Personalized education aims to meet the individual needs of each learner through tailored learning paths. Recent research has shown that the personalization of education and the online learning experience can be effectively enhanced through the use of supervised machine learning techniques and other machine learning approaches, which will not only provide personalized learning advice and resources but also highlight the importance of ensuring data security, algorithmic fairness, and transparency when implementing these techniques. In this paper, existing systematic reviews are integrated and updated through analyzing latest papers and classify their solution to the challenges in the educational field.
{"title":"A Review of Personalized Education Based on Machine Learning","authors":"Zhijia Li","doi":"10.61173/mggvmx39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61173/mggvmx39","url":null,"abstract":"Personalized education aims to meet the individual needs of each learner through tailored learning paths. Recent research has shown that the personalization of education and the online learning experience can be effectively enhanced through the use of supervised machine learning techniques and other machine learning approaches, which will not only provide personalized learning advice and resources but also highlight the importance of ensuring data security, algorithmic fairness, and transparency when implementing these techniques. In this paper, existing systematic reviews are integrated and updated through analyzing latest papers and classify their solution to the challenges in the educational field.","PeriodicalId":438278,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Engineering, Chemistry and Environmental Protection","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141379905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article discusses the application methods of distributed databases in management information systems. First, the two main types of structured and isomorphic databases are analyzed. Then, it elaborates on the application technology of distributed databases from five aspects: structural design, data transmission, security strategy, function implementation, and data synchronization maintenance, and proposes the selection of network topology mode, data segmentation strategy, and optimized transmission algorithm according to business needs. , establish security protection mechanisms, and support OLTP and OLAP processing methods. Finally, distributed databases provide essential support for management information systems by horizontally expanding storage and computing capabilities but also bring technical challenges.
{"title":"Application of distributed database in management information system","authors":"Chenyi Liu","doi":"10.61173/f1tqrz10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61173/f1tqrz10","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000This article discusses the application methods of distributed databases in management information systems. First, the two main types of structured and isomorphic databases are analyzed. Then, it elaborates on the application technology of distributed databases from five aspects: structural design, data transmission, security strategy, function implementation, and data synchronization maintenance, and proposes the selection of network topology mode, data segmentation strategy, and optimized transmission algorithm according to business needs. , establish security protection mechanisms, and support OLTP and OLAP processing methods. Finally, distributed databases provide essential support for management information systems by horizontally expanding storage and computing capabilities but also bring technical challenges.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":438278,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Engineering, Chemistry and Environmental Protection","volume":"1 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140091032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a crucial application of modern technology, smart lighting systems are transforming our interaction with the living environment. The key lies in utilizing advanced sensor technology to maximize lighting efficiency and conserve energy. This paper focuses on designing a sensor-based lighting control system that integrates Passive Infrared and light intensity sensors for the automated management of environmental lighting. Our research has extensively explored the integrated application of PIR and light-intensity sensors. The design aims to automatically adjust indoor lighting based on environmental light conditions and the presence or absence of occupants to enhance comfort and energy efficiency. The sensor fusion algorithm was optimized through a series of experiments to improve detection accuracy and effective energy utilization. Based on the design analysis, the system can significantly enhance energy savings by reducing unnecessary lighting without compromising occupant comfort. The system’s design also considers rooms of varying sizes and layouts, demonstrating good adaptability and versatility. The significance of this research lies in providing innovative solutions for the smart lighting domain. By enhancing the intelligence and responsiveness of lighting systems in home and commercial environments, our design offers a more intuitive and energy-efficient lighting experience. It paves the way for future developments and innovations in lighting systems. This work highlights the immense potential of sensor-based systems in creating interactive and adaptive environments suitable for diverse settings such as homes, corridors, and underground garages.
{"title":"Design of a Smart Lighting System Based on Sensor Integration and Automation","authors":"Linfeng Jia","doi":"10.61173/z9vn5c87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61173/z9vn5c87","url":null,"abstract":"As a crucial application of modern technology, smart lighting systems are transforming our interaction with the living environment. The key lies in utilizing advanced sensor technology to maximize lighting efficiency and conserve energy. This paper focuses on designing a sensor-based lighting control system that integrates Passive Infrared and light intensity sensors for the automated management of environmental lighting. Our research has extensively explored the integrated application of PIR and light-intensity sensors. The design aims to automatically adjust indoor lighting based on environmental light conditions and the presence or absence of occupants to enhance comfort and energy efficiency. The sensor fusion algorithm was optimized through a series of experiments to improve detection accuracy and effective energy utilization. Based on the design analysis, the system can significantly enhance energy savings by reducing unnecessary lighting without compromising occupant comfort. The system’s design also considers rooms of varying sizes and layouts, demonstrating good adaptability and versatility. The significance of this research lies in providing innovative solutions for the smart lighting domain. By enhancing the intelligence and responsiveness of lighting systems in home and commercial environments, our design offers a more intuitive and energy-efficient lighting experience. It paves the way for future developments and innovations in lighting systems. This work highlights the immense potential of sensor-based systems in creating interactive and adaptive environments suitable for diverse settings such as homes, corridors, and underground garages.","PeriodicalId":438278,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Engineering, Chemistry and Environmental Protection","volume":"90 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140451910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current development of hydrogen fuel cells as a ship power source is reviewed, and the characteristics of hydrogen fuel cell powered ships are summarized, as well as the development and research status of relevant technologies, including standardized specification of hydrogen fuel cell power, the safety of hydrogen system and production and storage of hydrogen. Based on the current research in various countries, the challenges faced by the development of hydrogen fuel cell-powered ships are put forward. According to the research survey, the number of hydrogen fuel-powered ships in the world is limited, and most of them are small passenger ships in inland rivers and lakes. The formulation of relevant standards and specifications for hydrogen fuel cell-powered ships is still in development. Hydrogen fuel cell is the safest and most environmentally friendly way to apply hydrogen fuel to ship power. Hydrogen fuel storage can be optimally installed on a ship using a combination of different methods.
{"title":"Application of Hydrogen Fuel Cell in Marine Power","authors":"Yiqian Zhang","doi":"10.61173/nm8ntz28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61173/nm8ntz28","url":null,"abstract":"The current development of hydrogen fuel cells as a ship power source is reviewed, and the characteristics of hydrogen fuel cell powered ships are summarized, as well as the development and research status of relevant technologies, including standardized specification of hydrogen fuel cell power, the safety of hydrogen system and production and storage of hydrogen. Based on the current research in various countries, the challenges faced by the development of hydrogen fuel cell-powered ships are put forward. According to the research survey, the number of hydrogen fuel-powered ships in the world is limited, and most of them are small passenger ships in inland rivers and lakes. The formulation of relevant standards and specifications for hydrogen fuel cell-powered ships is still in development. Hydrogen fuel cell is the safest and most environmentally friendly way to apply hydrogen fuel to ship power. Hydrogen fuel storage can be optimally installed on a ship using a combination of different methods.","PeriodicalId":438278,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Engineering, Chemistry and Environmental Protection","volume":"327 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140450818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A printer is already crucial office equipment. However, when using any printer, it is normal to see defects in the printed contents. The research integrates the common defects that users will encounter and analyzes some feasible solutions. The paper focuses on the basic procedures of the laser printer and analyzes the common printing defects based on the procedures. After some analysis, the paper finds that most regular defects can result from malfunctioning charging units for the charging process, the laser path and its optical components, or the photosensitive drum. Afterward, the paper addressed some improvements to inhibit the defects, including enhancing craftsmanship to different units. The paper has left the common users some insights on solving the defects and has provided the manufacturers or the researchers with ideas for further improvement.
{"title":"Research and Analysis of Modern Printer and Printing Defects","authors":"Ziang Liang","doi":"10.61173/4pnga606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61173/4pnga606","url":null,"abstract":"A printer is already crucial office equipment. However, when using any printer, it is normal to see defects in the printed contents. The research integrates the common defects that users will encounter and analyzes some feasible solutions. The paper focuses on the basic procedures of the laser printer and analyzes the common printing defects based on the procedures. After some analysis, the paper finds that most regular defects can result from malfunctioning charging units for the charging process, the laser path and its optical components, or the photosensitive drum. Afterward, the paper addressed some improvements to inhibit the defects, including enhancing craftsmanship to different units. The paper has left the common users some insights on solving the defects and has provided the manufacturers or the researchers with ideas for further improvement.","PeriodicalId":438278,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Engineering, Chemistry and Environmental Protection","volume":"1 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139958570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nowadays, with the continuous development of the field of computer vision and computer graphics, 3D reconstruction technology has become an area that has attracted much of people’s attention. 3D reconstruction refers to creating a 3D model of an object in the real world by extracting information from multiple 2D images or sensor data. This technology has important usages in many fields, including virtual reality, augmented reality, cultural heritage preservation, medical image processing, industrial design, etc. This thesis examines the application of 3D reconstruction in various fields, discusses the definition of development history, its wide application in life, and its advantages and disadvantages. This article is divided into four parts and discusses the algorithm research of 3D reconstruction in four fields. Through an in-depth study of 3D reconstruction technology, we can better understand its role in different fields and provide strong support for developing and innovating related applications. As more accurate devices and algorithms continue to advance, 3D reconstruction technology is expected to show its significant potential in more and more fields and create more realistic and useful digital experiences for us.
{"title":"Research on Three-dimensional Reconstruction","authors":"Tianyi Huang","doi":"10.61173/04dajx09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61173/04dajx09","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, with the continuous development of the field of computer vision and computer graphics, 3D reconstruction technology has become an area that has attracted much of people’s attention. 3D reconstruction refers to creating a 3D model of an object in the real world by extracting information from multiple 2D images or sensor data. This technology has important usages in many fields, including virtual reality, augmented reality, cultural heritage preservation, medical image processing, industrial design, etc. This thesis examines the application of 3D reconstruction in various fields, discusses the definition of development history, its wide application in life, and its advantages and disadvantages. This article is divided into four parts and discusses the algorithm research of 3D reconstruction in four fields. Through an in-depth study of 3D reconstruction technology, we can better understand its role in different fields and provide strong support for developing and innovating related applications. As more accurate devices and algorithms continue to advance, 3D reconstruction technology is expected to show its significant potential in more and more fields and create more realistic and useful digital experiences for us.","PeriodicalId":438278,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Engineering, Chemistry and Environmental Protection","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139958943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This project proposes an intelligent control method that employs a particle swarm algorithm to optimize the rules of a fuzzy controller. The rules of the fuzzy controller are continuously adjusted based on feedback data on the attitude changes of a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle and the enhanced particle swarm algorithm. This enables the controller to learn autonomously, thereby enhancing its performance under various conditions. In addition to optimizing the rules of the fuzzy controller, an analysis and modeling process is conducted for the characteristics of wind speed changes under natural conditions. The resulting model is introduced into the system as environmental noise, thereby improving the controller’s performance under different conditions. Experiments are conducted in the Matlab/Simulink simulation environment to test the performance of the control algorithm. The algorithm’s anti-disturbance capability and control accuracy are compared when facing complex disturbances. This research methodology offers new possibilities for precise control of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles and provides valuable references for future drone technology development.
{"title":"Design of fuzzy PID control system for quad-rotor UAV based on particle swarm algorithm under wind disturbance conditions","authors":"Rongda Meng","doi":"10.61173/gefh0t54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61173/gefh0t54","url":null,"abstract":"This project proposes an intelligent control method that employs a particle swarm algorithm to optimize the rules of a fuzzy controller. The rules of the fuzzy controller are continuously adjusted based on feedback data on the attitude changes of a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle and the enhanced particle swarm algorithm. This enables the controller to learn autonomously, thereby enhancing its performance under various conditions. In addition to optimizing the rules of the fuzzy controller, an analysis and modeling process is conducted for the characteristics of wind speed changes under natural conditions. The resulting model is introduced into the system as environmental noise, thereby improving the controller’s performance under different conditions. Experiments are conducted in the Matlab/Simulink simulation environment to test the performance of the control algorithm. The algorithm’s anti-disturbance capability and control accuracy are compared when facing complex disturbances. This research methodology offers new possibilities for precise control of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles and provides valuable references for future drone technology development.","PeriodicalId":438278,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Engineering, Chemistry and Environmental Protection","volume":"15 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140450379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This essay explores the dynamic landscape of gastrointestinal health, highlighting the increasing incidence of conditions such as infections, ulcers, bleeding, and cancers. The crucial imperative of timely detection and diagnosis is emphasized, leading to examining capsule endoscopy and the transformative impact of magnetic sensor-based positioning techniques. From the initial development of capsule endoscopy in 2001 to the evolution of Simultaneous Magnetic Actuation and Localization (SMAL), the essay delves into advancements that enhance precision and control within the intricate gastrointestinal tract. Notwithstanding notable progress, challenges such as the necessity for miniaturization, reliance on external magnetic fields, and safety considerations are acknowledged. Future developments in navigation algorithms, wireless communication, and power management are anticipated and discussed as potential solutions. Envisioning a future where magnetic sensor-based capsule endoscopy integrates with artificial intelligence, the essay foresees personalized medicine, home-based monitoring, and global healthcare accessibility. Ultimately, the collaborative efforts needed to overcome challenges and unleash the full potential of this technology are emphasized, shaping the trajectory of gastrointestinal healthcare.
{"title":"Review of Capsule Endoscope Technology","authors":"Crystal Xu","doi":"10.61173/pa5rt144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61173/pa5rt144","url":null,"abstract":"This essay explores the dynamic landscape of gastrointestinal health, highlighting the increasing incidence of conditions such as infections, ulcers, bleeding, and cancers. The crucial imperative of timely detection and diagnosis is emphasized, leading to examining capsule endoscopy and the transformative impact of magnetic sensor-based positioning techniques. From the initial development of capsule endoscopy in 2001 to the evolution of Simultaneous Magnetic Actuation and Localization (SMAL), the essay delves into advancements that enhance precision and control within the intricate gastrointestinal tract. Notwithstanding notable progress, challenges such as the necessity for miniaturization, reliance on external magnetic fields, and safety considerations are acknowledged. Future developments in navigation algorithms, wireless communication, and power management are anticipated and discussed as potential solutions. Envisioning a future where magnetic sensor-based capsule endoscopy integrates with artificial intelligence, the essay foresees personalized medicine, home-based monitoring, and global healthcare accessibility. Ultimately, the collaborative efforts needed to overcome challenges and unleash the full potential of this technology are emphasized, shaping the trajectory of gastrointestinal healthcare.","PeriodicalId":438278,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Engineering, Chemistry and Environmental Protection","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139958491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Light pressure driving has attracted widespread attention due to its unique physical properties and potential in various scientific and technological fields. Due to the limitations of current technology and material levels, achieving a macro-level light pressure-driven approach in the short term is unrealistic. A wide range of research areas for light-pressure driving are focused on the micro level and suitable light-pressure materials. Under the current theoretical framework, a light pressure-driven spacecraft with suitable light sail materials is a highly competitive alternative for interstellar navigation. This article mainly simulates the process of light pressure-driven spacecraft accelerating to sub-light speed through laser irradiation on the Earth’s surface and decelerating the returning spacecraft. The article comprehensively considered factors such as laser frequency, sail size, and spacecraft mass during the simulation process and provided simulation results under appropriate conditions. Due to the significant relativistic effect of this process, this paper also considered the red shift and blue shift effects of relativistic light in the simulation process.
{"title":"Analysis of Using the Light Pressure Effect to Drive Spacecraft under Complex Conditions","authors":"Chenxi Wang","doi":"10.61173/kf788778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61173/kf788778","url":null,"abstract":"Light pressure driving has attracted widespread attention due to its unique physical properties and potential in various scientific and technological fields. Due to the limitations of current technology and material levels, achieving a macro-level light pressure-driven approach in the short term is unrealistic. A wide range of research areas for light-pressure driving are focused on the micro level and suitable light-pressure materials. Under the current theoretical framework, a light pressure-driven spacecraft with suitable light sail materials is a highly competitive alternative for interstellar navigation. This article mainly simulates the process of light pressure-driven spacecraft accelerating to sub-light speed through laser irradiation on the Earth’s surface and decelerating the returning spacecraft. The article comprehensively considered factors such as laser frequency, sail size, and spacecraft mass during the simulation process and provided simulation results under appropriate conditions. Due to the significant relativistic effect of this process, this paper also considered the red shift and blue shift effects of relativistic light in the simulation process.","PeriodicalId":438278,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Engineering, Chemistry and Environmental Protection","volume":"9 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139958958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The sensory feeling brought by the speaker’s sound quality determines the speaker’s quality, and whether a better speaker can be designed depends on whether the factors affecting the speaker’s sound quality can be correctly analyzed. Through the analysis of the loudspeaker structure and the application of physics in the loudspeaker, the factors affecting the sound quality of the loudspeaker are analyzed from the two aspects of the magnetic circuit system and the vibration system, which is intended to help designers analyze and understand the physical characteristics of the loudspeaker, to make better audio equipment.
{"title":"Sound Quality Analysis and Optimization of Loudspeakers Based on Electromagnetic Principle","authors":"Zehan Huang","doi":"10.61173/nbkevv88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61173/nbkevv88","url":null,"abstract":"The sensory feeling brought by the speaker’s sound quality determines the speaker’s quality, and whether a better speaker can be designed depends on whether the factors affecting the speaker’s sound quality can be correctly analyzed. Through the analysis of the loudspeaker structure and the application of physics in the loudspeaker, the factors affecting the sound quality of the loudspeaker are analyzed from the two aspects of the magnetic circuit system and the vibration system, which is intended to help designers analyze and understand the physical characteristics of the loudspeaker, to make better audio equipment.","PeriodicalId":438278,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Engineering, Chemistry and Environmental Protection","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139959207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：