Abstract Study aim: The study compared the effects of six weeks of complex-descending training (CDT), traditional resistance training (RT), and sport-specific training (i.e., active control group [CG]) on measures of physical fitness. Material and methods: Thirty-one female team sport athletes were randomly assigned to either the CDT group (n = 11), the RT group (n = 10), or the CG (n = 10), and were assessed before and after intervention for linear sprint (10 m and 30 m), change of direction sprint (CODS), standing long jump (SLJ), running based anerobic sprint test (peak power, average power), resting heart rate, Cooper 12-min run test, and body fat percentage. Results: ANCOVA with baseline scores as covariates revealed significant between-group differences for 10 m and 30 m linear sprint, CODS, SLJ, and Cooper 12-min run test after the intervention. The further post-hoc tests revealed significant differences between CDT and CG in 10 m and 30 m sprints, CODS and SLJ, with results favoring CDT, and between RT and CG in 10 m linear sprint and Cooper 12-min run test, with results favoring RT. However, no significant differences were observed between CDT and RT in any dependent variable. Conclusion: CDT is effective in improving 10 m and 30 m linear sprints, CODS, and SLJ compared to CG, and RT is effective in improving 10 m sprint and Cooper 12-min run test compared to CG. Therefore, supplementing sport-specific training with either CDT or RT may offer additional benefits in improving specific physical fitness abilities of female team-sport athletes.
{"title":"Effects of complex-descending versus traditional resistance training on physical fitness abilities of female team sports athletes","authors":"Aparna Rathi, D. Sharma, R. Thapa","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: The study compared the effects of six weeks of complex-descending training (CDT), traditional resistance training (RT), and sport-specific training (i.e., active control group [CG]) on measures of physical fitness. Material and methods: Thirty-one female team sport athletes were randomly assigned to either the CDT group (n = 11), the RT group (n = 10), or the CG (n = 10), and were assessed before and after intervention for linear sprint (10 m and 30 m), change of direction sprint (CODS), standing long jump (SLJ), running based anerobic sprint test (peak power, average power), resting heart rate, Cooper 12-min run test, and body fat percentage. Results: ANCOVA with baseline scores as covariates revealed significant between-group differences for 10 m and 30 m linear sprint, CODS, SLJ, and Cooper 12-min run test after the intervention. The further post-hoc tests revealed significant differences between CDT and CG in 10 m and 30 m sprints, CODS and SLJ, with results favoring CDT, and between RT and CG in 10 m linear sprint and Cooper 12-min run test, with results favoring RT. However, no significant differences were observed between CDT and RT in any dependent variable. Conclusion: CDT is effective in improving 10 m and 30 m linear sprints, CODS, and SLJ compared to CG, and RT is effective in improving 10 m sprint and Cooper 12-min run test compared to CG. Therefore, supplementing sport-specific training with either CDT or RT may offer additional benefits in improving specific physical fitness abilities of female team-sport athletes.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"77 6 1","pages":"148 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77647539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim: This study investigated the effect of taurine supplementation on exercise performance and recovery from resistance exercise. The study was conducted with a cross-over design in a double-blind manner. Material and methods: Ten resistance trained males (age 21.4 ± 2.01 years; BMI: 23.6 ± 2.5 kg/m²) ingested either a taurine (0.1g/kg) supplement or placebo (18 mg aspartame) prior to resistance exercise. Vertical jump, flexibility, balance, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate (HR), maximal voluntary muscle contraction, speed, lactate, glucose and perceived soreness and strain were assessed. The subjects performed two exercise trials with 1 week wash out interval. Blood samples were collected at baseline and before each exercise (chest press, abdominal crunch and leg extension) to analyse plasma levels of lactate and glucose. Results: Paired-T test results showed statistically significant increment (p < 0.05) in total volume (kg × #repetitions), chest press volume and leg extension volume. Repeated measure ANOVA results demonstrated statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in lactate and flexibility in trial and time, and in maximal voluntary isometric muscle contraction (MVIC) test in time, trial and trial × time in favour taurine group. No statistically significant differences were found in cardiovascular parameters, glucose, and balance parameters (p > 0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, 0.1 g/kg of taurine consumption before resistance exercise could positively affect exercise performance by increasing exercise volume and reducing lactate levels.
{"title":"Effects of acute taurine consumption on single bout of muscular endurance resistance exercise performance and recovery in resistance trained young male adults","authors":"Kaan Akalp, Ş. Vatansever, Gülşah Sönmez","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: This study investigated the effect of taurine supplementation on exercise performance and recovery from resistance exercise. The study was conducted with a cross-over design in a double-blind manner. Material and methods: Ten resistance trained males (age 21.4 ± 2.01 years; BMI: 23.6 ± 2.5 kg/m²) ingested either a taurine (0.1g/kg) supplement or placebo (18 mg aspartame) prior to resistance exercise. Vertical jump, flexibility, balance, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate (HR), maximal voluntary muscle contraction, speed, lactate, glucose and perceived soreness and strain were assessed. The subjects performed two exercise trials with 1 week wash out interval. Blood samples were collected at baseline and before each exercise (chest press, abdominal crunch and leg extension) to analyse plasma levels of lactate and glucose. Results: Paired-T test results showed statistically significant increment (p < 0.05) in total volume (kg × #repetitions), chest press volume and leg extension volume. Repeated measure ANOVA results demonstrated statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in lactate and flexibility in trial and time, and in maximal voluntary isometric muscle contraction (MVIC) test in time, trial and trial × time in favour taurine group. No statistically significant differences were found in cardiovascular parameters, glucose, and balance parameters (p > 0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, 0.1 g/kg of taurine consumption before resistance exercise could positively affect exercise performance by increasing exercise volume and reducing lactate levels.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"31 1","pages":"74 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81249331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim: The aim of the study was to determine the effects of body weight loss on the levels of somatic features and peak power of senior Greco-Roman wrestlers from the Polish national team. Material and methods: The study included 14 males, i.e. 7 wrestlers reducing their body weight and 7 wrestlers not changing their body weight. Seven days prior to a competition, the study participants began a 5-day process of losing body weight. The process involved reducing caloric intake from 3460 ± 683.1 kcal to 2160.0 ± 423.5 kcal per day. Results: Over the period of 5 days, the participants reduced their body weight by 3.1 ± 0.7 kg (p < 0.001). There occurred a decrease in the value of endomorphy (p < 0.01) and mesomorphy (p < 0.05) and an increase in the value of ectomorphy (p < 0.001). Peak power did not change (1296 ± 100.9 W on day 5 of the examination), nor did relative peak power (19.9 ± 1.1W/kg). Conclusions: In wrestlers 5-day rapid weight loss protocol may result in decrease of body circumferences and consecutive changes in somatic type without concurrent loss in lower-limb peak power.
{"title":"The effects of body mass reduction on the anaerobic power and selected somatic characteristics of Greco-Roman wrestlers","authors":"Stanisław Kuźmicki, A. Kruszewski, M. Kruszewski","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: The aim of the study was to determine the effects of body weight loss on the levels of somatic features and peak power of senior Greco-Roman wrestlers from the Polish national team. Material and methods: The study included 14 males, i.e. 7 wrestlers reducing their body weight and 7 wrestlers not changing their body weight. Seven days prior to a competition, the study participants began a 5-day process of losing body weight. The process involved reducing caloric intake from 3460 ± 683.1 kcal to 2160.0 ± 423.5 kcal per day. Results: Over the period of 5 days, the participants reduced their body weight by 3.1 ± 0.7 kg (p < 0.001). There occurred a decrease in the value of endomorphy (p < 0.01) and mesomorphy (p < 0.05) and an increase in the value of ectomorphy (p < 0.001). Peak power did not change (1296 ± 100.9 W on day 5 of the examination), nor did relative peak power (19.9 ± 1.1W/kg). Conclusions: In wrestlers 5-day rapid weight loss protocol may result in decrease of body circumferences and consecutive changes in somatic type without concurrent loss in lower-limb peak power.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"20 1","pages":"35 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86506516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grzegorz Szlachta, Przemysław Dębski, Kamil Kublin, Piotr Woźniak, Maciej Marek
Abstract Study aim: The functional assessment of patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is one of the key points in deciding whether one can safely return to physical activity. The aim of this study is to investigate the usefulness of the NEURAC® tests and single leg balance test (SLBT) in the functional evaluation of adolescent patients after ACLR to detect differences between the operated and non-operated extremity. Material and methods: A total of 31 physically active, adolescent patients (mean age: 15.7 ± 1.4 years) who underwent primary single-bundle ACLR using the autogenous semitendinosus-gracilis tendon graft were evaluated using the NEURAC® and SLBT tests (mean time from surgery to examination was 6.6 ± 1.0 months). All patients were operated on by the same surgeon, and postoperative physiotherapy was carried out using a standardized protocol. Results: Only one of the NEURAC® tests showed significant differences between the operated and non-operated extremities: prone bridging (3.58º vs. 3.97º, P = 0.01). Several weak and moderate, significant correlations between NEURAC® and SLBT tests were observed in the operated (r from –0.42 to 0.37) and non-operated (r from –0.37 to –0.43) extremities Conclusions: The NEURAC® tests in comparison to SLBT seems to be more effective for detecting functional differences between the operated and non-operated extremity in adolescent patients about 6 months post-ACLR. Correlations between the outcomes of the NEURAC® tests and SLBT are not clear.
{"title":"Myofascial and balance tests after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in adolescent patients","authors":"Grzegorz Szlachta, Przemysław Dębski, Kamil Kublin, Piotr Woźniak, Maciej Marek","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: The functional assessment of patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is one of the key points in deciding whether one can safely return to physical activity. The aim of this study is to investigate the usefulness of the NEURAC® tests and single leg balance test (SLBT) in the functional evaluation of adolescent patients after ACLR to detect differences between the operated and non-operated extremity. Material and methods: A total of 31 physically active, adolescent patients (mean age: 15.7 ± 1.4 years) who underwent primary single-bundle ACLR using the autogenous semitendinosus-gracilis tendon graft were evaluated using the NEURAC® and SLBT tests (mean time from surgery to examination was 6.6 ± 1.0 months). All patients were operated on by the same surgeon, and postoperative physiotherapy was carried out using a standardized protocol. Results: Only one of the NEURAC® tests showed significant differences between the operated and non-operated extremities: prone bridging (3.58º vs. 3.97º, P = 0.01). Several weak and moderate, significant correlations between NEURAC® and SLBT tests were observed in the operated (r from –0.42 to 0.37) and non-operated (r from –0.37 to –0.43) extremities Conclusions: The NEURAC® tests in comparison to SLBT seems to be more effective for detecting functional differences between the operated and non-operated extremity in adolescent patients about 6 months post-ACLR. Correlations between the outcomes of the NEURAC® tests and SLBT are not clear.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"70 2 1","pages":"172 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83337908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the type of combat sport and the degree of athletic proficiency on the specificity of musculoskeletal injuries suffered by Muay Thai and Mixed Martial Arts practitioners. Material and methods: The study involved 64 practitioners of two combat sports, MT (age 26.9 ± 8.1, experience 7.4 ± 5.8 years) or MMA (age 26.2 ± 6.4 years, experience 6.6 ± 4.1 years). The research was conducted using a Google Forms survey. Results: The groups did not differ significantly (p < 0.05) in terms of risk of injury (average 3.1 in MT, 2.6 in MMA). Injuries (mainly fractures 21% and 7% of practitioners) affected the lower limb (44% and 33% practitioners) and were significantly higher in MT, p < 0.05. There were significant (p < 0.05) correlations between training experience and the number of training hours per week compared to the frequency and severity of injuries in both groups. Conclusion: Injuries to athletes who mainly use striking techniques are more common in the lower limbs and they are more likely to be fractures. Longer training experience, more training hours and a higher level of athletic proficiency significantly increase the risk of injuries and their severity among people practicing both types of combat sports.
摘要研究目的:本研究的目的是确定格斗运动类型和运动熟练程度对泰拳和综合格斗练习者肌肉骨骼损伤特异性的影响。材料与方法:研究对象为64名搏击类运动员，分别为MT(年龄26.9±8.1岁，经验7.4±5.8岁)和MMA(年龄26.2±6.4岁，经验6.6±4.1岁)。这项研究是通过谷歌表单调查进行的。结果:两组在损伤风险方面无显著差异(p < 0.05) (MT平均3.1,MMA平均2.6)。下肢损伤(以骨折为主，分别占21%和7%)(44%和33%)，MT损伤发生率显著高于MT, p < 0.05。两组的训练经验与每周训练时数与受伤频率和严重程度之间存在显著相关性(p < 0.05)。结论:以打击技术为主的运动员下肢损伤多见，且易发生骨折。更长的训练经验，更多的训练时间和更高水平的运动熟练程度显著增加了受伤的风险及其严重程度，在练习这两种类型的格斗运动中。
{"title":"Epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in combat sports practitioners","authors":"Tomasz Sobieraj, K. Kaczmarczyk, A. Wit","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the type of combat sport and the degree of athletic proficiency on the specificity of musculoskeletal injuries suffered by Muay Thai and Mixed Martial Arts practitioners. Material and methods: The study involved 64 practitioners of two combat sports, MT (age 26.9 ± 8.1, experience 7.4 ± 5.8 years) or MMA (age 26.2 ± 6.4 years, experience 6.6 ± 4.1 years). The research was conducted using a Google Forms survey. Results: The groups did not differ significantly (p < 0.05) in terms of risk of injury (average 3.1 in MT, 2.6 in MMA). Injuries (mainly fractures 21% and 7% of practitioners) affected the lower limb (44% and 33% practitioners) and were significantly higher in MT, p < 0.05. There were significant (p < 0.05) correlations between training experience and the number of training hours per week compared to the frequency and severity of injuries in both groups. Conclusion: Injuries to athletes who mainly use striking techniques are more common in the lower limbs and they are more likely to be fractures. Longer training experience, more training hours and a higher level of athletic proficiency significantly increase the risk of injuries and their severity among people practicing both types of combat sports.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"107 1","pages":"27 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77187264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim: To compare the effect of premodulated interferential current (PREMOD IFC) and diadynamic current (DD) with exercise training on the management of lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET). Material and methods: One hundred and four patients with unilateral LET from both genders (55 females and 49 males) were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A received PREMOD IFC in addition to the exercises, and group B received DD with the same exercises. The outcomes were maximum grip strength assessed by the hand dynamometer, the pinch strength assessed by the pinch gauge dynamometer, and pain and functional disability of the forearm assessed by a patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation (PRTEE) questionnaire. All participants received electrical stimulation, consisting of three sessions per week for six weeks. Results: The mean PRTEE score, and grip strength were significantly improved after six weeks in favour of group A, while there was no significant difference between the two groups in pinch strength. (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results revealed that the combination of PREMOD IFC with exercises could improve pain, functional disability, and grip strength compared to DD with exercises in LET patients without a significant difference between the two groups in pinch strength.
{"title":"Effect of premodulated interferential current versus diadynamic current on the management of lateral elbow tendinopathy","authors":"E. Abdelatief, Bassam Ahmed Nabil Abd Almaboud","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: To compare the effect of premodulated interferential current (PREMOD IFC) and diadynamic current (DD) with exercise training on the management of lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET). Material and methods: One hundred and four patients with unilateral LET from both genders (55 females and 49 males) were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A received PREMOD IFC in addition to the exercises, and group B received DD with the same exercises. The outcomes were maximum grip strength assessed by the hand dynamometer, the pinch strength assessed by the pinch gauge dynamometer, and pain and functional disability of the forearm assessed by a patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation (PRTEE) questionnaire. All participants received electrical stimulation, consisting of three sessions per week for six weeks. Results: The mean PRTEE score, and grip strength were significantly improved after six weeks in favour of group A, while there was no significant difference between the two groups in pinch strength. (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results revealed that the combination of PREMOD IFC with exercises could improve pain, functional disability, and grip strength compared to DD with exercises in LET patients without a significant difference between the two groups in pinch strength.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"10 1","pages":"17 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89198335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim: The aim of this study was to try to determine the factors that differentiate the height, weight, BMI, and age of high-level female handball players participating in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. Material and methods: The recorded study material was analyzed in the context of the position in the game, RAE, the continental location of the represented country, and geographical region. Statistical tests were used: Student’s t-test, ANOVA using the b-Tuckey post-hoc test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The results show that the position of the game differentiates the height and body mass, and the effect size is large. Differences occur for all positions in the game. Interactions were shown within the body weight, BMI, and age of the athletes. The highest average heights, weights, and BMIs are found in female players playing in the pivot, while the lowest are found in right wing. Conclusion: The factors that most strongly differentiate the height and weight of female players are the nominal position in the handball game. Center backcourt players are characterized by lower height and weight values than left back players, so it is necessary to determine average values separately for the mentioned positions in future analyses. The results indicate the presence of numerous interactions involving RAE, which indicates a substantive need for studies at other levels of play to confirm their occurrence.
{"title":"Anthropometric profile of the top-class female handball players participating in the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020","authors":"Paweł Krawczyk, Edyta Sienkiewicz-Dianzenza","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: The aim of this study was to try to determine the factors that differentiate the height, weight, BMI, and age of high-level female handball players participating in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. Material and methods: The recorded study material was analyzed in the context of the position in the game, RAE, the continental location of the represented country, and geographical region. Statistical tests were used: Student’s t-test, ANOVA using the b-Tuckey post-hoc test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The results show that the position of the game differentiates the height and body mass, and the effect size is large. Differences occur for all positions in the game. Interactions were shown within the body weight, BMI, and age of the athletes. The highest average heights, weights, and BMIs are found in female players playing in the pivot, while the lowest are found in right wing. Conclusion: The factors that most strongly differentiate the height and weight of female players are the nominal position in the handball game. Center backcourt players are characterized by lower height and weight values than left back players, so it is necessary to determine average values separately for the mentioned positions in future analyses. The results indicate the presence of numerous interactions involving RAE, which indicates a substantive need for studies at other levels of play to confirm their occurrence.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"20 1","pages":"121 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81750718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim: Main purpose of this study is to examine the effects of moderate-intensity exercises for eight weeks, combined with cardio and resistance exercises, on the cardiovascular risk factors for women. Material and methods:Atotal of 30 volunteer females between the ages of 40 and 65 participated in the study. The volunteers were divided into two groups as exercise and control. The exercise group was given exercises three days aweek. Height, weight, body mass index, waist, hip, waist-to-hip ratio, resting blood pressure, resting heart rate, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, glucose levels were collected before and after the exercise program. Results: There was asignificant decrease in weight, body mass index, hip circumference levels after the exercise program (p < 0.05), while no significant difference was detected for waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratios p > 0.05). While asignificant decrease in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and triglycerides levels of the exercise group was observed after the exercise program (p < 0.05), no significant change was found in glucose, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, and low density lipoprotein levels (p > 0.05). Conclusion: It was observed that moderate intensity exercises combined with cardio and resistance exercises resulted with positive effects on cardiovascular risk factors.
{"title":"Effects of eight-week aerobic exercises combined with resistance training on cardiovascular risk factors in women","authors":"Murat Akkurt, M. Ş. Ökmen, M. Polat","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: Main purpose of this study is to examine the effects of moderate-intensity exercises for eight weeks, combined with cardio and resistance exercises, on the cardiovascular risk factors for women. Material and methods:Atotal of 30 volunteer females between the ages of 40 and 65 participated in the study. The volunteers were divided into two groups as exercise and control. The exercise group was given exercises three days aweek. Height, weight, body mass index, waist, hip, waist-to-hip ratio, resting blood pressure, resting heart rate, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, glucose levels were collected before and after the exercise program. Results: There was asignificant decrease in weight, body mass index, hip circumference levels after the exercise program (p < 0.05), while no significant difference was detected for waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratios p > 0.05). While asignificant decrease in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and triglycerides levels of the exercise group was observed after the exercise program (p < 0.05), no significant change was found in glucose, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, and low density lipoprotein levels (p > 0.05). Conclusion: It was observed that moderate intensity exercises combined with cardio and resistance exercises resulted with positive effects on cardiovascular risk factors.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"29 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81518784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim: The aim of the study was to perform an anthropometric analysis of children of the minority population of younger school age from eastern Slovakia. Material and methods: The main aim of the study was to perform an anthropometric analysis of 6–10-year-old Romany children at primary schools in eastern Slovakia. In the study, we evaluated twenty measured anthropometric parameters in a group that consisted of 150 children (59 boys and 91 girls). Results: We compared the differences between the sexes and evaluated the body size effect between sexes. We found that in most of the measured parameters, the boys had higher average values. Conclusions: Our results confirmed differences in size for most somatic characteristics in the minority Slovak population. However, in order to confirm the findings, it will be necessary in future to evaluate a larger sample of children from Slovakia.
{"title":"Anthropometry of Romany school age children from eastern Slovakia","authors":"S. Duranková, A. Csanády, I. Ružbarská","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: The aim of the study was to perform an anthropometric analysis of children of the minority population of younger school age from eastern Slovakia. Material and methods: The main aim of the study was to perform an anthropometric analysis of 6–10-year-old Romany children at primary schools in eastern Slovakia. In the study, we evaluated twenty measured anthropometric parameters in a group that consisted of 150 children (59 boys and 91 girls). Results: We compared the differences between the sexes and evaluated the body size effect between sexes. We found that in most of the measured parameters, the boys had higher average values. Conclusions: Our results confirmed differences in size for most somatic characteristics in the minority Slovak population. However, in order to confirm the findings, it will be necessary in future to evaluate a larger sample of children from Slovakia.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"8 1","pages":"99 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87732459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim : POWERbreathe® S-Index Test is an accessible and functional evaluation of inspiratory muscle strength. The main purpose of this study is to present guidelines that allow to successfully apply the test in sports settings with high accuracy, robustness, and repeatability. Material and methods : Review of available literature and professional guidelines regarding traditional spirometry testing and POWERbreathe® trainers’ application was performed. The obtained information was summarized, analyzed, and interpreted to create POWERbreathe® S-Index Test guidelines and recommendations for practitioners. POWERbreathe® K4 and K5 (POWERbreathe International Ltd., Southam, UK) devices paired with Breathe-Link Live Feedback Software (POWERbreathe International Ltd., Southam, UK) were considered during the analysis and guidelines creation. Results : We recommend performing POWERbreathe® S-Index Test with 8 forceful and dynamic inspiratory maneuvers from residual volume to full inspiratory capacity, divided into 2–3 series of 2–3 maneuvers, in a standing position, after respiratory warm-up. Conclusion : POWERbreathe® S-Index Test may be a useful tool to measure functional inspiratory muscle strength in athletes. When performed with the presented guidelines, it can be successfully applied in sports settings with high accuracy, robustness, and repeatability.
摘要:研究目的:POWERbreathe®S-Index测试是一种方便、实用的吸气肌力量评估方法。本研究的主要目的是提出指导方针，使测试在运动环境中成功应用，具有高精度、稳健性和可重复性。材料和方法:回顾有关传统肺活量测定和POWERbreathe®训练器应用的现有文献和专业指南。对获得的信息进行总结、分析和解释，为从业者创建POWERbreathe®S-Index测试指南和建议。POWERbreathe®K4和K5 (POWERbreathe International Ltd, Southam, UK)设备与Breathe-Link实时反馈软件(POWERbreathe International Ltd, Southam, UK)配对在分析和指南创建过程中被考虑。结果:我们建议在呼吸热身后，在站立位置进行POWERbreathe®S-Index测试，从剩余量到全吸气量，分为2-3个系列，每组2-3个动作。结论:POWERbreathe®S-Index测试可能是测量运动员功能性吸气肌力量的有用工具。当按照提出的指导方针执行时，它可以成功地应用于运动设置，具有高精度、鲁棒性和可重复性。
{"title":"POWERbreathe® S-Index Test – guidelines and recommendations for practitioners","authors":"Tomasz Kowalski, Andrzej Klusiewicz","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim : POWERbreathe® S-Index Test is an accessible and functional evaluation of inspiratory muscle strength. The main purpose of this study is to present guidelines that allow to successfully apply the test in sports settings with high accuracy, robustness, and repeatability. Material and methods : Review of available literature and professional guidelines regarding traditional spirometry testing and POWERbreathe® trainers’ application was performed. The obtained information was summarized, analyzed, and interpreted to create POWERbreathe® S-Index Test guidelines and recommendations for practitioners. POWERbreathe® K4 and K5 (POWERbreathe International Ltd., Southam, UK) devices paired with Breathe-Link Live Feedback Software (POWERbreathe International Ltd., Southam, UK) were considered during the analysis and guidelines creation. Results : We recommend performing POWERbreathe® S-Index Test with 8 forceful and dynamic inspiratory maneuvers from residual volume to full inspiratory capacity, divided into 2–3 series of 2–3 maneuvers, in a standing position, after respiratory warm-up. Conclusion : POWERbreathe® S-Index Test may be a useful tool to measure functional inspiratory muscle strength in athletes. When performed with the presented guidelines, it can be successfully applied in sports settings with high accuracy, robustness, and repeatability.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135600363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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