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Postal networks and global letters in Cartagena de Indias: the overseas mail in the Spanish empire in the eighteenth century 卡塔赫纳的邮政网络和全球信件:18世纪西班牙帝国的海外邮件
IF 0.4 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.1902199
Rocío Moreno-Cabanillas
ABSTRACT In the eighteenth century, all European colonial empires undertook the task of institutionalising their postal systems. Within the framework of the Bourbon reforms, the Spanish monarchy embarked upon reforming the postal system within the Spanish America with the aim of making transatlantic communications more reliable and regular. These plans, however, were hampered by an ongoing power struggle between all agents with a stake in the circulation of information. This is clearly reflected in the postal office in Cartagena de Indias, which was a key node for the Crown and a point of confluence for the strategies and interests of different local and global powers; the office, therefore, represented the polyhedric reality of postal communication. This paper shows that the institution had its own agency by constituting one of the main power tools, which is a reflection of the close relationship that exists between empire and communication.
摘要十八世纪,所有欧洲殖民帝国都承担了邮政系统制度化的任务。在波旁改革的框架内,西班牙君主制开始改革西班牙美洲的邮政系统,目的是使跨大西洋的通信更加可靠和正常。然而,这些计划因所有与信息流通有利害关系的特工之间持续的权力斗争而受阻。这一点在卡塔赫纳德印第亚斯的邮政局中得到了明确的反映,这是王室的一个关键节点,也是不同地方和全球大国战略和利益的汇合点;因此,该办公室代表了邮政通信的多面体现实。本文认为,制度作为主要的权力工具之一,具有自己的能动性,这反映了帝国与传播之间存在着密切的关系。
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引用次数: 3
The Jesuit Global networks of exchange of Asian goods: A “conflictive” musk load around the middle of the seventeenth century 耶稣会全球亚洲商品交换网络:17世纪中叶前后的“冲突”麝香负载
IF 0.4 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.1920791
Pedro Omar Svriz-Wucherer
ABSTRACT In 1648, a Portuguese ship that left Macau sank off the coast of the Philippines. The local authorities in Manila confiscated and sold all of its goods. This led to a dispute with the Jesuits, who claimed a certain amount of musk belonging to the Vice Province of China, the sale of which would support their religious mission. This article offers an analysis of this event, focusing on the dispute between the mentioned parties, but also as an example of the complex global networks of goods exchanges and economic interests in these regions of Southeast Asia in the middle of the seventeenth century.
摘要1648年,一艘离开澳门的葡萄牙船只在菲律宾海岸沉没。马尼拉地方当局没收并出售了其所有货物。这导致了与耶稣会士的纠纷,耶稣会士声称一定数量的麝香属于中国副省,出售这些麝香将支持他们的宗教使命。本文对这一事件进行了分析,重点关注上述各方之间的争端,同时也作为17世纪中叶东南亚这些地区复杂的全球货物交换和经济利益网络的一个例子。
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引用次数: 1
Frederico Baptista de Souza: the formation of a Black editor in the South Atlantic 弗雷德里克·巴蒂斯塔·德·索萨:南大西洋黑人编辑的形成
IF 0.4 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2020.1854569
Lívia Maria Tiede
ABSTRACT Frederico Baptista de Souza was born to a slave mother during the period of the Free Womb Law in Brazil (1871). After slavery’s abolition, Souza campaigned in favor of full citizenship for formerly enslaved people. Black newspapers in São Paulo originated from the clubs of people who were prohibited from enjoying the clubs attended by whites regardless of their class. I examine the Black press’ rise through Souza, founder of one of the region’s oldest and longest running racial groups, the Dramatic and Recreational Guild Kosmos. Apart from coordinating, producing, and editing papers, Souza wrote op-eds and figured among those who shaped public opinion about Brazilian racial matters, often articulating ideas and concepts from other regions of the world, especially the “uplift generation” of the United States. Souza’s life is evidence of a once thriving and engaging Black press in this corner of the Atlantic that was São Paulo.
摘要Frederico Baptista de Souza出生于巴西《自由妇女法》(1871年)时期的一位奴隶母亲。废除奴隶制后,苏扎在竞选中支持以前被奴役的人获得正式公民身份。圣保罗的黑人报纸起源于那些被禁止享受白人参加的俱乐部的人的俱乐部,无论他们的阶级如何。我通过苏扎来审视黑人媒体的崛起,苏扎是该地区历史最悠久、历史最悠久的种族团体之一,戏剧和娱乐协会Kosmos的创始人。除了协调、制作和编辑论文外,苏扎还撰写专栏文章,并成为影响巴西种族问题舆论的人物之一,经常阐述世界其他地区的想法和概念,尤其是美国的“提升一代”。索萨的一生证明了在大西洋的这个角落,圣保罗,黑人媒体曾经蓬勃发展,引人入胜。
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引用次数: 0
How to become an antiracist newspaper in the 1890s Black Atlantic: The ethical imperative of recirculation in Celestine Edwards’s Fraternity 如何在19世纪90年代成为一家反种族主义报纸——塞莱斯汀·爱德华兹兄弟会中再循环的道德必要性
IF 0.4 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2020.1823189
M. Bilbija
ABSTRACT This essay examines the print strategies of Britain’s first Black editor, S. J. Celestine Edwards (1857?–1894), during his tenure at the antiracist journal, Fraternity. I show how Edwards capitalized on “scissors-and-paste” methods to articulate connections between minoritizing processes in British colonies and the US, thus formulating a theory of Anglo-Saxonism as a power relation reproduced across empires. Via the pages of Fraternity, Edwards reassembled this inter-imperial formation as an antiracist one, relying on reprints from the African American and British colonial press. Building on Caroline Bressey, I argue that Edwards extended the journal’s function as a “relay station” for the colonial and African American press to his readers, whom he charged with memorizing and ventriloquizing Fraternity, and hailed as walking, talking issues of his paper. His directives to recirculate already reprinted texts inducted readers into an imagined community whose membership refracted across multiple publications rather than centered on one.
本文考察了英国第一位黑人编辑塞莱斯廷·爱德华兹(S. J. Celestine Edwards, 1857? -1894)在反种族主义杂志《博爱》任职期间的印刷策略。我展示了爱德华兹如何利用“剪刀-粘贴”的方法来阐明英国殖民地和美国的少数民族化过程之间的联系,从而形成了盎格鲁-撒克逊主义理论,作为跨帝国复制的权力关系。通过博爱的书页,爱德华兹依靠非裔美国人和英国殖民媒体的重印,将这个帝国内部的组织重组为一个反种族主义组织。在卡罗琳·布雷西的基础上,我认为爱德华兹将《华尔街日报》作为殖民地和非裔美国人媒体的“中继站”的功能扩展到了他的读者身上,他要求读者记住和口述《博爱》,并称赞他的报纸是会走路、会说话的问题。他对已经重印的文本进行再循环的指示,将读者引入了一个想象中的社区,其成员分布在多个出版物中,而不是集中在一个出版物上。
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引用次数: 0
Trajectories in Black Atlantic print culture studies: A virtual roundtable 黑大西洋印刷文化研究的轨迹:虚拟圆桌会议
IF 0.4 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.1915656
Nele Sawallisch, Joanna J. Seibert
ABSTRACT The following conversation with leading scholars in the fields of Black Atlantic literatures and cultures, life writing, and literary studies offers a number of considerations on the state of Black (Atlantic) print culture studies, its potential to revise our understanding of African American literature, its intersections with other disciplines and contemporary fiction, and its lasting radical legacies. In so doing, the discussion comes full circle by harking back to the work of Frances Smith Foster, who opens this collection, as part of the genealogy of scholarship on Black print culture.
摘要以下是与黑人大西洋文学和文化、生活写作和文学研究领域的领军学者的对话,他们对黑人(大西洋)印刷文化研究的现状、它有可能改变我们对非裔美国人文学的理解、它与其他学科和当代小说的交叉、,及其持久的激进遗产。在这样做的过程中,讨论又回到了弗朗西丝·史密斯·福斯特的作品,他打开了这本书集,作为黑印刷文化学术谱系的一部分。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction: Atlantic interventions of Black editorship in the long nineteenth century 引言:十九世纪黑人编辑的大西洋干预
IF 0.4 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.1915667
Nele Sawallisch, Joanna J. Seibert
ABSTRACT Black people’s contributions to print ventures have been constant and manifold across the Atlantic world during the past centuries. If enslavement and forced labor dictated their involvement in many instances, Black people from early on also adopted the roles of authors, contributors, subscribers, and, notably, editors of different print materials. This collection of essays pays respect to different embodiments of Black editors in the Atlantic world, highlighting that from North to South America to Great Britain they occupied and promoted multifaceted roles, agendas, and poieses during a transformative period in the Atlantic world, the long nineteenth century.
摘要在过去的几个世纪里,黑人对印刷事业的贡献在大西洋世界一直是多方面的。如果说在许多情况下,奴役和强迫劳动决定了他们的参与,那么黑人从早期起就扮演着作者、撰稿人、订阅者的角色,尤其是不同印刷材料的编辑。这本散文集向大西洋世界黑人编辑的不同化身致敬,强调从北美到南美再到英国,他们在漫长的十九世纪大西洋世界的变革时期扮演并推动了多方面的角色、议程和政策。
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引用次数: 0
“After you, my dear Alphonse;” Or, when politeness and good intentions are not enough “您先请,我亲爱的阿尔方斯。”或者,当礼貌和善意还不够的时候
IF 0.4 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2020.1865015
F. Foster
ABSTRACT For a variety of reasons, emerging research areas can excite and often motivate people to explore and even contribute. But too often even for experienced scholars, academic prowess, good intentions, and curiosity are inadequate, even dangerous. Careful analysis of one's own strengths and weaknesses along with fastidious research and contextualization are essential if one's efforts are to produce accurate, complete, and useful scholarship. Targeted collaboration can be the vaccine against miseducation and misinformation.
由于各种各样的原因,新兴的研究领域可以激发并经常激励人们去探索甚至贡献。但是,即使对于经验丰富的学者来说,学术能力、善意和好奇心往往是不够的,甚至是危险的。如果一个人想要获得准确、完整和有用的学术成果,那么仔细分析自己的长处和短处,同时进行细致的研究和情境化是必不可少的。有针对性的合作可以成为防止错误教育和错误信息的疫苗。
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引用次数: 0
“Leave that slavery-cursed republic”: Mary Ann Shadd Cary and Black feminist nationalism, 1852–1874 “离开那个奴隶制诅咒的共和国”:玛丽·安·沙德·卡里和黑人女权主义民族主义,1852-1874
IF 0.4 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2020.1799707
Nneka D. Dennie
ABSTRACT This study argues that Mary Ann Shadd Cary theorized and practiced Black feminist nationalism as she edited the newspaper that she founded, the Provincial Freeman, and wrote a variety of pieces throughout her career. The decades-long union between her editorship and writing allowed her to craft a Black feminist nationalism that infused her writings, speeches, and activism during and after the newspaper’s publication. An examination of how the Provincial Freeman and Shadd Cary herself fostered public discourse on Black people’s labor and women’s rights reveals how Shadd Cary practiced and theorized Black feminist nationalism. The union between Shadd Cary’s resistance strategies – editing and writing – illustrates how Black editorship in the early Atlantic world created opportunities for editors to not simply disseminate, but produce knowledge. It affirms that editing was an inherently political practice that allowed activists to fashion themselves as both editors and intellectuals.
摘要本研究认为,Mary Ann Shadd Cary在编辑她创办的报纸《省级自由人报》时,对黑人女权主义民族主义进行了理论化和实践,并在她的职业生涯中撰写了各种文章。几十年来,她的编辑和写作结合在一起,使她形成了一种黑人女权主义民族主义,在报纸出版期间和出版后,这种民族主义融入了她的写作、演讲和激进主义。对省弗里曼和沙德·卡里本人如何促进黑人劳工和妇女权利的公共话语的研究揭示了沙德·卡里是如何实践和理论化黑人女权主义民族主义的。Shadd Cary的抵抗策略——编辑和写作——之间的结合说明了早期大西洋世界的黑人编辑如何为编辑创造机会,让他们不仅传播知识,而且创造知识。它肯定了编辑是一种固有的政治实践,允许活动家将自己塑造成编辑和知识分子。
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引用次数: 0
Haiti and the United States: In Black print 海地和美国:黑体字
IF 0.4 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2020.1798207
R. A. Johnson
ABSTRACT This essay examines the editorial positions of Thélismon Bouchereau and Frederick Douglass on abolition and Black uplift to explore a transnational, bilingual discussion of Black freedom in the Atlantic world. It surveys reporting in Haitian and U.S. newspapers, including La République and Douglass’ Monthly to argue that Black editorship of newspapers in Haiti and the United States provided a cohesive intraracial perspective of nineteenth-century Blackness and of the shared Black struggle for the abolition of slavery and for the uplift of free Black people across the Atlantic world.
摘要本文考察了Thélismon Bouchereau和Frederick Douglass在废除死刑和黑人崛起问题上的编辑立场,以探索一场关于大西洋世界黑人自由的跨国双语讨论。它调查了海地和美国报纸的报道,包括《共和国报》和《道格拉斯月刊》,认为海地和美国的黑人报纸编辑为19世纪的黑人以及黑人为废除奴隶制和提升大西洋世界自由黑人而进行的共同斗争提供了一个连贯的种族内视角。
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引用次数: 0
“It is to a great extent, a new book”: Josiah Henson, John Lobb, and the challenges of white editorship of Black texts “在很大程度上,这是一本新书”:乔赛亚·汉森,约翰·洛布,以及白人编辑黑人文本的挑战
IF 0.4 Q2 HISTORY Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2020.1772623
HANNAH-ROSE Murray
ABSTRACT Formerly enslaved African American Josiah Henson is well-known for his association with the character of Uncle Tom from Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin. Published in 1852, the literary phenomenon sold millions of copies throughout the nineteenth century, and also made a hero of Henson, who marketed his connection with the novel to great acclaim. However, Henson’s visit to Britain in 1876–1877, his revised edition of his narrative, and the accompanying book The Young People’s Illustrated Edition of Uncle Tom’s Story of His Life (1877) has received scant attention from scholars. This study will be the first to focus on The Young People’s Edition in detail, and how John Lobb, Henson’s benefactor, marketed Henson and his literary work, which demonstrated not only the struggles Black authors faced in a white supremacist environment, but also how activists like Henson managed to retain some sense of authorship over their work.
摘要:曾被奴役的非裔美国人乔赛亚·亨森因与哈里特·比彻·斯托的《汤姆叔叔的小屋》中的汤姆叔叔一角的关系而闻名。这部小说出版于1852年,在整个19世纪卖出了数百万册,也成为了亨森的英雄,他将自己与这部小说的联系推向市场,赢得了极大的赞誉。然而,亨森在1876年至1877年访问英国,他的叙述修订版,以及随书出版的《汤姆叔叔生平故事青年图鉴》(1877),却很少受到学者的关注。这项研究将首次详细关注《青年版》,以及亨森的恩人约翰·洛布如何推销亨森及其文学作品,这不仅展示了黑人作家在白人至上主义环境中面临的斗争,也展示了像亨森这样的活动家如何在作品中保持某种作者感。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Atlantic Studies-Global Currents
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