Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.13
A. Pawłucki
As the title makes it clear, this article concerns the anthropological issue involving the figures of an Olympic athlete and a Himalayan climber. On a broader, philosophical level, I consider and explain the differences between Olympism and Himalaism, as well as the predecessor of Himalaism, Alpinism. The study aims to explain the reason for the origin of Olympism as a social movement independent of Himalaism. To understand why Olympism and Himalaism should be considered separately, one must go back to the dawn of the two modern events: “visiting the mountains” and “populating the stadiums”. The philosophical method was used in the consideration .The two events never became a unity of being in the anthroposphere, nor a unity of meaning in the axiosphere. The distinctness of each is explained by the metaphysical anthropic principle. Olympism is governed by the strong anthropic principle of the “zone of life”, while Himalaism is governed by the weak anthropic principle of the “zone of death”. The anthropic principle of the Himalayas states that the mountains have those exact properties that enable a person to get to know themselves as an antagonist – a warrior and ultimately a conqueror. For people the initial and boundary conditions of the Himalayas, which are marked by the “zone of death”, are the verge of the anthroposphere in their expansive transgression. Olympism with its anthropically strong 'zone of life' is something different. Only “at” the foot of the mountain can one set up a stadium, engage in an agonistic relationship and get to know oneself as the winner of a good competition or even, if historically necessary, the redeemer of the moral evil in the antagonism of war. In this sense, Olympism becomes a philosophy of moral consolation. The result of the study shows that the Himalayan climber does not participate in the universe of the humanistic culture of the Olympics. Sport climbing to be introduced into the Games of the XXXII Olympics, in 2021 will remind us of this self-referencial existence at the edges of the anthroposphere, as well as the predecessor, of Himalaism, Alpinism.
{"title":"Olympism and himalaism","authors":"A. Pawłucki","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.13","url":null,"abstract":"As the title makes it clear, this article concerns the anthropological issue involving the figures of an Olympic athlete and a Himalayan climber. On a broader, philosophical level, I consider and explain the differences between Olympism and Himalaism, as well as the predecessor of Himalaism, Alpinism. The study aims to explain the reason for the origin of Olympism as a social movement independent of Himalaism. To understand why Olympism and Himalaism should be considered separately, one must go back to the dawn of the two modern events: “visiting the mountains” and “populating the stadiums”. The philosophical method was used in the consideration .The two events never became a unity of being in the anthroposphere, nor a unity of meaning in the axiosphere. The distinctness of each is explained by the metaphysical anthropic principle. Olympism is governed by the strong anthropic principle of the “zone of life”, while Himalaism is governed by the weak anthropic principle of the “zone of death”. The anthropic principle of the Himalayas states that the mountains have those exact properties that enable a person to get to know themselves as an antagonist – a warrior and ultimately a conqueror. For people the initial and boundary conditions of the Himalayas, which are marked by the “zone of death”, are the verge of the anthroposphere in their expansive transgression. Olympism with its anthropically strong 'zone of life' is something different. Only “at” the foot of the mountain can one set up a stadium, engage in an agonistic relationship and get to know oneself as the winner of a good competition or even, if historically necessary, the redeemer of the moral evil in the antagonism of war. In this sense, Olympism becomes a philosophy of moral consolation. The result of the study shows that the Himalayan climber does not participate in the universe of the humanistic culture of the Olympics. Sport climbing to be introduced into the Games of the XXXII Olympics, in 2021 will remind us of this self-referencial existence at the edges of the anthroposphere, as well as the predecessor, of Himalaism, Alpinism.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84746266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.05
G. Cosma, A. Chiracu, Am Stepan, Roxana Gatzel, Augustin Iancu, A. Cosma
The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among satisfaction of basic psychological needs, goal orientations and sportsmanship. The mediating role of goal orientation in this relationship was tested. The participants were 168 students enrolled at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports in Craiova, aged between 18 and 30 years old, M = 21.52, SD = 2.20, and the data were collected between March and May 2020. The instruments applied were Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale to measure satisfaction of basic psychological needs, Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientation Scale to measure sportsmanship, and Ego and Task Orientation Questionnaire to measure goal orientation. The obtained results showed that the satisfaction of basic psychological needs is associated with sportsmanship. Mediation analyses have shown that task orientation mediates the relationship between the need for autonomy and the need for competence satisfaction and four of the dimensions of sportsmanship and the relationship between the need for relatedness satisfaction and three of sportsmanship dimensions: respect for social conventions, respect for rules and officials, and respect for full commitment.
{"title":"Sportsmanship and basic psychological needs in sports students","authors":"G. Cosma, A. Chiracu, Am Stepan, Roxana Gatzel, Augustin Iancu, A. Cosma","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.05","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among satisfaction of basic psychological needs, goal orientations and sportsmanship. The mediating role of goal orientation in this relationship was tested. The participants were 168 students enrolled at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports in Craiova, aged between 18 and 30 years old, M = 21.52, SD = 2.20, and the data were collected between March and May 2020. The instruments applied were Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale to measure satisfaction of basic psychological needs, Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientation Scale to measure sportsmanship, and Ego and Task Orientation Questionnaire to measure goal orientation. The obtained results showed that the satisfaction of basic psychological needs is associated with sportsmanship. Mediation analyses have shown that task orientation mediates the relationship between the need for autonomy and the need for competence satisfaction and four of the dimensions of sportsmanship and the relationship between the need for relatedness satisfaction and three of sportsmanship dimensions: respect for social conventions, respect for rules and officials, and respect for full commitment.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91048248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.04
M. Pasek
Background: Systematic contact with the natural environment seems to increase the level of human sensitivity to ecological problems. The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of physical activity outdoors in nature as part of school physical education on the level of environmental attitudes. Method: 220 students participated in an experimental study. The experimental group, which did exercise usually in open spaces, included 103 students. The control group, which exercised inside school, consisted of 117 students. The study period lasted two years and involved the fifth and sixth form of primary school. The authors used the part relating to attitudes in the Children's Environmental Attitude and Knowledge Scale CHEAKS in the study. Results: The appearance of eight statistically significant differences in the field of environmental attitudes in the final study in favor of the group having outdoor physical education lessons proves the cognitively and visually stimulating role of the natural environment of physically active people. The location of physical education lessons turned out to be a much stronger condition for positive environmental attitudes than gender, place of residence, parents' education level, and subjective assessment of the financial satisfaction level. Conclusion: These results are an incentive to further develop the young generation’s contact with nature through outdoor physical education lessons.
{"title":"Outdoor vs indoor physical education lessons as an opportunity to shape environmental attitudes","authors":"M. Pasek","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.04","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Systematic contact with the natural environment seems to increase the level of human sensitivity to ecological problems. The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of physical activity outdoors in nature as part of school physical education on the level of environmental attitudes. Method: 220 students participated in an experimental study. The experimental group, which did exercise usually in open spaces, included 103 students. The control group, which exercised inside school, consisted of 117 students. The study period lasted two years and involved the fifth and sixth form of primary school. The authors used the part relating to attitudes in the Children's Environmental Attitude and Knowledge Scale CHEAKS in the study. Results: The appearance of eight statistically significant differences in the field of environmental attitudes in the final study in favor of the group having outdoor physical education lessons proves the cognitively and visually stimulating role of the natural environment of physically active people. The location of physical education lessons turned out to be a much stronger condition for positive environmental attitudes than gender, place of residence, parents' education level, and subjective assessment of the financial satisfaction level. Conclusion: These results are an incentive to further develop the young generation’s contact with nature through outdoor physical education lessons.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82491082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.14
Rafał Szmytke
Background: The term “nation branding” was first coined by Simon Anholt in the 1990s and refers to applying marketing strategies to individual countries. It aims to create a distinct self-image and international reputation that most effectively serves a nation’s interests. Today, in many countries it makes a part of the carefully designed national policy, with clear objectives and an evaluation system. Various types of rankings are used to position the nation brand on a global scale. They also show which elements influence the perception of a country the most. Tourism, which belongs to a six-element approach by Simon Anholt, is one of them. Material and methods: Selected official strategic documents at the national level served as the major source of information for the qualitative analysis. The paper covers the documents published between 2013 and 2020. The study of organizational structures and competences has been based on acts and relevant websites of respective bodies. Results: The article presents an approach to the brand and image building process at the national level in Poland in the framework of strategic documents. According to the documents, a range of activities, tactics and dedicated projects in the areas of culture, economy and tourism should strengthen the country’s position. Tourism, comparing to other areas, has a well-structured system of promotion and serves as Poland’s brand-building tool. Conclusions: The analysis of the key national strategic documents confirms the importance and economic benefits of a country’s international reputation. It presents a scope of targeted activities in three major areas: economy, culture and tourism. However, the level of details and the scale of projects significantly vary between documents. It may imply that operational decisions, including a choice of tactics, tools and evaluation system, are passed to the lower level. Tourism promotion is well-structured within a three-level system. Although it needs some amendments, which are voiced by some stakeholders, it still serves its purpose. The key, and we dare say, the only players are the Polish Tourism Organization and Regional and Local Tourist Organizations. A more structured approach to nation branding should become a priority. The documents express a need for integrated management of the entire process. But the number of entities engaged in promotion, both overall and in tourism, remains high and the communication channels complex. The branding process as part of the national policy requires reorganisation at all levels starting from the top.
{"title":"Tourism promotion system in Poland in the context of selected National Strategic Documents","authors":"Rafał Szmytke","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The term “nation branding” was first coined by Simon Anholt in the 1990s and refers to applying marketing strategies to individual countries. It aims to create a distinct self-image and international reputation that most effectively serves a nation’s interests. Today, in many countries it makes a part of the carefully designed national policy, with clear objectives and an evaluation system. Various types of rankings are used to position the nation brand on a global scale. They also show which elements influence the perception of a country the most. Tourism, which belongs to a six-element approach by Simon Anholt, is one of them. Material and methods: Selected official strategic documents at the national level served as the major source of information for the qualitative analysis. The paper covers the documents published between 2013 and 2020. The study of organizational structures and competences has been based on acts and relevant websites of respective bodies. Results: The article presents an approach to the brand and image building process at the national level in Poland in the framework of strategic documents. According to the documents, a range of activities, tactics and dedicated projects in the areas of culture, economy and tourism should strengthen the country’s position. Tourism, comparing to other areas, has a well-structured system of promotion and serves as Poland’s brand-building tool. Conclusions: The analysis of the key national strategic documents confirms the importance and economic benefits of a country’s international reputation. It presents a scope of targeted activities in three major areas: economy, culture and tourism. However, the level of details and the scale of projects significantly vary between documents. It may imply that operational decisions, including a choice of tactics, tools and evaluation system, are passed to the lower level. Tourism promotion is well-structured within a three-level system. Although it needs some amendments, which are voiced by some stakeholders, it still serves its purpose. The key, and we dare say, the only players are the Polish Tourism Organization and Regional and Local Tourist Organizations. A more structured approach to nation branding should become a priority. The documents express a need for integrated management of the entire process. But the number of entities engaged in promotion, both overall and in tourism, remains high and the communication channels complex. The branding process as part of the national policy requires reorganisation at all levels starting from the top.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88935685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.10
Dariusz Jacek OLSZEWSKI-STRZYŻOWSKI, R. Buhaṣ, S. Buhaş
Background: One of the ways of including homeless persons (especially young people) into society is to enable them to actively participate in sports activities. Implementation of an event of international importance entitled the Homeless World Cup is an excellent example of such activities. Material and methods: The main source of data for this article is the research conducted with the participants of the "Homeless World Cup" Tournament in Poznań in 2013. The study was conducted with the use of the questionnaire technique (direct – the tool was a questionnaire containing 21 questions). The survey was anonymous. The respondents had an opportunity to answer more than one question. In total, 12 homeless players, representatives of the Polish National Team, were examined. Results: The subject of the research was a sense of belonging to homeless people involved in sports activities. The athletes took part in systematic training and participated in an international soccer tournament. The homeless had to do with relations permeated by the spirit of rivalry, cooperation and, of course, disciplining moralism. Taking into account this socio-sport reality and considering homeless people with a research intention, it was possible to assume that one of the consequences of their participation in organized social life would be the discovery of social identity and the anticipated sense of attachment and belonging. This was also the goal of the research task – an explanation of this relationship. The results of the study did not confirm the assumed assumption. Homeless people are people at a young age who have not experienced social isolation and a sense of loneliness. They combined practicing sport with expectations of changing their social position and, in particular, achieving the status of employees. The results related to the personal consequences of practicing sport indicate that homeless people see a correlation between training activity and the necessity to change health behaviors. Conclusions: Most of the surveyed players confirm the fact that their taking up sports activities (playing football) in a decisive manner, inter alia, it changed their lives so far, their positive attitude towards themselves and others, improved their family contacts. Their social and interpersonal relations have visibly improved, and there have been positive changes in their social attitudes, and that sport can be an important factor facilitating their inclusion and return to social life (sport as a way out of homelessness).
{"title":"A sense of social affiliation of homeless people participating in a soccer tournament","authors":"Dariusz Jacek OLSZEWSKI-STRZYŻOWSKI, R. Buhaṣ, S. Buhaş","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the ways of including homeless persons (especially young people) into society is to enable them to actively participate in sports activities. Implementation of an event of international importance entitled the Homeless World Cup is an excellent example of such activities. Material and methods: The main source of data for this article is the research conducted with the participants of the \"Homeless World Cup\" Tournament in Poznań in 2013. The study was conducted with the use of the questionnaire technique (direct – the tool was a questionnaire containing 21 questions). The survey was anonymous. The respondents had an opportunity to answer more than one question. In total, 12 homeless players, representatives of the Polish National Team, were examined. Results: The subject of the research was a sense of belonging to homeless people involved in sports activities. The athletes took part in systematic training and participated in an international soccer tournament. The homeless had to do with relations permeated by the spirit of rivalry, cooperation and, of course, disciplining moralism. Taking into account this socio-sport reality and considering homeless people with a research intention, it was possible to assume that one of the consequences of their participation in organized social life would be the discovery of social identity and the anticipated sense of attachment and belonging. This was also the goal of the research task – an explanation of this relationship. The results of the study did not confirm the assumed assumption. Homeless people are people at a young age who have not experienced social isolation and a sense of loneliness. They combined practicing sport with expectations of changing their social position and, in particular, achieving the status of employees. The results related to the personal consequences of practicing sport indicate that homeless people see a correlation between training activity and the necessity to change health behaviors. Conclusions: Most of the surveyed players confirm the fact that their taking up sports activities (playing football) in a decisive manner, inter alia, it changed their lives so far, their positive attitude towards themselves and others, improved their family contacts. Their social and interpersonal relations have visibly improved, and there have been positive changes in their social attitudes, and that sport can be an important factor facilitating their inclusion and return to social life (sport as a way out of homelessness).","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"43 Pt B 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90573071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.17
M. Więckowski
Background: The development of cross-border tourism and local resources based on the border has grooving the importance in last decencies. One of the most important tourist attractions on Polish borders are tripoints. This article seeks to discuss changes made, by reference to two border tripoints situated on the junction of Polish, Czech and Slovak borders in the Beskids Mountains and on the junction of Polish, Slovak and Ukraine borders in the Bieszczady Mountains. Material and methods: Analysis of historical, legal and statistical materials as well as cartographic analysis and fieldwork were conducted. Informal discussions and formal in-depth interviews were undertaken with tourists in each of the researched tripoints: informal interviews/discussions with 45 tourists in the tripoint between Poland, Slovakia and Czechia and informal interviews/discussions with 40 tourists in the tripoint between Poland, Slovakia and Ukraine. Results: The tourists reaching tripoints in the Carpathians argued that the places have a great potential for tourism development. They underline great symbolic meanings, possibility to visit three countries in a short time and the importance of the point which is interesting and give an opportunity to take a nice photo. The presented research also exemplifies the concept of a new tourist space beyond traditional tourist destinations. This ensured the status of the tripoint as a resource, a “discovery”, and a curiosity. Conclusions: The border tripoints give great opportunities for the development of tourism. Openness and permeability of borders can determine development on both sides of tourism related to the presence of the border, and offer an opportunity for cross-border attractions to be set up. Tripoints as emerging tourist attractions have appeared in new marketing materials and have the potential to serve as unique border attractions.
{"title":"The border as a resource – new places for tourism development. Evidence from two Carpathian tripoints","authors":"M. Więckowski","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The development of cross-border tourism and local resources based on the border has grooving the importance in last decencies. One of the most important tourist attractions on Polish borders are tripoints. This article seeks to discuss changes made, by reference to two border tripoints situated on the junction of Polish, Czech and Slovak borders in the Beskids Mountains and on the junction of Polish, Slovak and Ukraine borders in the Bieszczady Mountains. Material and methods: Analysis of historical, legal and statistical materials as well as cartographic analysis and fieldwork were conducted. Informal discussions and formal in-depth interviews were undertaken with tourists in each of the researched tripoints: informal interviews/discussions with 45 tourists in the tripoint between Poland, Slovakia and Czechia and informal interviews/discussions with 40 tourists in the tripoint between Poland, Slovakia and Ukraine. Results: The tourists reaching tripoints in the Carpathians argued that the places have a great potential for tourism development. They underline great symbolic meanings, possibility to visit three countries in a short time and the importance of the point which is interesting and give an opportunity to take a nice photo. The presented research also exemplifies the concept of a new tourist space beyond traditional tourist destinations. This ensured the status of the tripoint as a resource, a “discovery”, and a curiosity. Conclusions: The border tripoints give great opportunities for the development of tourism. Openness and permeability of borders can determine development on both sides of tourism related to the presence of the border, and offer an opportunity for cross-border attractions to be set up. Tripoints as emerging tourist attractions have appeared in new marketing materials and have the potential to serve as unique border attractions.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74534233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.08
P. SZABO-ALEXI, István Pocsai, Mariana Szabo-Alexi
Background: In this paper we propose to analyze ways to introduce multimedia methods in the evaluation process in the discipline of physical education and sports, by increasing the objectivity of evaluation and self-evaluation. Material and Methods: During the research, 20 students aged 12–13 were filmed and evaluated. Movement analysis software, Kinovea application, version 0.8.15, was used to analyze the recorded image. Results: Through the centralized data represented in graphs and tables, at the first evaluation, the control group obtained results closer to the execution model by an average of 0.62% in 5 of the 6 samples. Following the application of the method researched in the paper, namely the viewing of the records from the first evaluation with biomechanically analyzed frames, the relationship between the two groups changes. At the final evaluation, the research group obtains results closer to the execution model in all 6 samples, on average by -4.61%. Conclusions: The results obtained after applying the statistical parameters (mean) of video recording and analysis reveal a progress in the technical preparation of students, the mistakes being detected more easily and more concretely, the students forming a clear image of their own execution and mistakes.
{"title":"Optimizing the assessment of motor skills in 6th grade pupils through multimedia means","authors":"P. SZABO-ALEXI, István Pocsai, Mariana Szabo-Alexi","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.08","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In this paper we propose to analyze ways to introduce multimedia methods in the evaluation process in the discipline of physical education and sports, by increasing the objectivity of evaluation and self-evaluation. Material and Methods: During the research, 20 students aged 12–13 were filmed and evaluated. Movement analysis software, Kinovea application, version 0.8.15, was used to analyze the recorded image. Results: Through the centralized data represented in graphs and tables, at the first evaluation, the control group obtained results closer to the execution model by an average of 0.62% in 5 of the 6 samples. Following the application of the method researched in the paper, namely the viewing of the records from the first evaluation with biomechanically analyzed frames, the relationship between the two groups changes. At the final evaluation, the research group obtains results closer to the execution model in all 6 samples, on average by -4.61%. Conclusions: The results obtained after applying the statistical parameters (mean) of video recording and analysis reveal a progress in the technical preparation of students, the mistakes being detected more easily and more concretely, the students forming a clear image of their own execution and mistakes.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89429288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.01
Joanna Jedel, Marcin Burchard
Background: For the last several months, the world has been dominated by the coronavirus pandemic that effectively stopped the activity of entities in all fields of social life: finance, economy, culture and, broadly defined sport. The dynamic nature of changes and adaptation to a new reality were related to new restrictions and limitations on the functioning of society that were imposed by local governments. Information about the postponement or cancellation of mass sports events in all disciplines, including marathons, football, athletics, basketball, handball, hockey, rugby, cricket, sailing, skiing, weightlifting, to name a few, created confusion in the sports world. For the first time in the history of the modern Olympics, the Olympic Games and the Paralympic Games were postponed and took place in 2021. Material and methods: The authors analysed available reports that described the general results of the sports market as well as reports and financial statements for the period of the COVID-10 pandemic published by public joint-stock companies operating in different segments of the sports industry. Results: As a consequence of social isolation, society does not regularly practice physical activity, which may lead to deterioration in mental state and increase anxiety and stress. Because of the pandemic, millions of jobs around the world are at risk. Technology, including access to the Internet and on-line content customised to individual users’ needs, is an excellent solution to alleviate the effects of social isolation. E-sports have become very popular in the mass media, not only in the digital world, going beyond internet streaming services, social media and websites for strategic game lovers. Since traditional league games have been suspended or cancelled, the coverage of e-sports events has appeared on television. Conclusions: Today, it can be said that the COVID-19 pandemic has exerted and continues to exert a significant negative influence on the sports market, taking into consideration both economic and social aspects. It does not concern only people who work in professional sports but also those who work in related sectors such as retail or sport services that manage leagues and events. The COVID-19 pandemic has proved to be fraught with economic consequences.
{"title":"The economic and financial impact of the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sports market","authors":"Joanna Jedel, Marcin Burchard","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.01","url":null,"abstract":"Background: For the last several months, the world has been dominated by the coronavirus pandemic that effectively stopped the activity of entities in all fields of social life: finance, economy, culture and, broadly defined sport. The dynamic nature of changes and adaptation to a new reality were related to new restrictions and limitations on the functioning of society that were imposed by local governments. Information about the postponement or cancellation of mass sports events in all disciplines, including marathons, football, athletics, basketball, handball, hockey, rugby, cricket, sailing, skiing, weightlifting, to name a few, created confusion in the sports world. For the first time in the history of the modern Olympics, the Olympic Games and the Paralympic Games were postponed and took place in 2021. Material and methods: The authors analysed available reports that described the general results of the sports market as well as reports and financial statements for the period of the COVID-10 pandemic published by public joint-stock companies operating in different segments of the sports industry. Results: As a consequence of social isolation, society does not regularly practice physical activity, which may lead to deterioration in mental state and increase anxiety and stress. Because of the pandemic, millions of jobs around the world are at risk. Technology, including access to the Internet and on-line content customised to individual users’ needs, is an excellent solution to alleviate the effects of social isolation. E-sports have become very popular in the mass media, not only in the digital world, going beyond internet streaming services, social media and websites for strategic game lovers. Since traditional league games have been suspended or cancelled, the coverage of e-sports events has appeared on television. Conclusions: Today, it can be said that the COVID-19 pandemic has exerted and continues to exert a significant negative influence on the sports market, taking into consideration both economic and social aspects. It does not concern only people who work in professional sports but also those who work in related sectors such as retail or sport services that manage leagues and events. The COVID-19 pandemic has proved to be fraught with economic consequences.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80473588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.15
G. V. Herman, Norbert Banto, T. Caciora, V. Grama, J. Trojan, M. Ungureanu, Sorin Furdui, Daiana Garai, R. Buhaṣ, S. Buhaş
Background: Amid the exponential development of the tourist industry in general and spa tourism in particular that characterises the beginning of the century, the knowledge of tourists’ perception regarding the destination image is of utmost importance in order to enhance competitiveness. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to investigate the perception of tourists from Băile Felix – Băile 1 Mai (Romania) about this spa area, in order to establish the profile of the tourist interested in this destination. Material and methods: Data was collected by applying a questionnaire (face-to-face technique), structured on eleven questions regarding the degree of knowledge of the destination, the habits of tourist consumption and the perception of the quality-price ratio according to tourist consumption. Results: Research results indicate a high degree of satisfaction among tourists regarding the destination. They declare themselves satisfied with most services and this determines their quite frequent return and spending an extended period of time at the destination. Conclusions: As a result, due to the qualitative and quantitative services and tourists’ positive perception, Băile Felix – Băile 1 Mai area is one of the most significant spa tourist destinations in Romania.
背景:在旅游业的指数级发展中，尤其是温泉旅游，这是本世纪初的特点，为了提高竞争力，了解游客对目的地形象的看法至关重要。在这方面，本研究的目的是调查来自biliile Felix - biliile 1 Mai(罗马尼亚)的游客对这个水疗区的看法，以建立对这个目的地感兴趣的游客的形象。材料和方法:采用问卷调查(面对面技术)收集数据，问卷调查包含11个问题，包括对目的地的了解程度、旅游消费习惯和根据旅游消费对质量价格比的感知。结果:研究结果表明，游客对目的地的满意度较高。他们对大多数服务表示满意，这决定了他们经常返回目的地，并在目的地停留较长时间。因此，由于定性和定量的服务和游客的积极看法，biliile Felix - biliile 1 Mai地区是罗马尼亚最重要的温泉旅游目的地之一。
{"title":"Considerations Regarding the Profile of Tourists from Băile Felix – Băile 1 Mai Spa Destination, Romania","authors":"G. V. Herman, Norbert Banto, T. Caciora, V. Grama, J. Trojan, M. Ungureanu, Sorin Furdui, Daiana Garai, R. Buhaṣ, S. Buhaş","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Amid the exponential development of the tourist industry in general and spa tourism in particular that characterises the beginning of the century, the knowledge of tourists’ perception regarding the destination image is of utmost importance in order to enhance competitiveness. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to investigate the perception of tourists from Băile Felix – Băile 1 Mai (Romania) about this spa area, in order to establish the profile of the tourist interested in this destination. Material and methods: Data was collected by applying a questionnaire (face-to-face technique), structured on eleven questions regarding the degree of knowledge of the destination, the habits of tourist consumption and the perception of the quality-price ratio according to tourist consumption. Results: Research results indicate a high degree of satisfaction among tourists regarding the destination. They declare themselves satisfied with most services and this determines their quite frequent return and spending an extended period of time at the destination. Conclusions: As a result, due to the qualitative and quantitative services and tourists’ positive perception, Băile Felix – Băile 1 Mai area is one of the most significant spa tourist destinations in Romania.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85654861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.06
Justyna BOLEK-ADAMEK, Damian Bojar
Background: Multiple data suggest that cardio workouts improve young women’s cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate. The main goal of this paper is to identify objective (i.e. measurable) effects of systematic physical activity in young women participating in Slavica Dance training. Material and methods: Twenty-six young women, aged 20–21 years, constituted one group. Aerobic capacity, anaerobic threshold, heart rate and anaerobic energy metabolism were measured before and after the 8-week training period. Results: Regular participation in the Slavica Dance training resulted in a statistically significant increase in the volume of oxygen delivered and used per minute by the subjects’ bodies (3.0% on average). In addition, there was an average relative increase in the anaerobic threshold (AT) of about 2.5%, an average relative decrease in the heart rate (HR) of about 1.0% and a decrease in the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) during exercise of about 2.6%. Conclusions: Participating in the Slavica Dance training twice a week for eight weeks increased the performance capacity measured by the maximum oxygen consumption VO2max. A proper training plan not only helps to achieve the desired results, but also provides an interesting form of physical activity for women of all ages.
{"title":"Identification of objective (measurable) effects of systematic physical activity of young women participating in Slavica® Dance training","authors":"Justyna BOLEK-ADAMEK, Damian Bojar","doi":"10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.spec.iss1.06","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multiple data suggest that cardio workouts improve young women’s cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate. The main goal of this paper is to identify objective (i.e. measurable) effects of systematic physical activity in young women participating in Slavica Dance training. Material and methods: Twenty-six young women, aged 20–21 years, constituted one group. Aerobic capacity, anaerobic threshold, heart rate and anaerobic energy metabolism were measured before and after the 8-week training period. Results: Regular participation in the Slavica Dance training resulted in a statistically significant increase in the volume of oxygen delivered and used per minute by the subjects’ bodies (3.0% on average). In addition, there was an average relative increase in the anaerobic threshold (AT) of about 2.5%, an average relative decrease in the heart rate (HR) of about 1.0% and a decrease in the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) during exercise of about 2.6%. Conclusions: Participating in the Slavica Dance training twice a week for eight weeks increased the performance capacity measured by the maximum oxygen consumption VO2max. A proper training plan not only helps to achieve the desired results, but also provides an interesting form of physical activity for women of all ages.","PeriodicalId":43798,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity","volume":"188 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79419358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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