Da je organska kemija kemija ugljikovih spojeva, slažu se svi udžbenici, no – i u tome se svi slažu – uz neke iznimke. Koje bi to iznimke bile teško je reći, a još ih je teže jasno iskazati. Prvi hrvatski sveučilišni udžbenik organske kemije, što ga je napisao Fran Bubanović (1883. – 1956.), počinje rečenicom “Organska kemija jeste kemija ugljikovih spojeva” da bi potom rekao, premda zaobilazno, kako se svi spojevi ugljika ipak ne mogu smatrati organskim spojevima:
Da je organska kemija kemija ugljikovih spojeva，slažu se svi udžbenici，no–i u tome se svi slařu–uz neke iznimke。Koje bi to iznimke bile teško je reći，a joših je teže jasno iskazati。克罗地亚第一位有机化学老师，Fran Bubanovic著（1883年）。1956年，“有机化学是碳化合物”一词开始说，尽管粗略地说，所有的碳化合物都不能被视为有机化合物：
{"title":"Kako definirati organsku kemiju?","authors":"Nenad Raos","doi":"10.15255/kui.2021.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/kui.2021.044","url":null,"abstract":"Da je organska kemija kemija ugljikovih spojeva, slažu se svi udžbenici, no – i u tome se svi slažu – uz neke iznimke. Koje bi to iznimke bile teško je reći, a još ih je teže jasno iskazati. Prvi hrvatski sveučilišni udžbenik organske kemije, što ga je napisao Fran Bubanović (1883. – 1956.), počinje rečenicom “Organska kemija jeste kemija ugljikovih spojeva” da bi potom rekao, premda zaobilazno, kako se svi spojevi ugljika ipak ne mogu smatrati organskim spojevima:","PeriodicalId":43849,"journal":{"name":"Kemija u Industriji-Journal of Chemists and Chemical Engineers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47152513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Bouras, Basel F. Alrayes, Salim Mokrane, Hadj Daoud Bouras, M. Holtz, A. Badjah-Hadj-Ahmed
Dithiolopyrrolone antibiotics, produced by the Saharan mycelial bacterium Saccharothrix algeriensis , are known for their potent biological activities. Biochemical profiling of S. algeriensis culture extract was done by direct analysis in real time and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (DART-ToF-MS). No other study on dithiolopyrrolones by this technique has been published. Eleven dithiolopyrrolone derivatives: thiolutin, butyryl-pyrrothine/iso-butyryl-pyrrothine, senecioyl-pyrrothine/tigloyl-pyrroth-ine, valeryl-pyrrothine/iso-valeryl-pyrrothine, 2-methyl-3-pentenyl-pyrrothine/2-hexonyl-pyrrothine, iso-hexanoyl-pyrrothine and benzoyl-pyrrothine were characterised by their exact mass measurement and the corresponding molecular formula of each compound. The obtained results confirmed that DART-ToF-MS is an appropriate confirmatory technique for powerful and rapid screening, as well as characterisation of bacterial secondary metabolites.
{"title":"Structure of Potential Dithiolopyrrolone Antibiotics Detected from the DART-ToF-MS Spectra of Saccharothrix algeriensis Extract","authors":"N. Bouras, Basel F. Alrayes, Salim Mokrane, Hadj Daoud Bouras, M. Holtz, A. Badjah-Hadj-Ahmed","doi":"10.15255/kui.2021.083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/kui.2021.083","url":null,"abstract":"Dithiolopyrrolone antibiotics, produced by the Saharan mycelial bacterium Saccharothrix algeriensis , are known for their potent biological activities. Biochemical profiling of S. algeriensis culture extract was done by direct analysis in real time and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (DART-ToF-MS). No other study on dithiolopyrrolones by this technique has been published. Eleven dithiolopyrrolone derivatives: thiolutin, butyryl-pyrrothine/iso-butyryl-pyrrothine, senecioyl-pyrrothine/tigloyl-pyrroth-ine, valeryl-pyrrothine/iso-valeryl-pyrrothine, 2-methyl-3-pentenyl-pyrrothine/2-hexonyl-pyrrothine, iso-hexanoyl-pyrrothine and benzoyl-pyrrothine were characterised by their exact mass measurement and the corresponding molecular formula of each compound. The obtained results confirmed that DART-ToF-MS is an appropriate confirmatory technique for powerful and rapid screening, as well as characterisation of bacterial secondary metabolites.","PeriodicalId":43849,"journal":{"name":"Kemija u Industriji-Journal of Chemists and Chemical Engineers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42217910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
of chemical warfare and industrial chemicals is for security it based on colorimetric chemistry, and only the development of electronics has made the automation and miniaturisation of chemical detection possible. At the end of the 20 th century, automatic chemical detectors, mostly based on ion mobility spectrometry technology (IMS), began to appear on the market. Nowadays, colorimetric detectors are increasingly being used again due to their excellent selectivity and low cost, and new chromogenic reagents are being developed. On the other hand, the development of IMS detectors is focused on the use of an asymmetric field since it allows smaller dimensions and greater sensitivity of the detector. In this paper, besides commercially available chemical detectors based on colorimetry and ion mobility spectroscopy techniques, an overview of scientific research focused on further development of these technologies with the goal of increasing selectivity and sensitivity is given.
{"title":"Tehnologije koje se primjenjuju za terensku detekciju bojnih otrova: I. dio – Kolorimetrija i spektrometrija ionske pokretljivosti","authors":"Ivana Cetina, Dragutin Tušek, Valentina Ključarić","doi":"10.15255/kui.2021.079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/kui.2021.079","url":null,"abstract":"of chemical warfare and industrial chemicals is for security it based on colorimetric chemistry, and only the development of electronics has made the automation and miniaturisation of chemical detection possible. At the end of the 20 th century, automatic chemical detectors, mostly based on ion mobility spectrometry technology (IMS), began to appear on the market. Nowadays, colorimetric detectors are increasingly being used again due to their excellent selectivity and low cost, and new chromogenic reagents are being developed. On the other hand, the development of IMS detectors is focused on the use of an asymmetric field since it allows smaller dimensions and greater sensitivity of the detector. In this paper, besides commercially available chemical detectors based on colorimetry and ion mobility spectroscopy techniques, an overview of scientific research focused on further development of these technologies with the goal of increasing selectivity and sensitivity is given.","PeriodicalId":43849,"journal":{"name":"Kemija u Industriji-Journal of Chemists and Chemical Engineers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49123764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wahiba Maouche, M. Douani, A. Labbaci, Ümran TEZCAN ÜN, Masoud Derakhshandeh
For major thermal engines used in industrial sectors, the use of chillers has been growing steadily over the previous decades. Indeed, this is linked strongly to their large energy performance despite their investment costs, which are still high, in particular for low powers. Performance coefficients for absorption chillers are relatively low, and their profitability depends on the costs of the main equipment and more particularly on the price of the absorber. Several studies focusing on the development of mass contactors are underway with the principal objective of further improving their performance of mass and energy transfer. Relating to the mass and heat transfer, it is specified that the contact between the phases in circulation is ensured by different types of contactors. The transfer performance is correlated with the heat and mass transfer coefficient on the one hand, and the specific exchange area, i.e., the exchange area per unit volume of the contactor on the other hand. These contactors are distinguished by their mode of contact between phases (bubbling, spraying, falling film, etc. ). While the exchange coefficient depends on the hydrodynamics regime in the contactor (flow regime and physicochemical properties of phases), the specific exchange area is dictated by its operating mode. Any limitation of its use for a specific application (physicochemical phenome na, such as crystallisation, deposited dust, etc. ) requires research and development of better devices more adapted. Moreover, the most used contactors in chemical engineering are plate columns, packed columns, falling film columns, spray columns, etc. In order to intensify exchanges, a new absorber of the pulverised type is to be explored in relation with the physicochemical properties of the phases, and of their hydrodynamic flow conditions in the sprayed column. Therefore, an experimental study of the influence of operating variables (nozzle diameter, fluids flow rate, their concentrations, size of droplets, etc. ) on the overall coefficient of mass transfer in gaseous phase in the absorber of the absorber chiller was conducted. After having fixed the pressure in the absorber, the first part of the study allowed developing new correlations linking the experimental results of the K G ∙ a to all operating variables ( L , G , d d , etc. ). The second part was devoted to the simulation of the absorption chiller functioning by introducing the concept of energy and exergy yields based on the mass transfer correlations.
对于工业部门使用的主要热机，在过去的几十年里，冷却器的使用一直在稳步增长。事实上，这与它们巨大的能源性能密切相关，尽管它们的投资成本仍然很高，特别是对于低功率。吸收式冷水机的性能系数相对较低，其盈利能力取决于主要设备的成本，尤其是吸收器的价格。以进一步提高质量接触器的质量和能量传递性能为主要目标，对质量接触器的发展进行了一些研究。关于质量和传热，规定了循环中各相之间的接触是由不同类型的接触器来保证的。传递性能一方面与传热传质系数有关，另一方面与比交换面积有关，即接触器单位体积的交换面积。这些接触器的区别在于它们在相之间的接触方式(鼓泡、喷涂、落膜等)。虽然交换系数取决于接触器中的流体力学状态(流动状态和相的物理化学性质)，但具体的交换面积取决于接触器的工作模式。任何限制其使用的特定应用(物理化学现象，如结晶，沉积粉尘等)需要研究和开发更好的设备更适应。此外，化工中使用最多的接触器有板式塔、填料塔、降膜塔、喷雾塔等。为了加强交换，根据相的物理化学性质及其在喷射柱中的流体动力流动条件，探索一种新型粉状吸收剂。因此，通过实验研究了喷嘴直径、流体流速、流体浓度、液滴大小等操作变量对吸收器冷水机组吸收塔内整体气相传质系数的影响。在固定了吸收器中的压力之后，研究的第一部分允许开发新的关联，将K G∙a的实验结果与所有操作变量(L，G, d d等)联系起来。第二部分通过引入基于传质相关性的能量和火用产率的概念，对吸收式制冷机的运行进行了模拟。
{"title":"Study of Spraying Technology on Absorber Performances in a H2O/LiBr Absorption Chiller","authors":"Wahiba Maouche, M. Douani, A. Labbaci, Ümran TEZCAN ÜN, Masoud Derakhshandeh","doi":"10.15255/kui.2021.073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/kui.2021.073","url":null,"abstract":"For major thermal engines used in industrial sectors, the use of chillers has been growing steadily over the previous decades. Indeed, this is linked strongly to their large energy performance despite their investment costs, which are still high, in particular for low powers. Performance coefficients for absorption chillers are relatively low, and their profitability depends on the costs of the main equipment and more particularly on the price of the absorber. Several studies focusing on the development of mass contactors are underway with the principal objective of further improving their performance of mass and energy transfer. Relating to the mass and heat transfer, it is specified that the contact between the phases in circulation is ensured by different types of contactors. The transfer performance is correlated with the heat and mass transfer coefficient on the one hand, and the specific exchange area, i.e., the exchange area per unit volume of the contactor on the other hand. These contactors are distinguished by their mode of contact between phases (bubbling, spraying, falling film, etc. ). While the exchange coefficient depends on the hydrodynamics regime in the contactor (flow regime and physicochemical properties of phases), the specific exchange area is dictated by its operating mode. Any limitation of its use for a specific application (physicochemical phenome na, such as crystallisation, deposited dust, etc. ) requires research and development of better devices more adapted. Moreover, the most used contactors in chemical engineering are plate columns, packed columns, falling film columns, spray columns, etc. In order to intensify exchanges, a new absorber of the pulverised type is to be explored in relation with the physicochemical properties of the phases, and of their hydrodynamic flow conditions in the sprayed column. Therefore, an experimental study of the influence of operating variables (nozzle diameter, fluids flow rate, their concentrations, size of droplets, etc. ) on the overall coefficient of mass transfer in gaseous phase in the absorber of the absorber chiller was conducted. After having fixed the pressure in the absorber, the first part of the study allowed developing new correlations linking the experimental results of the K G ∙ a to all operating variables ( L , G , d d , etc. ). The second part was devoted to the simulation of the absorption chiller functioning by introducing the concept of energy and exergy yields based on the mass transfer correlations.","PeriodicalId":43849,"journal":{"name":"Kemija u Industriji-Journal of Chemists and Chemical Engineers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48139314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enrichment of food is a strategy to reduce the incidence of deficiencies in micronutrients in a population. Couscous is widely consumed in Algeria, thus the objective of this study was to obtain an enriched couscous with enhanced therapeutic potencies and with good physicochemical, technological, and microbiological characteristics. Three mass ratios of the traditional prepa - ration Issoufer (10, 20, and 30 %) were added to wheat couscous, and then compared with a control couscous made 100 % of semolina. A significant ( p < 0.05) increase was noticed in the ash, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and anti-radical activity values, for all the mass ratios of Issoufer powder. In contrast, the moisture and pH-value re - vealed a significant ( p < 0.05) decrease in Issoufer powder. The acute toxicity study revealed no lethal effects and behavioural signs of toxicity at the tested doses (100, 250, 500, and 750 mg kg −1 ) of the extract of Issoufer during the 5 days of observation. The results of antibacterial activity showed diameters of inhibition zones had achieved 29.90±0.6 0 mm. Based on obtained results, Issoufer powder can be considered a good ingredient to develop functional couscous naturally enriched of secondary metabolites, and can be used in the prevention of several diseases, as well as used in the food industry.
{"title":"Enhancement of Technological Properties and Therapeutic Potencies of Couscous through Enrichment with Issoufer: Traditional Plant Medicines","authors":"Safia Ali Haimoud, Nesrine Naas, Imane Kebaili","doi":"10.15255/kui.2021.080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/kui.2021.080","url":null,"abstract":"Enrichment of food is a strategy to reduce the incidence of deficiencies in micronutrients in a population. Couscous is widely consumed in Algeria, thus the objective of this study was to obtain an enriched couscous with enhanced therapeutic potencies and with good physicochemical, technological, and microbiological characteristics. Three mass ratios of the traditional prepa - ration Issoufer (10, 20, and 30 %) were added to wheat couscous, and then compared with a control couscous made 100 % of semolina. A significant ( p < 0.05) increase was noticed in the ash, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and anti-radical activity values, for all the mass ratios of Issoufer powder. In contrast, the moisture and pH-value re - vealed a significant ( p < 0.05) decrease in Issoufer powder. The acute toxicity study revealed no lethal effects and behavioural signs of toxicity at the tested doses (100, 250, 500, and 750 mg kg −1 ) of the extract of Issoufer during the 5 days of observation. The results of antibacterial activity showed diameters of inhibition zones had achieved 29.90±0.6 0 mm. Based on obtained results, Issoufer powder can be considered a good ingredient to develop functional couscous naturally enriched of secondary metabolites, and can be used in the prevention of several diseases, as well as used in the food industry.","PeriodicalId":43849,"journal":{"name":"Kemija u Industriji-Journal of Chemists and Chemical Engineers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49545320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Salihović, M. Pazalja, S. Špirtović-Halilović, E. Veljović, M. Huremović, Maida Srabović
The content of micro- and macroelements in dry wild and edible Morchella esculenta and Lactarius piperatus mushrooms collected in Bosnia and Herzegovina was determined using the ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrom- etry) technique. The contents of microelements in M. esculenta and L. piperatus expressed in mg kg −1 DW (dry weight) were as follows: Co 0.08 and 0.28, Cu 37.35 and 27.66, Fe 174.29 and 28.11, Mn 21.26 and 19.31, Se 0.46 and 0.52, Zn 122.84 and 45.06, Al 27.80 and 24.80, Cr 0.83 and 1.06, Ni 0.99 and 0.96, As 0.32 and 0.09, Cd 0.48 and 0.13, and Pb 0.61 and 0.12, respectively, while the contents of macroelements were: K 26989.48 and 36117.20, Na 70.85 and 28.60, Ca 643.48 and 271.93, Mg 684.16 and 840.64, S 2329.33 and 610.42, and P 10339.35 and 5107.63, respectively. In this study, the potential health risks of heavy metals were assessed, and target hazard quotient (THQ) for As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Cr in the tested mushrooms was lower than the safe level. Edible wild mushrooms M. esculenta and L. piperatus , according to this study, could be used in human nutrition due to their favourable characteristics. Based on the accumulations of heavy metals in the tested mushrooms, it was shown that the collection surfaces are environmentally acceptable. Mushrooms collected from this area are generally safe to eat and pose no health risks to humans.
{"title":"Micro- and Macroelements Content and Health Risk Assessment of Morchella esculenta and Lactarius piperatus from Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"M. Salihović, M. Pazalja, S. Špirtović-Halilović, E. Veljović, M. Huremović, Maida Srabović","doi":"10.15255/kui.2021.082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/kui.2021.082","url":null,"abstract":"The content of micro- and macroelements in dry wild and edible Morchella esculenta and Lactarius piperatus mushrooms collected in Bosnia and Herzegovina was determined using the ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrom- etry) technique. The contents of microelements in M. esculenta and L. piperatus expressed in mg kg −1 DW (dry weight) were as follows: Co 0.08 and 0.28, Cu 37.35 and 27.66, Fe 174.29 and 28.11, Mn 21.26 and 19.31, Se 0.46 and 0.52, Zn 122.84 and 45.06, Al 27.80 and 24.80, Cr 0.83 and 1.06, Ni 0.99 and 0.96, As 0.32 and 0.09, Cd 0.48 and 0.13, and Pb 0.61 and 0.12, respectively, while the contents of macroelements were: K 26989.48 and 36117.20, Na 70.85 and 28.60, Ca 643.48 and 271.93, Mg 684.16 and 840.64, S 2329.33 and 610.42, and P 10339.35 and 5107.63, respectively. In this study, the potential health risks of heavy metals were assessed, and target hazard quotient (THQ) for As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Cr in the tested mushrooms was lower than the safe level. Edible wild mushrooms M. esculenta and L. piperatus , according to this study, could be used in human nutrition due to their favourable characteristics. Based on the accumulations of heavy metals in the tested mushrooms, it was shown that the collection surfaces are environmentally acceptable. Mushrooms collected from this area are generally safe to eat and pose no health risks to humans.","PeriodicalId":43849,"journal":{"name":"Kemija u Industriji-Journal of Chemists and Chemical Engineers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44373822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Decarbonisation means reducing or ideally eliminating the greenhouse gas emissions by evaluating all processes in a system from a “low-carbon” perspective. This review describes the current state of the fertiliser industry, and the options and recom-mendations for its decarbonisation. Decarbonisation of the fertiliser industry can be achieved with the developing technologies in terms of raw materials, energy usage, and operating conditions in the fertiliser production processes. Low-carbon fertilisers can be realised with the improvements that can be made in the life cycle of the fertiliser, from the derivation of the raw mate- rials to the formation of the final products. Today, many decarbonisation studies with new technologies that can be created in ammonia production, which is the most energy-intensive process in the fertiliser industry, are at the research stage. This paper reviews the use of hydrogen source in ammonia production and achieving biomass gasification or electrolysis with low carbon footprints, reducing greenhouse gas emissions in nitric acid production, integrating carbon capture and storage technologies into the fertiliser processes, and increasing the efficiency of low-carbon agricultural practices.
{"title":"Green Approach to the Fertiliser Industry: Low-carbon Fertilisers","authors":"Aysu Kayalıoğlu","doi":"10.15255/kui.2021.066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/kui.2021.066","url":null,"abstract":"Decarbonisation means reducing or ideally eliminating the greenhouse gas emissions by evaluating all processes in a system from a “low-carbon” perspective. This review describes the current state of the fertiliser industry, and the options and recom-mendations for its decarbonisation. Decarbonisation of the fertiliser industry can be achieved with the developing technologies in terms of raw materials, energy usage, and operating conditions in the fertiliser production processes. Low-carbon fertilisers can be realised with the improvements that can be made in the life cycle of the fertiliser, from the derivation of the raw mate- rials to the formation of the final products. Today, many decarbonisation studies with new technologies that can be created in ammonia production, which is the most energy-intensive process in the fertiliser industry, are at the research stage. This paper reviews the use of hydrogen source in ammonia production and achieving biomass gasification or electrolysis with low carbon footprints, reducing greenhouse gas emissions in nitric acid production, integrating carbon capture and storage technologies into the fertiliser processes, and increasing the efficiency of low-carbon agricultural practices.","PeriodicalId":43849,"journal":{"name":"Kemija u Industriji-Journal of Chemists and Chemical Engineers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44136099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Open access to scientific information is an important feature of the current scientific pub lishing. Many research funders mandate open access to publications written as part of the projects they support, and they are also willing to cover the costs of these publications in the OA (so-called article processing charges – APC). Due to the increased number of articles published through OA journals, as well as the practice of archiving manuscripts in OA digital repositories, the total number of OA articles is continuously growing. According to the data from the Web of Science Core Collection, at least 45 % of all papers indexed in 2021 are available in OA. Among publish ers who publish exclusively open access journals and charge publication fees, MDPI publishes the largest number of papers. Publisher’s propulsive business policy is the subject of controversy at an international level, but the number of their journals and papers published in those journals and indexed in international bibliographic databases is increasing rapidly. Only in 2021, MDPI launched 86 new journal titles, and in the same year, they published 235,638 articles, almost one third of the total number of articles published throughout their 25-year existence (Fig. 1). In this article, we focus on the impact of MDPI on a small scientific community – the Croatian one. Con stant increase in the number of articles published by Croatian authors in MDPI journals indexed in WoSCC is shown in Fig. 2. Substantial increase of the share of MDPI articles in the total Croatian scientific production in journals indexed in WoSCC, and in the total number of articles in journals available in OA is given in Fig. 3. In 2021, more than a fifth of all papers by Croatian authors indexed in the WoSCC was published in MDPI journals, representing a third of all Croatian OA papers published in the respective year. We have compared these data for Croatia with the data for Slovakia, Austria, and Finland. While Slovakia shows an even larger increase in the share of ar - ticles published by MDPI journals in the period 2019–2021, the impact of MDPI on Austrian and Finnish research community is somewhat lower. Still, a constant increase in the share of articles published in MDPI journals is noticed in all scientific communities analysed (Fig. 4). According to available data, 48 % of the aforementioned papers published by Croatian authors in 2021 were written as part of projects funded by Croatian institutions, but the data on OA publication costs and funding sources are not publicly available. Transparency of these data, which could be provid - ed through the Croatian scientific bibliography CROSBI, would be useful in planning the activities of national financial authorities, as well as for a more successful cooperation with publishers.
{"title":"Pogled ispod haube – što stoji iza velikog porasta broja radova hrvatskih autora u časopisima izdavača MDPI?","authors":"J. Petrak, Lea Škorić, B. Macan","doi":"10.15255/kui.2022.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/kui.2022.007","url":null,"abstract":"Open access to scientific information is an important feature of the current scientific pub lishing. Many research funders mandate open access to publications written as part of the projects they support, and they are also willing to cover the costs of these publications in the OA (so-called article processing charges – APC). Due to the increased number of articles published through OA journals, as well as the practice of archiving manuscripts in OA digital repositories, the total number of OA articles is continuously growing. According to the data from the Web of Science Core Collection, at least 45 % of all papers indexed in 2021 are available in OA. Among publish ers who publish exclusively open access journals and charge publication fees, MDPI publishes the largest number of papers. Publisher’s propulsive business policy is the subject of controversy at an international level, but the number of their journals and papers published in those journals and indexed in international bibliographic databases is increasing rapidly. Only in 2021, MDPI launched 86 new journal titles, and in the same year, they published 235,638 articles, almost one third of the total number of articles published throughout their 25-year existence (Fig. 1). In this article, we focus on the impact of MDPI on a small scientific community – the Croatian one. Con stant increase in the number of articles published by Croatian authors in MDPI journals indexed in WoSCC is shown in Fig. 2. Substantial increase of the share of MDPI articles in the total Croatian scientific production in journals indexed in WoSCC, and in the total number of articles in journals available in OA is given in Fig. 3. In 2021, more than a fifth of all papers by Croatian authors indexed in the WoSCC was published in MDPI journals, representing a third of all Croatian OA papers published in the respective year. We have compared these data for Croatia with the data for Slovakia, Austria, and Finland. While Slovakia shows an even larger increase in the share of ar - ticles published by MDPI journals in the period 2019–2021, the impact of MDPI on Austrian and Finnish research community is somewhat lower. Still, a constant increase in the share of articles published in MDPI journals is noticed in all scientific communities analysed (Fig. 4). According to available data, 48 % of the aforementioned papers published by Croatian authors in 2021 were written as part of projects funded by Croatian institutions, but the data on OA publication costs and funding sources are not publicly available. Transparency of these data, which could be provid - ed through the Croatian scientific bibliography CROSBI, would be useful in planning the activities of national financial authorities, as well as for a more successful cooperation with publishers.","PeriodicalId":43849,"journal":{"name":"Kemija u Industriji-Journal of Chemists and Chemical Engineers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42850320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabrijel Zupčić, Sofia Shkunnikova, Davor Šakić, Marijan Marijan
Increased demand for drugs has promoted the pharmaceutical and chemical industries as the most dynamic industries of the 21 st century. By using the Hofmann-Löffler-Freytag (HLF) reaction, the modification of pharmacologically active substances and biologically important compounds can be achieved in an environmentally friendly manner by highly efficient syntheses. This reaction enables the formation of new compounds according to the principles of green chemistry, without expensive metal catalysts. Numerous computational and experimental studies have shown excep tional flexibility and the possibility of optimising this method in order to increase the economy and reduce the amount of waste generated as by-products of synthetic processes. However, the mechanism of this reaction is yet to be elucidated sufficiently, and further experiments are neces - sary in order to determine the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters that control and guide the HLF reaction. It is necessary to determine the influence of substituents and solvents on 1,5-HAT or 1,6-HAT regioselectivity, and to recognise the mechanism responsible for switching between the radical and ionic mechanism of the reaction.
{"title":"Renesansa Hofmann-Löffler-Freytag reakcije – razvoj C–H funkcionalizacijskih strategija po principima zelene kemije","authors":"Gabrijel Zupčić, Sofia Shkunnikova, Davor Šakić, Marijan Marijan","doi":"10.15255/kui.2021.070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/kui.2021.070","url":null,"abstract":"Increased demand for drugs has promoted the pharmaceutical and chemical industries as the most dynamic industries of the 21 st century. By using the Hofmann-Löffler-Freytag (HLF) reaction, the modification of pharmacologically active substances and biologically important compounds can be achieved in an environmentally friendly manner by highly efficient syntheses. This reaction enables the formation of new compounds according to the principles of green chemistry, without expensive metal catalysts. Numerous computational and experimental studies have shown excep tional flexibility and the possibility of optimising this method in order to increase the economy and reduce the amount of waste generated as by-products of synthetic processes. However, the mechanism of this reaction is yet to be elucidated sufficiently, and further experiments are neces - sary in order to determine the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters that control and guide the HLF reaction. It is necessary to determine the influence of substituents and solvents on 1,5-HAT or 1,6-HAT regioselectivity, and to recognise the mechanism responsible for switching between the radical and ionic mechanism of the reaction.","PeriodicalId":43849,"journal":{"name":"Kemija u Industriji-Journal of Chemists and Chemical Engineers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49039575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Drioueche, H. Boutoumi, N. Benmansour, H. Lettreuch
The applications of organosulfur compounds, especially thioketones are varied which concerns both synthetic and biological chemistry. In this context, from the essential oil of Artemisia judaica L., extracted by hydrodistillation, and consisting mainly of piperitone (91.77 %), thione, and thiol derivatives were hemi-synthesized via a thionylation reaction byphosphorus pentasulphide (P 2 S 5 ). The possible thione-thiol tautomerism in solution followed spectrophotometrically revealed the predominance of thiol form in solution. The antimicrobial activity of essential oils showed that the thionylation of essential oil caused a considerable increase in antimicrobial activity in particular against Escherichia coli .
{"title":"Hemi-synthesis of Thione and Thiol Derivatives from Artemisia judaica L. Essential Oil, and Antimicrobial Tests","authors":"A. Drioueche, H. Boutoumi, N. Benmansour, H. Lettreuch","doi":"10.15255/kui.2021.062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15255/kui.2021.062","url":null,"abstract":"The applications of organosulfur compounds, especially thioketones are varied which concerns both synthetic and biological chemistry. In this context, from the essential oil of Artemisia judaica L., extracted by hydrodistillation, and consisting mainly of piperitone (91.77 %), thione, and thiol derivatives were hemi-synthesized via a thionylation reaction byphosphorus pentasulphide (P 2 S 5 ). The possible thione-thiol tautomerism in solution followed spectrophotometrically revealed the predominance of thiol form in solution. The antimicrobial activity of essential oils showed that the thionylation of essential oil caused a considerable increase in antimicrobial activity in particular against Escherichia coli .","PeriodicalId":43849,"journal":{"name":"Kemija u Industriji-Journal of Chemists and Chemical Engineers","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45722849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：