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2-D noise maps for tier-2 city urban Indian roads 印度二级城市道路的二维噪声图
IF 2.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/noise-2019-0001
Dipeshkumar R. Sonaviya, B. Tandel
Abstract In today’s era, vehicular noise pollution has been identified as a serious danger that influence the attribute of the urban regions. To identify the influence of noise effects, noise maps are very useful. A noise mapping study has been carried out to study the propagation of urban road traffic noise in the areas along with field measurements. The computer simulation model (Sound- PLAN software) is used to developed noise maps. In developing nations like India, traffic composition is heterogeneous. These traffic compositions contain vehicles, which have different sizes, speeds variations and operating systems. Because of fluctuating speeds, deficiency of lane disciplines, and non-authorized parking on main road lanes, honking events becomes inevitable, which changes and affects the urban soundscape of nations like India. Due to horn events (heterogeneous traffic condition), noise level (LAeq) increase by 0.5–8 dB (A) as compared to homogeneous traffic conditions.
在当今时代,车辆噪声污染已被确定为影响城市区域属性的严重危害。为了识别噪声的影响,噪声图非常有用。通过现场测量,对该地区城市道路交通噪声的传播进行了噪声制图研究。利用计算机仿真模型(Sound- PLAN软件)绘制噪声图。在印度这样的发展中国家,交通构成是多种多样的。这些交通组合包含不同尺寸、速度变化和操作系统的车辆。由于速度波动,车道规则的缺乏,以及在主要车道上未经授权的停车,鸣笛事件变得不可避免,这改变并影响了印度等国家的城市声景。由于喇叭事件(异质交通条件),噪声水平(LAeq)比均匀交通条件增加了0.5-8 dB (A)。
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引用次数: 11
LIFE+2010 QUADMAP Project: results obtained from the analysis of data collected during the application of the new methodology to the pilot quiet areas LIFE+2010 QUADMAP项目:对新方法应用于试点安静区域期间收集的数据进行分析得出的结果
IF 2.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/noise-2019-0003
Chiara Bartalucci, Francesco Borchi, M. Carfagni, L. Governi, S. Luzzi, I. Aspuru, Piotr Gaudibert, H. Wolfert
Abstract Since the 90s, quiet areas have commonly been considered as places to be acoustically preserved or where acoustic interventions should be implemented to reduce noise levels. With the enforcement of the Environmental Noise Directive in 2002, a formal definition of a ‘quiet area in agglomeration’ and a ‘quiet area in open country’ was established. However, many Member States complained about the absence of guidelines regarding the identification and management of quiet areas. The LIFE QUiet Areas Definition and Management in Action Plans (QUADMAP) project started in 2011 to contribute to the Directive’s incomplete requirements for quiet areas. The project’s main result has been the introduction of a flexible methodology for the selection, analysis and management of quiet areas in agglomeration in which both acoustic and nonacoustic parameters are evaluated. The current paper illustrates the analyses carried out on the data collected during the application of the selection, analysis and management phases of the developed methodology in the different pilot cases selected during the Project. Mentioned analysis are aimed at verifying the benefits of the proposed complementary selection criteria (‘relative quiet urban areas’ identification criteria and ‘homogeneous urban areas’ subdivision criteria), at defining the measurement periods most representative of the areas and the acoustic and nonacoustic parameters to be considered as the most significant.
摘要自90年代以来,安静区域通常被认为是需要声学保护的地方,或者应该实施声学干预以降低噪音水平的地方。随着2002年《环境噪声指令》的实施,“集聚区安静区域”和“开放国家安静区域”的正式定义得以确立。然而,许多会员国抱怨没有关于确定和管理安静地区的准则。LIFE QUiet区域定义和管理行动计划(QUADMAP)项目始于2011年,旨在促进该指令对安静区域的不完整要求。该项目的主要成果是引入了一种灵活的方法来选择、分析和管理集聚区的安静区域,其中对声学和非声学参数进行了评估。本文件说明了在项目期间选择的不同试点案例中,对所开发方法的选择、分析和管理阶段的应用过程中收集的数据进行的分析。上述分析旨在验证所提出的互补选择标准(“相对安静的城市区域”识别标准和“同质城市区域”细分标准)的好处,确定最具代表性的区域测量周期以及被认为最重要的声学和非声学参数。
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引用次数: 4
A case study of recording soundwalk of Fushimi Inari shrine in Kyoto, Japan using smartphone 使用智能手机记录日本京都伏见稻荷里神社的声音漫步的案例研究
IF 2.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/noise-2019-0008
H. Lee, K. Lim, S. Garg
Abstract We present soundwalk of Fushimi Inari Shrine in Kyoto, Japan from the main gate facing the Inari railway station to the summit. The soundwalk was captured from Samsung Galaxy S8 running NoiseExplorer: an app we have developed for Android and iOS. Fushimi Inari Shrine is the main shrine of the god Inari and sits at the base of a mountain also named Inari which is 233 meters above sea level. It also includes trails up the mountain to many smaller shrines which span 4 kilometers and takes approximately two hours to walk up. This shrine is ranked as the number one most popular sightseeing destination among tourists visiting Japan. A salient feature of the shrine is the rows of nearly 10,000 torii gates in striking orange color, which is known as the Senbon torii. The soundscape at the main gate and the main shrine was found to be dominated by the sound of cicadas. However, midway along the torii gates along the path towards the summit, cicada sound subsides, and the soundscape is more representative of typical footpath on mountain paths. The Leq noise level of 59.6 dBA is well below the typical noise level of other Japanese tourist attractions.
摘要:我们展示了日本京都伏见稻荷里神社从面向稻荷里火车站的正门到山顶的声音漫步。soundwalk是从运行NoiseExplorer的三星Galaxy S8上拍摄的:这是我们为Android和iOS开发的应用程序。伏见稻荷里神社是稻荷里神的主祠,坐落在海拔233米的一座名为稻荷里的山脚下。它还包括通往许多较小神殿的登山小径,这些神殿跨度4公里,步行大约需要两个小时。这座神社被列为访日游客中最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。神社的一个显著特点是有一排排近10000个桔黄色的鸟取门,被称为Senbon鸟取。正门和主祠的音景被发现主要是蝉的声音。然而,在通往顶峰的小路上,鸟取门的中途,蝉声减弱了,声音景观更具典型的山路步道的代表性。Leq噪音水平为59.6 dBA,远低于其他日本旅游景点的典型噪音水平。
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引用次数: 4
Representation of the soundscape quality in urban areas through colours 通过颜色表现城市地区的声景质量
IF 2.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/noise-2019-0002
Virginia Puyana-Romero, Giuseppe Ciaburro, G. Brambilla, Christiam Garzón, L. Maffei
Abstract Noise mapping is a useful and widespread method to visualise various items like the exposure to noise pollution, statistics of affected population, different noise source contribution analysis, and it is also a useful tool in designing noise-control plans. Some researches have moved a step further, proposing maps to represent the people perception of the acoustic environment. Most of these maps use colours as mere tools to display the spatial variability of acoustic parameters. In this paper the colours associated by interviewed people to different urban soundscapes have been analysed, and the possibility of using meaningful colours to represent the soundscape quality in noise mapping has been examined. For this purpose, correspondence analysiswas applied on the data collected fromon-site interviews, performed in the water front of Naples and its surroundings. The outcomes show that in the pedestrian areas nearby the sea, the blue colour was often associated with the soundscape rating, whereas in the areas nearby the sea but open to road traffic the interviewees selected mainly the blue and grey colours. In the areas away from the sea, a wider selection of colours was observed: red and greywere predominantly selected in the areas open to road traffic and green, yellow and red in the green areas.
噪声制图是一种实用而广泛的方法,可以将噪声污染的暴露、受影响人口的统计、不同噪声源的贡献分析等项目可视化,也是设计噪声控制方案的有用工具。一些研究更进了一步,提出用地图来代表人们对声环境的感知。大多数这些地图使用颜色仅仅作为工具来显示声学参数的空间变异性。本文分析了被采访者对不同城市声景的关联颜色,并探讨了在噪声制图中使用有意义的颜色来表示声景质量的可能性。为此,对在那不勒斯海滨及其周边地区进行的现场访谈中收集的数据进行了对应分析。结果表明,在靠近大海的步行区,蓝色通常与声景观评级相关联,而在靠近大海但开放给道路交通的区域,受访者主要选择蓝色和灰色。在远离大海的地区,观察到更广泛的颜色选择:在道路交通开放的地区主要选择红色和灰色,在绿色地区主要选择绿色、黄色和红色。
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引用次数: 19
The Listening of two Piazzas in Rome 罗马两个广场的聆听
IF 2.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/noise-2018-0007
Laura Tedeschini Lalli, Paola Magrone
Abstract We report on the soundscape of Piazza Fontana di Trevi and Piazza Testaccio, gathering places in Rome. Soundscape is a realm of research about the interactions between cultural, cognitive and physical aspects of sound in space, still yielding interesting open questions.We performed perceptive surveys and instrument measurements, carefully spatialized in both cases. The perceptive results concern the recognizability of a particular sound in a conglomerate of sounds across an urban space and the sense of bodily orientation given by sound. They are proposed via verbal narratives and original visualizations of the place. We then use computer models to validate some of the perceived (unexpected) spatial perceptive features, by a ray-tracer simulation. The point of the paper is in fact to compare methods about sound in space, starting from perceptive evaluations, to drive objective analysis and collection of data toward new aspects, and always pursuing spatialization of data.
摘要:我们报道了罗马的丰塔纳广场和泰斯塔乔广场的声景。声景是一个关于声音在空间中的文化、认知和物理方面之间相互作用的研究领域,仍然存在有趣的悬而未决的问题。我们进行了感知调查和仪器测量,在这两种情况下都进行了仔细的空间化。感知结果涉及城市空间中一组声音中特定声音的可识别性,以及声音所赋予的身体定向感。它们是通过口头叙述和对这个地方的原始想象提出的。然后,我们使用计算机模型通过射线示踪剂模拟来验证一些感知(意外)的空间感知特征。事实上,本文的目的是比较空间声音的方法,从感知评价开始,推动数据的客观分析和收集朝着新的方向发展,并始终追求数据的空间化。
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引用次数: 1
Detection of Anomalous Noise Events for Real-Time Road-Traffic Noise Mapping: The Dynamap’s project case study 道路交通噪声实时映射中异常噪声事件的检测——Dynamap项目案例研究
IF 2.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.1515/noise-2018-0006
Francesc Alías, R. Alsina-Pagès, Ferran Orga, J. Socoró
Abstract Environmental noise is increasing year after year, especially in urban and suburban areas. Besides annoyance, environmental noise also causes harmful health effects on people. The Environmental Noise Directive 2002/49/EC (END) is the main instrument of the European Union to identify and combat noise pollution, followed by the CNOSSOS-EU methodological framework. In compliance with the END legislation, the European Member States are required to publish noise maps and action plans every five years. The emergence of Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks (WASNs) have changed the paradigm to address the END regulatory requirements, allowing the dynamic ubiquitous measurement of environmental noise pollution. Following the END, the LIFE DYNAMAP project aims to develop a WASN-based low-cost noise mapping system to monitor the acoustic impact of road infrastructures in real time. Those acoustic events unrelated to regular traffic noise should be removed from the equivalent noise level calculations to avoid biasing the noise map generation. This work describes the different approaches developed within the DYNAMAP project to implement an Anomalous Noise Event Detector on the low-cost sensors of the network, considering both synthetic and real-life acoustic data.Moreover, the paper reflects on several open challenges, discussing how to tackle them for the future deployment of WASN-based noise monitoring systems in real-life operating conditions.
摘要环境噪声逐年增加,特别是在城市和郊区。除了烦恼之外,环境噪音还会对人们的健康造成有害影响。环境噪声指令2002/49/EC(END)是欧盟识别和打击噪声污染的主要文书,其次是CNOSSOS-EU方法框架。根据END立法,欧洲成员国必须每五年公布一次噪音地图和行动计划。无线声学传感器网络(WASN)的出现改变了解决END监管要求的模式,允许对环境噪声污染进行动态无处不在的测量。在END之后,LIFE DYNAMAP项目旨在开发一种基于WASN的低成本噪声映射系统,以实时监测道路基础设施的声学影响。应该从等效噪声水平计算中去除那些与常规交通噪声无关的声学事件,以避免对噪声图生成产生偏差。这项工作描述了DYNAMAP项目中开发的不同方法,以在网络的低成本传感器上实现异常噪声事件检测器,同时考虑合成和真实声学数据。此外,本文还反思了几个悬而未决的挑战,讨论了如何应对这些挑战,以便在现实操作条件下部署基于WASN的噪声监测系统。
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引用次数: 20
LIFE MONZA: project description and actions’ updating LIFE MONZA:项目描述和行动更新
IF 2.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-05-01 DOI: 10.1515/noise-2018-0005
Chiara Bartalucci, Francesco Borchi, M. Carfagni, R. Furferi, L. Governi, A. Lapini, Y. Volpe, S. Curcuruto, E. Mazzocchi, G. Marsico, S. Luzzi, C. Nizzola, Manlio Maggi, A. Fasanella
Abstract The introduction of Low Emission Zones, urban areas subject to road traffic restrictions in order to ensure compliance with the air pollutants limit values set by the European Directive on ambient air quality (2008/50/EC), is a common and well-established action in the administrative government of cities. The impacts on air quality improvement are widely analysed, whereas the effects and benefits concerning the noise have not been addressed in a comprehensive manner. As a consequence, the definition, the criteria for the analysis and the management methods of a Noise Low Emission Zone are not clearly expressed and shared yet. The LIFE MONZA project (Methodologies fOr Noise low emission Zones introduction And management - LIFE15 ENV/IT/000586) addresses these issues. The first objective of the project, co-funded by the European Commission, is to introduce an easy-replicable method for the identification and the management of the Noise Low Emission Zone, an urban area subject to traffic restrictions, whose impacts and benefits regarding noise issues will be analyzed and tested in the pilot area of the city of Monza, located in Northern Italy. Background conditions, structure, objectives of the project and actions’ progress will be discussed in this article.
摘要引入低排放区,即受道路交通限制的城市区域,以确保符合《欧洲环境空气质量指令》(2008/50/EC)设定的空气污染物限值,是城市行政政府中常见且行之有效的行动。对改善空气质量的影响进行了广泛分析,但尚未全面解决噪音的影响和好处。因此,噪声低排放区的定义、分析标准和管理方法尚未明确表达和共享。LIFE MONZA项目(低排放区引入和管理方法——LIFE15 ENV/IT/000586)解决了这些问题。该项目由欧盟委员会共同资助,其第一个目标是引入一种易于复制的方法来识别和管理低噪声排放区,这是一个受交通限制的城市地区,其对噪声问题的影响和好处将在意大利北部蒙扎市的试点地区进行分析和测试。本文将讨论项目的背景条件、结构、目标和行动进展。
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引用次数: 6
Citizens as smart, active sensors for a quiet and just city. The case of the “open source soundscapes” approach to identify, assess and plan “everyday quiet areas” in cities 市民是一个安静、公正的城市的智能、主动传感器。“开源声景”方法在城市中识别、评估和规划“日常安静区域”的案例
IF 2.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-04-03 DOI: 10.1515/noise-2018-0001
Antonella Radicchi, Dietrich Henckel, Martin Memmel
Abstract Today the so-called “smart city” is connoted by massive implementation of novel, digital technology, which is often considered as the best solution to global issues affecting contemporary cities. Sophisticated and low-cost technological solutions are developed also in the field of noise monitoring and they are expected to play an important role for acousticians, city planners and policy makers. However, the “smart city” paradigm is controversial: it relies on advanced technological solutions, yet it fails to consider the city as a social construct and it often overlooks the role of citizens, in the quest for technological advances and novel methods. This is especially true in the field of smart acoustic solutions addressing the issue of urban quiet areas: main methods and technologies developed so far barely involve citizens and consider their preferences. This contribution tackles this challenge, by illustrating a novel mixed methodology, which combines the soundscape approach, the citizen science paradigm and a novel mobile application - the Hush City app - with the ultimate goal of involving people in identifying, assessing and planning urban quiet areas. Firstly, the theoretical background and the methods applied are described; secondly initial findings are discussed; thirdly potential impact and future work are outlined.
摘要今天,所谓的“智能城市”是指大规模实施新颖的数字技术,这通常被认为是解决影响当代城市的全球问题的最佳方案。在噪音监测领域也开发了复杂和低成本的技术解决方案,预计它们将在声学专家、城市规划者和政策制定者中发挥重要作用。然而,“智慧城市”范式存在争议:它依赖于先进的技术解决方案,但却没有将城市视为一种社会结构,而且它经常忽视公民在寻求技术进步和新方法方面的作用。在解决城市安静区域问题的智能声学解决方案领域尤其如此:迄今为止开发的主要方法和技术几乎没有让公民参与并考虑他们的偏好。这一贡献通过展示一种新颖的混合方法来应对这一挑战,该方法结合了声景方法、公民科学范式和一种新的移动应用程序——Hush City应用程序——最终目标是让人们参与识别、评估和规划城市安静区。首先介绍了理论背景和应用方法;其次讨论了初步发现;第三,概述了潜在的影响和未来的工作。
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引用次数: 29
A model for implementing soundscape maps in smart cities 在智慧城市中实现声景地图的模型
IF 2.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-03-01 DOI: 10.1515/noise-2018-0004
Jian Kang, F. Aletta, Efstathios Margaritis, Ming Yang
Abstract Smart cities are required to engage with local communities by promoting a user-centred approach to deal with urban life issues and ultimately enhance people’s quality of life. Soundscape promotes a similar approach, based on individuals’ perception of acoustic environments. This paper aims to establish a model to implement soundscape maps for the monitoring and management of the acoustic environment and to demonstrate its feasibility. The final objective of the model is to generate visual maps related to perceptual attributes (e.g. ‘calm’, ‘pleasant’), starting from audio recordings of everyday acoustic environments. The proposed model relies on three main stages: (1) sound sources recognition and profiling, (2) prediction of the soundscape’s perceptual attributes and (3) implementation of soundscape maps. This research particularly explores the two latter phases, for which a set of sub-processes and methods is proposed and discussed. An accuracy analysiswas performed with satisfactory results: the prediction models of the second stage explained up to the 57.5% of the attributes’ variance; the cross-validation errors of the model were close to zero. These findings show that the proposed model is likely to produce representative maps of an individual’s sonic perception in a given environment.
摘要智能城市需要通过推广以用户为中心的方法来处理城市生活问题,并最终提高人们的生活质量,从而与当地社区互动。Soundscape提倡基于个人对声学环境的感知的类似方法。本文旨在建立一个用于声环境监测和管理的声景图实施模型,并证明其可行性。该模型的最终目标是从日常声学环境的录音开始,生成与感知属性(例如“平静”、“愉快”)相关的视觉地图。所提出的模型依赖于三个主要阶段:(1)声源识别和分析,(2)声景感知属性的预测和(3)声景地图的实现。本研究特别探讨了后两个阶段,提出并讨论了一组子过程和方法。进行了精度分析,结果令人满意:第二阶段的预测模型解释了高达57.5%的属性方差;模型的交叉验证误差接近于零。这些发现表明,所提出的模型很可能产生个人在特定环境中声音感知的代表性地图。
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引用次数: 39
Soundscape mapping in environmental noise management and urban planning: case studies in two UK cities 环境噪音管理和城市规划中的声景映射:两个英国城市的案例研究
IF 2.8 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2017-12-29 DOI: 10.1515/noise-2017-0007
Efstathios Margaritis, Jian Kang
The current European practice in noise policy the last fifteen years is primarily focused on the application of guidelines andmeasures related to noise reduction as described in the Environmental NoiseDirective (END) [1]. In the same wavelength, noise action plans and all the supportive documentation for strategic noise mapping [2] are focused mainly on improving the accuracy of the END and increase the precision of the reported population exposed at high noise bands. In this framework, mapping is a useful tool to aid the planning and design process [3]. Some studies have tried to formulate a better traffic model by using dynamic noise mapping techniques [4, 5] or even data extracted from participatory noise mapping techniques [6, 7]. Moreover, the need to combine a holistic approach in environmental noise policy by combining the noise mapping with the soundscape approach has recently been raised by the European Environmental Agency (EEA) in the Good Practice Guide on Quiet Areas [8]. However, the ultimate aim is a gradual incorporation of the soundscape design in the planning process in a successful way. This process can be brought into reality starting from a top-down approach initially in the policy stage and then elaborating the process in the macro-scale. At that level, prediction maps refer to a specific landscape and cover areas larger than streets or squares. Through this process, thematic maps can be developed as an additional layer of landscape information [3]. As Kang [9] mentions: “. . . it is important to put soundscape into the in-
过去十五年来,欧洲在噪音政策方面的现行做法主要集中在环境噪音指令(END)[1]中所述的与降噪相关的指南和措施的应用上。在相同的波长下,噪声行动计划和战略噪声映射[2]的所有支持性文件主要集中在提高END的准确性,并提高暴露在高噪声波段的报告人群的精度。在此框架中,映射是帮助规划和设计过程的有用工具[3]。一些研究试图通过使用动态噪声映射技术[4,5],甚至从参与式噪声映射技术中提取的数据[6,7]来制定更好的交通模型。此外,欧洲环境局(EEA)最近在《安静地区良好实践指南》[8]中提出,需要通过将噪声映射与声景方法相结合,将环境噪声政策的整体方法相结合。然而,最终目标是以一种成功的方式将声景设计逐渐纳入规划过程。这一过程可以从政策阶段的自上而下的方法开始,然后在宏观层面上阐述这一过程。在这个层面上,预测地图指的是特定的景观,覆盖的区域比街道或广场还大。通过这个过程,专题地图可以作为景观信息的附加层进行开发[3]。正如Kang[9]所提到的:“……把声景放在室内是很重要的-
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引用次数: 22
期刊
Noise Mapping
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