Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126215
Aditi Mann
ABSTRACT This paper attempts on writing a biography of a temple site in Haryana, Northern India. The site in discussion is popularly known as Bhima Devi Temple site. The original temple was constructed in Early Medieval times and has been recently renovated by the State Government by integrating surviving architectural remnants of the Brāhmaṇic temple. The intention of the paper is not only to follow the archaeological history since ancient times but also to visualize it in modern context especially from the perception of locals among whom the reminiscences of this local deity still lives through oral traditions and ritual performances.
{"title":"Conserving a Sacred Site: Changing Re-Presentations of Bhīmā Devī Temple","authors":"Aditi Mann","doi":"10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126215","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 This paper attempts on writing a biography of a temple site in Haryana, Northern India. The site in discussion is popularly known as Bhima Devi Temple site. The original temple was constructed in Early Medieval times and has been recently renovated by the State Government by integrating surviving architectural remnants of the Brāhmaṇic temple. The intention of the paper is not only to follow the archaeological history since ancient times but also to visualize it in modern context especially from the perception of locals among whom the reminiscences of this local deity still lives through oral traditions and ritual performances.","PeriodicalId":44088,"journal":{"name":"Heritage and Society","volume":"15 1","pages":"20 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48963412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126268
T. Ashfina, P. Garg, P. S. Chani
ABSTRACT Many studies have found that a loss of place identity in urban landscapes causes a slew of social, cultural, and psychological problems. The significance of traditional urban public spaces in sustaining place identity in a cultural landscape is discussed in this paper, which employs a statistical model tailored to Kerala, specifically Calicut, and is applicable via questionnaire research. The study begins with a look at the historical context and current trends in Calicut, the state's first port town and second-most populous city. The primary goal of this study is to clarify the relationship between people and their physical environment while considering the concept of place-identity and how urban public spaces, with their unique characteristics and features, contribute to physical setting cognitions and shape place identity with a focus on Calicut. The results were obtained through field surveys. The survey had 424 participants selected using a random sampling strategy. Users are observed to have a diverse set of social and cultural traits. This study, however, only considers users who have a consistent engagement with the location including shop owners, residents, etc. The theory of urban spatial designs that play an important role in enhancing identity, specifically the factors influencing place-identity in traditional urban public spaces based on Place Identity social cohesion, and, Place Dependence will be examined in this study.
{"title":"The Significance of Traditional Urban Public Spaces in Sustaining Place Identity in the Urban Landscape of Kerala","authors":"T. Ashfina, P. Garg, P. S. Chani","doi":"10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126268","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many studies have found that a loss of place identity in urban landscapes causes a slew of social, cultural, and psychological problems. The significance of traditional urban public spaces in sustaining place identity in a cultural landscape is discussed in this paper, which employs a statistical model tailored to Kerala, specifically Calicut, and is applicable via questionnaire research. The study begins with a look at the historical context and current trends in Calicut, the state's first port town and second-most populous city. The primary goal of this study is to clarify the relationship between people and their physical environment while considering the concept of place-identity and how urban public spaces, with their unique characteristics and features, contribute to physical setting cognitions and shape place identity with a focus on Calicut. The results were obtained through field surveys. The survey had 424 participants selected using a random sampling strategy. Users are observed to have a diverse set of social and cultural traits. This study, however, only considers users who have a consistent engagement with the location including shop owners, residents, etc. The theory of urban spatial designs that play an important role in enhancing identity, specifically the factors influencing place-identity in traditional urban public spaces based on Place Identity social cohesion, and, Place Dependence will be examined in this study.","PeriodicalId":44088,"journal":{"name":"Heritage and Society","volume":"15 1","pages":"75 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46870748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126230
Apala Saha
ABSTRACT The three-century-old city of Varanasi stands at crossroads between choosing to preserve its Heritagescape and generating a new-age urban landscape. The paper begins by exploring the concepts of Heritage and Heritagescape by taking a contextual stand, whereby it is constructed around the core argument that heritage is a tool in the hands of the powerful and what tangible and intangible aspects of the natural and human world shall be designated and retained as heritage is only a matter of power and power relations. The paper makes a conscious attempt to critically analyze the present-day urban transformations that the city is undergoing owing to its commitment toward a Smart City Mission and the resultant destructions and the contestations that emerge as a response to that. It concludes thereafter that the Smart City Mission in Varanasi has led to manipulative handling of heritage. Though it was launched with the promise of creating urban opportunities without having to pay up for the consequences, it seems unsuccessful in winning over the soul of the city and failing to the idea of sustainability in the process. The paper uses photographs and information from the field, digital and print media, and scholarly articles to substantiate the arguments made. It is more like an analytical essay, justified through evidence from the ground.
{"title":"The Evolving Heritagescape in India’s Hindu Pilgrimage City of Varanasi: Contemporary Relevance and Contestations","authors":"Apala Saha","doi":"10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126230","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The three-century-old city of Varanasi stands at crossroads between choosing to preserve its Heritagescape and generating a new-age urban landscape. The paper begins by exploring the concepts of Heritage and Heritagescape by taking a contextual stand, whereby it is constructed around the core argument that heritage is a tool in the hands of the powerful and what tangible and intangible aspects of the natural and human world shall be designated and retained as heritage is only a matter of power and power relations. The paper makes a conscious attempt to critically analyze the present-day urban transformations that the city is undergoing owing to its commitment toward a Smart City Mission and the resultant destructions and the contestations that emerge as a response to that. It concludes thereafter that the Smart City Mission in Varanasi has led to manipulative handling of heritage. Though it was launched with the promise of creating urban opportunities without having to pay up for the consequences, it seems unsuccessful in winning over the soul of the city and failing to the idea of sustainability in the process. The paper uses photographs and information from the field, digital and print media, and scholarly articles to substantiate the arguments made. It is more like an analytical essay, justified through evidence from the ground.","PeriodicalId":44088,"journal":{"name":"Heritage and Society","volume":"15 1","pages":"32 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42032152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126234
Tuyen Dai Quang
ABSTRACT This study examines the heritage conservation of the Cham living heritage sites and perceptions of the Cham community in Vietnam. Data were collected using various methods, including participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, from a “living” sacred site of the Cham community in Ninh Thuan, Vietnam. This research demonstrates that the conservation of heritage in Vietnam has focused primarily on tangible forms of heritage, while local cultural meanings related to tangible aspects of the Cham temples have not been a central concern in heritage conservation practices. The construction of a new pathway is considered a significant offense to the Cham worldview with respect to cardinality and spiritual practice. Despite this addition’s intention to facilitate access for visitors to this site, the Cham people believe that it contributes to a denigration of the sacred character of their temple and has negative effects on religious views and understandings among members of the community. The findings suggest that Indigenous living heritage and its role in local communities need to be recognized in safeguarding heritage.
{"title":"Is Living Heritage Ignored? Revisiting Heritage Conservation at Cham Living-Heritage Sites in Vietnam","authors":"Tuyen Dai Quang","doi":"10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126234","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examines the heritage conservation of the Cham living heritage sites and perceptions of the Cham community in Vietnam. Data were collected using various methods, including participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, from a “living” sacred site of the Cham community in Ninh Thuan, Vietnam. This research demonstrates that the conservation of heritage in Vietnam has focused primarily on tangible forms of heritage, while local cultural meanings related to tangible aspects of the Cham temples have not been a central concern in heritage conservation practices. The construction of a new pathway is considered a significant offense to the Cham worldview with respect to cardinality and spiritual practice. Despite this addition’s intention to facilitate access for visitors to this site, the Cham people believe that it contributes to a denigration of the sacred character of their temple and has negative effects on religious views and understandings among members of the community. The findings suggest that Indigenous living heritage and its role in local communities need to be recognized in safeguarding heritage.","PeriodicalId":44088,"journal":{"name":"Heritage and Society","volume":"15 1","pages":"46 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47246325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126229
K. Sharma, Apil K Kc, B. Pokharel
ABSTRACT A destructive earthquake of moment magnitude Mw 7.8 struck central Nepal on April 25, 2015, followed by hundreds of aftershocks. A preliminary report of the Department of Archaeology (DOA), Nepal, suggested that as many as 745 monuments in 20 districts were affected. The heritage structures are crucial sectors for development, mainly through tourism and employment generation. However, over three years following the Gorkha Nepal earthquake, many collapsed heritage structures were not reconstructed. This paper explores the progress of heritage reconstruction in Kathmandu Valley along with the reasons behind the slow reconstruction process. Ethnographic fieldwork was carried out in the seven UNESCO listed heritage sites and other heritage areas over six months from November 2019 to April 2020. The research shows that the delay in heritage reconstruction was primarily due to the lack of a well-defined policy for heritage reconstruction; conflict on construction materials to be used for reconstruction; procurement modality for reconstruction; limited governance capacity; lack of workforce for traditional artwork; and the lack of a framework to support community-driven rebuilding initiatives. Some recommendations are made to accelerate the reconstruction of heritage structures in Kathmandu Valley.
{"title":"Status and Challenges of Reconstruction of Heritage Structures in Nepal After 2015 Gorkha, Nepal Earthquake","authors":"K. Sharma, Apil K Kc, B. Pokharel","doi":"10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126229","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A destructive earthquake of moment magnitude Mw 7.8 struck central Nepal on April 25, 2015, followed by hundreds of aftershocks. A preliminary report of the Department of Archaeology (DOA), Nepal, suggested that as many as 745 monuments in 20 districts were affected. The heritage structures are crucial sectors for development, mainly through tourism and employment generation. However, over three years following the Gorkha Nepal earthquake, many collapsed heritage structures were not reconstructed. This paper explores the progress of heritage reconstruction in Kathmandu Valley along with the reasons behind the slow reconstruction process. Ethnographic fieldwork was carried out in the seven UNESCO listed heritage sites and other heritage areas over six months from November 2019 to April 2020. The research shows that the delay in heritage reconstruction was primarily due to the lack of a well-defined policy for heritage reconstruction; conflict on construction materials to be used for reconstruction; procurement modality for reconstruction; limited governance capacity; lack of workforce for traditional artwork; and the lack of a framework to support community-driven rebuilding initiatives. Some recommendations are made to accelerate the reconstruction of heritage structures in Kathmandu Valley.","PeriodicalId":44088,"journal":{"name":"Heritage and Society","volume":"15 1","pages":"89 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44653794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126219
Yara Saifi, Hülya Yüceer, Y. Hurol
ABSTRACT This article discusses the possibility of developing an understanding of the concept of authenticity through the understanding of authenticity in architectural terms, specifically religious heritage buildings in areas of political conflict. Although authenticity has been a continuous subject of debate in the field of heritage studies, however, we argue that difficulties in coming to terms with its application in areas of conflict are still persistent. The study uses the case study of the Agios Synesios Church in North Cyprus, built around the Twelfth century, and is still in use by the Greek Cypriot minorities who continued to live on the island following its division in 1974 and the forced displacement of both Turkish and Greek Cypriot communities to either part of the island. Based on observation of the church and its surrounding context, the research shows that coming to terms with authenticity is problematic for the church since the prolongation of the Greek Cypriot way of life has been compromised due to political fluctuations. The argument suggests that once the authenticity of a religious building is assessed as a heritage asset, a flexible concept of authenticity is essential to consider in areas of political conflicts especially when its original context no longer exists.
{"title":"For Whom the Bell Tolls? Towards a Flexible Concept of Authenticity for Religious Heritage Buildings in Political Conflict Zones – Case of Northern Cyprus","authors":"Yara Saifi, Hülya Yüceer, Y. Hurol","doi":"10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126219","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article discusses the possibility of developing an understanding of the concept of authenticity through the understanding of authenticity in architectural terms, specifically religious heritage buildings in areas of political conflict. Although authenticity has been a continuous subject of debate in the field of heritage studies, however, we argue that difficulties in coming to terms with its application in areas of conflict are still persistent. The study uses the case study of the Agios Synesios Church in North Cyprus, built around the Twelfth century, and is still in use by the Greek Cypriot minorities who continued to live on the island following its division in 1974 and the forced displacement of both Turkish and Greek Cypriot communities to either part of the island. Based on observation of the church and its surrounding context, the research shows that coming to terms with authenticity is problematic for the church since the prolongation of the Greek Cypriot way of life has been compromised due to political fluctuations. The argument suggests that once the authenticity of a religious building is assessed as a heritage asset, a flexible concept of authenticity is essential to consider in areas of political conflicts especially when its original context no longer exists.","PeriodicalId":44088,"journal":{"name":"Heritage and Society","volume":"15 1","pages":"1 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48283857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/2159032X.2022.2069424
Nelly Bekus
How was heritage understood and implemented in European socialist states after World War II? By exploring national and regional specificities within the broader context of internationalization, this volume enriches the conceptual, methodological and empirical scope of heritage studies through a series of fascinating case studies. Its transnational approach highlights the socialist world’s diverse interpretations of heritage and the ways in which they have shaped the trajectories of present-day preservation practices.
{"title":"Heritage Under Socialism. Preservation in Eastern and Central Europe 1945–1991","authors":"Nelly Bekus","doi":"10.1080/2159032X.2022.2069424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2159032X.2022.2069424","url":null,"abstract":"How was heritage understood and implemented in European socialist states after World War II? By exploring national and regional specificities within the broader context of internationalization, this volume enriches the conceptual, methodological and empirical scope of heritage studies through a series of fascinating case studies. Its transnational approach highlights the socialist world’s diverse interpretations of heritage and the ways in which they have shaped the trajectories of present-day preservation practices.","PeriodicalId":44088,"journal":{"name":"Heritage and Society","volume":"14 1","pages":"347 - 350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43166848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/2159032X.2022.2110375
Rebecca Haboucha, Daniella Jofré
ABSTRACT Climate change has become the largest threat to cultural heritage in the twenty-first century. While it is known that the world’s most vulnerable populations, including Indigenous peoples, will disproportionately face the effects of climate change, there is less knowledge of the wider cultural frameworks that influence Indigenous understandings of climate change. This article seeks to understand the local perceptions of natural and anthropogenic climate change and its impact on heritage among contemporary indigenous or originario peoples in small oases in the Atacama Desert of Chile’s Tarapacá region. Theories from critical heritage studies are used to explore the impacts of both anthropogenic and natural climate change on what is understood as Indigenous heritage. The authors examine how these changes have intersected with national and regional socio-political events in the past century to impact contemporary Indigenous identities in the communities of Pica and Matilla. Semi-structured interviews and oral histories were discontinuously conducted between March 2016 and April 2018 and included lay Aymara and Quechua community members as well as the representatives of local organizations such as Neighbour Councils and Indigenous Development Areas (ADIs) in the communities. These accounts illustrate how recent climate change is being used as a rhetorical device to facilitate the revitalization and regeneration of local ethnicities in northern Chile today. Furthermore, the article demonstrates the value of originario knowledge in understanding the nuances of local cultural context and how essential it is in the implementation of environmental and heritage policies in the wider Chilean context.
{"title":"Safeguarding Indigenous Heritage in the Chilean Atacama Desert: Negotiating Identity Claims and Community Perceptions of Long-term Climate Change","authors":"Rebecca Haboucha, Daniella Jofré","doi":"10.1080/2159032X.2022.2110375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2159032X.2022.2110375","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Climate change has become the largest threat to cultural heritage in the twenty-first century. While it is known that the world’s most vulnerable populations, including Indigenous peoples, will disproportionately face the effects of climate change, there is less knowledge of the wider cultural frameworks that influence Indigenous understandings of climate change. This article seeks to understand the local perceptions of natural and anthropogenic climate change and its impact on heritage among contemporary indigenous or originario peoples in small oases in the Atacama Desert of Chile’s Tarapacá region. Theories from critical heritage studies are used to explore the impacts of both anthropogenic and natural climate change on what is understood as Indigenous heritage. The authors examine how these changes have intersected with national and regional socio-political events in the past century to impact contemporary Indigenous identities in the communities of Pica and Matilla. Semi-structured interviews and oral histories were discontinuously conducted between March 2016 and April 2018 and included lay Aymara and Quechua community members as well as the representatives of local organizations such as Neighbour Councils and Indigenous Development Areas (ADIs) in the communities. These accounts illustrate how recent climate change is being used as a rhetorical device to facilitate the revitalization and regeneration of local ethnicities in northern Chile today. Furthermore, the article demonstrates the value of originario knowledge in understanding the nuances of local cultural context and how essential it is in the implementation of environmental and heritage policies in the wider Chilean context.","PeriodicalId":44088,"journal":{"name":"Heritage and Society","volume":"14 1","pages":"216 - 241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48129579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126212
Naimeh Rezaei, Mohammadreza Gholami Gowhareh
ABSTRACT Many historic city centers around the world have begun a process of regeneration in recent decades after years of stagnation and decline. Numerous factors play a role in the transformations of the historic center, including cultural tendencies, urban public policies, real estate market trends, and tourism. This study investigates the transformations of the historic neighborhoods of Kashan in Iran, during which private investors began to buy, restore, and reuse the historic houses since the 1990s. We applied a qualitative research approach, focusing on face-to-face semi-structured interviews and observations. The findings of this study revealed four groups of investors with different backgrounds and motivations: (1) rich pioneers from Tehran fascinated by architectural heritage, (2) Iranian expatriates influenced by nostalgia for authenticity, (3) European professionals interested in Iranian art and aesthetics, and (4) local investors mostly aiming to revitalize their childhood memories and introduce their cultural heritage to tourists. This study also shows that different urban transformation processes overlap and occur simultaneously in the historic neighborhoods of Kashan, generated by different investors.
{"title":"Individual Investors as Drivers of Urban Change: The Case of Historic District of Kashan, Iran","authors":"Naimeh Rezaei, Mohammadreza Gholami Gowhareh","doi":"10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2159032X.2022.2126212","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 Many historic city centers around the world have begun a process of regeneration in recent decades after years of stagnation and decline. Numerous factors play a role in the transformations of the historic center, including cultural tendencies, urban public policies, real estate market trends, and tourism. This study investigates the transformations of the historic neighborhoods of Kashan in Iran, during which private investors began to buy, restore, and reuse the historic houses since the 1990s. We applied a qualitative research approach, focusing on face-to-face semi-structured interviews and observations. The findings of this study revealed four groups of investors with different backgrounds and motivations: (1) rich pioneers from Tehran fascinated by architectural heritage, (2) Iranian expatriates influenced by nostalgia for authenticity, (3) European professionals interested in Iranian art and aesthetics, and (4) local investors mostly aiming to revitalize their childhood memories and introduce their cultural heritage to tourists. This study also shows that different urban transformation processes overlap and occur simultaneously in the historic neighborhoods of Kashan, generated by different investors.","PeriodicalId":44088,"journal":{"name":"Heritage and Society","volume":"14 1","pages":"304 - 326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42437303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/2159032X.2022.2098652
Pattarachit Choompol Gozzoli, Roberto B. Gozzoli
ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the success or otherwise of the prehistoric World Heritage (WH) of Ban Chiang, Thailand. The site remains an exception among the WH registered sites, as its heritage is buried under modern houses, while the early claims for remarkable antiquity were the principal criterion for WH inscription. The registration in 1992 aimed to protect the site from further looting devastation, which by then had spanned a couple of decades, through regulations and anticipated tourism income as incentives for heritage protection. Preceded by the tourists’ statistics of the site and an analysis of local stakeholders’ involvement in tourism and its activities, the study employs the Market Values/ Robusticity Matrix originally advocated by du Cros and McKercher, to determine the heritage and tourism strength and weaknesses. The Market Values/Robusticity Matrix of Ban Chiang reveals that only a wider modification of the site and relative promotion would improve the number of tourists. From the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) point of view, Ban Chiang does not meet the original criteria of its registration. Therefore, whether sites not responding to the original criteria of registration should be deleted from the World Heritage list is also discussed.
{"title":"Outstanding Universal Value and Sustainability at Ban Chiang World Heritage, Thailand","authors":"Pattarachit Choompol Gozzoli, Roberto B. Gozzoli","doi":"10.1080/2159032X.2022.2098652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2159032X.2022.2098652","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the success or otherwise of the prehistoric World Heritage (WH) of Ban Chiang, Thailand. The site remains an exception among the WH registered sites, as its heritage is buried under modern houses, while the early claims for remarkable antiquity were the principal criterion for WH inscription. The registration in 1992 aimed to protect the site from further looting devastation, which by then had spanned a couple of decades, through regulations and anticipated tourism income as incentives for heritage protection. Preceded by the tourists’ statistics of the site and an analysis of local stakeholders’ involvement in tourism and its activities, the study employs the Market Values/ Robusticity Matrix originally advocated by du Cros and McKercher, to determine the heritage and tourism strength and weaknesses. The Market Values/Robusticity Matrix of Ban Chiang reveals that only a wider modification of the site and relative promotion would improve the number of tourists. From the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) point of view, Ban Chiang does not meet the original criteria of its registration. Therefore, whether sites not responding to the original criteria of registration should be deleted from the World Heritage list is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":44088,"journal":{"name":"Heritage and Society","volume":"14 1","pages":"184 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47187959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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