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Book Review: G.C. Peden: Churchill, Chamberlain and Appeasement 书评:G.C.佩登:《丘吉尔、张伯伦与绥靖政策》
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00472441231170054
Jeremy Black
During the spring term, the Yale-in-London program at the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art, located in central London, offers four courses in British studies generally including British history, history of art or architecture, literature, and drama. Students take all four courses offered, and courses taught at the Paul Mellon Centre must be taken for a letter grade. Further information is available on the program's website. Inquiries may also be directed to yaleinlondon@yale.edu. The application deadline for spring term 2018 is Friday, October 6, 2017. Students will be notified of acceptance within one month of the application deadline. Inquiries about the summer program, described in the Undergraduate Curriculum section, should be directed to the same address. Applications for summer 2018 are due Thursday, February 15, 2018.
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: Keir Giles: Russia’s War on Everybody: And What it Means for You 书评:凯尔·贾尔斯:俄罗斯对所有人的战争:它对你意味着什么
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00472441231170054a
Alan B. Wood
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: Uwe Schütte (ed.): The Cambridge Companion to Krautrock 书评:Uwe sch<e:1>特(编):剑桥陪伴克劳托克
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00472441231170054b
P. Bishop
Condescendingly, Giles admits that while these ‘“idiots” can often be highly intelligent individuals . . . for one reason or another [they] simply do not understand the consequences of what they do or say’. This, he adds, can stem ‘from a lack of understanding of the real-world impact of their academic studies’ (p. 167). The effrontery, almost insolence, of these remarks is truly breath-taking and has no part in proper academic discourse. It amounts to little more than mud-slinging. By loosing off these vitriolic barbs, Giles’ philippic merely serves to reinforce Russian suspicions about the West’s hostile attitude and intentions, thereby unwittingly turning himself into the Kremlin’s ‘useful cretin’. (The author may rest assured that this description is not intended to be a ‘deliberate insult’ but used just in the interests of alliteration). As for his final prognosis concerning the future of Russo-Western relations, his prodigious investigations lead him to the startling conclusion that we can all expect more of the same. That is to say: Russia – whoever the country’s leader – will always remain antagonistic towards the West, and the West will continue to regard Russia as its potential or actual enemy. According to Giles, ’twas ever thus, and ever more shall be so.
贾尔斯傲慢地承认,虽然这些“白痴”往往是非常聪明的人……由于这样或那样的原因,(他们)根本不明白他们所做或所说的后果。”他补充说,这可能源于“对他们的学术研究对现实世界的影响缺乏理解”(第167页)。这些言论的厚颜无耻,几乎是傲慢无礼,确实令人叹为观止,不属于适当的学术话语。这不过是在诽谤别人。通过释放这些尖刻的倒刺,贾尔斯的措辞只会加强俄罗斯对西方敌对态度和意图的怀疑,从而不知不觉地把自己变成了克里姆林宫的“有用的傻瓜”。(作者可以放心,这个描述不是故意侮辱,只是为了押头韵而使用)。至于他对俄西关系未来的最后预测,他进行了大量的调查,得出了一个惊人的结论:我们都可以期待更多相同的结果。也就是说:俄罗斯——不管这个国家的领导人是谁——将永远与西方保持对抗,而西方将继续把俄罗斯视为潜在的或实际的敌人。按照贾尔斯的说法,“过去如此,将来也将如此。”
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: Karolina Watroba: Mann’s Magic Mountain: World Literature and Closer Reading 书评:卡罗琳娜·沃特罗巴:曼的魔法山:世界文学与细读
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00472441231170054c
Osman Durrani
musicians’ decision to settle in the rural idyll of Forst in Lower Saxony, sometimes going into the granular detail of specific tracks. Yet, while most contributors rightly emphasise Krautrock’s musical innovativeness, Jens Balzer makes a powerful case for seeing it as a highly conservative movement, arguing it was almost exclusively dominated by white, heterosexual men with an upper-middle-class background, and often sought to cultivate and reappropriate German cultural traditions (reflected in the choice of such band names as Hölderlin, Novalis, and Ougenweide). Finally, in examining the legacy of Krautrock, Jeff Hayton traces the evolution of punk as it developed in West Germany in the late 1970s and early 1980s and its connections to Krautrock, noting that the generation against which punks were revolting was precisely the ’68ers (although surely not only them); Alexander Carpenter explores how, despite its ‘Teutonic heaviness’, the experimental aesthetic and anti-rock ethos of Krautrock helped shape the sound of British post-punk music; and in a fascinating chapter, Marcus Barnes investigates how Krautrock transcended Germany’s borders and (so to speak) travelled from Düsseldorf to Detroit and its musical nightclub scene of house, techno, hip-hop, etc., via the influence of free jazz. According to Mike Banks, Kraftwerk’s key track Nummern is nothing less than ‘the secret code of electronic funk’: it was ‘the perfect urban music because it was controlled chaos, and that’s exactly what we live in’ (cited p. 290). This remark clearly hints at Krautrock’s continuing relevance today, as does another aspect. For Barnes argues that the notion of ‘universal funk’ pervades Krautrock and the music it inspired, suggesting it shows how, ‘beyond superficial physical identity such as gender, nationality, racial categorisation, and other such limiting signifiers of identity, music is a vehicle for the human experience’ (p. 291). In this sense, then, Krautrock fully deserves the label of kosmische Musik that Rolf-Ulrich Kaiser introduced in the 1970s, and this confirms the link drawn – perhaps surprisingly – by Schütte in his introduction between the astral metaphor found in Arnold Schönberg’s string quartet no. 2, op. 10 (with its incorporation of a line from the poem Entrücking by the Symbolist poet Stefan George and its reference to ‘air from another planet’) and the ambition of Krautrock to produce music that is truly kosmisch, experimenting with ‘previously unheard, otherworldly sounds [. . .] not in a fantastic neverland or an unattainable, distant future, but here and now, as a harbinger of things to come’ (p. 11). As Louis Pattison recently observed in the online music publication Bandcamp Daily (in an article celebrating the continuing creativity and activity of many individuals associated with the genesis of this experimental movement some 50 years ago), ‘the pioneers of Krautrock are still chugging away’; and this excellent Companion should prove
音乐家们决定定居在下萨克森州福斯特的田园诗中,有时会深入到特定曲目的细节中。然而,尽管大多数贡献者正确地强调了克劳特罗克的音乐创新性,但延斯·巴尔泽(Jens Balzer)有力地证明了这是一场高度保守的运动,他认为这场运动几乎完全由具有中上阶层背景的白人异性恋男性主导,并经常寻求培养和重新利用德国文化传统(这反映在对Hölderlin、Novalis和Ougenweide等乐队名称的选择上)。最后,在考察克劳特罗克的遗产时,杰夫·海顿追溯了朋克在20世纪70年代末和80年代初在西德发展的演变及其与克劳特罗克之间的联系,指出朋克反抗的那一代正是68年代(尽管肯定不仅仅是他们);亚历山大·卡彭特(Alexander Carpenter)探讨了尽管有“条顿式的沉重感”,克劳特罗克的实验美学和反摇滚精神是如何帮助塑造英国后朋克音乐的声音的;在一个引人入胜的章节中,马库斯·巴恩斯(Marcus Barnes)调查了克劳特罗克(Krautrock)是如何超越德国边界,(可以说)通过自由爵士乐的影响,从杜塞尔多夫(Düsseldorf)来到底特律,以及那里的音乐夜总会,包括豪斯音乐、电子音乐、嘻哈音乐等。根据Mike Banks的说法,Kraftwerk的关键曲目《Nummern》无异于“电子放克的密码”:它是“完美的城市音乐,因为它受到了混乱的控制,这正是我们生活的地方”(引用第290页)。这句话清楚地暗示了克劳特罗克今天的持续相关性,另一个方面也是如此。巴恩斯认为,“普遍放克”的概念弥漫在克劳特罗克及其所激发的音乐中,这表明它表明,“除了性别、国籍、种族分类等肤浅的身体身份和其他身份的限制性能指之外,音乐是人类体验的载体”(第291页)。因此,从这个意义上说,克劳特罗克完全配得上罗尔夫·乌尔里希·凯撒在20世纪70年代引入的kosmiche Musik的标签,这证实了舒特在引入阿诺德·施恩伯格的弦乐四重奏《2号》中发现的星体隐喻之间的联系——也许令人惊讶——,op.10(其中融入了象征主义诗人斯特凡·乔治的诗歌《Entrücking》中的一句话,并提到了“来自另一个星球的空气”),以及克劳特罗克制作真正犹太音乐的雄心,他尝试了“以前闻所未闻的、超凡脱俗的声音[…]不是在一个梦幻般的仙境或遥不可及的遥远未来,而是在此时此地,作为未来事物的预兆”(第11页)。正如Louis Pattison最近在在线音乐出版物《Bandcamp Daily》上所观察到的那样(在一篇文章中,庆祝了大约50年前与这场实验运动的起源有关的许多人的持续创造力和活动),“克劳特罗克的先驱们仍在蹒跚前行”;对于任何希望探索或重新发现上半个世纪(或下半个世纪)Kraftwerk所说的“音乐永不停息”的人来说,这个优秀的伴侣应该是一个宝贵的资源。Boing Boom Tschak!
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引用次数: 1
Digital Europeanism and extending the literary Europeanist discourse: The Twitter feeds of @PulseofEurope and @mycountryeurope 数字欧洲主义和文学欧洲主义话语的延伸:@PulseofEurope和@mycountryeurope的推特推送
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00472441231172058
Fergal Lenehan, Roman Lietz
This article argues that the study of literary Europeanism should be extended to the discourse of wider textual Europeanism, understood here as a digital Europeanism that examines digital texts, in the widest sense, contextualised within the norms of digital culture. The texts emanating on the platform Twitter from two explicitly pro-European/pro-European Union accounts, one German-language and one largely (non-native) anglophone – @PulseofEurope and @mycountryeurope – were examined from 9 May 2021 to 9 November 2021. In evidence was a type of textual Europeanism that indeed owes a degree of coherence to the norms of digital culture. This was seen in relation to referentiality, that is, the use of already existing and circulating cultural materials for one’s own cultural production. This was evident in commented and uncommented retweets, social TV practices and the Europeanisation of Internet memes. The creation of a sense of communality – the way in which meanings can be stabilised, options for action generated and resources made accessible via a collectively supported frame of reference – is also in evidence and to be seen in the distinct discursive creation of an authoritarian ‘other’. This ‘other’ consists of a temporal ‘other’ – a small number of tweets relating to authoritarianisms of the past; an inner-European Union ‘other’ – tweets relating to movements towards authoritarianism within the European Union, especially in Hungary and Poland; and an external European Union other – tweets relating to authoritarianism on the European Union’s borders, especially in Belarus and Russia.
本文认为,文学欧洲主义的研究应该扩展到更广泛的文本欧洲主义的话语中,在这里被理解为一种数字欧洲主义,在最广泛的意义上,在数字文化规范的背景下审视数字文本。2021年5月9日至2021年11月9日,对推特平台上来自两个明确亲欧洲/亲欧盟的账户(一个德语账户和一个主要(非母语)讲英语的账户)的文本进行了审查。事实证明,文本欧洲主义确实在一定程度上与数字文化规范相一致。这与指称性有关,也就是说,将已经存在和流通的文化材料用于自己的文化生产。这一点在评论和未评论的转发、社交电视实践以及互联网模因的欧洲化中都很明显。共同感的创造——通过集体支持的参照系来稳定意义、产生行动选择和获取资源的方式——也在证据中,并可以在威权主义“他者”的独特话语创造中看到。这个“其他”由一个时间上的“其他”组成——少量与过去威权主义有关的推文;欧盟内部的“其他”——与欧盟内部,特别是匈牙利和波兰的威权主义运动有关的推文;以及欧盟外部的另一条推文——与欧盟边境的威权主义有关,尤其是在白俄罗斯和俄罗斯。
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引用次数: 0
Thomas Carlyle, François Guizot and the Brothers Ruffini: An unpublished letter 托马斯·卡莱尔,弗朗索瓦·基佐和鲁菲尼兄弟:一封未发表的信
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00472441231172062
Alexander Jordan
This article presents a letter from the great Victorian man of letters Thomas Carlyle (1795–1881) to François Guizot (1787–1874), the de facto premier of France, recently discovered in the Archives Nationales in Paris. In the letter, Carlyle requests Guizot’s help in procuring visas for two of his friends, the exiled Italian revolutionaries Giovanni and Agostino Ruffini, who were hoping to visit their mother in France. The letter serves as an entry point into a wider consideration of the relationships between Carlyle, Guizot and the brothers Ruffini, all of which have been overlooked in the existing scholarship on Carlyle. In particular, the article provides an English translation of Giovanni and Agostino’s significant accounts of their relations with Carlyle (and his wife Jane), originally written in Italian.
本文介绍了维多利亚时代伟大的文学家托马斯·卡莱尔(1795-1881)写给法国事实上的总理弗朗索瓦·基佐(1787-1874)的一封信,这封信最近在巴黎国家档案馆被发现。在信中,卡莱尔请求基佐帮助他的两个朋友——流亡的意大利革命家乔瓦尼和阿戈斯蒂诺·鲁菲尼——获得签证,他们希望去法国看望他们的母亲。这封信是一个切入点,可以更广泛地考虑卡莱尔、基佐和鲁菲尼兄弟之间的关系,这些关系在现有的关于卡莱尔的学术研究中都被忽视了。特别是,这篇文章提供了乔瓦尼和阿戈斯蒂诺对他们与卡莱尔(以及他的妻子简)关系的重要描述的英文翻译,最初是用意大利语写的。
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: Hanna Björg Sigurjónsdóttir and James G. Rice (eds): Understanding Disability Throughout History: Interdisciplinary Perspectives in Iceland from Settlement to 1936 书评:汉娜Björg Sigurjónsdóttir和詹姆斯·g·赖斯(编):理解残疾纵观历史:跨学科的观点在冰岛从定居到1936年
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00472441231170054f
Ozancan Bozkurt
different history of a country beyond the Ocean stamped on the genes’ (p. 175). Yet, contemporary Italian society is still reluctant to accept itself as multi-ethnic nation, as Patriarca shows in the last chapter. Despite the fact that racial equality is inscribed in the Italian Constitution, Italy is still a country that considers itself as white and prejudiced towards non-white Italians. The claim for a plural identity, Patriarca concludes, is key for a truly democratic Italy.
海洋之外一个国家的不同历史印在基因上(第175页)。然而,正如Patriarca在最后一章中所展示的那样,当代意大利社会仍然不愿意接受自己是一个多民族的国家。尽管种族平等已载入意大利宪法,但意大利仍然是一个认为自己是白人并对非白人意大利人抱有偏见的国家。Patriarca总结道,多元身份的主张是一个真正民主的意大利的关键。
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: Sven Hanuschek: Arno Schmidt: Biografie
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00472441231170054d
M. Minden
assessment of Mann’s methodology, which proves him to be less knowledgeable about the matters he discusses than he would appear to be. The average person finds the narrator ‘almost intimidatingly cultivated’ (p. 138), but this is merely a trap that Mann set for an easily browbeaten public. Watroba has little time for Hermann Kurzke’s eloquent if somewhat obscure characterisation of Mann’s ideal reader as ‘ein Bildungsbürger auf Abwegen, der sich nicht mehr mit den Interessen seiner Klasse identifiziert, aber auch keine andere Heimat findet’ (a cultivated bourgeois gone astray who no longer identifies with the interests of his class but has not found another home‘, cited p. 23). She sees things differently: ‘this self-indulgent spectacle of intellectual and cultural superiority ultimately draws so much attention to itself that The Magic Mountain ends up laying bare its own pretence’ (p. 139). Nowhere is this more obvious than in Castorp’s use of French, in which he displays greater fluency than Mann ever attained. The same applies to the prolonged, exceedingly wearying debates. Untutored readers are more likely to recognise their carefully staged artificiality than most scholars are willing to. Aware of the unequal distribution of cultural capital, Watroba reaches the sobering verdict that the novel is ‘all about feeling consigned to intellectual inferiority and passivity, and nevertheless trying to become intellectually independent and active, albeit with varying results’ (p. 154). A spark of hope may yet flicker on within the crepuscular world of the Berghof.
对曼恩方法论的评估,这证明他对所讨论的问题的了解不如他看起来的那么多。普通人发现叙述者“几乎受到了令人生畏的培养”(第138页),但这只是曼恩为一个容易受到恐吓的公众设下的陷阱。Watroba几乎没有时间听Hermann Kurzke对Mann的理想读者进行雄辩但有些晦涩的描述,称其为“在Bildungsbürger auf Abwegen,而不是在Interessen seiner Klasse identifieert,aber auch keine andere Heimat findet“(一个误入歧途的有教养的资产阶级,他不再认同自己阶级的利益,但没有找到另一个家”,引用第23页)。她对事情的看法不同:“这种自我放纵的智力和文化优越感最终引起了人们对自己的关注,以至于《魔法山》最终暴露了自己的伪装”(第139页)。这一点在卡斯托尔普对法语的使用中最为明显,在法语中,他表现出了比曼更流利的语言。同样的道理也适用于旷日持久、令人疲惫不堪的辩论。与大多数学者相比,未受过教育的读者更有可能认识到他们精心策划的人为行为。意识到文化资本的不平等分配,Watroba得出了一个发人深省的结论,即这部小说“完全是关于感觉被赋予了智识上的自卑和被动,尽管如此,尽管结果各不相同”(第154页)。希望的火花可能会在Berghof黄昏的世界里闪烁。
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: Silvana Patriarca: Race in Post-Fascist Italy: ‘War Children’ and the Color of the Nation 书评:西尔瓦娜·帕特里卡:后法西斯意大利的种族:“战争儿童”和国家的颜色
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/00472441231170054e
L. Paci
and warm account of the everyday reality of the Schmidts’ life, that conveys the tragic core of the Schmidtian experience of the world. This brings us to a third justification of the length of this volume. Because Schmidt did not fit in, he became a caricature of himself in the media world he heroically resisted. He was reduced to a cluster of cliches behind which he became invisible, and which may, superficially, have contributed to the public acclaim that was accorded him. Hanuschek reverses this. He re-humanises and reclaims Schmidt not only by the immense detail with which Arno and Alice’s way of life is described, even to the point of giving us Alice’s recipe for preparing dried mushrooms, but by relaying the care shown him by colleagues and publishers, especially Ernst Krawehl, but many others too. It is particularly laudable that Hanuschek pays a great deal of attention, presumably on the basis of original research in the archive, to the many readers, from all walks of life and levels of education, who loved Schmidt’s prose and wrote to him about it. Here is justification indeed of this volume and of Schmidt’s titanic efforts. Despite its Schmidt-appropriate length, the volume is very readable, both unpretentiously written and impeccably organised. The scholarly apparatus is reader-friendly: rather than one unified and massive bibliography, the endnotes to each chapter are preceded by the relevant references which, together with a comprehensive system of abbreviations, means that it takes only a moment to discover the source of a quotation or fact. The book itself is beautifully produced by Hanser.
以及对施密德一家日常生活现实的热情描述,传达了施密德式世界体验的悲剧核心。这就引出了本卷篇幅的第三个理由。因为施密特不适合,他在媒体界成了一个讽刺自己的人,他英勇地反抗。他被简化为一堆陈词滥调,在这些陈词滥调背后,他变得隐形了,从表面上看,这可能促成了公众对他的赞誉。哈努舍克扭转了这一局面。他不仅通过描述阿诺和爱丽丝的生活方式的巨大细节,甚至为我们提供了爱丽丝制作干蘑菇的食谱,还通过传达同事和出版商对施密特的关心,尤其是恩斯特·克拉维尔,以及其他许多人对施密特的关怀,重新塑造了施密特的人性。特别值得称赞的是,哈努舍克非常关注来自各行各业和教育水平的许多读者,他们喜欢施密特的散文,并就此写信给他。这本书和施密特的巨大努力确实是有道理的。尽管长度与施密特相当,但这本书可读性很强,既写得朴实无华,又组织得无可挑剔。学术工具对读者友好:不是一个统一而庞大的参考书目,而是每章的尾注前面都有相关的参考文献,再加上一个全面的缩写系统,这意味着只需一瞬间就能发现引文或事实的来源。这本书本身就是汉瑟精心制作的。
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引用次数: 0
An uncanny dialogue: Lev Shestov’s philosophy as the ‘great art’ of not seeing and Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic investigations of the unconscious mind 不可思议的对话:列夫·舍斯托夫的哲学是“伟大的艺术”,而西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的精神分析研究是无意识的
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-05-26 DOI: 10.1177/00472441231172061
Marie Ogden
Having become known as one of the most influential thinkers of the twentieth century, Lev Shestov (1866–1938) advanced his pioneering ideas in parallel to Freud’s development of psychoanalysis. Originating in his earlier works, his views of philosophy as art and the corresponding idea of the possibility of a fundamental, inner and creative transformation of one’s worldview found its further expression in his mature writings, in which his insight into the nature of other thinkers’ creativity took on a definitively active role in his philosophy. With the focus on the notion of the transformative capability of thought in Shestov’s writing and based on my archival research and translations, in this article, I explore the Kyiv-born philosopher’s ideas in dialogue with Freud’s psychoanalytical theory and in the context of the postmodern view of reality as a symbolical and multifaceted representation.
作为二十世纪最具影响力的思想家之一,列夫·舍斯托夫(Lev Shestov, 1866-1938)在弗洛伊德发展精神分析的同时,也提出了自己的开创性思想。在他早期的作品中,他将哲学视为艺术的观点,以及相应的世界观的根本、内在和创造性转变的可能性的观点,在他成熟的作品中得到了进一步的表达,在这些作品中,他对其他思想家创造力本质的洞察在他的哲学中发挥了决定性的积极作用。在这篇文章中,我将重点放在舍斯托夫作品中思想变革能力的概念上,并基于我的档案研究和翻译,在与弗洛伊德精神分析理论的对话中,在后现代现实观的背景下,作为一种象征和多方面的表现,我探索了这位基辅出生的哲学家的思想。
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引用次数: 1
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JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN STUDIES
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