Enfermeria Intensiva最新文献_第6页

Decúbito prono en pacientes COVID-19 con síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo y ventilación mecánica invasiva 新型冠状病毒急性呼吸窘迫综合征和有创机械通气患者的俯卧

IF 1.3 Q2 Nursing

Enfermeria Intensiva

Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfi.2022.09.002

E. Barja-Martínez RN, MSc , S. García-González RN , E. Jiménez-García RN, MSc , I.J. Thuissard-Vasallo MSc, PhD , S. Arias-Rivera RN, MSc, PhDc , S. Blanco-Abril RN, MSc, PhD

Objective

To identify adverse events related to prone positioning in COVID-19 patients with severe disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome, to analyze the risk factors associated with the development of anterior pressure ulcers, to determine whether the recommendation of prone positioning is associated with improved clinical outcomes.

Methods

Retrospective study performed in 63 consecutive patients with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to intensive care unit on invasive mechanical ventilation and treated with prone positioning between March and April 2020. Association between prone-related pressure ulcers and selected variables was explored by the means of logistic regression.

Results

A total of 139 proning cycles were performed. The mean number of cycles were 2 [1-3] and the mean duration per cycle was of 22 hours [15-24]. The prevalence of adverse events this population was 84.9%, being the physiologic ones (i.e., hypo/hypertension) the most prevalent. 29 out of 63 patients (46%) developed prone-related pressure ulcers. The risk factors for prone-related pressure ulcers were older age, hypertension, levels of pre-albumin < 21 mg/dL, the number of proning cycles and severe disease. We observed a significant increase in the PaO2/FiO2 at different time points during the prone positioning, and a significant decrease after it.

Conclusions

There is a high incidence of adverse events due to PD, with the physiological type being the most frequent. The identification of the main risk factors for the development of prone-related pressure ulcers will help to prevent the occurrence of these lesions during the prone positioning. Prone positioning offered an improvement in the oxygenation in these patients.

目的确定新冠肺炎重症急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者与俯卧位相关的不良事件，分析与前压疮发展相关的危险因素，确定俯卧位的建议是否与改善临床结果相关。方法对2020年3月至4月间连续63例入住重症监护室进行有创机械通气并采用俯卧位治疗的新冠肺炎肺炎患者进行回顾性研究。采用逻辑回归方法探讨了俯卧相关性压疮与所选变量之间的相关性。结果共进行了139次内旋周期。平均循环次数为2[1-3]，每个循环的平均持续时间为22小时[15-24]。该人群不良事件的发生率为84.9%，其中生理性不良事件（即低血压/高血压）最为普遍。63名患者中有29名（46%）出现了与俯卧相关的压疮。易发性相关压疮的危险因素是年龄较大、高血压、前白蛋白水平<；21mg/dL、旋前周期数和严重疾病。我们观察到，在俯卧姿势的不同时间点，PaO2/FiO2显著增加，之后显著降低。结论PD引起的不良事件发生率很高，其中生理类型最为常见。确定发生俯卧相关压疮的主要危险因素将有助于预防俯卧位期间这些病变的发生。俯卧位改善了这些患者的氧合。

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引用次数: 2

El traspaso de información en los cambios de turno de enfermeras en Unidades de Cuidados Críticos 重症监护室护士轮班变化中的信息传递

IF 1.3 Q2 Nursing

Enfermeria Intensiva

Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfi.2022.02.002

C. Morán-Pozo RN, MSN , P. Luna-Castaño RN, MSN, PHD

Aim

To know the characteristics of the handover performed by nurses working in Critical Care Units in Spain.

Methods

Descriptive and cross-sectional study, whose population was nurses working in Critical Care Units in Spain. An ad hoc questionnaire was used to explore the characteristics of the process, the training received, the information forgotten and the influence of this activity on patient care. The questionnaire was online and dissemination was done through social networks. The sample was selected by convenience. A descriptive analysis was performed according to the nature of the variables and comparison of groups through ANOVA with R software version 4.0.3 (R Project for Statistical Computing).

Results

The sample was 420 nurses. Most of them answered that (79,5%) perform this activity in an individual way, from outgoing nurse to incoming nurse. Location varied according to the size of the unit (P< 0,05). Interdisciplinary handover was rare (P<.05). In the last month, with regard to the time of data collection, 29,5% had to contact the unit due to forgetting relevant information, using WhatsApp as the first channel to transmit this information.

Conclusions

There is a lack of standardization in the handoff between shifts, in terms of the physical space where it is done, tools to structure the information, participation of other professionals and the use of unofficial communication channels to contact for omitted information during the handover. Shift change was identified as a vital process to ensure continuity of care and patient safety, so further researchs are important for patients handoffs.

目的了解西班牙重症监护病房护士交接工作的特点。方法描述性和横断面研究，研究对象为西班牙重症监护室护士。使用了一份临时问卷来探讨这一过程的特点、接受的培训、遗忘的信息以及这一活动对患者护理的影响。问卷是在线的，通过社交网络进行传播。样品的选择很方便。采用R软件4.0.3版（R Project for Statistical Computing）进行方差分析，根据变量性质和分组比较进行描述性分析。他们中的大多数人回答说（79.5%）以个人的方式进行这项活动，从离职护士到入职护士。位置根据单元的大小而变化（P<；0,05）。跨学科的交接是罕见的（P<；.05）。在上个月，关于数据收集的时间，29.5%的人由于忘记了相关信息而不得不联系单位，使用WhatsApp作为第一个传输这些信息的渠道。结论轮班之间的交接在物理空间、构建信息的工具、其他专业人员的参与以及在交接期间使用非官方沟通渠道联系遗漏的信息方面缺乏标准化。换班被认为是确保护理连续性和患者安全的重要过程，因此进一步的研究对患者换班很重要。

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引用次数: 0

Análisis bibliométrico de los artículos originales de la revista EnfermeríaIntensiva durante el período 2001-2020 2001-2020年《重症监护》杂志原创文章的文献计量学分析

IF 1.3 Q2 Nursing

Enfermeria Intensiva

Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfi.2022.02.003

J.M. Estrada-Lorenzo PhD , C. Martín-Arriscado Arroba MD , C. López-López RN, PhD

Introduction

Bibliometric analysis allow the quantitative evaluation of the characteristics of a scientific publication.

Objective

To perform a bibliometric analysis of original articles in the journal EnfermeríaIntensiva from 2001 to 2020.

Results

The journal EnfermeríaIntensiva has published, between 2001 and 2020, 438 works, of which 259 are original articles (59.1%). These original articles are mostly quantitative studies (76.1%), with an average of 30.5 bibliographic references (SD 13.9), 4.9 citations (SD 1.7) in the Web of Science and Scopus repertoires, and 15,489.5 visits/downloads (median 9,090 and interquartile range 4,567-15,260) according to information on the magazine's website. These originals have been signed by 1,345 authors, which represents a collaboration index of 5.2 (SD 0.7). A percentage of 78.0 of the authors are sporadic, having published only one work. Most of the articles come from authors who work in institutionally located in hospitals and university centers, and geographically in the communities of Madrid, Cataluña, Navarra and Andalucía.

Conclusions

There is little international, regional and institutional collaboration, producing the highest level of collaboration between authors from the same center. The journal has established itself in the panorama of scientific nursing research in Spain and shows bibliometric indicators similar or even superior to other publications in its environment.

引言文献计量分析允许对科学出版物的特征进行定量评估。目的对《EnfermeríaIntensiva》杂志2001年至2020年的原创文章进行文献计量分析，根据该杂志网站上的信息，《科学网》和Scopus目录中的引用次数为4.9次（SD 1.7），访问次数/下载次数为15489.5次（中位数9090次，四分位间距4567-15260次）。这些原件有1345位作者签名，这代表了5.2的合作指数（SD 0.7）。78.0的作者是零星的，只发表了一部作品。大多数文章来自于在医院和大学中心的机构工作的作者，以及在马德里、加泰罗尼亚、纳瓦拉和安达卢西亚社区工作的作者。结论几乎没有国际、区域和机构合作，来自同一中心的作者之间的合作水平最高。该杂志已成为西班牙护理科学研究的全景，其文献计量指标与所在环境中的其他出版物相似，甚至优于其他出版物。

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引用次数: 0

A comparison of nurses and elderly patients’ perceptions of caring behaviors in intensive care units 重症监护病房护士与老年患者对护理行为认知的比较。

IF 1.3 Q2 Nursing

Enfermeria Intensiva

Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfi.2022.04.002

S.E. Asadi MS, RN , M. Khademi PhD, RN , S. Yarahmadi PhD student, RN , F. Ebrahimzadeh PhD , E. Mohammadi PhD, RN

Objective

Differences in patients and nurses’ perceptions of caring behaviors arouse patient dissatisfaction. Continuous monitoring and assessment of caring behaviors has revealed its problems, and this in turn would promote care services by planning rational interventions and removing the problems. The present study aimed to compare nurses and elderly patients’ perceptions of nurses’ caring behaviors in intensive care units in accordance with Watson's transpersonal caring theory.

Methods

In this descriptive-analytical study, 70 nurses were selected using the census method, and 70 elderly patients over 60 years old were also selected using purposive sampling method from the intensive care units of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences during 2012–2013. Caring Behavior Inventory for Elders (CBI-E) was adopted in this research to detect the nurses and elderly patients’ perceptions of caring behaviors. In the data analysis phase, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U, and Pearson correlation tests were used.

Results

The research findings revealed no statistically significant difference between the total scores of nurses’ 83.80 (22.93), 95% CI [78.40, 89.20] and elderly patients’ 80.09 (26.00), 95% CI [74, 86.20] perception of nurses’ caring behaviors (P = 0.379). From the viewpoint of the nurses and elderly patients, responding quickly to a patient's call 100.00 (0.00), 95% CI [100.00, 100.00] had the highest mean scores and patient participation in caring process had the lowest mean scores among nurses 22.86 (33.71), 95% CI [15.00, 30.80] and elderly patients 14.29 (28.41), 95% CI [7.63, 20.90].

Conclusion

This study indicated the elderlies and nurses’ similar perceptions of caring behaviors in intensive care units. This finding would help nurses to recognize and prioritize the elderly patients’ care needs, thereby promoting the quality of care services.

目的患者与护士对护理行为认知的差异引起患者的不满。对护理行为的持续监测和评估揭示了其存在的问题，这反过来又会通过规划合理的干预措施和消除问题来促进护理服务。本研究旨在比较重症监护室护士和老年患者对护士护理行为的认知，并依据Watson的超个人护理理论进行研究。方法采用描述性分析方法，选取2012-2013年洛雷斯坦医科大学重症监护病房的70名护士和70名60岁以上的老年患者，采用目的抽样方法进行研究。本研究采用长者护理行为量表(CBI-E)来检测护理人员和老年患者对护理行为的认知。在数据分析阶段，采用Kruskal-Wallis、Mann-Whitney U和Pearson相关检验。结果研究结果显示，护士对护理行为感知总分83.80分(22.93分)，95% CI[78.40, 89.20分]与老年患者对护理行为感知总分80.09分(26.00分)，95% CI[74, 86.20分]差异无统计学意义(P = 0.379)。从护士和老年患者的角度来看，护士对患者呼叫的反应速度为100.00 (0.00)，95% CI[100.00, 100.00]的平均得分最高，患者参与护理过程的平均得分最低，分别为22.86 (33.71)，95% CI[15.00, 30.80]和14.29 (28.41)，95% CI[7.63, 20.90]。结论本研究显示老年人与护士对重症监护病房护理行为的认知相似。这一发现有助于护士认识和优先考虑老年患者的护理需求，从而提高护理服务质量。

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引用次数: 0

LA COMUNICACIÓN 360° EN LAS UNIDADES DE CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS: RETOS Y OPORTUNIDADES DE LAS ENFERMERAS 重症监护室的360°沟通：护士的挑战和机遇

IF 1.3 Q2 Nursing

Enfermeria Intensiva

Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfi.2023.04.001

Mónica Vázquez-Calatayud , Hildegart González-Luis

引用次数: 0

¿LAS ENFERMERAS ESTÁN PREPARADAS PARA EJERCER EL LIDERAZGO CLÍNICO EN LAS UNIDADES DE CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS? 护士们准备好在重症监护室发挥临床领导作用了吗？

IF 1.3 Q2 Nursing

Enfermeria Intensiva

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfi.2023.01.001

Mónica Vázquez-Calatayud PhD , Raquel García-García MSc

引用次数: 2

Minimizar el volumen de descarte para la extracción de muestras sanguíneas en los pacientes críticos: ¿es factible? 最大限度地减少危重患者采血样本的丢弃量：可行吗？

IF 1.3 Q2 Nursing

Enfermeria Intensiva

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfi.2022.06.004

F.J. Castro-Olmo RN , P. Morales-Fernández RN , M.J. Alcaide-Martín PhD , B. Fernández-Puntero PhD , M. Quintana-Díaz PhD , V. Aceña-Gil Msc

Introduction

Drawing blood samples through a central venous catheter is a customary practice in intensive care units. It is indicated to discard a volume of waste blood to avoid interference in the results.

Aim

To determine whether a lower discard volume for obtaining blood samples from temporary central venous catheters placed into the internal jugular, femoral or subclavian vein offers valid results.

Method

A quasi-experimental prospective cross-sectional study for which 65 patients of over 18 years of age in intensive care units, who had been fitted with a triple lumen central venous catheter, were recruited over a period of 8 months. Two consecutive blood samples were extracted with tubes for biochemistry, coagulation and haemogram from each patient from the distal lumen. The first sample was obtained with a discarded waste of 1.5 ml from a total extracted volume of 10.2 ml, similar to the usual waste in our ambit (10 ml). Subsequently the second sample was obtained. The paired t-test was used to analyse the data. The Bland-Altman plot and intraclass correlation coefficient were used to measure the agreement between methods. The reference change value was established as the admissible limit of variation between the pairs of samples.

Results

A total of 65 sample pairs were drawn (intervention-control). The paired t-test found statistically significant differences with a significance level of α = 0.05 for chlorine (−0.536; 0.012); prothrombin time (−0.092; 0.019) and prothrombin activity (0.284; 1.375). The intraclass correlation coefficient was greater than 0.9 in all the variables and the limit determined for the reference change value was not surpassed by any value.

Conclusions

The results show the reliability of the blood samples drawn with a discard volume of 1.5 ml.

引言通过中心静脉导管抽取血液样本是重症监护室的惯例。指示丢弃一定体积的废血以避免干扰结果。目的确定从颈内静脉、股静脉或锁骨下静脉放置的临时中心静脉导管中获取血液样本的较低丢弃量是否能提供有效的结果。方法一项准实验性前瞻性横断面研究，在8个月的时间内招募了65名18岁以上的重症监护室患者，他们安装了三腔中心静脉导管。用试管从每个患者的远端管腔提取两个连续的血液样本，用于生物化学、凝血和血象。第一个样品是从10.2毫升的总提取体积中用1.5毫升的废弃废物获得的，类似于我们环境中的常见废物（10毫升）。随后获得第二个样品。配对t检验用于分析数据。Bland-Altman图和组内相关系数用于测量方法之间的一致性。参考变化值被确定为成对样本之间的容许变化极限。结果共抽取65对样本（干预对照组）。配对t检验发现具有统计学意义的差异，氯的显著性水平为α=0.05（−0.536；0.012）；凝血酶原时间（−0.092；0.019）和凝血酶原活性（0.284；1.375）。所有变量的组内相关系数均大于0.9，参考变化值的限值未被任何值超过。结论废弃体积为1.5ml的血液样品具有可靠性。

{"title":"Minimizar el volumen de descarte para la extracción de muestras sanguíneas en los pacientes críticos: ¿es factible?","authors":"F.J. Castro-Olmo RN , P. Morales-Fernández RN , M.J. Alcaide-Martín PhD , B. Fernández-Puntero PhD , M. Quintana-Díaz PhD , V. Aceña-Gil Msc","doi":"10.1016/j.enfi.2022.06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfi.2022.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Drawing blood samples through a central venous catheter is a customary practice in intensive care units. It is indicated to discard a volume of waste blood to avoid interference in the results.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To determine whether a lower discard volume for obtaining blood samples from temporary central venous catheters placed into the internal jugular, femoral or subclavian vein offers valid results.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A quasi-experimental prospective cross-sectional study for which 65 patients of over 18 years of age in intensive care units, who had been fitted with a triple lumen central venous catheter, were recruited over a period of 8 months. Two consecutive blood samples were extracted with tubes for biochemistry, coagulation and haemogram from each patient from the distal lumen. The first sample was obtained with a discarded waste of 1.5ml from a total extracted volume of 10.2ml, similar to the usual waste in our ambit (10ml). Subsequently the second sample was obtained. The paired t-test was used to analyse the data. The Bland-Altman plot and intraclass correlation coefficient were used to measure the agreement between methods. The reference change value was established as the admissible limit of variation between the pairs of samples.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 65 sample pairs were drawn (intervention-control). The paired t-test found statistically significant differences with a significance level of α=0.05 for chlorine (−0.536; 0.012); prothrombin time (−0.092; 0.019) and prothrombin activity (0.284; 1.375). The intraclass correlation coefficient was greater than 0.9 in all the variables and the limit determined for the reference change value was not surpassed by any value.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The results show the reliability of the blood samples drawn with a discard volume of 1.5ml.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43993,"journal":{"name":"Enfermeria Intensiva","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49794663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

«Gestión de enfermeras/os especializados en la aeroevacuación de pacientes críticos altamente infecciosos, durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Revisión Sistemática» “在新型冠状病毒大流行期间，管理专门从事高度传染性危重患者空中疏散的护士/操作系统。系统审查”

IF 1.3 Q2 Nursing

Enfermeria Intensiva

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfi.2021.11.002

V. Leiva-Miranda RN , B. Arriagada-Tirado RN , J.C. San Martín-Díaz RN , L. Carmona-Schonffeldt RN , B. Fuentes-Trujillo RN , G. La Rosa-Araya MD , C. Fau-Fuentes MD , V. Nasabun-Flores RN

Introduction

Aeromedical evacuation missions to transport highly infectious critical COVID-19 patients involve multiple factors, therefore planning is essential in their preparation. The management of specialist nurses is cross-cutting, as they participate in the planning, organisation and implementation of aero-evacuation protocols, delivery of care and operational safety procedures throughout the operation, with an integrated aeromedical crew working as a team alongside the air crew.

Objective

To study the management of nurses specialised in the aero-evacuation of highly infectious critical patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design

Through a systematic search of the biomedical literature, this study was conducted according to the standards of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and PRISMA. The literature search included articles published from 2019 to August 2020 and meta-search engines, yielding a total of 142 articles, and a triangulation of information was performed. A total of 11 articles were eventually included in the review, and the validity of each article was determined according to the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute level of evidence.

Results and discussion

The systematic review identified 11 studies that use different methodological considerations for conducting an aeromedical evacuation and covering key aspects for a successful operation.

Conclusion

The management of specialist nurses has a direct impact on the aeromedical evacuation of the critical patient. It covers planning, organisation, and operational safety, applied in the instruction, training, execution and strict monitoring of the work of the aeromedical crew as a solid team. This contributes to the success of the aero-evacuation mission and the infectious patient's high likelihood of survival during the COVID-19 pandemic.

简介运送传染性极强的新冠肺炎危重患者的航空医疗后送任务涉及多个因素，因此规划对其准备至关重要。专业护士的管理是跨领域的，因为他们在整个行动中参与航空疏散协议的规划、组织和实施、护理和操作安全程序，综合航空医疗机组人员与机组人员一起作为一个团队工作。目的探讨新冠肺炎大流行期间高传染性危重症患者的专业化通气护理管理。设计通过对生物医学文献的系统检索，本研究按照《Cochrane干预措施系统评价手册》和PRISMA的标准进行。文献搜索包括2019年至2020年8月发表的文章和元搜索引擎，共产生142篇文章，并对信息进行了三角测量。最终共有11篇文章被纳入审查，每篇文章的有效性都是根据乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的证据水平指南确定的。结果和讨论系统综述确定了11项研究，这些研究在进行航空医疗后送时使用了不同的方法考虑因素，并涵盖了成功手术的关键方面。结论专科护士的管理直接影响危重病人的空中医疗后送。它涵盖了计划、组织和操作安全，适用于航空医疗机组人员作为一个坚实团队的指导、培训、执行和严格监控工作。这有助于在新冠肺炎大流行期间成功执行航空后送任务，并提高感染患者的存活率。

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引用次数: 1

Intervenciones para el eczema de manos 手部湿疹的干预措施

IF 1.3 Q2 Nursing

Enfermeria Intensiva

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfi.2022.11.001

M.T. González-Gil RN, MsC, PhD , M.M. Sánchez Sánchez RN, MsC

引用次数: 0

Fatiga por compasión y ansiedad en enfermeras de cuidados críticos y emergencias. Entre eficiencia y humanidad 重症监护和急诊护士的同情和焦虑疲劳。效率与人性之间

IF 1.3 Q2 Nursing

Enfermeria Intensiva

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfi.2022.02.001

E. Arimon-Pagès (RN, MSc, PhD) , P. Fernández-Ortega (RN, MSc, PhD) , J. Torres-Puig-Gros (MD, MSc, PhD) , J. Canela-Soler (MD, MSc, PhD)

Objectives

To determine the emotional impact of permanent proximity to trauma and death in the Emergency and ICU's nurses establishing prevalence of Compassionate Fatigue (burnout and secondary traumatic stress) and anxiety. Analyze its relationship with sociodemographic, training, workplace and psychological variables.

Methods

Descriptive, cross-sectional and multicentre study. The validated ProQOL v.IV and STAI scales and an ad-hoc questionnaire with the variables of the second objective were used in 710 nurses from nine highly complex hospitals in Catalonia (Spain).

Results

In both units, the prevalence of professionals affected with high scores of burnout was higher than 20%, on secondary traumatic stress was 30%, and 12% on anxiety. Each subscale was significantly associated with the intention to leave units and the career. 97% of participants stated that they needed to be trained in emotional management.

Conclusion

The prevalence of burnout and secondary traumatic stress were higher in our study than those offered in the reference literature in emergency and ICU nurses. The prevalence of each construct was individually related to the desire to leave work units and career. This fact, together with the participants’ desire to be better trained in emotional management exposes the need to establish educational plans, as well as institutional measures to prevent and support nurses for Compassion Fatigue.

目的确定急诊和重症监护室护士永久性接近创伤和死亡的情绪影响，确定同情性疲劳（倦怠和继发性创伤压力）和焦虑的患病率。分析其与社会人口、培训、工作场所和心理变量的关系。方法描述性、横断面和多中心研究。使用经验证的ProQOL v.IV和STAI量表，以及一份包含第二个目标变量的特别问卷，对来自加泰罗尼亚（西班牙）九家高度复杂医院的710名护士进行了调查。每个分量表都与离职意愿和职业生涯显著相关。97%的参与者表示他们需要接受情绪管理方面的培训。结论本研究中急诊和ICU护士的倦怠和继发性创伤应激发生率高于参考文献。每种结构的普遍性都与离开工作单位和职业的愿望单独相关。这一事实，再加上参与者希望在情绪管理方面得到更好的培训，暴露了制定教育计划的必要性，以及预防和支持护士同情疲劳的制度措施。

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引用次数: 1