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Noir and Exilic Cinema: Fritz Lang’s Fury, Trauma, and the German Critique 黑色与流放电影:弗里茨·朗的愤怒、创伤与德国批判
IF 0.1 3区 艺术学 0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/01956051.2020.1832436
A. Young
Abstract: The influx of European émigré filmmakers into the US film industry during the mid-1930s led to an exilic critique in Hollywood films. This study analyzes Fritz Lang’s Fury (1936) to explore the relationships between exile and trauma, engaging with issues of displacement, memory, the victim/perpetrator duality, and the loss of “home.”
摘要:20世纪30年代中期,大批欧洲移民电影人涌入美国电影界,引发了好莱坞电影的流亡批判。本研究分析弗里茨·朗的《狂怒》(1936),探讨流亡与创伤之间的关系,涉及流离失所、记忆、受害者/加害者二元性以及“家”的丧失等问题。
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引用次数: 0
THE STRUGGLE BEHIND THE SOUNDTRACK: INSIDE THE DISCORDANT NEW WORLD OF FILM SCORING By Stephan Eicke. McFarland, 2019. 227 pp. $45.00 paper. 配乐背后的挣扎:在电影配乐的不和谐新世界里,斯蒂芬·艾克著。麦克法兰,2019年。227页,45美元。
IF 0.1 3区 艺术学 0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/01956051.2021.1923325
Deniz Özyurt
old lady wed to a ne’er-do-well. All three are portrayed as “responsible for their own impoverishment” (133), i.e., as “undeserving” poor. They appear rarely, for to bring them on screen too much might suggest the comfortable middle-class life enjoyed by the Ricardos and Mertzes was not within everyone’s grasp (as indeed it was not: in 1950, nearly one in three US citizens endured poverty). Furthermore, the show implies that racism is no “barrier to obtaining middle-class status” (134) and makes light of gender inequality, though in real life both contributed heavily to poverty. Decades later, updated but equally false stereotypes of the “undeserving poor” plague the small screen, as Jessica H. Zbeida shows in her analysis of The First 48. In this reality-based crime show, the nice, hard-working, well-educated, middleclass investigators—whose perspective we share through the camera—“use a suspect’s biography and identity to establish his or her delinquency even when a suspect has no criminal record” (254). Viewers are silently prompted to judge suspects based on their physical appearance, which can include hiphop style attire and/or tattoos, and “street” vocabulary. Victims, too, are sometimes linked to ethnic and racial stereotypes which may dim viewers’ sympathy, suggesting the victims’ deaths are more “a consequence of their identity” than “a result of social problems” (253). Zbeida adds, however, that hiphop artists have critiqued First 48 and police departments in three major cities cut their ties with it, suggesting change is in the air. CBS’s hasty dropping of The Briefcase, a reality show that pushed struggling people to judge their own versus others’ “worthiness,” is likewise encouraging. Precisely how Briefcase failed on both narrative and ethical grounds is the topic of Owen Cantrell’s essay. Finally, in his study of urban education in The Wire, season four, Chad William Timm shows how Mr. P learns to honor his students’ “cultural capital” and incorporates it into newly meaningful lessons. This book could serve as a good supplementary text in upper-level US history, sociology, and humanities classes, and its theme is timely enough that one hopes many civicminded adults will read it, too. Highlights not cited above include Lyrica Taylor’s study of inspirations (religious, artistic, and personal) behind Henry Ossawa Tanner’s The Banjo Lesson and The Thankful Poor, and Erin Wuebker’s analysis of New Deal–era posters urging syphilis patients to get treatment—or else fall by the wayside. The book’s flaws are few, though I find it odd that Lenz gives a free pass to photojournalist Jakob Riis, who certainly did much to perpetuate ethnic stereotypes in his 1888 work How the Other Half Lives. I would have welcomed an essay on depictions of poverty in animated cartoons, ranging from Depression-era classics Christmas Comes but Once a Year and Little Match Girl to 1958’s Robin Hood Daffy (“I’ll rob him of his gold and give it to some poor unworthy
老太太嫁给了一个碌碌无为的人。这三个国家都被描述为“对自己的贫困负责”(133),即“不应该”贫穷。他们很少出现,因为过多地把他们搬上银幕可能会表明,里卡多夫妇和默茨夫妇所享受的舒适的中产阶级生活并不是每个人都能掌握的(事实上并非如此:1950年,近三分之一的美国公民忍受着贫困)。此外,这部剧暗示种族主义并不是“获得中产阶级地位的障碍”(134),并对性别不平等轻描淡写,尽管在现实生活中,这两者都严重加剧了贫困。几十年后,正如杰西卡·h·泽贝达(Jessica H. Zbeida)在分析《前48人》(the First 48)中所显示的那样,关于“不值得拥有的穷人”的最新但同样错误的刻板印象困扰着小银幕。在这部基于现实的犯罪剧中,善良、勤奋、受过良好教育的中产阶级调查员——我们通过镜头分享他们的观点——“利用嫌疑人的传记和身份来确定他或她的犯罪行为,即使嫌疑人没有犯罪记录”(254)。观众会被悄悄提示根据他们的外表来判断嫌疑人,包括嘻哈风格的服装和/或纹身,以及“街头”词汇。受害者有时也与民族和种族的刻板印象联系在一起,这可能会削弱观众的同情,暗示受害者的死亡更多是“他们身份的结果”,而不是“社会问题的结果”(253)。然而,Zbeida补充说,嘻哈艺术家批评了First 48,三个主要城市的警察部门切断了与First 48的联系,这表明变化正在发生。哥伦比亚广播公司(CBS)仓促停播的真人秀节目《公文包》(The Briefcase)同样令人鼓舞,该节目促使挣扎中的人们判断自己与他人的“价值”。《公文包》究竟是如何在叙事和伦理两方面都失败的,这是欧文·坎特雷尔(Owen Cantrell)这篇文章的主题。最后,在《火线》第四季对城市教育的研究中,查德·威廉·蒂姆(Chad William Timm)展示了P先生如何学会尊重学生的“文化资本”,并将其融入到新的有意义的课程中。这本书可以作为美国历史、社会学和人文学科高级课程的很好的补充教材,它的主题非常及时,希望许多有良知的成年人也能读到它。上面没有提到的亮点包括Lyrica Taylor对Henry Ossawa Tanner的《班卓琴课》和《感恩的穷人》背后的灵感(宗教,艺术和个人)的研究,以及Erin Wuebker对新政时期海报的分析,这些海报敦促梅毒患者接受治疗,否则就会被抛弃。这本书的缺点很少,但我觉得奇怪的是,伦茨给了摄影记者雅各布·里斯一张免费通行证,后者在他1888年的作品《另一半的生活》中确实为延续种族刻板印象做了很多工作。如果能有一篇关于动画片中对贫困的描述的文章,我会很欢迎,从大萧条时期的经典作品《圣诞节一年只有一次》和《卖火柴的小女孩》,到1958年的《罗宾汉达菲》(“我要抢走他的金子,把它给一些可怜的不值得的懒汉”),因为这些作品肯定也会影响许多美国人从小就对贫困的看法和理解。
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引用次数: 0
POVERTY IN AMERICAN POPULAR CULTURE. Ed. Wylie Lenz. McFarland, 2020. 274 pp. including index. $55.00 paper. 美国流行文化中的贫困。艾德,怀利·伦茨。麦克法兰,2020年。274页,包括索引。55.00美元。
IF 0.1 3区 艺术学 0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/01956051.2021.1923324
V. H. Pennanen
Throughout a trim volume at 178 pages, Greven presents ample and useful chapter notes which include both extensive sourcing and compelling supplemental annotations, which will appeal to scholars in various disciplines including history, American studies, and media/communication, queer, and feminist studies. Early in the text, Greven notes that a central goal in this study is to take an apparently “lowbrow” popular text and treat it seriously in an attempt to reveal the multivalent meanings embedded in the series (9). In that effort, this book consistently fulfills its ambition. Michael McKenna Farmingdale State College Fordham University Michael McKenna teaches history at Farmingdale State College and Fordham University. His primary research interests are urban history, particularly New York City, and American popular culture, primarily television programming. He is the author of two books on the history of television: The ABC Movie of the Week: Big Movies for the Small Screen (2013) and Real People and the Rise of Reality Television (2015).
在这本178页的整洁的书中,格林展示了丰富而有用的章节注释,其中包括广泛的来源和引人注目的补充注释,这将吸引各个学科的学者,包括历史、美国研究、媒体/传播、酷儿和女权主义研究。在文本的开头,Greven指出,这项研究的中心目标是采取一个明显“低俗”的流行文本,并认真对待它,试图揭示嵌入在这个系列中的多重意义(9)。在这种努力下,这本书始终实现了它的雄心壮志。迈克尔·麦肯纳在法明代尔州立学院和福特汉姆大学教授历史。他的主要研究兴趣是城市历史,特别是纽约市,以及美国流行文化,主要是电视节目。他是两本关于电视历史的书的作者:ABC每周电影:小屏幕上的大电影(2013)和真人秀和真人秀电视的兴起(2015)。
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引用次数: 0
Algorithmic Intimacy, Prosthetic Memory, and Gamification in Black Mirror 《黑镜》中的算法亲密、假体记忆和游戏化
IF 0.1 3区 艺术学 0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/01956051.2021.1871584
Jin Kim
Abstract: Black Mirror (2011–current), an anthology science-fiction television series, portrays how digital technologies reflect and shape our dreams and nightmares about the current media environment. The ways in which Black Mirror depicts the world where digital devices are strongly tied to human consciousness and bodies can be elaborated by focusing on three keywords: algorithmic intimacy, prosthetic memory, and gamification. There are two major arguments presented. First, Black Mirror provides critical perspectives on quantified relationships, artificial memory, and social ratings. Second, at the same time, the ways in which this science fiction text portrays current media environments renders these critical representations of digital technologies ironically normalized.
摘要:《黑镜》(2011 -至今)是一部科幻电视剧选集,讲述了数字技术如何反映和塑造我们对当前媒体环境的梦想和噩梦。《黑镜》描绘了数字设备与人类意识和身体紧密相连的世界,可以通过三个关键词来阐述:算法亲密性、假体记忆和游戏化。主要有两种观点。首先,《黑镜》提供了关于量化关系、人工记忆和社会评级的批判性视角。其次,与此同时,这部科幻小说描述当前媒体环境的方式,讽刺地使这些对数字技术的批判性表述常态化。
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引用次数: 0
EXPLORING STAR TREK: VOYAGER: CRITICAL ESSAYS Ed. Robert L. Lively. McFarland, 2020. 278 pp. $39.95 paper. 《探索星际迷航:航海家:评论文章》罗伯特·l·莱弗利编。麦克法兰,2020年。278页,39.95美元。
IF 0.1 3区 艺术学 0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/01956051.2021.1923296
A. Sanna
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引用次数: 0
THE BIONIC WOMAN AND FEMINIST ETHICS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE 1970s TELEVISION SERIES By David Greven. McFarland, 2020. 178 pp. $39.95 softcover. 仿生女性与女权主义伦理:对1970年代大卫·格雷文电视剧的分析。麦克法兰,2020年。178页,软装39.95美元。
IF 0.1 3区 艺术学 0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/01956051.2021.1923321
Michael McKenna
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引用次数: 0
Cuban Television Police Series 1969–1981: A Weapon for the Revolution 古巴电视警察系列1969-1981:革命的武器
IF 0.1 3区 艺术学 0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/01956051.2020.1842315
Carlos Uxo
Abstract: This article analyzes the Cuban television production of police series between 1969 and 1981. It shows the relationship between the series, the cultural policy of the Cuban Revolution, and the primarily educational role of television after the 1959 revolutionary triumph. These series have been produced and developed, until today, under the strict supervision of MININT (Ministerio del Interior, Home Office) and the FAR (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias, Revolutionary Armed Forces), and perceived mainly as an invaluable means of propaganda and education. First, the article establishes the relationship between the sociopolitical context of the moment, Cuban cultural policies in the 1970s, and the decision to begin production of homegrown police dramas. Then, the series Sector 40 and Móvil 8 are examined. Both screened during prime time on alternating weekends for a decade (1969–1979), depicting the Cuban security forces’ fight against counterrevolutionary groups and common crime. Next, the article focuses on a number of series that depicted the work of Cuban agents who had infiltrated counterrevolutionary groups. Finally, the series El regreso de David is considered, to show how, by the time it was screened (1981), the Cuban sociopolitical context had undergone deep transformations, which rendered outdated the original formula.
摘要:本文分析了1969年至1981年间古巴电视制作的警匪片。它展示了这部电视剧、古巴革命的文化政策和1959年革命胜利后电视的主要教育作用之间的关系。这些系列的制作和发展,直到今天,在MININT(内政部部长)和FAR(革命武装部队)的严格监督下,主要被视为宣传和教育的宝贵手段。首先,这篇文章建立了当时的社会政治背景、1970年代古巴的文化政策与开始制作本土警察剧的决定之间的关系。然后,系列部门40和Móvil 8进行了检查。这两部影片在交替的周末黄金时段播出了十年(1969-1979),讲述了古巴安全部队打击反革命组织和普通犯罪的故事。接下来,这篇文章重点介绍了一些描述渗透到反革命团体中的古巴特工工作的系列文章。最后,考虑到《大卫的遗憾》系列,它展示了在放映时(1981年),古巴的社会政治背景如何发生了深刻的变化,这使得原来的公式过时了。
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引用次数: 0
AMERICAN BLOCKBUSTER: MOVIES, TECHNOLOGY, AND WONDER By Charles R. Acland. Duke University Press, 2020. 400 pp. $29.95 paper. 《美国大片:电影、科技与奇迹》查尔斯·r·阿克兰著。杜克大学出版社,2020年。400页,29.95美元。
IF 0.1 3区 艺术学 0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/01956051.2021.1923295
H. Humann
class, and racial contexts of sex and other intimacies they illuminate “black holes in our imagination” (29). These films reveal our own limited perspectives and help us to become aware of our inability to envision affective relations across difference and of our necessity to expand our imagination and literacies. Celine Parreñas Shimizu’s undeniable contribution to global cinemas is a fantastic read for film and cultural studies scholars and graduate students, as well as researchers in areas such as postcolonial, sexuality, and queer studies.
阶级、种族背景下的性和其他亲密关系照亮了“我们想象中的黑洞”(29)。这些电影揭示了我们自己有限的视角,并帮助我们意识到我们无法想象跨越差异的情感关系,我们有必要扩大我们的想象力和文化。Celine Parreñas清水对全球电影的贡献不容否认,对于电影和文化研究学者、研究生以及后殖民、性和酷儿研究等领域的研究人员来说,这是一本极好的读物。
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引用次数: 0
THE PROXIMITY OF OTHER SKINS: ETHICAL INTIMACY IN GLOBAL CINEMA By Celine Parreñas Shimizu. New York: Oxford University Press, 2020. 264 pp. $39.95 paper. 其他皮肤的接近:全球电影中的伦理亲密/席琳Parreñas清水。纽约:牛津大学出版社,2020。264页,39.95美元。
IF 0.1 3区 艺术学 0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/01956051.2021.1923291
Paula Talero Álvarez
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引用次数: 0
YOU’RE NICKED: INVESTIGATING BRITISH TELEVISION POLICE SERIES. By Ben Lamb. Manchester UP, 2020. 232 pp. $120 hardcover. 你被抓了:调查英国电视警察系列。本·兰姆著。曼彻斯特,2020年。232页,精装本120美元。
IF 0.1 3区 艺术学 0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/01956051.2021.1923309
K. Flanagan
T his highly focused book works through British television’s engagement with the police procedural genre, a mainstay of many national traditions. Ben Lamb makes careful distinctions about the genealogy he is tracing, noting that crime in general and detective traditions more specifically are not quite what he has in mind. Instead, he notes “I have chosen for analysis here series that regularly depict the routine work of police constables and detectives” (3). Whatever the correspondences to related traditions (Sherlock Holmes adaptations, for instance), Lamb is looking at the hard core of police television series over several decades, from Dixon of Dock Green (BBC, 1955–1976) to Broadchurch (ITV, 2013–2017). While this is a potentially limiting choice, his methodological choices make up for some of the inherent restrictions in the premise, in that the series under consideration mutate over time such that they come to embrace other genre traditions as a matter of course. First, a word of caution. The book does not do an especially comprehensive job of contextualizing British series in relation to other national television traditions until the end. The first half of the book is very specifically focused on the British television context, such that there is little room for comparison to the genre elsewhere, especially the United States. While reading the chapter on the 1980s, which (to be fair) does provide a fascinating exploration of feminist thought in such series as Juliet Bravo (BBC, 1980–1985) and The Gentle Touch (ITV, 1980–1984), I could not help but think about how these slow, methodical, and somewhat cramped/interior-focused series compared to the cinematic sweep and serialized plots of American series like Miami Vice (NBC, 1984–1990) or Crime Story (NBC, 1986–1988). I would have especially liked to hear about the reception of US series by British audiences, given the major differences in approach. Lamb gets better at this sense of comparative contextualization later in the book, though, in situating 2000s tech and sci-fi inspired series in relation to American counterparts such as CSI: Crime Scene Investigation (CBS, 2000–2015). The chapter on the series of the 2010s is even better in this regard, with Broadchurch and Happy Valley (BBC, 2014–) being discussed in terms of the boom for Nordic Noir, which has had a global resonance through remakes and re-imaginings, and whose focus on landscapes connects readily to the British tradition. Lamb’s approach throughout is to do close readings of a few series that form representative examples of the trends of a given decade. While there is some sense of the larger scope of cop-show series that were running during a given time frame, the book instead jumps quickly into close readings of the chosen series. Truth be told, I wanted a bit more mention of some of the other series, as many are unfamiliar to readers outside of the UK, and I left the book without feeling like I’d fully fleshed out a sense o
这本高度集中的书通过英国电视对警察程序类型的参与进行了创作,这是许多国家传统的支柱。本·兰姆仔细区分了他所追寻的家谱,注意到一般的犯罪和更具体的侦探传统并不完全是他想要的。相反,他指出“我在这里选择了那些经常描述警察和侦探日常工作的系列来进行分析”(3)。无论与相关传统(例如夏洛克·福尔摩斯的改编)有什么对应关系,兰姆都在研究几十年来警察电视连续剧的核心,从英国广播公司(BBC, 1955-1976)到英国独立电视台(ITV, 2013-2017)。虽然这是一种潜在的限制选择,但他的方法论选择弥补了前提中的一些固有限制,因为所考虑的系列会随着时间的推移而发生变化,因此它们理所当然地会接受其他类型的传统。首先,提醒一下。这本书并没有做一个特别全面的工作,将英国连续剧与其他国家的电视传统联系起来,直到最后。这本书的前半部分非常专注于英国的电视背景,因此几乎没有空间与其他地方的类型进行比较,尤其是美国。在阅读关于20世纪80年代的章节时,(公平地说)确实在诸如《朱丽叶布拉沃》(BBC, 1980-1985)和《温柔的触摸》(ITV, 1980-1984)等系列中提供了对女权主义思想的迷人探索,我不禁想到,这些缓慢、有条理、有点局部性/专注于内部的系列,与《迈阿密风云》(NBC, 1984-1990)或《犯罪故事》(NBC, 1986-1988)等美国系列的电影情节和连载情节相比,是如何的。我特别想听听英国观众对美剧的接受程度,考虑到两国在方法上的重大差异。兰姆在书的后面部分,将2000年代科技和科幻题材的电视剧与美国同类电视剧如《犯罪现场调查》(CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, CBS, 2000-2015)相比较,在这种比较语境化的感觉上做得更好。在这方面,关于2010年代系列的章节甚至更好,其中《小镇疑云》和《欢乐谷》(BBC, 2014 -)以北欧黑色电影的繁荣为背景进行了讨论,北欧黑色电影通过翻拍和重新想象在全球引起了共鸣,其对景观的关注很容易与英国传统联系起来。兰姆贯穿始终的方法是仔细阅读几个系列,这些系列构成了特定十年趋势的代表性例子。虽然有一种感觉是,在给定的时间框架内,警察剧系列的范围更大,但这本书却很快跳转到所选系列的仔细阅读。说实话,我想多提一些其他系列,因为英国以外的读者对许多系列都不熟悉,我离开这本书的时候,没有感觉自己完全充实了其他地方发生的事情。撇开这些保留意见不谈,细读还是很不错的。兰姆对空间有广泛的兴趣,每一章都关注警察局的空间,警察的家庭空间,以及两者的结合(当工作或工作破坏了警察的家庭空间;因此,兰姆将对表现的兴趣与更大的历史和背景潮流结合起来,为这些展览提供了素材:
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引用次数: 0
期刊
JOURNAL OF POPULAR FILM AND TELEVISION
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