taekwondo Performance Protocol (TPP), with which taekwondo-specific speed and quickness performance can be measured. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with the participation of 79 active athletes that were at least at 1st gup level (red – black belt). At the development stage of the TPP, reliability calculations were made using the test-retest method. During the examination of the validity of TPP, Illinois agility, 20-meter sprint, vertical jump, and anaerobic power (Lewis) performances and the correlations between them were examined. In addition, TPP's effectiveness in distinguishing athletes of different performance levels was examined. Results: The results showed that TPP has a high level of reliability. It was also found that TPP was associated with Illinois agility, 20-m sprint, vertical jump, and anaerobic power (Lewis) characteristics at a low-to-medium level and had a high level of distinguishing ability for athletes of different performance levels. Conclusions: The results show that TPP is an economical, simple, reliable, and valid taekwondo-specific performance test.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89274098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sebastian Keller, H. Notbohm, W. Bloch, M. Schumann
Introduction: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are produced as a response to exercise and play a part in guiding the adaptive response to physical training. Exercise in the heat has been shown to further increase accumulation of RONS in systemic circulation; however, a high anti-oxidative response or heat acclimatization mechanisms could attenuate this response. In a previous study, we found reduced RONS concentrations in trained athletes following strenuous cycling in the heat. Therefore, this secondary analysis assessed whether these reduced RONS serum con-centrations are induced by an increased serum antioxidant capacity. Methods: Twelve male cyclists (V̇O2peak: 60 ± 4 ml ∙ kg-1 ∙ min-1) completed a 60-minute constant workload trial (55% peak power output, ambient temperature 30.4 ± 0.6°C) with and without ice vest in a randomized order. The core body temperature (Tcore) was measured by an ingestible capsule. Blood samples were col-lected before and after each trial to determine superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and RONS. Due to the absence of between-group dif-ferences, data of both conditions were pooled. Results: Tcore statistically increased (p < 0.001) over the experimental trials (+6.0 ± 1.6%, effect size (ES) = 5.6). Concentrations of RONS (-17.2 ± 15.5%, p < 0.001, ES = 1.0) and TAC (-8.9 ± 22.9%, p = 0.04, ES = 0.7) statistically decreased, while the activity of CAT (+15.5 ± 84.0%, p = 0.90, ES = 0.04) and SOD (+9.2 ± 58.7%, p = 0.98, ES = 0.01) remained un-changed. Conclusions: Reduced serum RONS concentrations after strenuous cycling in the heat were not associated with upregulation of serum antioxidant capacity in trained athletes. The prooxidant-antioxidant balance may rather be regulated at a myocellular level and should be further assessed in future studies.
摘要:活性氧和活性氮(Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, RONS)是机体对运动产生的反应，在指导机体对运动的适应性反应中起着重要作用。高温下的运动已被证明会进一步增加体循环中活性氧的积累;然而，高抗氧化反应或热驯化机制可能会减弱这种反应。在之前的一项研究中，我们发现训练有素的运动员在高温下剧烈骑行后，其ron浓度会降低。因此，这项二级分析评估了这些降低的RONS血清浓度是否是由血清抗氧化能力增加引起的。方法:12名男性骑自行车者(V (o) 2峰值:60±4 ml∙kg-1∙min-1)，以随机顺序完成60分钟恒定负荷试验(55%峰值功率输出，环境温度30.4±0.6°C)。核心体温(Tcore)采用可摄取胶囊测量。每次试验前后均采集血样，测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、总抗氧化能力(TAC)和活性氧自由基(RONS)。由于没有组间差异，因此将两种情况的数据合并。结果:Tcore较实验组有统计学差异(p < 0.001)(+6.0±1.6%，效应量(ES) = 5.6)。小鼠血清中活性氧(-17.2±15.5%，p < 0.001, ES = 1.0)和活性氧(-8.9±22.9%，p = 0.04, ES = 0.7)含量均有统计学意义降低，而CAT(+15.5±84.0%，p = 0.90, ES = 0.04)和SOD(+9.2±58.7%，p = 0.98, ES = 0.01)活性保持不变。结论:在训练有素的运动员中，在高温下剧烈骑行后血清RONS浓度的降低与血清抗氧化能力的上调无关。促氧化-抗氧化平衡可能是在心肌细胞水平上调节的，应该在未来的研究中进一步评估。
{"title":"Reduced serum concentrations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species following strenuous exercise in the heat are not associ-ated with an upregulation in serum antioxidative capacity","authors":"Sebastian Keller, H. Notbohm, W. Bloch, M. Schumann","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.14.4.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.14.4.03","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are produced as a response to exercise and play a part in guiding the adaptive response to physical training. Exercise in the heat has been shown to further increase accumulation of RONS in systemic circulation; however, a high anti-oxidative response or heat acclimatization mechanisms could attenuate this response. In a previous study, we found reduced RONS concentrations in trained athletes following strenuous cycling in the heat. Therefore, this secondary analysis assessed whether these reduced RONS serum con-centrations are induced by an increased serum antioxidant capacity. Methods: Twelve male cyclists (V̇O2peak: 60 ± 4 ml ∙ kg-1 ∙ min-1) completed a 60-minute constant workload trial (55% peak power output, ambient temperature 30.4 ± 0.6°C) with and without ice vest in a randomized order. The core body temperature (Tcore) was measured by an ingestible capsule. Blood samples were col-lected before and after each trial to determine superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and RONS. Due to the absence of between-group dif-ferences, data of both conditions were pooled. Results: Tcore statistically increased (p < 0.001) over the experimental trials (+6.0 ± 1.6%, effect size (ES) = 5.6). Concentrations of RONS (-17.2 ± 15.5%, p < 0.001, ES = 1.0) and TAC (-8.9 ± 22.9%, p = 0.04, ES = 0.7) statistically decreased, while the activity of CAT (+15.5 ± 84.0%, p = 0.90, ES = 0.04) and SOD (+9.2 ± 58.7%, p = 0.98, ES = 0.01) remained un-changed. Conclusions: Reduced serum RONS concentrations after strenuous cycling in the heat were not associated with upregulation of serum antioxidant capacity in trained athletes. The prooxidant-antioxidant balance may rather be regulated at a myocellular level and should be further assessed in future studies.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90515828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Esen, N. Kafa, N. Atalay Guzel, Cengiz Akarcesme
Taping has long been used by health professionals to provide mechanical support for the musculoskeletal system. However, there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate the effect of Dynamic® taping. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Dynamic® taping on vertical jump and medial longitudinal arch height in adolescent volleyball players with navicular drop. Material and Methods: 23 female athletes participated in the study (mean age of 15.22 ± 1.54 years). The medial longitudinal arch height was evaluated with the navicular drop test. Vertical jumping was measured with the VERT® device (Mayfonk Athletic, USA). On the first day, athletes were evaluated without a tape, and the next day re-evaluated with the taping on. All athletes jumped on eight different surfaces. Results: The distance of navicular drop in both feet decreased to a statistically significant extent (P < .05) following Dynamic® taping. Comparing the vertical jump heights on eight different floor surfaces, it was found that there was no statistically significant difference for all cases (P > .05). Conclusions: Dynamic® tape application can be used as an easy-to-apply practical treatment agent to support the MLA in asymptomatic athletes with an increasing navicular drop.
{"title":"The effects of Dynamic® taping on vertical jumps in adolescent volleyball players with low medial longitudinal arch","authors":"D. Esen, N. Kafa, N. Atalay Guzel, Cengiz Akarcesme","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.14.4.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.14.4.04","url":null,"abstract":"Taping has long been used by health professionals to provide mechanical support for the musculoskeletal system. However, there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate the effect of Dynamic® taping. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Dynamic® taping on vertical jump and medial longitudinal arch height in adolescent volleyball players with navicular drop. Material and Methods: 23 female athletes participated in the study (mean age of 15.22 ± 1.54 years). The medial longitudinal arch height was evaluated with the navicular drop test. Vertical jumping was measured with the VERT® device (Mayfonk Athletic, USA). On the first day, athletes were evaluated without a tape, and the next day re-evaluated with the taping on. All athletes jumped on eight different surfaces. Results: The distance of navicular drop in both feet decreased to a statistically significant extent (P < .05) following Dynamic® taping. Comparing the vertical jump heights on eight different floor surfaces, it was found that there was no statistically significant difference for all cases (P > .05). Conclusions: Dynamic® tape application can be used as an easy-to-apply practical treatment agent to support the MLA in asymptomatic athletes with an increasing navicular drop.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90812606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Radziminski, A. Szwarc, Z. Jastrzębski, Agata Rzeszutko-Bełzowska
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential associations between physical and technical match performance and to compare these activities in relation to the match outcome. Materials and methods: The research was based on an analysis of 622 matches of the Polish Ekstraklasa during three consecutive seasons. Such variables as total distance, distance covered in different speed zones, effective playing time, ball possession, number of passes and passing accuracy were taken into account. Results: Effective playing time (Et) was significantly and fairly correlated with total distance (r = 0.39, p < 0.001), ball possession (r = 0.50, p < 0.001), number of passes (r = 0.40, p < 0.001), number of accurate passes (r = 0.43, p < 0.001) and passing accuracy (r = 0.42, p < 0.001). The comparison of the match performance according to the game outcome indicated that the total and sprinting distance covered by winning teams were significantly (p < 0.01) longer than in losing teams (113.3 vs 112.7 km). In turn, the defeated teams had signifi-cantly greater ball possession (28.3 vs 26.4 mins) and performed a larger number of passes (470 vs 428) than the winning teams. Conclusions: Et is one of the factors influencing the physical and technical match performance. Coaches should be aware that their team will have to cover a longer distance when playing against teams that prefer to keep the ball.
前言:本研究的目的是调查身体和技术比赛表现之间的潜在联系，并比较这些活动与比赛结果的关系。材料和方法:本研究基于对波兰Ekstraklasa连续三个赛季622场比赛的分析。这些变量包括总距离、不同速度区覆盖的距离、有效比赛时间、控球率、传球次数和传球精度。结果:有效比赛时间(Et)与总距离(r = 0.39, p < 0.001)、控球次数(r = 0.50, p < 0.001)、传球次数(r = 0.40, p < 0.001)、准确传球次数(r = 0.43, p < 0.001)、传球准确率(r = 0.42, p < 0.001)呈显著正相关。根据比赛结果对比赛成绩进行比较，胜队的总跑距离和冲刺距离均明显大于败队(113.3 km vs 112.7 km) (p < 0.01)。反过来，输球队的控球时间(28.3分钟对26.4分钟)和传球次数(470分钟对428分钟)也明显多于输球队。结论:Et是影响体能和技术比赛成绩的因素之一。教练应该意识到，当与喜欢控球的球队比赛时，他们的球队将不得不跑更远的距离。
{"title":"Relationships between technical and physical match performance in elite soccer","authors":"L. Radziminski, A. Szwarc, Z. Jastrzębski, Agata Rzeszutko-Bełzowska","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.14.4.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.14.4.01","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential associations between physical and technical match performance and to compare these activities in relation to the match outcome. Materials and methods: The research was based on an analysis of 622 matches of the Polish Ekstraklasa during three consecutive seasons. Such variables as total distance, distance covered in different speed zones, effective playing time, ball possession, number of passes and passing accuracy were taken into account. Results: Effective playing time (Et) was significantly and fairly correlated with total distance (r = 0.39, p < 0.001), ball possession (r = 0.50, p < 0.001), number of passes (r = 0.40, p < 0.001), number of accurate passes (r = 0.43, p < 0.001) and passing accuracy (r = 0.42, p < 0.001). The comparison of the match performance according to the game outcome indicated that the total and sprinting distance covered by winning teams were significantly (p < 0.01) longer than in losing teams (113.3 vs 112.7 km). In turn, the defeated teams had signifi-cantly greater ball possession (28.3 vs 26.4 mins) and performed a larger number of passes (470 vs 428) than the winning teams. Conclusions: Et is one of the factors influencing the physical and technical match performance. Coaches should be aware that their team will have to cover a longer distance when playing against teams that prefer to keep the ball.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82277800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rabia Rümeysa Kocatürk, İlke Karagöz, Ebru Yanik, Ö. Özcan, T. Ergüzel, M. Karahan, N. Tarhan
Introduction: This systematic review aims to examine the effects of the CYP1A2 −163C>A and ADORA2A 1976T>C polymorphism on physiological effects and performance relative to caffeine consumption. Material and Methods: In this study, electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Korean Journal Database, Russian Science Citation Index, SciELO Citation Index, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest Dissertations & Thesis Global and EBSCO were searched. Results: The results highlight that individuals with the TT or CT/CC genotype can have differences in caffeine consumption, and C carriers may have increases in the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max). The AA or AC/CC genotypes can have different caffeine consumption and VO2max. In four studies, TT or CT/CC either in AA or CC genotype had different physiological effects. Regardless of the amount of caffeine (3 mg/kg-5 mg/kg), Carriers of the C allele in the genotype ADORA2A gene have higher sports performance. Six studies revealed a significant correlation between the AA genotype and performance following caffeine intake. Conclusions: Genotype variations in ADORA2A and CYP1A2 may modulate the ergogenic effects of caffeine, but some physiological effects can occur for different genotypes.
{"title":"The effects of CYP1A2 and ADORA2A genotypes association with acute caffeine intake on physiological effects and performance: A systematic review","authors":"Rabia Rümeysa Kocatürk, İlke Karagöz, Ebru Yanik, Ö. Özcan, T. Ergüzel, M. Karahan, N. Tarhan","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.14.3.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.14.3.08","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This systematic review aims to examine the effects of the CYP1A2 −163C>A and ADORA2A 1976T>C polymorphism on physiological effects and performance relative to caffeine consumption. Material and Methods: In this study, electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Korean Journal Database, Russian Science Citation Index, SciELO Citation Index, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest Dissertations & Thesis Global and EBSCO were searched. Results: The results highlight that individuals with the TT or CT/CC genotype can have differences in caffeine consumption, and C carriers may have increases in the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max). The AA or AC/CC genotypes can have different caffeine consumption and VO2max. In four studies, TT or CT/CC either in AA or CC genotype had different physiological effects. Regardless of the amount of caffeine (3 mg/kg-5 mg/kg), Carriers of the C allele in the genotype ADORA2A gene have higher sports performance. Six studies revealed a significant correlation between the AA genotype and performance following caffeine intake. Conclusions: Genotype variations in ADORA2A and CYP1A2 may modulate the ergogenic effects of caffeine, but some physiological effects can occur for different genotypes.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75016299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Meléndez-Gallardo, Mariana Figueroa, Gonzalo Butti, Mauro Iriart, M. Stefanelli
Introduction: Maintaining an appropriate level of hydration is essential to health, especially when doing physical exercise. Thus, the importance of monitoring the before, during and after exercise status. Therefore, knowing and studying the changes and indicators that may provide reliable information on fluctuations in a simple, quick manner, via non-invasive sampling techniques becomes essential. Material and Methods: The data analyzed and processed (α-amylase, K+, Cl-, cortisol, total protein, and osmolality concentration in saliva) in this study are available on the free access research platform for complex physiological signals (https://physionet.org/content/qde/1.0.0/). Ten male subjects voluntarily took part in this study. The median and standard deviation of height, body weight, and age were 179 ±7.5 cm. 79.3 ±9.0 kg. and 25.5 ±3.7 years, respectively. Results: The α-amylase, K+, cortisol, total protein, and osmolality concentration in saliva showed significant variations for moderate dehydration levels. For the cases of Cl- concentration changes in saliva, statistically significant changes can be observed at a much earlier stage (in mild dehydration conditions). Conclusions: The results suggest that Cl- concentration in saliva might be used as an indicator for the hydration status. Therefore, a scale to monitor the hydration status is proposed.
{"title":"Salivary molecules as indicators of hydration status","authors":"J. Meléndez-Gallardo, Mariana Figueroa, Gonzalo Butti, Mauro Iriart, M. Stefanelli","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.14.3.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.14.3.05","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Maintaining an appropriate level of hydration is essential to health, especially when doing physical exercise. Thus, the importance of monitoring the before, during and after exercise status. Therefore, knowing and studying the changes and indicators that may provide reliable information on fluctuations in a simple, quick manner, via non-invasive sampling techniques becomes essential. Material and Methods: The data analyzed and processed (α-amylase, K+, Cl-, cortisol, total protein, and osmolality concentration in saliva) in this study are available on the free access research platform for complex physiological signals (https://physionet.org/content/qde/1.0.0/). Ten male subjects voluntarily took part in this study. The median and standard deviation of height, body weight, and age were 179 ±7.5 cm. 79.3 ±9.0 kg. and 25.5 ±3.7 years, respectively. Results: The α-amylase, K+, cortisol, total protein, and osmolality concentration in saliva showed significant variations for moderate dehydration levels. For the cases of Cl- concentration changes in saliva, statistically significant changes can be observed at a much earlier stage (in mild dehydration conditions). Conclusions: The results suggest that Cl- concentration in saliva might be used as an indicator for the hydration status. Therefore, a scale to monitor the hydration status is proposed.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86961162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The use of the Gait Speed (GS) test in clinical practice has been documented in many scientific studies. However, there is a lack of tools to use the aforementioned test for diagnosis and follow-up of changes in the process of health training in postmenopausal women. Having considered the foregoing, the main objective of this study was to develop quantitative and qualitative criteria to assess gait speed in women aged 60–75 years. Material and methods: Sixty women aged 60–75 years participated in the study. The structure of the gait speed rating scale was based on Zaciorski's model. The data collected during the GS test was analyzed. We developed quantitative and qualitative criteria to assess gait speed in women over the age of 60, which ranged from 1.25 m/s to 2.3 m/s. Results and conclusions: The scale presented in this study can constitute an effective tool to help estimate the level of gait speed in women aged 60–75 years, which is particularly important in coaching practice during diagnostics and programming of physical activity.
{"title":"Quantitative and qualitative criteria for assessing gait speed in women aged 60–75 years – A pilot study","authors":"Z. Ossowski","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.14.3.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.14.3.06","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The use of the Gait Speed (GS) test in clinical practice has been documented in many scientific studies. However, there is a lack of tools to use the aforementioned test for diagnosis and follow-up of changes in the process of health training in postmenopausal women. Having considered the foregoing, the main objective of this study was to develop quantitative and qualitative criteria to assess gait speed in women aged 60–75 years. Material and methods: Sixty women aged 60–75 years participated in the study. The structure of the gait speed rating scale was based on Zaciorski's model. The data collected during the GS test was analyzed. We developed quantitative and qualitative criteria to assess gait speed in women over the age of 60, which ranged from 1.25 m/s to 2.3 m/s. Results and conclusions: The scale presented in this study can constitute an effective tool to help estimate the level of gait speed in women aged 60–75 years, which is particularly important in coaching practice during diagnostics and programming of physical activity.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72869776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: This study characterized yoga as a form of free-time physical activity by analyzing and evaluating the body composition of women who regularly practice yoga, and by describing the effect of yoga on their psychophysical health. Material and Methods: The study involved 94 women: 56 yoga practitioners and 38 Zumba participants. The subjects were surveyed with a questionnaire to elicit information about their socioeconomic status. Body composition was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Differences were assessed with two-tailed chi-square tests and Student’s t-tests. Results: The vast majority of the participants (89%) felt a positive influence of yoga on their mental well-being; 86% noticed an improvement in physical health. More than half of the subjects adhered to a diet; those who practiced yoga chose vegetarian (29%) and vegan (13%) diets more often than those who did Zumba. Yoga participants had a higher BMI than Zumba participants (24.19 vs. 23.43), but they had a lower percentage of fat (28.84% vs. 29.89%) and higher fat free mass (47.08 kg vs. 44.13 kg). Conclusions: Yoga practice positively affects the psychophysical well-being of women. Despite their higher BMI, yoga practitioners had a slightly more favorable body composition, which may indicate that yoga positively affects individual body components and body shape.
{"title":"Body composition and psychophysical well-being of women practicing yoga","authors":"A. Omelan, Justyna Wiśniewska, R. Podstawski","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.14.3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.14.3.04","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study characterized yoga as a form of free-time physical activity by analyzing and evaluating the body composition of women who regularly practice yoga, and by describing the effect of yoga on their psychophysical health. Material and Methods: The study involved 94 women: 56 yoga practitioners and 38 Zumba participants. The subjects were surveyed with a questionnaire to elicit information about their socioeconomic status. Body composition was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Differences were assessed with two-tailed chi-square tests and Student’s t-tests. Results: The vast majority of the participants (89%) felt a positive influence of yoga on their mental well-being; 86% noticed an improvement in physical health. More than half of the subjects adhered to a diet; those who practiced yoga chose vegetarian (29%) and vegan (13%) diets more often than those who did Zumba. Yoga participants had a higher BMI than Zumba participants (24.19 vs. 23.43), but they had a lower percentage of fat (28.84% vs. 29.89%) and higher fat free mass (47.08 kg vs. 44.13 kg). Conclusions: Yoga practice positively affects the psychophysical well-being of women. Despite their higher BMI, yoga practitioners had a slightly more favorable body composition, which may indicate that yoga positively affects individual body components and body shape.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74085641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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