Pub Date : 2021-08-25DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.1913968
Jon F. Sensbach
ABSTRACT This study explores slavery and emancipation through the work of the painter Camille Pissarro (1830-1903). Sometimes called the “Father of Impressionism,” Pissarro, a Caribbean native of Sephardic Jewish descent, came of age during a cycle of slave rebellions and abolitions during the 1830s and 1840s. His earliest work focused on formerly enslaved people in the first phase of liberation. Pissarro’s West Indian studies anticipated his emergence as an influential avant-garde artist and left a rich visual archive of freed people. This study uses Pissarro’s art as a window onto the possibilities of, and restrictions on, post-emancipation life. It also argues that Pissarro’s aesthetic vision and stylistic innovations, influenced by his exposure to West Indian culture, connect the Black Atlantic and the Impressionist movement.
{"title":"Impressions of freedom: Camille Pissarro and the post-emancipation Caribbean","authors":"Jon F. Sensbach","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2021.1913968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2021.1913968","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study explores slavery and emancipation through the work of the painter Camille Pissarro (1830-1903). Sometimes called the “Father of Impressionism,” Pissarro, a Caribbean native of Sephardic Jewish descent, came of age during a cycle of slave rebellions and abolitions during the 1830s and 1840s. His earliest work focused on formerly enslaved people in the first phase of liberation. Pissarro’s West Indian studies anticipated his emergence as an influential avant-garde artist and left a rich visual archive of freed people. This study uses Pissarro’s art as a window onto the possibilities of, and restrictions on, post-emancipation life. It also argues that Pissarro’s aesthetic vision and stylistic innovations, influenced by his exposure to West Indian culture, connect the Black Atlantic and the Impressionist movement.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":"19 1","pages":"153 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47054747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-25DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.1930773
S. Thomas, N. Eaton
ABSTRACT This essay asks how colonial visual imagery might be interrogated alongside material culture in order to recover some knowledge of the quotidian lives of the enslaved. It encourages viewing that focuses on the material traces hitherto neglected by scholars: vessels for carrying fresh water. If archaeologists have focused on the tangible remains of pots, we suggest ways in which artistic representation might also offer insights into everyday living. Detail has become a recurrent theme in Art History precisely because it offers a methodology which allows the humble things of the everyday to become the focus of attention. Here we explore attention to detail as a way of thinking anew about colonial visual culture, focussing on the work of professional artist Agostino Brunias, a long-term resident of Dominica.
{"title":"Swollen detail, or what a vessel might give: Agostino Brunias and the visual and material culture of colonial Dominica","authors":"S. Thomas, N. Eaton","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2021.1930773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2021.1930773","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This essay asks how colonial visual imagery might be interrogated alongside material culture in order to recover some knowledge of the quotidian lives of the enslaved. It encourages viewing that focuses on the material traces hitherto neglected by scholars: vessels for carrying fresh water. If archaeologists have focused on the tangible remains of pots, we suggest ways in which artistic representation might also offer insights into everyday living. Detail has become a recurrent theme in Art History precisely because it offers a methodology which allows the humble things of the everyday to become the focus of attention. Here we explore attention to detail as a way of thinking anew about colonial visual culture, focussing on the work of professional artist Agostino Brunias, a long-term resident of Dominica.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":"19 1","pages":"60 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45338903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-25DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.1936405
Anna Arabindan‐Kesson
ABSTRACT This afterword uses the work of artist Patricia Kaersenhout and Black feminist scholars to reflect on the implications of working with colonial archives and their forms of erasure.
{"title":"Afterword: Witness to the archive","authors":"Anna Arabindan‐Kesson","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2021.1936405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2021.1936405","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This afterword uses the work of artist Patricia Kaersenhout and Black feminist scholars to reflect on the implications of working with colonial archives and their forms of erasure.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":"19 1","pages":"176 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44049724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-25DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.1920790
Temi Odumosu
ABSTRACT This study examines the complicated role that works of art play in colonial remembrance, and the ways in which they sustain stereotypes, biases and power relations over the passage of time. It takes as its case study Thomas Rowlandson’s hand-coloured etching, Rachel Pringle of Barbadoes (1796), which has been used as visual evidence for the fragmented biography of an Afro-Caribbean entrepreneur, mythologised as a brothel-keeper servicing the British navy, against the backdrop of slavery. Since the story of Rachael Pringle Polgreen (c.1753–1791) is well-known, I focus on an analysis of the artwork and its unusual composition, speculating reasons for its appearance in London’s print culture. Tracing the spectral afterlives of this print, I also argue that the image functions as a colonial keepsake, treasured as evidence of intimate connection between metropole and (post) colony.
本研究探讨了艺术作品在殖民记忆中扮演的复杂角色，以及它们在时间的流逝中维持刻板印象、偏见和权力关系的方式。它以托马斯·罗兰森(Thomas Rowlandson)的手工彩色蚀刻作品《巴巴多斯的蕾切尔·普林格尔》(Rachel Pringle of Barbadoes, 1796)为例进行研究，这幅作品被用作一个加勒比黑人企业家支离破碎的传记的视觉证据，在奴隶制的背景下，他被神话为为英国海军服务的妓院老板。由于Rachael Pringle Polgreen (c.1753-1791)的故事广为人知，我将重点分析这幅艺术品及其不同寻常的构图，并推测其在伦敦印刷文化中出现的原因。追踪这幅版画的幽灵余世，我也认为这幅图像是殖民地的纪念品，作为大都市和(后)殖民地之间密切联系的证据而被珍藏。
{"title":"This is how you see her? Rachael Pringle Polgreen of Barbados by Thomas Rowlandson’s satirical hand","authors":"Temi Odumosu","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2021.1920790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2021.1920790","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examines the complicated role that works of art play in colonial remembrance, and the ways in which they sustain stereotypes, biases and power relations over the passage of time. It takes as its case study Thomas Rowlandson’s hand-coloured etching, Rachel Pringle of Barbadoes (1796), which has been used as visual evidence for the fragmented biography of an Afro-Caribbean entrepreneur, mythologised as a brothel-keeper servicing the British navy, against the backdrop of slavery. Since the story of Rachael Pringle Polgreen (c.1753–1791) is well-known, I focus on an analysis of the artwork and its unusual composition, speculating reasons for its appearance in London’s print culture. Tracing the spectral afterlives of this print, I also argue that the image functions as a colonial keepsake, treasured as evidence of intimate connection between metropole and (post) colony.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":"19 1","pages":"10 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44270645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-25DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.1899745
T. Burnard, D. Coleman
ABSTRACT In 1775, on a tour of the West Indies, Henry Smeathman produced a sketch entitled Creole Delicacy or The Domestic Felicity of Africans in the West Indies (published 1788). The image depicts a flogging presided over by an elegantly dressed white woman slave owner, standing tall in marked contrast to her spreadeagled victim. Smeathman's aim is to present a naturalistic portrait of an everyday event, one which reveals the white woman's “private” flogging as continuous with the cruelty of the cane fields. Drawing upon both visual and literary representations of the cruel white slave mistress, including paintings, prints and drawings as well as travel narratives, diaries, and abolitionist and didactic literature, the authors show that white women's agency regarding slavery has been “profoundly underestimated,” leading to a double erasure of them and the enslaved people they owned. The authors conclude that white women were not innocent bystanders to slavery's brutality.
{"title":"The savage slave mistress: Punishing women in the British Caribbean, 1750–1834","authors":"T. Burnard, D. Coleman","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2021.1899745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2021.1899745","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In 1775, on a tour of the West Indies, Henry Smeathman produced a sketch entitled Creole Delicacy or The Domestic Felicity of Africans in the West Indies (published 1788). The image depicts a flogging presided over by an elegantly dressed white woman slave owner, standing tall in marked contrast to her spreadeagled victim. Smeathman's aim is to present a naturalistic portrait of an everyday event, one which reveals the white woman's “private” flogging as continuous with the cruelty of the cane fields. Drawing upon both visual and literary representations of the cruel white slave mistress, including paintings, prints and drawings as well as travel narratives, diaries, and abolitionist and didactic literature, the authors show that white women's agency regarding slavery has been “profoundly underestimated,” leading to a double erasure of them and the enslaved people they owned. The authors conclude that white women were not innocent bystanders to slavery's brutality.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":"19 1","pages":"34 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42170929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-25DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.1915666
Emily Senior
ABSTRACT This study addresses the well-known history of Victorian naturalist Philip Gosse’s popularisation of the marine aquarium through a new lens: the period he spent in Jamaica during the 1840s. Firstly, it reveals the importance of African-Caribbean collectors and naturalists to Gosse’s natural history practise and shows the impact of racialized ethnographic perspectives on Victorian natural knowledge. Secondly, it argues that Gosse’s observations of marine biology in Jamaica were significant for his developing ideas about examining and displaying sea creatures and informed his designs for British aquaria. Understanding Gosse’s aquatic displays as archives of living bodies sets Gosse’s contribution to Victorian aesthetic, museological and technological developments in the context of his natural history work in Jamaica.
{"title":"“Glimpses of the Wonderful”: The Jamaican origins of the aquarium","authors":"Emily Senior","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2021.1915666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2021.1915666","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study addresses the well-known history of Victorian naturalist Philip Gosse’s popularisation of the marine aquarium through a new lens: the period he spent in Jamaica during the 1840s. Firstly, it reveals the importance of African-Caribbean collectors and naturalists to Gosse’s natural history practise and shows the impact of racialized ethnographic perspectives on Victorian natural knowledge. Secondly, it argues that Gosse’s observations of marine biology in Jamaica were significant for his developing ideas about examining and displaying sea creatures and informed his designs for British aquaria. Understanding Gosse’s aquatic displays as archives of living bodies sets Gosse’s contribution to Victorian aesthetic, museological and technological developments in the context of his natural history work in Jamaica.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":"19 1","pages":"128 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45055566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-19DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.1895037
M. Pérez-García, L. Jin
ABSTRACT Due to China’s ongoing economic rise, recent studies in global (economic) history have moved away from the traditional Eurocentric view to a Sinocentric one. There is extensive literature focused on the introduction of Chinese goods to Europe, as well as on China’s economic development within the framework of the great divergence debate. However, less research has centred on the introduction of European goods to Chinese markets, specifically the markets in Guangdong or other coastal regions (such as Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangsu), before the First Opium War. This paper aims to side-step the Sinocentric approach, eschewing the current wave of national history in China, by analysing the international trade in Qing China from the Kangxi era until the Qianlong period. It provides new empirical evidence from the First Historical Archives of China (FHAC) by examining the impact on global trade of China’s imperial edicts and interventionist policies.
{"title":"The economic “micro-cosmos” of Canton as a global entrepôt: Overseas trade, consumption and the Canton System from the Kangxi to Qianlong eras (1683–1795)","authors":"M. Pérez-García, L. Jin","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2021.1895037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2021.1895037","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Due to China’s ongoing economic rise, recent studies in global (economic) history have moved away from the traditional Eurocentric view to a Sinocentric one. There is extensive literature focused on the introduction of Chinese goods to Europe, as well as on China’s economic development within the framework of the great divergence debate. However, less research has centred on the introduction of European goods to Chinese markets, specifically the markets in Guangdong or other coastal regions (such as Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangsu), before the First Opium War. This paper aims to side-step the Sinocentric approach, eschewing the current wave of national history in China, by analysing the international trade in Qing China from the Kangxi era until the Qianlong period. It provides new empirical evidence from the First Historical Archives of China (FHAC) by examining the impact on global trade of China’s imperial edicts and interventionist policies.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":"19 1","pages":"384 - 403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44046637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-19DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.1908084
Antonio Ibarra
ABSTRACT This research focuses on the operations of the Royal Company of the Philippines in the global market, in particular on the slave trade between Africa and Spanish America, as a way to examine the local dimensions of global trade. It identifies the causes and consequences of a failed venture that, despite its failure, opened a new cycle in the Río de la Plata slave trade and its place in the global economy of the late eighteenth century.
{"title":"Global trafficking and local bankruptcies: Anglo-Spanish slave trade in the Rio de la Plata, 1786–1790","authors":"Antonio Ibarra","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2021.1908084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2021.1908084","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This research focuses on the operations of the Royal Company of the Philippines in the global market, in particular on the slave trade between Africa and Spanish America, as a way to examine the local dimensions of global trade. It identifies the causes and consequences of a failed venture that, despite its failure, opened a new cycle in the Río de la Plata slave trade and its place in the global economy of the late eighteenth century.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":"19 1","pages":"430 - 447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47280997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-19DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.1947729
Nadia Fernández-de-Pinedo
ABSTRACT One of the sources that allow us to analyse certain consumption patterns are trade balances. These documents are especially relevant in the case of island colonies, such as Cuba, that depended on the outside world for many kinds of supplies, not just the basic ones. Despite their limitations, data on imported goods from Havana’s balance of trade at the dawn of the nineteenth century allow us to examine the consumer goods that were most in demand in Cuba at that time. This essay uses that information to emphasise the relationship between colony and metropole in terms of material culture, with a particular focus on the core items of food, clothing and household goods. Overall, patterns of consumption reflect patterns of production and imports.
{"title":"Compelled to import: Cuban consumption at the dawn of the nineteenth century","authors":"Nadia Fernández-de-Pinedo","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2021.1947729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2021.1947729","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT One of the sources that allow us to analyse certain consumption patterns are trade balances. These documents are especially relevant in the case of island colonies, such as Cuba, that depended on the outside world for many kinds of supplies, not just the basic ones. Despite their limitations, data on imported goods from Havana’s balance of trade at the dawn of the nineteenth century allow us to examine the consumer goods that were most in demand in Cuba at that time. This essay uses that information to emphasise the relationship between colony and metropole in terms of material culture, with a particular focus on the core items of food, clothing and household goods. Overall, patterns of consumption reflect patterns of production and imports.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":"19 1","pages":"404 - 429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42113582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-19DOI: 10.1080/14788810.2021.1930457
M. Pérez-García
ABSTRACT This project offers a comparative and polycentric approach to the connection of trade nodes in the Asian, American, African, and European markets in the early modern period. These analyses reevaluate the great divergence debate by presenting new case studies at the local scale and observing the impact of global goods and changes in consumer behaviour connecting local markets of the Pacific and Atlantic area. In this manner, we explore the circulation and consumption of Chinese goods in the Americas and in Europe, as well as in the African slave market through the Royal Company of the Philippines. Conversely, we also analyse the impact of the introduction of Western goods (of American and European origin) into China.
{"title":"Beyond the Silk Road: Manila Galleons, trade networks, global goods, and the integration of Atlantic and Pacific markets (1680–1840)","authors":"M. Pérez-García","doi":"10.1080/14788810.2021.1930457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14788810.2021.1930457","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This project offers a comparative and polycentric approach to the connection of trade nodes in the Asian, American, African, and European markets in the early modern period. These analyses reevaluate the great divergence debate by presenting new case studies at the local scale and observing the impact of global goods and changes in consumer behaviour connecting local markets of the Pacific and Atlantic area. In this manner, we explore the circulation and consumption of Chinese goods in the Americas and in Europe, as well as in the African slave market through the Royal Company of the Philippines. Conversely, we also analyse the impact of the introduction of Western goods (of American and European origin) into China.","PeriodicalId":44108,"journal":{"name":"Atlantic Studies-Global Currents","volume":"19 1","pages":"373 - 383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41886102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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