Dawid Gawel, Magdalena Kaszuba, Z. Komarek, R. Krawczyk, Marta Bichowska, M. Jasiński, R. Trybulski
Introduction. The main goal of this study was to examine the effect of acute intake of 3 mg/kg/body mass (b.m.) of caffeine (CAF) on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance in recreationally trained women habituated to CAF. Material and Methods. 17 healthy recreationally trained women habitually using CAF participated in the study. The experiment followed randomized, cross-over, double-blind design under three different conditions: control test (CONT) or consumed placebo (PLAC) or consumed 3 mg/kg/b.m. of CAF (CAF-3). Each participant performed 2 sets of 2 CMJ. The following variables were recorded: concentric peak velocity (PV), peak power (PP) and jump height (JH). Results. The two-way repeated measure ANOVA (substance × set) revealed no statistically significant interaction and main effects for all measured variables between conditions. In comparison to the CONT and PLAC, the intake of CAF-3 was not effective at increasing PV (p = 0.533), JH (p = 0.417) and PP (p = 0.871) during 2 sets of the CMJ. Conclusions. This study suggests that 3 mg/kg/b.m. of CAF did not improve CMJ height in recreationally trained women habituated to CAF. Furthermore, the level of athletic performance might be considered a factor in regard to CAF ergogenicity.
{"title":"The effect of caffeine on countermovement jump performance in recreationally trained women habituated to caffeine","authors":"Dawid Gawel, Magdalena Kaszuba, Z. Komarek, R. Krawczyk, Marta Bichowska, M. Jasiński, R. Trybulski","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.14.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.14.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The main goal of this study was to examine the effect of acute intake of 3 mg/kg/body mass (b.m.) of caffeine (CAF) on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance in recreationally trained women habituated to CAF. Material and Methods. 17 healthy recreationally trained women habitually using CAF participated in the study. The experiment followed randomized, cross-over, double-blind design under three different conditions: control test (CONT) or consumed placebo (PLAC) or consumed 3 mg/kg/b.m. of CAF (CAF-3). Each participant performed 2 sets of 2 CMJ. The following variables were recorded: concentric peak velocity (PV), peak power (PP) and jump height (JH). Results. The two-way repeated measure ANOVA (substance × set) revealed no statistically significant interaction and main effects for all measured variables between conditions. In comparison to the CONT and PLAC, the intake of CAF-3 was not effective at increasing PV (p = 0.533), JH (p = 0.417) and PP (p = 0.871) during 2 sets of the CMJ. Conclusions. This study suggests that 3 mg/kg/b.m. of CAF did not improve CMJ height in recreationally trained women habituated to CAF. Furthermore, the level of athletic performance might be considered a factor in regard to CAF ergogenicity.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77307858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alan Langer, A. Ignatieva, P. Fischerova, Magdalena Nitychoruk, A. Gołaś, Adam Maszczak
Introduction. The aim of the study is to determine the optimal load for generating the highest value of force, power and the rate of power and force development (RFD and RPD) in the upper limb of mixed martial arts (MMA) fighters with the use of activation and explosive exercises. The training period of MMA players was included in the research. Material and Methods: Twenty-nine MMA fighters participated in the study and were divided into two groups depending on the length of their training period (under and over 5 years). The subjects did 2 ballistic push-ups before the study and after-wards they performed 5 repetitions of press dumbbells while lying down with an increasing load: 50% 1RM, 65% 1RM and 80% 1RM. The rest was 4 minutes. All ballistic push-ups were performed on ForceDecks, and the data was analysed using the manufacturer’s software. To compare differences between the groups, one-way ANOVA and post-hoc test were used. T-Student test was used to deter-mine the differences within the groups. Results: Amateurs obtained greater force and RPD results after the activation exercise performed at 50% 1RM, while power and RFD at 65% 1RM. For professionals, the highest force was achieved with a load of 80% 1RM, power at 50% 1RM, and RFD and RPD at 80% 1RM. Statistically significant differences between the groups were observed before and after each trial in force and RPD. The power did not statistically differ only after the load of 65% 1RM. In RFD, no statistically significant differences were found between the studied groups. Conclusions: Competitors with longer training experience should use a greater load in an activation exercise than competitors with shorter training experience.
{"title":"Effect of post-activation potentiation on the force, power and rate of power and force development of the upper limbs in mixed martial arts (MMA) fighters, taking into account training experience","authors":"Alan Langer, A. Ignatieva, P. Fischerova, Magdalena Nitychoruk, A. Gołaś, Adam Maszczak","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.14.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.14.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The aim of the study is to determine the optimal load for generating the highest value of force, power and the rate of power and force development (RFD and RPD) in the upper limb of mixed martial arts (MMA) fighters with the use of activation and explosive exercises. The training period of MMA players was included in the research. Material and Methods: Twenty-nine MMA fighters participated in the study and were divided into two groups depending on the length of their training period (under and over 5 years). The subjects did 2 ballistic push-ups before the study and after-wards they performed 5 repetitions of press dumbbells while lying down with an increasing load: 50% 1RM, 65% 1RM and 80% 1RM. The rest was 4 minutes. All ballistic push-ups were performed on ForceDecks, and the data was analysed using the manufacturer’s software. To compare differences between the groups, one-way ANOVA and post-hoc test were used. T-Student test was used to deter-mine the differences within the groups. Results: Amateurs obtained greater force and RPD results after the activation exercise performed at 50% 1RM, while power and RFD at 65% 1RM. For professionals, the highest force was achieved with a load of 80% 1RM, power at 50% 1RM, and RFD and RPD at 80% 1RM. Statistically significant differences between the groups were observed before and after each trial in force and RPD. The power did not statistically differ only after the load of 65% 1RM. In RFD, no statistically significant differences were found between the studied groups. Conclusions: Competitors with longer training experience should use a greater load in an activation exercise than competitors with shorter training experience.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90476194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. The purpose of this paper is to determine the mutual relation between various motor abilities and factors of sailing performance. Material and methods: 25 sailors from the Polish national team in sailing Olympic classes were asked to fill a questionnaire concerning the influence of various motor abilities and sailing performance factors on the result. In total, 5 sailors participated in the study by returning properly filled questionnaires. To determine the relationship between the motor abilities and sailing performance factors, the DEMATEL method has been utilized. Results: In terms of motor abilities, mobility is the most significant factor, and muscle strength is the most dominant factor in terms of cause, and quickness in terms of effect. In terms of sailing performance, mental fitness is the most significant factor, and tactical knowledge is the most dominant factor as an effect of sailing performance and knowledge of racing rules as a cause. Conclusions: In the group of factors of sailing performance, mental fitness and tactical knowledge are the most important. Therefore, there should be more focus on improving the training process of these two factors.
{"title":"Relationship between motor skills and various sailing skills and sports performance – study using the DEMATEL approach","authors":"Jedrzej Charlampowicz","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.14.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.14.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The purpose of this paper is to determine the mutual relation between various motor abilities and factors of sailing performance. Material and methods: 25 sailors from the Polish national team in sailing Olympic classes were asked to fill a questionnaire concerning the influence of various motor abilities and sailing performance factors on the result. In total, 5 sailors participated in the study by returning properly filled questionnaires. To determine the relationship between the motor abilities and sailing performance factors, the DEMATEL method has been utilized. Results: In terms of motor abilities, mobility is the most significant factor, and muscle strength is the most dominant factor in terms of cause, and quickness in terms of effect. In terms of sailing performance, mental fitness is the most significant factor, and tactical knowledge is the most dominant factor as an effect of sailing performance and knowledge of racing rules as a cause. Conclusions: In the group of factors of sailing performance, mental fitness and tactical knowledge are the most important. Therefore, there should be more focus on improving the training process of these two factors.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83369746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mateusz Halz, Magdalena Kaszuba, Jonatan Helbin, Sara Krzysztofik, A. Suchanecka, A. Zając
Introduction. Previous studies have shown that several weeks of beta-alanine (BA) supplementation increases anaerobic work capacity and decreases muscular fatigue, but limited research was conducted on elite martial arts athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic BA supplementation on high-intensity intermittent upper and lower-body performance in highly-trained judo athletes. Material and Methods: Sixteen elite judo athletes (21.8 ± 2.5 years old) were randomly assigned to receive either BA (4 g/d over the first 2 weeks and 6 g/d in the last 2 weeks) or placebo for 4 weeks. Before and after BA supplementation, the athletes completed two double 30-s upper and lower limb Wingate tests, separated by 3 min. Blood samples were collected for lactate and di-carbonate concentration at baseline and post-exercise. Results: BA supplementation improved Lower and Upper Limb Total Work (p < 0.001) and Upper Limb Mean Power (p < 0.001) during Wingate Test. However, there were no significant differences in Lower Limb Mean Power in the BA group and in any obtained results in the placebo group. Additionally, a significant increase in the postworkout lactate and di-carbonate concentration (p < 0.001) was observed. Conclusions: Chronic supplementation of BA effectively enhances high-intensity intermittent upper and lower-body performance in highly-trained judo athletes.
{"title":"Beta-alanine supplementation and anaerobic performance in highly trained judo athletes","authors":"Mateusz Halz, Magdalena Kaszuba, Jonatan Helbin, Sara Krzysztofik, A. Suchanecka, A. Zając","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.14.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.14.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Previous studies have shown that several weeks of beta-alanine (BA) supplementation increases anaerobic work capacity and decreases muscular fatigue, but limited research was conducted on elite martial arts athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic BA supplementation on high-intensity intermittent upper and lower-body performance in highly-trained judo athletes. Material and Methods: Sixteen elite judo athletes (21.8 ± 2.5 years old) were randomly assigned to receive either BA (4 g/d over the first 2 weeks and 6 g/d in the last 2 weeks) or placebo for 4 weeks. Before and after BA supplementation, the athletes completed two double 30-s upper and lower limb Wingate tests, separated by 3 min. Blood samples were collected for lactate and di-carbonate concentration at baseline and post-exercise. Results: BA supplementation improved Lower and Upper Limb Total Work (p < 0.001) and Upper Limb Mean Power (p < 0.001) during Wingate Test. However, there were no significant differences in Lower Limb Mean Power in the BA group and in any obtained results in the placebo group. Additionally, a significant increase in the postworkout lactate and di-carbonate concentration (p < 0.001) was observed. Conclusions: Chronic supplementation of BA effectively enhances high-intensity intermittent upper and lower-body performance in highly-trained judo athletes.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84686780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Konstantinos Spyrou, Tomás T. Freitas, E. Marín-Cascales, Rubén Herrero-Carrasco, P. Alcaraz
Background: This study aimed to compare the worst-case scenarios (WCS) between official (OFF) and non-official (Non-OFF) matches, in different time-periods in an elite futsal team. Material and methods: Twenty-six games were divided into OFF (n = 13) and Non-OFF (n = 13). The WCS were calculated using: two methods, rolling averages (ROLL) and fixed-periods (FIX); four-length epochs (30-s, 1-, 3-, and 5-min); and player load per minute (PL·min-1). Results: Considering ROLL, significant and small differences were found in PL·min-1, with higher intensity in 30-s (p = 0.001; ES = -0.53) and 1-min (p = 0.001; ES = -0.47) in OFF when compared to Non-OFF, but non-significant and small to trivial changes in 3-min (p = 0.060; ES = -0.23) and 5-min (p = 0.605; ES = -0.06) were observed. Regarding FIX, significant and small changes were obtained, with higher intensity in OFF in all time-periods when compared to Non-OFF. Significant differences were found between the two methods (ROLL vs FIX) in 30-s, 1- and 3-min, but not in 5-min. Significant differences, with lower PL·min-1, were observed with increasing time-windows from both methods (p = 0.001). Conclusions: In summary, OFF matches present higher WCS than Non-OFF ones when considering short time-periods, and the FIX method could underestimate the “actual intensity” of the match compared to ROLL.
{"title":"Differences between official and non-official matches in worst-case scenarios in elite futsal players","authors":"Konstantinos Spyrou, Tomás T. Freitas, E. Marín-Cascales, Rubén Herrero-Carrasco, P. Alcaraz","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.13.4.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.4.05","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aimed to compare the worst-case scenarios (WCS) between official (OFF) and non-official (Non-OFF) matches, in different time-periods in an elite futsal team. Material and methods: Twenty-six games were divided into OFF (n = 13) and Non-OFF (n = 13). The WCS were calculated using: two methods, rolling averages (ROLL) and fixed-periods (FIX); four-length epochs (30-s, 1-, 3-, and 5-min); and player load per minute (PL·min-1). Results: Considering ROLL, significant and small differences were found in PL·min-1, with higher intensity in 30-s (p = 0.001; ES = -0.53) and 1-min (p = 0.001; ES = -0.47) in OFF when compared to Non-OFF, but non-significant and small to trivial changes in 3-min (p = 0.060; ES = -0.23) and 5-min (p = 0.605; ES = -0.06) were observed. Regarding FIX, significant and small changes were obtained, with higher intensity in OFF in all time-periods when compared to Non-OFF. Significant differences were found between the two methods (ROLL vs FIX) in 30-s, 1- and 3-min, but not in 5-min. Significant differences, with lower PL·min-1, were observed with increasing time-windows from both methods (p = 0.001). Conclusions: In summary, OFF matches present higher WCS than Non-OFF ones when considering short time-periods, and the FIX method could underestimate the “actual intensity” of the match compared to ROLL.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85098352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.2021.suppl.2.08
T. E. Iwuagwu, J. E. Umeifekwem, Samuel Ndubuisi Igwe, O. K. Oforka, Oluchukwu Precious Udeh
Background: The study investigated the profile of sport competition anxiety trait and psychological coping skills (PCS) among secondary school athletes in Enugu State, South East Nigeria. Material/Methods: A total number of 420 secondary school athletes participated in a cross-sectional study. The profile of sport competition anxiety trait and psychological coping skills of the participants were measured using a 46-item questionnaire consisting of three socio-demographic factors as part I, a 15-item Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT) as part II and a 28-item Athletic Coping Skills Inventory (ACSI) as part III. Mean, standard deviation and linear regressions were used for analyses. Results: The findings revealed that secondary school athletes had an average level of anxiety (mean±SD=20.79±3.776), and greater strength on psychological coping skills (mean±SD=49.92±19.20) while participating in sport competitions. Coachability, Goal setting and mental preparation, and Freedom from worry had significant association (p<.05) with athletes’ Sport Competition Anxiety. Conclusions: This research proves that increase in psychological coping skills leads to increase in athletes’ competition anxiety while participating in sport. However, sport psychologists, Physical Education teachers, games masters/mistresses and coaches in secondary schools need to acquire psychological skills through specialized seminar or expertise training so as to enable athletes to cope with sport anxiety.
{"title":"Profile of sport competition anxiety trait and psychological coping skills among secondary school athletes in Enugu State, South East Nigeria","authors":"T. E. Iwuagwu, J. E. Umeifekwem, Samuel Ndubuisi Igwe, O. K. Oforka, Oluchukwu Precious Udeh","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.2021.suppl.2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.2021.suppl.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The study investigated the profile of sport competition anxiety trait and psychological coping skills (PCS) among secondary school athletes in Enugu State, South East Nigeria. Material/Methods: A total number of 420 secondary school athletes participated in a cross-sectional study. The profile of sport competition anxiety trait and psychological coping skills of the participants were measured using a 46-item questionnaire consisting of three socio-demographic factors as part I, a 15-item Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT) as part II and a 28-item Athletic Coping Skills Inventory (ACSI) as part III. Mean, standard deviation and linear regressions were used for analyses. Results: The findings revealed that secondary school athletes had an average level of anxiety (mean±SD=20.79±3.776), and greater strength on psychological coping skills (mean±SD=49.92±19.20) while participating in sport competitions. Coachability, Goal setting and mental preparation, and Freedom from worry had significant association (p<.05) with athletes’ Sport Competition Anxiety. Conclusions: This research proves that increase in psychological coping skills leads to increase in athletes’ competition anxiety while participating in sport. However, sport psychologists, Physical Education teachers, games masters/mistresses and coaches in secondary schools need to acquire psychological skills through specialized seminar or expertise training so as to enable athletes to cope with sport anxiety.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81676398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of core strength training on the static and dynamic balance and flexibility of the sedentary young indivudals. Material and methods: 41 healthy sedentary students participated in the study (age=21.56±1.05; height=171.90±8.18 cm; body weight=66.63±11.99 kg). Training was applied for 20–30 minutes a day, 2 days a week for 6 weeks. The sit-and-reach test, lateral bending test, hip flexion flexibility test, and the static and dynamic balance scores were used for outcome measures, which were calculated using the Balance System SD (Korebalance Premier-19 Systems Inc. USA). Results: Statistically significant increases were observed in the flexibility tests and dynamic balance parameters between before and after training (p<0.05). In static balance, there was no significant difference between the preliminary and final values. Conclusions: 6-week training was effective in increasing dynamic balance and flexibility, but had no effect on static balance. In the light of this information, we think that training should be a part of life, especially when considering functions that require dynamic balance such as walking in sedentary young individuals. We think that this study is important in terms of preventing injuries of young individuals who do/will do sports recreationally.
背景:本研究的目的是研究核心力量训练对久坐年轻人静态和动态平衡和柔韧性的影响。材料与方法:41名健康久坐学生参与研究(年龄=21.56±1.05;身高= 171.90±8.18厘米;体重=66.63±11.99 kg)。训练时间为每天20-30分钟，每周2天，共6周。使用balance System SD (Korebalance Premier-19 Systems Inc.)计算的结果测量采用坐前伸测试、侧屈测试、髋关节屈曲灵活性测试以及静态和动态平衡评分。美国)。结果:训练前后柔韧性测试、动平衡参数均有统计学差异(p<0.05)。在静态平衡中，初始值与最终值无显著差异。结论:6周的训练可以有效地提高动态平衡和柔韧性，但对静态平衡没有影响。根据这些信息，我们认为训练应该成为生活的一部分，特别是考虑到需要动态平衡的功能，比如久坐不动的年轻人走路。我们认为这项研究对于预防正在进行或将要进行娱乐性运动的年轻人受伤很重要。
{"title":"The effect of core strength training on flexibility and balance in sedentary healthy young individuals","authors":"H. Yakut, Burcu Talu","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.13.4.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.4.09","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this study is to examine the effect of core strength training on the static and dynamic balance and flexibility of the sedentary young indivudals. Material and methods: 41 healthy sedentary students participated in the study (age=21.56±1.05; height=171.90±8.18 cm; body weight=66.63±11.99 kg). Training was applied for 20–30 minutes a day, 2 days a week for 6 weeks. The sit-and-reach test, lateral bending test, hip flexion flexibility test, and the static and dynamic balance scores were used for outcome measures, which were calculated using the Balance System SD (Korebalance Premier-19 Systems Inc. USA). Results: Statistically significant increases were observed in the flexibility tests and dynamic balance parameters between before and after training (p<0.05). In static balance, there was no significant difference between the preliminary and final values. Conclusions: 6-week training was effective in increasing dynamic balance and flexibility, but had no effect on static balance. In the light of this information, we think that training should be a part of life, especially when considering functions that require dynamic balance such as walking in sedentary young individuals. We think that this study is important in terms of preventing injuries of young individuals who do/will do sports recreationally.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73149575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.2021.suppl.2.06
İnci Kesilmiş, Gülten Geçi̇tli̇, Seda Kavak, Süleyman Kostal, Mehmet Melih Kesi̇lmi̇ş
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic that affected the whole world, individuals aged 65 and over were in the group of “leaving home restriction” for a long time. Evaluation of physical activity and depression variables gains importance in the older adults who are physically exposed to inactivity. Methods: The research was conducted on 97 male and 78 female participants aged 65 and over with the “non-probabilistic sampling methods with convenience sampling” method. The Physical Activity Scale for Elderly (PASE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and Katz Activities of Daily Living Scale were used as data collection tools. Results: The difference between physical activity and geriatric depression by gender is statistically insignificant (p>0.05). The difference between youngest-old and oldest-old age group according to the level of physical activity is statistically significant (p<0.05) and this difference is in favor of the youngest-old group. A low-level significant correlation was observed between geriatric depression and the Physical Activity Level (r=-0.150, p=0.047). Conclusions: In the light of the findings obtained from the study, a decrease in depression is observed with an increase in physical activity in the older adults. It is recommended to develop strategies to support physical activity for the older adults in isolation.
{"title":"Physical activity and depression in older adults in times of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"İnci Kesilmiş, Gülten Geçi̇tli̇, Seda Kavak, Süleyman Kostal, Mehmet Melih Kesi̇lmi̇ş","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.2021.suppl.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.2021.suppl.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic that affected the whole world, individuals aged 65 and over were in the group of “leaving home restriction” for a long time. Evaluation of physical activity and depression variables gains importance in the older adults who are physically exposed to inactivity. Methods: The research was conducted on 97 male and 78 female participants aged 65 and over with the “non-probabilistic sampling methods with convenience sampling” method. The Physical Activity Scale for Elderly (PASE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and Katz Activities of Daily Living Scale were used as data collection tools. Results: The difference between physical activity and geriatric depression by gender is statistically insignificant (p>0.05). The difference between youngest-old and oldest-old age group according to the level of physical activity is statistically significant (p<0.05) and this difference is in favor of the youngest-old group. A low-level significant correlation was observed between geriatric depression and the Physical Activity Level (r=-0.150, p=0.047). Conclusions: In the light of the findings obtained from the study, a decrease in depression is observed with an increase in physical activity in the older adults. It is recommended to develop strategies to support physical activity for the older adults in isolation.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73922026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.2021.suppl.2.05
Y. Soylu, Erşan Arslan
Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of mental fatigue (MF) on the psychophysiological and cognitive responses and technical skills in small-sided games (SSGs) in amateur soccer players. Material and Methods: 18 soccer players played 2vs2, 3vs3, and 4vs4 SSGs under 2 different playing conditions: MF+SSGs and SSGs. The Feeling Scale (FS), Felt Arousal Scale (FAS), Visual Analogue Scale-Anxiety (VAS-A) and Motivation (MTV) were determined after each SSGs bout. A Trail-Making Test (TMT) was also determined in the beginning and at the end of each SSGs. Technical performance was continuously recorded with a camera during all SSGs. Results: The results demonstrated that MF induced higher negative psychophysiological and cognitive responses (p≤0.05, d=ranging from 0.73 to 2.78) in 2vs2 and 3vs3 SSGs compared to 4vs4 SSGs except for VAS-A and MTV responses. Furthermore, the MF intervention also induced an adverse effect on technical skills (p≤0.05, d=ranging from 0.65 to 2.50) in 2vs2 and 3vs3 SSGs compared to 4vs4 SSGs except for interception, tackle and two touches skills. Conclusions: These findings showed that MF impacted the psychophysiological and cognitive responses, and technical skills during SSGs. Coaches should take MF into account before planning SSGs.
{"title":"Effects of mental fatigue on psychophysiological, cognitive responses, and technical skills in small-sided games in amateur soccer players","authors":"Y. Soylu, Erşan Arslan","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.2021.suppl.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.2021.suppl.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of mental fatigue (MF) on the psychophysiological and cognitive responses and technical skills in small-sided games (SSGs) in amateur soccer players. Material and Methods: 18 soccer players played 2vs2, 3vs3, and 4vs4 SSGs under 2 different playing conditions: MF+SSGs and SSGs. The Feeling Scale (FS), Felt Arousal Scale (FAS), Visual Analogue Scale-Anxiety (VAS-A) and Motivation (MTV) were determined after each SSGs bout. A Trail-Making Test (TMT) was also determined in the beginning and at the end of each SSGs. Technical performance was continuously recorded with a camera during all SSGs. Results: The results demonstrated that MF induced higher negative psychophysiological and cognitive responses (p≤0.05, d=ranging from 0.73 to 2.78) in 2vs2 and 3vs3 SSGs compared to 4vs4 SSGs except for VAS-A and MTV responses. Furthermore, the MF intervention also induced an adverse effect on technical skills (p≤0.05, d=ranging from 0.65 to 2.50) in 2vs2 and 3vs3 SSGs compared to 4vs4 SSGs except for interception, tackle and two touches skills. Conclusions: These findings showed that MF impacted the psychophysiological and cognitive responses, and technical skills during SSGs. Coaches should take MF into account before planning SSGs.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77632115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.2021.suppl.2.12
Sercan Kural, Faruk Aydın
Background: This study examined football referees’ self-efficacy in relation to multiple variables. In this context, the aim of the research is to examine the self-efficacy of football referees according to various variables. Material and Methods: The sample included 278 football referees (Meanage=26.00 ± 5.72 years) from different classes in Ankara province. Participants, selected by convenience sampling, completed the Referee Self-Efficacy Scale (REFS). After testing the main assumptions of parametric tests, t-tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for data analysis. Results: The t-tests revealed no significant difference in gender and education. As for the ANOVA results, there were significant differences in REFS dimensions “physical competency,” “game knowledge,” and “decision-making” in age; “game knowledge” and “decision-making” in income; and “physical competency” and “decision-making” in refereeing level. Conclusion: Self-efficacy levels of football referees vary according to refereeing categories, income levels, and age.
{"title":"Examining self-efficacy levels of football referees","authors":"Sercan Kural, Faruk Aydın","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.2021.suppl.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.2021.suppl.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study examined football referees’ self-efficacy in relation to multiple variables. In this context, the aim of the research is to examine the self-efficacy of football referees according to various variables. Material and Methods: The sample included 278 football referees (Meanage=26.00 ± 5.72 years) from different classes in Ankara province. Participants, selected by convenience sampling, completed the Referee Self-Efficacy Scale (REFS). After testing the main assumptions of parametric tests, t-tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for data analysis. Results: The t-tests revealed no significant difference in gender and education. As for the ANOVA results, there were significant differences in REFS dimensions “physical competency,” “game knowledge,” and “decision-making” in age; “game knowledge” and “decision-making” in income; and “physical competency” and “decision-making” in refereeing level. Conclusion: Self-efficacy levels of football referees vary according to refereeing categories, income levels, and age.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86037582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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