Introduction: Impairment of the functions of the upper limb and hand is a major problem in stroke patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate various therapies in terms of their influence on changes in the activity of the affected, dominant, and non-dominant upper limb in patients after ischemic stroke. Material/Methods: This is a randomized, double-blinded study. The research was carried out in a rehabilitation clinic on a group of 60 stroke patients who were randomly assigned to groups differing in the rehabilitation program. The study group had physiotherapy based on the NDT Bobath concept and the control group used classic exercises. The importance of the trunk for the upper limb coordination was assessed on the Armeo®Spring device using three evaluation programs: “vertical fishing”; “horizontal fishing”; “reaction time” and two proprietary tests: “wall” and “abacus”. Results: Post-treatment analysis showed significantly better results in the study group (dominant limb). There was an improvement in the grip ability – the abacus test (p = 0.023), an increase in the mobility of the shoulder joint in the sagittal plane – the wall test (p = 0.002), and an increase in the speed of movements in the transverse plane – vertical fishing – time (p = 0.001). The functional improvement of the dominant limb is also evidenced by a significant difference in the reaction time – task performance test [%] (p = 0.048). Conclusions: Physio-therapy, in accordance with the NDT Bobath concept, aimed at improving trunk stability has a significant impact on increasing the mobility, speed of movement, and reaction time in the shoulder joint, and improves the handgrip ability of the affected dominant upper limb.
{"title":"The level of functionality of the affected upper limb in stroke patients depends on the type of therapy used and the lateralization of the subjects’ body – A randomized observational study","authors":"Anna Olczak, Marcin Dornowski","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.05","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Impairment of the functions of the upper limb and hand is a major problem in stroke patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate various therapies in terms of their influence on changes in the activity of the affected, dominant, and non-dominant upper limb in patients after ischemic stroke. Material/Methods: This is a randomized, double-blinded study. The research was carried out in a rehabilitation clinic on a group of 60 stroke patients who were randomly assigned to groups differing in the rehabilitation program. The study group had physiotherapy based on the NDT Bobath concept and the control group used classic exercises. The importance of the trunk for the upper limb coordination was assessed on the Armeo®Spring device using three evaluation programs: “vertical fishing”; “horizontal fishing”; “reaction time” and two proprietary tests: “wall” and “abacus”. Results: Post-treatment analysis showed significantly better results in the study group (dominant limb). There was an improvement in the grip ability – the abacus test (p = 0.023), an increase in the mobility of the shoulder joint in the sagittal plane – the wall test (p = 0.002), and an increase in the speed of movements in the transverse plane – vertical fishing – time (p = 0.001). The functional improvement of the dominant limb is also evidenced by a significant difference in the reaction time – task performance test [%] (p = 0.048). Conclusions: Physio-therapy, in accordance with the NDT Bobath concept, aimed at improving trunk stability has a significant impact on increasing the mobility, speed of movement, and reaction time in the shoulder joint, and improves the handgrip ability of the affected dominant upper limb.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136276455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: To perform a technical action, the elite judo athlete examines the direction of attack relative to the opponent's body position. This study aimed to analyze and compare the most frequent and effective attack directions carried out by male Olympic medalists. Materials and Methods: A sample of 112 male medalists performed 3,664 attacks in four Olympic tournaments (2004–2016). ANOVA (one factor) determined inter and intra-Olympic comparisons, followed by the post hoc Bonferroni test (p< 0.05). Eta squared η2 and Cohen's d calculated the effect size, respectively. Results: Olympic medalists oriented their attacks principally in right forward (30.5±11.3%), left forward (29.9±10.5%), left backward (18.8±8.1%), and right backward (15.8±6.1%). The effectiveness of right forward (25.7±13.1%) and left forward (26.2±12.5%) dominates left backward (20.5±10.1%) and right backward (15.5±9.7%), respectively. In terms of frequencies and effectiveness, the contribution of secondary directions is negligible. Conclusions: Attacking in eight orientations made the defense vulnerable. Beside the uncertainty and unpredictability, they created more points of imbalance to overcome defensive issues.
{"title":"Directions of attack and their effectiveness of male judo medalists at the Olympic competitions","authors":"Amar Ait Ali Yahia","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.01","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: To perform a technical action, the elite judo athlete examines the direction of attack relative to the opponent's body position. This study aimed to analyze and compare the most frequent and effective attack directions carried out by male Olympic medalists. Materials and Methods: A sample of 112 male medalists performed 3,664 attacks in four Olympic tournaments (2004–2016). ANOVA (one factor) determined inter and intra-Olympic comparisons, followed by the post hoc Bonferroni test (p< 0.05). Eta squared η2 and Cohen's d calculated the effect size, respectively. Results: Olympic medalists oriented their attacks principally in right forward (30.5±11.3%), left forward (29.9±10.5%), left backward (18.8±8.1%), and right backward (15.8±6.1%). The effectiveness of right forward (25.7±13.1%) and left forward (26.2±12.5%) dominates left backward (20.5±10.1%) and right backward (15.5±9.7%), respectively. In terms of frequencies and effectiveness, the contribution of secondary directions is negligible. Conclusions: Attacking in eight orientations made the defense vulnerable. Beside the uncertainty and unpredictability, they created more points of imbalance to overcome defensive issues.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135040974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomasz Chamera, Magdalena Pronczuk, Piotr Smok, Milosz Drozd, Malgorzata Michalczyk, Adam Maszczyk
Introduction: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of a 6-week intervention of combined soccer training with resistance training on strength and power variables in highly trained female soccer players. It was hypothesized that 6 weeks is sufficient for a significant improvement in jumping ability and power to occur due to the intervention. The study involved 34 female soccer players of the top women’s league (22 ± 5 years old, body height 167 ± 5 cm, body weight 60 ± 8 kg). The players were divided into two groups of 17 participants. The control group performed 3 soccer and 1 strength training sessions (50–60% 1RM load) weekly. The experimental group performed 3 soccer and 2 resistance training sessions during a weekly micro-cycle (50–85% 1RM load). The results of the experiment indicate a significant improvement in vertical jump height and sitting leg press performance in the experimental group: CMJ (p < 0.05; p = 0.000029; ES:1.00;11%), CMJA (p < 0.05; p = 0.003; ES = 1.09;13%) and LP (p < 0.05; p = 0.027681; ES = 0.48;6%), while in the control group changes in results after completing the training program were statistically insignificant for CMJ (p > 0.05, p = 0.274000, ES:0.07,1%), CMJA (p > 0.05, p = 0.350958, ES = 0.27;3%) and LP (p > 0, 05; p = 0.130153; ES = 0.27;4%). The presented results suggest that a short, six-week resistance training program, specific soccer training and strength training carried out twice a week during the preparatory period may significantly improve the strength and jumping variables of the lower limbs in female soccer players.
{"title":"The effects of resistance training on jumping and selected power variables of the lower limbs in female soccer players","authors":"Tomasz Chamera, Magdalena Pronczuk, Piotr Smok, Milosz Drozd, Malgorzata Michalczyk, Adam Maszczyk","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.07","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of a 6-week intervention of combined soccer training with resistance training on strength and power variables in highly trained female soccer players. It was hypothesized that 6 weeks is sufficient for a significant improvement in jumping ability and power to occur due to the intervention. The study involved 34 female soccer players of the top women’s league (22 ± 5 years old, body height 167 ± 5 cm, body weight 60 ± 8 kg). The players were divided into two groups of 17 participants. The control group performed 3 soccer and 1 strength training sessions (50–60% 1RM load) weekly. The experimental group performed 3 soccer and 2 resistance training sessions during a weekly micro-cycle (50–85% 1RM load). The results of the experiment indicate a significant improvement in vertical jump height and sitting leg press performance in the experimental group: CMJ (p < 0.05; p = 0.000029; ES:1.00;11%), CMJA (p < 0.05; p = 0.003; ES = 1.09;13%) and LP (p < 0.05; p = 0.027681; ES = 0.48;6%), while in the control group changes in results after completing the training program were statistically insignificant for CMJ (p > 0.05, p = 0.274000, ES:0.07,1%), CMJA (p > 0.05, p = 0.350958, ES = 0.27;3%) and LP (p > 0, 05; p = 0.130153; ES = 0.27;4%). The presented results suggest that a short, six-week resistance training program, specific soccer training and strength training carried out twice a week during the preparatory period may significantly improve the strength and jumping variables of the lower limbs in female soccer players.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"224 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136277984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Psychological states during competition seem to be an important factor to determine successful performance. Therefore, the analysis of emotions is essential to understand how emotions can support sports performance. This systematic review aimed to summarize the studies examining the influence of emotional states on dancesport (DS) performance and the use of mental techniques to improve psychological preparation to face the competition. Material and methods. Web of Science, Scholar, Scopus and Pubmed databases were used to search studies. The screening process was summarized within the PRISMA 2020 flowchart. Results. Only 9 articles met our inclusion criteria. The results demonstrated that anxiety was the most common pre-competition emotional state of high-level DS athletes, followed by stress, arousal, concentration and self-confidence. The mental techniques of psychological preparation were mental contrasting, self-talk, bio/neurofeedback, the nine-step connection model and Cantón's Giraffe model. Emotional states can affect DS performance both positively and negatively; therefore, it is important to monitor these factors in order to improve one’s performance. Several mental techniques can be used to improve the athlete psychological states. Conclusion. Further research is needed to better understand the effects of these parameters on DS performance, especially in mid-low-level athletes.
比赛中的心理状态似乎是决定成功表现的重要因素。因此，情绪分析对于理解情绪如何支持运动表现至关重要。本系统综述旨在总结情绪状态对体育舞蹈(DS)表现影响的研究，以及运用心理技巧来提高面对比赛的心理准备。材料和方法。使用Web of Science、Scholar、Scopus和Pubmed数据库检索研究。筛选过程在PRISMA 2020流程图中进行了总结。结果。只有9篇文章符合我们的纳入标准。结果表明:高水平体育运动员赛前最常见的情绪状态是焦虑，其次是紧张、兴奋、注意力集中和自信。心理准备的心理技巧有心理对比、自我对话、生物/神经反馈、九步连接模型和Cantón的长颈鹿模型。情绪状态对DS表现有积极和消极的影响;因此，为了提高一个人的表现，监测这些因素是很重要的。一些心理技巧可以用来改善运动员的心理状态。结论。需要进一步的研究来更好地了解这些参数对DS表现的影响，特别是在中低水平运动员中。
{"title":"The role of emotional states and mental techniques in dancesport: A systematic review","authors":"Sara Aliberti, Gaetano Raiola, Domenico Cherubini","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.08","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Psychological states during competition seem to be an important factor to determine successful performance. Therefore, the analysis of emotions is essential to understand how emotions can support sports performance. This systematic review aimed to summarize the studies examining the influence of emotional states on dancesport (DS) performance and the use of mental techniques to improve psychological preparation to face the competition. Material and methods. Web of Science, Scholar, Scopus and Pubmed databases were used to search studies. The screening process was summarized within the PRISMA 2020 flowchart. Results. Only 9 articles met our inclusion criteria. The results demonstrated that anxiety was the most common pre-competition emotional state of high-level DS athletes, followed by stress, arousal, concentration and self-confidence. The mental techniques of psychological preparation were mental contrasting, self-talk, bio/neurofeedback, the nine-step connection model and Cantón's Giraffe model. Emotional states can affect DS performance both positively and negatively; therefore, it is important to monitor these factors in order to improve one’s performance. Several mental techniques can be used to improve the athlete psychological states. Conclusion. Further research is needed to better understand the effects of these parameters on DS performance, especially in mid-low-level athletes.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136277465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paulina Krolikowska, Artur Golas, Petr Stastny, Jakub Kokstejn, Wojciech Grzyb, Michal Krszysztofik
Introduction: The hip muscle strength plays an important role in sprinting and non-contact in-juries, where their role in soccer players needs to be recognized. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the strength of hip abductor (Abd), hip adductor (Add) and linear sprint performance (5 m and 35 m). Sixteen professional soccer players (Second Polish League) participated in the study (age = 24 ± 3.2 years, body mass = 75.3 ± 9.58 kg, height = 179 ± 5.6 cm, soccer training experience = 8 ± 2.9 years). 5 m and 3 m linear sprint performance was described by: peak acceleration, peak velocity (PV), relative peak force (PF), and relative peak power output. Hip Abd and Add strength was tested by maximum isometric tests on both lower limbs. T-tests revealed statistically significant differences between strength of right and left Add and Abd, (p < 0.001, for both). Stepwise regression showed that the model of hip Abd, Add and their ratio predict the PV (R2 = 37%) and PP (R2 = 36%) in 35 m sprint, and hip Abd with Abd/Add ratio can predict PF (R2 = 16%) and acceleration (R2 = 14%) in 5 m sprint. Results of the present study indicate that Abd-Add maximum isometric strength and 5 m, as well as 35 m sprint running, are related athletic performance qualities. Moreover, hip Abd and Add are typical for strength bilateral strength imbalances. Therefore, the evaluation and development of these qualities are essential for coaches to monitor and prescribe adequate training regimens.
{"title":"Abductor and adductor strength relation to sprint performance in soccer players","authors":"Paulina Krolikowska, Artur Golas, Petr Stastny, Jakub Kokstejn, Wojciech Grzyb, Michal Krszysztofik","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.06","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The hip muscle strength plays an important role in sprinting and non-contact in-juries, where their role in soccer players needs to be recognized. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the strength of hip abductor (Abd), hip adductor (Add) and linear sprint performance (5 m and 35 m). Sixteen professional soccer players (Second Polish League) participated in the study (age = 24 ± 3.2 years, body mass = 75.3 ± 9.58 kg, height = 179 ± 5.6 cm, soccer training experience = 8 ± 2.9 years). 5 m and 3 m linear sprint performance was described by: peak acceleration, peak velocity (PV), relative peak force (PF), and relative peak power output. Hip Abd and Add strength was tested by maximum isometric tests on both lower limbs. T-tests revealed statistically significant differences between strength of right and left Add and Abd, (p < 0.001, for both). Stepwise regression showed that the model of hip Abd, Add and their ratio predict the PV (R2 = 37%) and PP (R2 = 36%) in 35 m sprint, and hip Abd with Abd/Add ratio can predict PF (R2 = 16%) and acceleration (R2 = 14%) in 5 m sprint. Results of the present study indicate that Abd-Add maximum isometric strength and 5 m, as well as 35 m sprint running, are related athletic performance qualities. Moreover, hip Abd and Add are typical for strength bilateral strength imbalances. Therefore, the evaluation and development of these qualities are essential for coaches to monitor and prescribe adequate training regimens.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136277312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sevil Karahan Yilmaz, Gunay Eskici, Osman Emir Sarac
Introduction: This study aims to establish the validity-reliability of the Turkish version of adult e-Healthy Diet Literacy Scale and to determine its relationship with the Health Literacy Instrument Scale (short-form), the Digital Healthy Diet Literacy Scale, and participants’ characteristics. Ma-terial and Methods: Drawing on a methodological and descriptive design, this research was per-formed in two steps. It was conducted with 240 participants in the first step and 879 participants in the second step. The participants filled out the eHealthy Diet Literacy Scale, Health Literacy In-strument Scale (short-form), and Digital Healthy Diet Literacy Scale. The questionnaire form was sent to the participants online. Results: Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the 11-item e-Healthy Diet Literacy scale was found to be 0.555. There was a significant relationship between the Health Literacy Instrument Scale (short-Form) and age groups, educational level, occupations, marital status, BMI, weekly physical activity and chronic disease status. Conclusions: This study evaluated the Turkish validity and reliability of the e-HDL, which was originally designed in Taiwan as a valid and reliable tool to evaluate the individuals’ ability to access, understand, appraise, and apply healthy diet information.
{"title":"Validity-reliability of the e-Healthy Diet Literacy Scale in Turkish adults","authors":"Sevil Karahan Yilmaz, Gunay Eskici, Osman Emir Sarac","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.09","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study aims to establish the validity-reliability of the Turkish version of adult e-Healthy Diet Literacy Scale and to determine its relationship with the Health Literacy Instrument Scale (short-form), the Digital Healthy Diet Literacy Scale, and participants’ characteristics. Ma-terial and Methods: Drawing on a methodological and descriptive design, this research was per-formed in two steps. It was conducted with 240 participants in the first step and 879 participants in the second step. The participants filled out the eHealthy Diet Literacy Scale, Health Literacy In-strument Scale (short-form), and Digital Healthy Diet Literacy Scale. The questionnaire form was sent to the participants online. Results: Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the 11-item e-Healthy Diet Literacy scale was found to be 0.555. There was a significant relationship between the Health Literacy Instrument Scale (short-Form) and age groups, educational level, occupations, marital status, BMI, weekly physical activity and chronic disease status. Conclusions: This study evaluated the Turkish validity and reliability of the e-HDL, which was originally designed in Taiwan as a valid and reliable tool to evaluate the individuals’ ability to access, understand, appraise, and apply healthy diet information.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136278201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Sports injuries are the most common cause of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures. Previous research has demonstrated links between some of the COL27A1 and COL11A1 genetic variants and musculoskeletal soft tissue injuries. However, no previous research has investigated the COL27A1 rs1570460 and the COL11A1 rs3753841 in the context of ACL rupture in any population. Thus, our study aimed to assess the association between specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), i.e., COL27A1 rs946053 and COL11A1 rs3753841, and the occurrence of ACL injury (ACL-I) in a cohort of Polish athletes. Methods: The study enrolled 233 athletes with ACL-I (161 males and 71 females) and 228 healthy control athletes (143 males and 85 females) with no prior ACL-I history. Genotyping was conducted to assess the presence of COL27A1 rs946053 and COL11A1 rs3753841 genetic variants. Statistical analyses were performed using the R programming environment and package, and an association between SNPs and ACL-I was tested in four genetic models: dominant, co-dominant recessive, and over-dominant. Results: All the analyzed polymorphisms conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The study revealed no significant differences between the ACL-I and control groups. Conclusions: Despite the absence of significant associations between the investigated SNPs and ACL-I in this study, our findings highlight the importance of continued research to unravel the precise genetic risk mechanisms and etiological factors contributing to ACL-I.
{"title":"The COL27A1 and COL11A1 gene variants are not associated with the susceptibility to anterior cruciate ligament rupture in Polish athletes","authors":"Zhuo Sun, Aleksandra Bojarczuk, P. Cięszczyk","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sports injuries are the most common cause of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures. Previous research has demonstrated links between some of the COL27A1 and COL11A1 genetic variants and musculoskeletal soft tissue injuries. However, no previous research has investigated the COL27A1 rs1570460 and the COL11A1 rs3753841 in the context of ACL rupture in any population. Thus, our study aimed to assess the association between specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), i.e., COL27A1 rs946053 and COL11A1 rs3753841, and the occurrence of ACL injury (ACL-I) in a cohort of Polish athletes. Methods: The study enrolled 233 athletes with ACL-I (161 males and 71 females) and 228 healthy control athletes (143 males and 85 females) with no prior ACL-I history. Genotyping was conducted to assess the presence of COL27A1 rs946053 and COL11A1 rs3753841 genetic variants. Statistical analyses were performed using the R programming environment and package, and an association between SNPs and ACL-I was tested in four genetic models: dominant, co-dominant recessive, and over-dominant. Results: All the analyzed polymorphisms conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The study revealed no significant differences between the ACL-I and control groups. Conclusions: Despite the absence of significant associations between the investigated SNPs and ACL-I in this study, our findings highlight the importance of continued research to unravel the precise genetic risk mechanisms and etiological factors contributing to ACL-I.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84079664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The purpose of the study was to investigate the age-related anthropometric and motor performance changes over time and their contributions to swimming style-specific performance in young different chronological age swimmers. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on a total of forty swimmers who were divided into 2 groups. The Anthropometric meas-urements were executed from 12 body parts, and body composition analysis was determined by using the skinfold method. The motor performance tests were performed for the assessment of standing horizontal jump, handgrip strength, flexed-arm hang strength, sit-up, flexibility, aerobic endurance, speed, agility, and balance. Simple Linear Regression analysis was performed to build the models for each of the swimming styles. Results: All the models indicated that aerobic endur-ance was a significantly predictive variable on all swimming styles (p < 0.001). The results indicated that the anthropometric and motor performance predictors changed depending upon the age pro-gression in each swimming style (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The effect of many variables on swimming performance is seen to be more evident in the following periods based on the increase of age. Aerobic endurance is a common variable that shows effectiveness on swimming performance for both all age groups and swimming styles.
{"title":"Age-related physical and performance changes in young swimmers: The comparison of predictive models in 50-meter swimming performance","authors":"E. Demirkan, Tugrul Ozkadi, Ismet Alagoz, Esin Çağla Çağlar, Furkan Camici","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The purpose of the study was to investigate the age-related anthropometric and motor performance changes over time and their contributions to swimming style-specific performance in young different chronological age swimmers. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on a total of forty swimmers who were divided into 2 groups. The Anthropometric meas-urements were executed from 12 body parts, and body composition analysis was determined by using the skinfold method. The motor performance tests were performed for the assessment of standing horizontal jump, handgrip strength, flexed-arm hang strength, sit-up, flexibility, aerobic endurance, speed, agility, and balance. Simple Linear Regression analysis was performed to build the models for each of the swimming styles. Results: All the models indicated that aerobic endur-ance was a significantly predictive variable on all swimming styles (p < 0.001). The results indicated that the anthropometric and motor performance predictors changed depending upon the age pro-gression in each swimming style (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The effect of many variables on swimming performance is seen to be more evident in the following periods based on the increase of age. Aerobic endurance is a common variable that shows effectiveness on swimming performance for both all age groups and swimming styles.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"156 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78520839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayda Karaca, Sinem HAZIR AYTAR, F. Akcan, Necip Demirci, E. Caglar
Introduction: This study aimed to determine the variables that predict whether WHO's global recommendation for physical activity (PA) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic can be met among adults. Material and Methods: A total of 921 adults voluntarily participated in this study. A demographic information form and the Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire for Turkish people were administered by self-report. The participants were also asked whether they regularly do PA and if the duration of PA is over 150 minutes. Results: The number of adults doing regular PA at the level recommended by WHO significantly decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the rate of not doing regular PA significantly increased compared to the period before the COVID-19 pandemic (p<0.05). Variables that reduce the likelihood of doing regular PA at the recommended level include being male, being under 45 years old, being married, having high school education or below, having a moderate and low-income, having a high BMI, and having a high recreational sedentary screen time (RSST) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: The results of this study provide a priori information for implementations aimed at improving the recommended PA level for adults during social isolation or lockdown.
{"title":"Predictors of meeting physical activity recommendation before and during COVID-19 pandemic in adults","authors":"Ayda Karaca, Sinem HAZIR AYTAR, F. Akcan, Necip Demirci, E. Caglar","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study aimed to determine the variables that predict whether WHO's global recommendation for physical activity (PA) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic can be met among adults. Material and Methods: A total of 921 adults voluntarily participated in this study. A demographic information form and the Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire for Turkish people were administered by self-report. The participants were also asked whether they regularly do PA and if the duration of PA is over 150 minutes. Results: The number of adults doing regular PA at the level recommended by WHO significantly decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the rate of not doing regular PA significantly increased compared to the period before the COVID-19 pandemic (p<0.05). Variables that reduce the likelihood of doing regular PA at the recommended level include being male, being under 45 years old, being married, having high school education or below, having a moderate and low-income, having a high BMI, and having a high recreational sedentary screen time (RSST) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: The results of this study provide a priori information for implementations aimed at improving the recommended PA level for adults during social isolation or lockdown.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81098848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hryniewicz, A. Gmiat, Magdalena Jaroch-Lidzbarska, M. Lipowski
Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic managers experienced additional stress connected with taking responsibility for workers at the time of a worldwide crisis. Maintaining a high level of physical activity in this specific group possibly could have contributed to keeping both management skills and health condition at a high required standard. The purpose of this review is to verify the range of scientific interest on the subject of physical activity among managers as a stress coping strategy during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: For this systematic review six studies were chosen (two of them are qualitative descriptive, three are cross-sectional, one is a report). The inclusion criteria were as follows: studies focusing on stress, physical activity and managers; studies conducted in the years of COVID-19 epidemic available in full-text. The exclusion criteria applied to studies where the managers’ group was not specified. The number of study participants ranged from 20 to 255. Results: The frequency of exercise was insufficient and unsuitable to the managers’ specific needs, especially during the demanding time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: The managers were highly aware of the role of sport in lowering stress and improving health, especially during the pandemic. However, this has not resulted in more frequent physical activity among this group. There is a high probability that further confronting the leaders with their real physical activity daily habits would have influenced their reflection about the subject and initiated change.
{"title":"Physical activity in managing stress among managers during a COVID-19 pandemic – systematic review","authors":"A. Hryniewicz, A. Gmiat, Magdalena Jaroch-Lidzbarska, M. Lipowski","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.15.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic managers experienced additional stress connected with taking responsibility for workers at the time of a worldwide crisis. Maintaining a high level of physical activity in this specific group possibly could have contributed to keeping both management skills and health condition at a high required standard. The purpose of this review is to verify the range of scientific interest on the subject of physical activity among managers as a stress coping strategy during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: For this systematic review six studies were chosen (two of them are qualitative descriptive, three are cross-sectional, one is a report). The inclusion criteria were as follows: studies focusing on stress, physical activity and managers; studies conducted in the years of COVID-19 epidemic available in full-text. The exclusion criteria applied to studies where the managers’ group was not specified. The number of study participants ranged from 20 to 255. Results: The frequency of exercise was insufficient and unsuitable to the managers’ specific needs, especially during the demanding time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: The managers were highly aware of the role of sport in lowering stress and improving health, especially during the pandemic. However, this has not resulted in more frequent physical activity among this group. There is a high probability that further confronting the leaders with their real physical activity daily habits would have influenced their reflection about the subject and initiated change.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72844045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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