Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.2174/1573398x18666220901141351
R. Pandey, Riya Mukherjee, Chung-Ming Chang
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV 2) has become a global threat that has led to tremendous societal instability. The SARS-CoV- 2 is capable in exhibiting a drastic variation in terms of the signs and symptoms in the patient’s body. This virus manifests its existence through cough, fever, sore throat, body aches, chest pain, headaches, dyspnoea. These can lead to life-threatening respiratory insufficiency, thereby affecting several other organs such as the kidney, heart, lungs, liver, and nervous system. The lungs are the primary target site for SARS-CoV 2, and several diagnoses are being deployed in real time for treatment purposes. Although chest CT is the standard method for early diagnosis and management of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), lung ultrasound (US) has some merits over chest CT and may be used in addition to it in the workup of COVID-19. The goal of our review is to look at the observations of the reports on lung ultrasound in COVID-19 patients and the current advances.
{"title":"COVID-19: Recent Advances in Lung Ultrasound-","authors":"R. Pandey, Riya Mukherjee, Chung-Ming Chang","doi":"10.2174/1573398x18666220901141351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573398x18666220901141351","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV 2) has become a global threat that has led to tremendous societal instability. The SARS-CoV- 2 is capable in exhibiting a drastic variation in terms of the signs and symptoms in the patient’s body. This virus manifests its existence through cough, fever, sore throat, body aches, chest pain, headaches, dyspnoea. These can lead to life-threatening respiratory insufficiency, thereby affecting several other organs such as the kidney, heart, lungs, liver, and nervous system. The lungs are the primary target site for SARS-CoV 2, and several diagnoses are being deployed in real time for treatment purposes.\u0000Although chest CT is the standard method for early diagnosis and management of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), lung ultrasound (US) has some merits over chest CT and may be used in addition to it in the workup of COVID-19. The goal of our review is to look at the observations of the reports on lung ultrasound in COVID-19 patients and the current advances.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44030,"journal":{"name":"Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46735284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-26DOI: 10.2174/1573398x18666220826111344
Gajala Deethamvali Ghouse Peer, R. Pandey
Lung cancer patients have a higher chance of getting infected and showing severe outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This infection influences the respiratory system, albeit other organs are also involved with high risk related to health. The blend of COVID-19 disease and lung cancer predicts a higher mortality rate and more serious clinical results. This research reports the Systemic Review and Meta-analysis correlation between COVID-19 patients with lung cancer and comprehensive proof with regards to the mortality of these patients. A systematic review and meta-analysis are planned to evaluate the data from a PubMed systematic search on Lung Cancer Patients reported by COVID-19, as well as an efficient literature review and information research from 2019 to 2021. 22 out of 3639 review and research literature assessments were gathered, and 10951 patients were COVID +ve and suffering from cancer, with 21% of the patients suffering from SCLC and NSCLC, and lung cancer accounting for 6% of the mortality. Lung cancer Patients who are suffering from COVID-19 additionally reflected the seriousness of the illness and higher rates of intensive care unit confirmations and mechanical ventilation. COVID-19 in patients with lung cancer is related to extreme disease and expanded mortality compared with patients with different tumours and everyone. There is conflicting proof of explicit lung cancer therapies' results. Until more conclusive data is available, lung cancer-coordinated therapy should be restarted as soon as possible in mild to moderate cases to avoid decline and cancer-related mortality.
{"title":"Meta-analysis Of Lung Cancer Patients in COVID-19","authors":"Gajala Deethamvali Ghouse Peer, R. Pandey","doi":"10.2174/1573398x18666220826111344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573398x18666220826111344","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Lung cancer patients have a higher chance of getting infected and showing severe outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This infection influences the respiratory system, albeit other organs are also involved with high risk related to health. The blend of COVID-19 disease and lung cancer predicts a higher mortality rate and more serious clinical results.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This research reports the Systemic Review and Meta-analysis correlation between COVID-19 patients with lung cancer and comprehensive proof with regards to the mortality of these patients.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A systematic review and meta-analysis are planned to evaluate the data from a PubMed systematic search on Lung Cancer Patients reported by COVID-19, as well as an efficient literature review and information research from 2019 to 2021.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u000022 out of 3639 review and research literature assessments were gathered, and 10951 patients were COVID +ve and suffering from cancer, with 21% of the patients suffering from SCLC and NSCLC, and lung cancer accounting for 6% of the mortality.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Lung cancer Patients who are suffering from COVID-19 additionally reflected the seriousness of the illness and higher rates of intensive care unit confirmations and mechanical ventilation. COVID-19 in patients with lung cancer is related to extreme disease and expanded mortality compared with patients with different tumours and everyone. There is conflicting proof of explicit lung cancer therapies' results. Until more conclusive data is available, lung cancer-coordinated therapy should be restarted as soon as possible in mild to moderate cases to avoid decline and cancer-related mortality.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44030,"journal":{"name":"Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41742501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-23DOI: 10.2174/1573398x18666220823154411
Amal Miqdadi, M. Herrag
The SARS-CoV-2 made the world stop its activities, and the only chance of returning to normal life is the vaccine. But like any vaccination, some complications have been reported. We report the case of a patient who presented a myositis following the administration of the Covishield* (AZD1222, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, AstraZeneca) Covid-19 vaccine. 12 hours after his first dose, an 84-year-old patient presented to us reporting a decreased muscle strength: the patient can move against gravity but not against resistance. The biological assessment showed that CK was at 4,250 IU/L, myoglobin was at 144 microgram/L and aldolases at 16.9 U/L. The patient received high doses of corticosteroids. The development of vaccines and immunization programs reduced the morbidity and mortality of several diseases. Other case reports suggested the possible association between myopathies and the administration of the hepatitis B vaccine and H1N1 plus the seasonal trivalent influenza and other vaccines. The exact mechanism is still unknown, but a presumable autoimmune phenomenon is incriminated. The main purpose of this case report is to raise awareness about the possible link between the Covid-19 vaccination and polymyositis and the urge to take charge to avoid further complications.
{"title":"Myositis Associated With the Anti-COVID-19 Covishield Vaccine","authors":"Amal Miqdadi, M. Herrag","doi":"10.2174/1573398x18666220823154411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573398x18666220823154411","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The SARS-CoV-2 made the world stop its activities, and the only chance\u0000of returning to normal life is the vaccine. But like any vaccination, some complications have been\u0000reported. We report the case of a patient who presented a myositis following the administration of\u0000the Covishield* (AZD1222, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, AstraZeneca) Covid-19 vaccine.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u000012 hours after his first dose, an 84-year-old patient presented to us reporting a decreased muscle strength: the patient can move against gravity but not against resistance. The biological\u0000assessment showed that CK was at 4,250 IU/L, myoglobin was at 144 microgram/L and aldolases at\u000016.9 U/L. The patient received high doses of corticosteroids.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The development of vaccines and immunization programs reduced the morbidity and\u0000mortality of several diseases. Other case reports suggested the possible association between myopathies and the administration of the hepatitis B vaccine and H1N1 plus the seasonal trivalent influenza and other vaccines. The exact mechanism is still unknown, but a presumable autoimmune phenomenon is incriminated.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The main purpose of this case report is to raise awareness about the possible link between the Covid-19 vaccination and polymyositis and the urge to take charge to avoid further complications.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44030,"journal":{"name":"Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43919282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-23DOI: 10.2174/1573398x18666220823090137
B. Bugis, Alaa Bugis, Arwa Alruwaili, E. Masuadi, Basil Al-Zahrani, AbdulrahmanAhmad. Alzahrani., Abdullah Almegel, Ali Alkasser, Yzen Alsulaiman, Talal Alhumaid
Asthma and rhinosinusitis share the same pathophysiological mechanism and often occur together. The root cause of chronic rhinosinusitis is still a challenge to cure, but its clinical symptoms can be improved by symptomatic treatment, which are also considered asthma symptom relievers. The primary objective of this study was to measure the prevalence of asthma with rhinosinusitis among adult and pediatric patients in Saudi Arabia as there have been limited studies that assessed this objective. This study is a retrospective cross-sectional study. The data was collected from a selected hospital from 2016 to 2019. The inclusion criteria were patients with a confirmed diagnosis of asthma and rhinosinusitis aged 18 years and older The prevalence of rhinosinusitis among asthma patients was 0.30% in a total of 1,688 asthmatic patients, and 1683 patients had asthma without rhinosinusitis (99.7%). Females accounted for 67.7% of the patients, while males were accounted for 32.3%. Most of the asthma patients (56%) were 60 years old or older, and 44% were aged between 18 and 59 years old. Asthma patients with a past medical history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) accounted for 2.3% of the patients. Moreover, 1.9% of the asthma patients had bronchiectasis. The majority of the asthma patients (79%) had an unknown allergic status, while 21% had allergies. The smoking status variable revealed that 3.1% of the asthma patients were smokers The prevalence of rhinosinusitis among asthma patients was considered low.
{"title":"The prevalence of rhinosinusitis disease among asthma patients in Saudi Arabia","authors":"B. Bugis, Alaa Bugis, Arwa Alruwaili, E. Masuadi, Basil Al-Zahrani, AbdulrahmanAhmad. Alzahrani., Abdullah Almegel, Ali Alkasser, Yzen Alsulaiman, Talal Alhumaid","doi":"10.2174/1573398x18666220823090137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573398x18666220823090137","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Asthma and rhinosinusitis share the same pathophysiological mechanism and often occur together. The root cause of chronic rhinosinusitis is still a challenge to cure, but its clinical symptoms can be improved by symptomatic treatment, which are also considered asthma symptom relievers.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The primary objective of this study was to measure the prevalence of asthma with rhinosinusitis among adult and pediatric patients in Saudi Arabia as there have been limited studies that assessed this objective.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study is a retrospective cross-sectional study. The data was collected from a selected hospital from 2016 to 2019. The inclusion criteria were patients with a confirmed diagnosis of asthma and rhinosinusitis aged 18 years and older\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The prevalence of rhinosinusitis among asthma patients was 0.30% in a total of 1,688 asthmatic patients, and 1683 patients had asthma without rhinosinusitis (99.7%). Females accounted for 67.7% of the patients, while males were accounted for 32.3%. Most of the asthma patients (56%) were 60 years old or older, and 44% were aged between 18 and 59 years old. Asthma patients with a past medical history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) accounted for 2.3% of the patients. Moreover, 1.9% of the asthma patients had bronchiectasis. The majority of the asthma patients (79%) had an unknown allergic status, while 21% had allergies. The smoking status variable revealed that 3.1% of the asthma patients were smokers\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The prevalence of rhinosinusitis among asthma patients was considered low.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44030,"journal":{"name":"Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45976795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-19DOI: 10.2174/1573398x18666220819153000
S. Heidari, M. Torabizadeh, Shokoufeh Shokouhifar, Mohammadreza Mirkarimi, Mohsen Alisamir, Shooka Mohammadi
The impact of COVID-19 on asthmatic patients is still uncertain. This study intended to examine the associations between the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), asthma, and some inflammatory markers among pediatric patients. A retrospective study was enrolled among pediatric COVID-19 patients who were admitted to Abuzar Hospital (Ahvaz, Iran) during eight months. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was according to the real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) method. Asthma diagnosis was confirmed by specialists through functional and clinical evaluations (positive bronchodilator reversibility test or positive methacholine challenge test). Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were documented. Asthmatic patients with COVID-19 were considered as Group 1 (n= 52) and non-asthmatic COVID-19 patients were assigned as Group 2 (n= 54). The mean age of 106 patients was 71.28 ± 50.09 months (range: 1-16 years). Children with severe and moderate COVID-19 had significantly lower levels of neutrophils and lymphocytes, higher inflammatory markers, and longer hospital length of stay (LOS) than patients with a mild course of COVID-19 (p<0.001). Patients in Group 1 had significantly longer LOS, higher dry cough, chest radiographic findings, fever, levels of D-dimer, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein (CRP), as well as lower neutrophil and lymphocyte counts compared with those in Group 2 (p<0.001). The presence of asthma in COVID-19 patients was associated with severe COVID-19 in comparison with their non-asthmatic counterparts. Additional studies with large sample sizes are deemed necessary to determine the impact of asthma on the management and incidence of COVID-19 disease.
{"title":"Association of Asthma with COVID-19 Disease Severity in Pediatric Patients","authors":"S. Heidari, M. Torabizadeh, Shokoufeh Shokouhifar, Mohammadreza Mirkarimi, Mohsen Alisamir, Shooka Mohammadi","doi":"10.2174/1573398x18666220819153000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573398x18666220819153000","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The impact of COVID-19 on asthmatic patients is still uncertain.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study intended to examine the associations between the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), asthma, and some inflammatory markers among pediatric patients.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A retrospective study was enrolled among pediatric COVID-19 patients who were admitted to Abuzar Hospital (Ahvaz, Iran) during eight months. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was according to the real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) method. Asthma diagnosis was confirmed by specialists through functional and clinical evaluations (positive bronchodilator reversibility test or positive methacholine challenge test). Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were documented. Asthmatic patients with COVID-19 were considered as Group 1 (n= 52) and non-asthmatic COVID-19 patients were assigned as Group 2 (n= 54).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The mean age of 106 patients was 71.28 ± 50.09 months (range: 1-16 years). Children with severe and moderate COVID-19 had significantly lower \u0000levels of neutrophils and lymphocytes, higher inflammatory markers, and longer hospital length of stay (LOS) than patients with a mild course of COVID-19 \u0000(p<0.001). Patients in Group 1 had significantly longer LOS, higher dry cough, chest radiographic findings, fever, levels of D-dimer, fibrinogen, \u0000and C-reactive protein (CRP), as well as lower neutrophil and lymphocyte counts compared with those in Group 2 (p<0.001).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The presence of asthma in COVID-19 patients was associated with severe COVID-19 in comparison with their non-asthmatic counterparts. Additional studies with large sample sizes are deemed necessary to determine the impact of asthma on the management and incidence of COVID-19 disease.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44030,"journal":{"name":"Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45975157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-18DOI: 10.2174/1573398x18666220818095151
Amrutha Hosakote Mahesh, Renukadevi Mahadevan, C. Krishnarao
Early mobilization of patients with critical illness reduces the consequences of extended periods of bed rest and improves self-care functions and quality of life. Early mobilization for mechanically ventilated patients in any ICU prevents patients from a spiral of progressive complications, leading to either nursing home placement or persistent critical illness. Early mobilization of ICU patients has been associated with improved muscle strength and functional independence, a shorter duration of delirium, mechanical ventilation, and ICU length of stay. This study was undertaken to assess the impact of physiotherapy management and early mobilization on Functional Status and Length of Stay in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. An observational study was conducted at a tertiary care university teaching hospital in Mysore, South India, among patients admitted to medical and surgical intensive care units. The patients were assessed, and the patient’s baseline characteristics were recorded. The study subjects were divided into two groups, the intervention and the control groups. There were 71 patients in the intervention group and 67 patients control group. Subjects in the intervention group underwent physiotherapy management and early mobilization. Subjects in the control group did not undergo physiotherapy management and early mobilization. Physiotherapy intervention was given 2-3 times/day, and the outcome measures were the length of stay in ICU and assessment of physical morbidity using the Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment Tool (CPAx). The results showed that subjects in the intervention group were weaned from the ventilator support (3.86±3.4 and 5.59 ±4.3, p = 0.005) and oxygen support (5.23±0.99 and 7.48±2.0, p = 0.000) much earlier than the subjects in the control group. The length of ICU stay was significantly less in the intervention group than in the control group (7.71±3.70 days and 11.64±4.8 days with a p-value, p = 0.000). respectively. This study demonstrated that implementation of physiotherapy intervention and early mobilization in critically ill patients undergoing treatment in intensive care unit resulted in early weaning from ventilator support and supplemental oxygen therapy, with improvement in functional status leading to reduced length of ICU stays compared to the patients who were not given physiotherapy intervention and early mobilization.
危重疾病患者的早期动员可减少长时间卧床休息的后果，并改善自我保健功能和生活质量。任何ICU机械通气患者的早期活动都可以防止患者出现螺旋式的进行性并发症，从而导致养老院安置或持续的危重疾病。ICU患者的早期活动可改善肌力和功能独立性，缩短谵妄持续时间、机械通气和ICU住院时间。本研究旨在评估物理治疗管理和早期活动对入住重症监护病房的患者功能状态和住院时间的影响。在印度南部迈索尔的一家三级保健大学教学医院，对内科和外科重症监护病房收治的患者进行了一项观察性研究。对患者进行评估，并记录患者的基线特征。研究对象被分为两组，干预组和对照组。干预组71例，对照组67例。干预组接受物理治疗管理和早期活动。对照组未进行物理治疗管理和早期活动。给予物理治疗干预2-3次/天，观察结果为ICU住院时间和使用Chelsea重症监护物理评估工具(CPAx)评估物理发病率。结果显示，干预组患者的呼吸机支持(3.86±3.4和5.59±4.3,p = 0.005)和氧气支持(5.23±0.99和7.48±2.0,p =0.000)断奶时间明显早于对照组。干预组患者在ICU的住院时间(7.71±3.70 d)明显少于对照组(11.64±4.8 d, p = 0.000)。分别。本研究表明，与未进行物理治疗干预和早期动员的患者相比，在重症监护病房接受治疗的危重患者实施物理治疗干预和早期动员可使其早日脱离呼吸机支持和补充氧治疗，并改善功能状态，从而缩短ICU住院时间。
{"title":"Impact of Physiotherapy on Functional Status and Length of Stay of\u0000Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit","authors":"Amrutha Hosakote Mahesh, Renukadevi Mahadevan, C. Krishnarao","doi":"10.2174/1573398x18666220818095151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573398x18666220818095151","url":null,"abstract":"Early mobilization of patients with critical illness reduces the consequences of extended periods of bed rest and improves self-care functions and quality of life. Early mobilization for mechanically ventilated patients in any ICU prevents patients from a spiral of progressive\u0000complications, leading to either nursing home placement or persistent critical illness. Early mobilization of ICU patients has been associated with improved muscle strength and functional independence, a shorter duration of delirium, mechanical ventilation, and ICU length of stay.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study was undertaken to assess the impact of physiotherapy management and early\u0000mobilization on Functional Status and Length of Stay in patients admitted to the Intensive Care\u0000Unit.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000An observational study was conducted at a tertiary care university teaching hospital in\u0000Mysore, South India, among patients admitted to medical and surgical intensive care units. The patients were assessed, and the patient’s baseline characteristics were recorded. The study subjects\u0000were divided into two groups, the intervention and the control groups. There were 71 patients in the\u0000intervention group and 67 patients control group. Subjects in the intervention group underwent\u0000physiotherapy management and early mobilization. Subjects in the control group did not undergo\u0000physiotherapy management and early mobilization. Physiotherapy intervention was given 2-3\u0000times/day, and the outcome measures were the length of stay in ICU and assessment of physical\u0000morbidity using the Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment Tool (CPAx).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results showed that subjects in the intervention group were weaned from the ventilator\u0000support (3.86±3.4 and 5.59 ±4.3, p = 0.005) and oxygen support (5.23±0.99 and 7.48±2.0, p =\u00000.000) much earlier than the subjects in the control group. The length of ICU stay was significantly\u0000less in the intervention group than in the control group (7.71±3.70 days and 11.64±4.8 days with a\u0000p-value, p = 0.000). respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study demonstrated that implementation of physiotherapy intervention and early\u0000mobilization in critically ill patients undergoing treatment in intensive care unit resulted in early\u0000weaning from ventilator support and supplemental oxygen therapy, with improvement in functional\u0000status leading to reduced length of ICU stays compared to the patients who were not given physiotherapy intervention and early mobilization.","PeriodicalId":44030,"journal":{"name":"Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48636449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-06DOI: 10.2174/1573398x18666220806124019
B. Marzoog
Overactivation of the local pulmonary fibroblast induces hyperproduction of the extracellular matrix. A myriad of pathomorphological changes occur during lung fibrosis, including interalveolar space (interstitial) deposition due to proliferation and differentiation of resident fibroblasts, recruitment of circulating stem cells and epithelial–mesenchymal transition, highly reactive and hyperplastic alveolar epithelium. Currently, many endogenous and exogenous factors are believed to be associated with lung fibrosis development. However, pathogenetic treatment remains in the womb of development. Exploring the underlying pathophysiology is crucial for successful development of pathogenetic treatment. Several molecules termed chemokines and cytokines have been found to induce lung fibrosis, such as IL-6, IL-1β, PDGFRα, TNF-α, GM-CSF, and IL-13. However, many others, such as IL-8, RANTES, IP-10, and MIG or lymphotactin, have an antifibrosis effect. However, the pathogenesis is multifactorial and involves dysregulation of the immune system, impaired cell-cell adhesion regulation mechanisms, and loss of DNA repair. The paper aimed to thoroughly addresses the potential risk factors and molecular triggers of lung fibrosis.
{"title":"Pulmonary Fibrosis; Risk Factors and Molecular Triggers, Insight for Neo Therapeutic Approach","authors":"B. Marzoog","doi":"10.2174/1573398x18666220806124019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573398x18666220806124019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Overactivation of the local pulmonary fibroblast induces hyperproduction of the extracellular matrix. A myriad of pathomorphological changes occur during lung fibrosis, including interalveolar space (interstitial) deposition due to proliferation and differentiation of resident fibroblasts, recruitment of circulating stem cells and epithelial–mesenchymal transition, highly reactive and hyperplastic alveolar epithelium. Currently, many endogenous and exogenous factors are believed to be associated with lung fibrosis development. However, pathogenetic treatment remains in the womb of development. Exploring the underlying pathophysiology is crucial for successful development of pathogenetic treatment. Several molecules termed chemokines and cytokines have been found to induce lung fibrosis, such as IL-6, IL-1β, PDGFRα, TNF-α, GM-CSF, and IL-13. However, many others, such as IL-8, RANTES, IP-10, and MIG or lymphotactin, have an antifibrosis effect. However, the pathogenesis is multifactorial and involves dysregulation of the immune system, impaired cell-cell adhesion regulation mechanisms, and loss of DNA repair. The paper aimed to thoroughly addresses the potential risk factors and molecular triggers of lung fibrosis.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44030,"journal":{"name":"Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48100449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.2174/1573398x1803220810153544
J. Varon, S. Bhalla, D. Martini
{"title":"Long-Haul COVID-19: Imaging or Functional Testing?","authors":"J. Varon, S. Bhalla, D. Martini","doi":"10.2174/1573398x1803220810153544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573398x1803220810153544","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":44030,"journal":{"name":"Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43340853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-07DOI: 10.2174/1573398x18666220707100910
A. Alzaabi, M. Najib, Hala Samaha, T. Jaiganesh, A. Kassem, A. Abbas
Asthma is a noncommunicable, chronic respiratory disease affecting 358 million individuals globally. The SNAPSHOT study suggests a prevalence rate of 6.4% in the Middle East region and 7.6% in the Gulf region alone, causing a significant healthcare burden. The management of severe asthma poses a significant challenge, thus accounting for suboptimal disease control. Diagnosis of severe asthma is quite difficult, considering the multiple factors playing a pivotal role in disease progression and management. Primary care physicians (PCPs) are predominantly involved in decision-making in asthma diagnosis and control. Therefore, educating the PCPs regarding diagnostic strategies and guiding them for a timely referral to specialists can reduce fatal episodes and disease exacerbations. In this way, PCPs may ensure effective treatment and achieve optimal disease control. To develop an algorithm and decision tree that may aid PCPs in the timely referral of severe asthma patients to specialists, an expert committee meeting was convened in December 2020 with leading experts from the United Arab Emirates. A three-step algorithm “CAR” was established to guide PCPs: “confirm” and check diagnosis, “assess” factors contributing to exacerbations and poor quality of life, and “refer” to a specialist. The “Severe Asthma Referral approach” conceptualized herein for the PCPs may help overcome the pragmatic challenges of early diagnosis, establish simple referral criteria for specialists, and attain severe asthma treatment goals.
{"title":"Expert Opinion for the Management of Severe Asthma in Adults in the Gulf region","authors":"A. Alzaabi, M. Najib, Hala Samaha, T. Jaiganesh, A. Kassem, A. Abbas","doi":"10.2174/1573398x18666220707100910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573398x18666220707100910","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Asthma is a noncommunicable, chronic respiratory disease affecting 358 million individuals globally. The SNAPSHOT study suggests a prevalence rate of 6.4% in the Middle East region\u0000and 7.6% in the Gulf region alone, causing a significant healthcare burden. The management of severe asthma poses a significant challenge, thus accounting for suboptimal disease control. Diagnosis\u0000of severe asthma is quite difficult, considering the multiple factors playing a pivotal role in disease\u0000progression and management. Primary care physicians (PCPs) are predominantly involved in decision-making in asthma diagnosis and control. Therefore, educating the PCPs regarding diagnostic\u0000strategies and guiding them for a timely referral to specialists can reduce fatal episodes and disease\u0000exacerbations. In this way, PCPs may ensure effective treatment and achieve optimal disease control. To develop an algorithm and decision tree that may aid PCPs in the timely referral of severe\u0000asthma patients to specialists, an expert committee meeting was convened in December 2020 with\u0000leading experts from the United Arab Emirates. A three-step algorithm “CAR” was established to\u0000guide PCPs: “confirm” and check diagnosis, “assess” factors contributing to exacerbations and poor\u0000quality of life, and “refer” to a specialist. The “Severe Asthma Referral approach” conceptualized\u0000herein for the PCPs may help overcome the pragmatic challenges of early diagnosis, establish simple referral criteria for specialists, and attain severe asthma treatment goals.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44030,"journal":{"name":"Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43055205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.2174/1573398x18666220620164456
Hamidreza Pouragha, Tayebeh Nasiri Ardali, R. Mehrdad, G. Pouryaghoub
RDW has been proposed as a routine test and is available as a prognosis for many diseases and disorders, especially respiratory disorders. In this study, we intend to see if the association between pulmonary function and RDW also applies to non-patients. This study was performed on 800 people including 466 women and 344 men. Participants in the study were staff enrolled in the Tehran University of Medical Sciences cohort [TEC] study. In this study, RDW levels and pulmonary function were assessed. Elderly populations were not included in this study The results of the univariate analysis showed that normal values versus abnormal values of RDW were significantly associated with pulmonary function index FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC in non-patient individuals. On the other hand, a significant correlation was observed between RDW values and FEV1 index and FEV1/FVC ratio. Based on linear regression, there was an association between RDW and FVC [R2=0.721]. In this study, we found an association between RDW and FVC so we suggest that abnormal RDW may consider as a sign of pulmonary dysfunction.
{"title":"Association between Red blood cell distribution width and pulmonary function among Iranian employees.","authors":"Hamidreza Pouragha, Tayebeh Nasiri Ardali, R. Mehrdad, G. Pouryaghoub","doi":"10.2174/1573398x18666220620164456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1573398x18666220620164456","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000RDW has been proposed as a routine test and is available as a prognosis for many diseases and disorders, especially respiratory disorders. In this study, we intend to see if the association between pulmonary function and RDW also applies to non-patients.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study was performed on 800 people including 466 women and 344 men. Participants in the study were staff enrolled in the Tehran University of Medical Sciences cohort [TEC] study. In this study, RDW levels and pulmonary function were assessed. Elderly populations were not included in this study\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results of the univariate analysis showed that normal values versus abnormal values of RDW were significantly associated with pulmonary function index FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC in non-patient individuals. On the other hand, a significant correlation was observed between RDW values and FEV1 index and FEV1/FVC ratio. Based on linear regression, there was an association between RDW and FVC [R2=0.721].\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this study, we found an association between RDW and FVC so we suggest that abnormal RDW may consider as a sign of pulmonary dysfunction.\u0000","PeriodicalId":44030,"journal":{"name":"Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41925903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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