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Are PMOs really that momentous for public authorities? PMO对公共当局来说真的那么重要吗?
IF 3.3 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-31 DOI: 10.12821/IJISPM050303
Siw Lundqvist
Project management offices (PMOs) are frequently referred to as necessary, or even indispensable, for carrying out projects in multi-project settings, which often occur in public authorities’ Information Technology (IT) projects; particularly in times of today’s sweeping digitalization. Hence, this research studied Swedish public authorities and their IT departments’ use of PMOs; a survey was directed to IT project managers. Findings showed that even though PMOs are commonly described as significant, those that applied PMOs were fewer than those that did not. This research searched for correlations between the existence of PMOs and 88 variables that resulted in relatively few, mostly weak correlations. A hypothesis test did not show significant association between PMOs’ usage and project models’ usage. The research contributions are principally that PMOs do not appear to be that significant after all for Swedish public authorities, and to have reasonable expectations on PMOs. For practice, the implications foremost concern the importance of understanding conceivable pros and cons.
项目管理办公室经常被认为是在多项目环境中执行项目所必需的,甚至是必不可少的,这通常发生在公共当局的信息技术项目中;尤其是在今天全面数字化的时代。因此,本研究研究研究了瑞典公共当局及其信息技术部门对PMO的使用情况;一项针对IT项目经理的调查。研究结果表明,尽管PMO通常被描述为重要的,但那些应用PMO的人比那些没有应用的人更少。这项研究寻找了PMO的存在与88个变量之间的相关性,这些变量导致的相关性相对较少,大多较弱。假设检验并未显示PMO的使用和项目模型的使用之间存在显著关联。研究贡献主要是,项目办对瑞典公共当局来说似乎没有那么重要,并且对项目办有合理的期望。对于实践来说,影响首先涉及理解可想象的利弊的重要性。
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引用次数: 2
Relativism in the Cloud: Cloud Sourcing in virtue of IS Development Outsourcing - A literature review 云中的相对主义:基于信息系统开发外包的云采购——文献综述
IF 3.3 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-31 DOI: 10.12821/IJISPM050404
B. Johansson, Mirella Muhic
Nowadays Cloud Computing and Cloud Sourcing is on the agenda in many organizations. Many Chief Information Officers (CIOs) that urge for alternatives to traditional outsourcing are interested in how they can take advantage from Cloud Computing, by sourcing Information Technology (IT) from the cloud. This paper provides an overview of the research direction of Cloud Sourcing in the IS field. A literature review based on selected papers from top Information Systems (IS) journals and conferences were conducted. Findings from the review indicate that the attention of Cloud Sourcing in IS literature has mainly been directed towards security and risk as well as adoption issues, and that Cloud Sourcing is claimed to be the next generation of outsourcing. Unfortunately, this is where this strong claim ends without any further evidence, which indicate that there is a need for more research on Cloud Sourcing, especially in the direction of investigating relationships and implications when organizations start using Cloud Sourcing.
如今,云计算和云采购已成为许多组织的议程。许多迫切希望寻求传统外包替代方案的首席信息官(CIO)都对如何通过从云中采购信息技术(IT)来利用云计算感兴趣。本文概述了云资源在信息系统领域的研究方向。根据来自顶级信息系统(IS)期刊和会议的精选论文进行了文献综述。审查结果表明,信息系统文献中对云采购的关注主要集中在安全和风险以及采用问题上,云采购被认为是下一代外包。不幸的是,这就是这种强有力的说法在没有任何进一步证据的情况下结束的地方,这表明有必要对云采购进行更多的研究,特别是在调查组织开始使用云采购时的关系和影响方面。
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引用次数: 7
Determinants of analytics-based managerial decisionmaking 基于分析的管理决策的决定因素
IF 3.3 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-31 DOI: 10.12821/ijispm060102
U. Thirathon, B. Wieder, Maria-Luise Ossimitz
This study investigates how managerial decision-making is influenced by Big Data analytics, analysts’ interaction skills and quantitative skills of senior and middle managers. The results of a cross-sectional survey of senior IT managers reveal that Big Data analytics (BDA) creates an incentive for managers to base more of their decisions on analytic insights. However, we also find that interaction skills of analysts and – even more so – managers’ quantitative skills are stronger drivers of analytics-based decision-making. Finally, our analysis reveals that, contrary to mainstream perceptions, managers in smaller organizations are more capable in terms of quantitative skills, and they are significantly more likely to base their decisions on analytics than managers in large organizations. Considering the important role of managers’ quantitative skills in leveraging analytic decision support, our findings suggest that smaller firms may owe some of their analytic advantages to the fact that they have managers who are closer to their analysts – and analytics more generally.
本研究调查了大数据分析、分析师的互动技能以及高级和中级管理人员的量化技能如何影响管理决策。一项针对高级IT经理的横断面调查结果显示,大数据分析(BDA)激励经理将更多决策建立在分析见解的基础上。然而,我们也发现,分析师的互动技能,甚至是经理的量化技能,是基于分析的决策的更强驱动力。最后,我们的分析表明,与主流看法相反,小型组织的经理在量化技能方面更有能力,而且他们比大型组织的经理更有可能基于分析做出决策。考虑到经理的定量技能在利用分析决策支持方面的重要作用,我们的研究结果表明,小型公司的一些分析优势可能归功于他们的经理更接近他们的分析师,以及更普遍的分析。
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引用次数: 7
Improving and embedding project management practice: generic or context dependent? 改进和嵌入项目管理实践:通用的还是上下文相关的?
IF 3.3 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.12821/ijispm070103
G. Fernandes, M. Araújo
Taking into account the contingency theory, this paper explores the extent to which key project management improvement initiatives and key embedding factors, identified in a previously developed conceptual framework, are dependent on organizational context, namely sector of activity, organization size, geographic area and project types. Therefore, aiming to guide professionals on making use of such framework in their organizations. Statistically significant contextual correlations were looked for in a worldwide sample of 793 questionnaire responses from project management professionals, using Principal Component Analysis, ANOVA test and post-hoc Tukey test. Context related differences found were limited, suggesting that the framework for improving and embedding project management practice is substantially generic. Therefore, the paper shows the explanatory power of the framework, which can be used by any organization independent of its sector of activity, dimension, geographic area and project types, however indicating the existence of slight differences. For example, Information Technology companies might give more relevance to initiatives such as corporate standardization and tailoring of project management processes tools and techniques than Engineering and Construction companies.
考虑到偶然性理论,本文探讨了在先前开发的概念框架中确定的关键项目管理改进举措和关键嵌入因素在多大程度上取决于组织背景,即活动部门、组织规模、地理区域和项目类型。因此,旨在指导专业人员在其组织中使用此类框架。使用主成分分析、ANOVA检验和事后Tukey检验,在来自项目管理专业人员的793份问卷答复的全球样本中寻找具有统计学意义的上下文相关性。发现的与上下文相关的差异是有限的,这表明改进和嵌入项目管理实践的框架基本上是通用的。因此,本文展示了该框架的解释力,任何组织都可以使用该框架,而不依赖于其活动部门、维度、地理区域和项目类型,但表明存在细微差异。例如,与工程和建筑公司相比,信息技术公司可能更重视项目管理流程工具和技术的企业标准化和定制等举措。
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引用次数: 4
Considering sustainability in projects: exploring the perspective of suppliers 考虑项目的可持续性:探索供应商的视角
IF 3.3 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.12821/ijispm060201
Rutger Peenstra, A. Silvius
Projects play an important role in the development towards a more sustainable society. Companies are integrating sustainability in their strategies, processes and actions. In the implementation of strategies, projects play an essential role. The relationship between sustainability and project management is therefore being addressed in a growing number of studies and publications and sustainability can be considered one of the recent trends in project management. However, there is still a gap between the literature on sustainability in project management and what is carried out in practice. A logical enabler for the consideration of sustainability in projects may be the demand of the client in the project, although the supplier’s strategy may also be an enabler of sustainability. This article therefore reports a study into the enablers of the integration of sustainability in projects as perceived by project suppliers. The study used Qmethodology to explore different subjective patterns of perceived enablers. Based on the factor analysis of 19 Q-sorts, we discovered three distinct patterns of enablers of the integration of sustainability, that we labelled as “Benefits driven”, “Demand and intrinsic motivation driven” and “Demand and Strategy driven”. As expected, the study found that for project suppliers, integrating sustainability in projects is strongly dependent on the demand and willingness of the customer to pay for sustainability. However, adoption of sustainability could also be a differentiator for suppliers. It should therefore be questioned whether a contractor should wait for the customer to ask for sustainability, or whether he should proactively take action himself.
项目在向更可持续的社会发展方面发挥着重要作用。公司正在将可持续性纳入其战略、流程和行动中。在战略的实施中,项目发挥着至关重要的作用。因此,越来越多的研究和出版物正在讨论可持续性与项目管理之间的关系,可持续性可被认为是项目管理的最近趋势之一。然而,关于项目管理中可持续性的文献与实践之间仍然存在差距。在项目中考虑可持续性的逻辑推动因素可能是项目中客户的需求,尽管供应商的战略也可能是可持续性的推动因素。因此,本文报告了一项关于项目供应商认为项目中可持续性整合的促成因素的研究。本研究使用q方法论来探索不同的主观模式的感知使能因素。基于19种q类型的因子分析,我们发现了可持续性整合的三种不同的推动因素模式,我们将其标记为“利益驱动”,“需求和内在动机驱动”和“需求和战略驱动”。正如预期的那样,研究发现,对于项目供应商来说,在项目中整合可持续性在很大程度上取决于客户为可持续性付费的需求和意愿。然而,采用可持续性也可能是供应商的一个区别。因此,应该质疑承包商是否应该等待客户要求可持续性,或者他是否应该主动采取行动。
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引用次数: 6
Decision-making to switch your ERP system: empirical Japanese evidence 转换ERP系统的决策:日本经验证据
IF 3.3 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.12821/ijispm060302
Tingting Huang
A huge research gap in ERP life cycle, the Decline stage, remains. Not only limited empirical evidence is found to support the Decline stage, but also, the existence of this stage is not acknowledged by the majority. On the other hand, because that the Decline stage is short of theory and data support, organizations which are or will be at this stage have little help to deal with what might happen. This research aims at proposing a practical decision model for organizations facing ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) switching/reversion. The process model of Rasmussen’s Cognitive Control of Decision Processes was adopted as the theory lens to construct the decision model. Based on the survey results from eighteen organizations, a descriptive model - A2O model - is proposed. This research fulfills the blank in the ERP life cycle, provides the empirical supports on exploring the critical issues, and enlightens vendors and consultants on product development and customer service.
ERP生命周期中仍然存在一个巨大的研究空白,即衰退阶段。不仅有有限的经验证据支持衰退阶段,而且大多数人也不承认这一阶段的存在。另一方面,由于衰退阶段缺乏理论和数据支持,处于或将处于这一阶段的组织几乎没有帮助来应对可能发生的事情。本研究旨在为面临ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning)转换/逆转的组织提供一个实用的决策模型。以拉斯穆森决策过程的认知控制过程模型为理论视角构建决策模型。基于18个组织的调查结果,提出了一个描述性模型——A2O模型。本研究填补了ERP生命周期中的空白,为探索关键问题提供了实证支持,并对供应商和咨询师的产品开发和客户服务提供了启示。
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引用次数: 1
Using a coach to improve team performance when the team uses a Kanban process methodology 当团队使用看板流程方法时,使用教练来提高团队绩效
IF 3.3 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.12821/ijispm070204
Ivan Shamshurin, J. Saltz
Teams are increasing their use of the Kanban process methodology across a range of information system projects, including software development and data science projects. While the use of Kanban is growing, little has been done to explore how to improve team performance for teams that use Kanban. One possibility is to introduce a Kanban Coach (KC). This work reports on exploring the use of a Kanban Coach, with respect to both how the coach could interact with the team as well as how the use of a coach impacts team results. Specifically, this paper reports on an experiment where teams either had, or did not have, a Kanban Coach. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data collected during the experiment found that introducing KC led to significant improvement of team performance. Coordination Theory and Shared Mental Models were then employed to provide an explanation as to why a KC leads to better project results. While this experiment was done within a data science project context, the results are likely applicable across a range of information system projects.
团队正在一系列信息系统项目中增加看板过程方法的使用,包括软件开发和数据科学项目。虽然看板的使用越来越多,但很少有人探索如何提高使用看板的团队的团队绩效。一种可能性是引入看板教练(KC)。这项工作报告了看板教练的使用,包括教练如何与团队互动,以及教练的使用如何影响团队结果。具体来说,本文报道了一个实验,在这个实验中,球队要么有,要么没有看板教练。对实验期间收集的数据进行定量和定性分析发现,引入KC可以显著提高团队绩效。然后采用协调理论和共享心理模型来解释为什么KC会带来更好的项目结果。虽然这项实验是在数据科学项目的背景下进行的,但其结果可能适用于一系列信息系统项目。
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引用次数: 10
How Digital Transformation affects Enterprise Architecture Management – a case study 数字化转型如何影响企业架构管理——一个案例研究
IF 3.3 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.12821/ijispm060301
Kaidalova Julia, Sandkuhl Kurt, Seigerroth Ulf
Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning, cyber-physical systems and other recent technological innovations offer new opportunities for enterprises in the context of Digital Transformation (DT) but also cause new challenges for Enterprise Architecture Management (EAM), which traditionally deals with enterprise-IT planning and coordination. Based on an industrial case of a power garden products manufacturer that is exploring potentials and facing challenges in DT, this article investigates the integration of product-IT into EAM. Product-IT includes the embedded IT-systems in physical products and services, components for operations, maintenance or evaluation purposes. In this article we discuss product-IT and enterprise-IT integration in the context of EAM observed in the industrial practice. The main contributions are (1) positioning of the product-IT in the field of EAM, and (2) identification of the challenges from real-world case regarding integration of product-IT into EAM.
物联网(IoT)、机器学习、网络物理系统和其他最近的技术创新为数字化转型(DT)背景下的企业提供了新的机会,但也给企业架构管理(EAM)带来了新的挑战,而企业架构管理传统上处理企业it规划和协调。本文以某动力园林产品制造企业为例,探讨了产品it与EAM的集成。产品it包括物理产品和服务中的嵌入式it系统,以及用于操作、维护或评估目的的组件。在本文中,我们将讨论在工业实践中观察到的EAM背景下的产品it和企业it集成。主要的贡献有:(1)产品it在EAM领域的定位,以及(2)识别关于将产品it集成到EAM中的现实案例中的挑战。
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引用次数: 30
Performance measurement of complex project: framework and means supporting management of project-based organizations 复杂项目的绩效衡量:支持项目组织管理的框架和手段
IF 3.3 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.12821/ijispm070202
Eryk Glodzinski
Performance management and measurement enable to improve strategy implementation and increase organizational competitiveness. The literature review and desk research confirm that the design of a performance system is an issue because of the redefinition of project environment conditions and complexity of 4P. The system should be continuously developed during exploitation. Main objectives of the paper are to propose a framework of project performance measurement and a set of measures that could be applied in project-based organizations. The assessment proposal is the result of a literature review and qualitative empirical studies, interviews, and participatory observations. The framework considers performance assessment of the project and its context, including benefits occurring outside the project – on the program, project portfolio, and project-based organization levels – but being the result of project execution. The framework incorporates in project performance assessment the simultaneous and supplementary utilization of quantitative and qualitative measures, financial and non-financial measures that describe various fields of evaluation: finance, production, procurement, product quality, social, marketing of a product, legal, natural environment, client, and other stakeholders’ satisfaction.
绩效管理和衡量能够改善战略实施,提高组织竞争力。文献综述和案头研究证实,由于项目环境条件的重新定义和4P的复杂性,绩效体系的设计是一个问题。在开发过程中,系统应不断发展。本文的主要目的是提出一个项目绩效衡量框架和一套可应用于项目型组织的措施。评估建议是文献综述和定性实证研究、访谈和参与性观察的结果。该框架考虑了项目及其环境的绩效评估,包括发生在项目之外的利益——在计划、项目组合和基于项目的组织层面上——但作为项目执行的结果。该框架在项目绩效评估中结合了定量和定性措施、财务和非财务措施的同时和补充利用,这些措施描述了评估的各个领域:财务、生产、采购、产品质量、产品的社会、营销、法律、自然环境、客户和其他利益相关者的满意度。
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引用次数: 11
Governance, governmentality and project performance: the role of sovereignty 治理、治理和项目绩效:主权的作用
IF 3.3 Q3 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2022-01-27 DOI: 10.12821/ijispm070201
R. Müller
Considerable confusion prevails in the mutual positioning and relationship of concepts like management, leadership, governance and governmentality in projects. This article first develops a framework to distinguish these terms conceptually by use of Archer’s structure and human agency philosophy. This provides for clearer conceptualization and lesser redundancy in the use of terms. Then the interaction between governance and governmentality in the context of projects is assessed, using a contingency theory perspective. This addresses long-standing questions about the nature of the impact of governance and governmentality on each other and on project and organizational performance. The results show that higher levels of project sovereignty (as a measure of governance), are associated with lower levels of authoritarian, but higher levels of neo-liberal governmentality, as well as higher levels of project and organizational performance. The article continues with a discussion of the theoretical implications from different perspectives of causality, which provides for different approaches to improve project performance through deliberate fine-tuning of governance and governmentality.
在项目中,管理、领导、治理和治理等概念的相互定位和关系相当混乱。本文首先运用阿彻的结构和人的能动性哲学,建立了一个概念上区分这两个术语的框架。这提供了更清晰的概念化和更少的术语使用冗余。然后,利用权变理论的视角,评估了项目背景下治理与治理之间的相互作用。这解决了关于治理和治理对彼此以及对项目和组织绩效的影响的本质的长期存在的问题。结果表明,较高水平的项目主权(作为治理的一种衡量标准)与较低水平的威权主义有关,但与较高水平的新自由主义治理有关,以及较高水平的项目和组织绩效。本文继续从因果关系的不同角度讨论理论含义,这提供了通过精心调整治理和治理来改进项目绩效的不同方法。
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引用次数: 11
期刊
IJISPM-International Journal of Information Systems and Project Management
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