Abstract Study aim: This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between biological factors, physical activity (PA), bone turnover markers (BTMs) and bone mineral density (BMD) in women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and healthy. Material and methods: The study included 135 women. Bone parameters were measured by the densitometry. Calcium, phosphorus, osteocalcin (OC), total alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), vitamin D and cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) were measured in blood serum. PA were evaluated by metabolic equivalent of task (MET). Results: Women with SCH had lower BMD in hip and lumbar spine, calcium, vitamin D and higher values of ICTP than the healthy group. In women with SCH, the affecting BMD in the femoral neck were ICTP (µg/l), (η² = 0.083), and also 25(OH)D (ng/ml), (η² = 0.080) and PA level (I/S), (η² = 0.115). BMD in the spine was affected by PA level (I/S), (η² = 0.173). The parameters affecting BMC in the femoral neck were 25(OH)D (ng/ml), (η² = 0.073). In all women sufficient levels of PA determined higher BMD. Conclusions: PA and BTMs significantly determine BMD levels. PA can be an important area of rehabilitation and physical therapy as an available measure to counteract BMD loss in postmenopausal healthy women and those with SCH.
摘要 研究目的：本横断面研究探讨了亚临床甲状腺功能减退症（SCH）女性和健康女性的生物因素、体力活动（PA）、骨转换标志物（BTMs）和骨矿物质密度（BMD）之间的关系。材料和方法研究包括 135 名妇女。骨密度测量法测量了骨参数。测量血清中的钙、磷、骨钙素（OC）、总碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶（BALP）、维生素 D 和 I 型胶原交联羧基端肽（ICTP）。通过任务代谢当量（MET）对 PA 进行评估。结果显示与健康组相比，患有 SCH 的妇女髋部和腰椎的 BMD 值、钙、维生素 D 值较低，而 ICTP 值较高。影响 SCH 女性股骨颈 BMD 的因素包括：ICTP（微克/升）（η² = 0.083）、25（OH）D（纳克/毫升）（η² = 0.080）和 PA 水平（I/S）（η² = 0.115）。脊柱的 BMD 受 PA 水平（I/S）（η² = 0.173）的影响。影响股骨颈 BMC 的参数是 25（OH）D（纳克/毫升），（η² = 0.073）。在所有女性中，充足的 PA 水平决定了较高的 BMD。结论PA 和 BTMs 对 BMD 水平有明显的决定作用。PA 可作为康复和物理治疗的一个重要领域，是对抗绝经后健康妇女和 SCH 患者 BMD 损失的一种可用措施。
{"title":"Bone mineral density in the various regions of the skeleton in women with subclinical hypothyroidism: the effect of biological factors, bone turnover markers and physical activity","authors":"A. Kopiczko","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2024-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2024-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between biological factors, physical activity (PA), bone turnover markers (BTMs) and bone mineral density (BMD) in women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and healthy. Material and methods: The study included 135 women. Bone parameters were measured by the densitometry. Calcium, phosphorus, osteocalcin (OC), total alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), vitamin D and cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) were measured in blood serum. PA were evaluated by metabolic equivalent of task (MET). Results: Women with SCH had lower BMD in hip and lumbar spine, calcium, vitamin D and higher values of ICTP than the healthy group. In women with SCH, the affecting BMD in the femoral neck were ICTP (µg/l), (η² = 0.083), and also 25(OH)D (ng/ml), (η² = 0.080) and PA level (I/S), (η² = 0.115). BMD in the spine was affected by PA level (I/S), (η² = 0.173). The parameters affecting BMC in the femoral neck were 25(OH)D (ng/ml), (η² = 0.073). In all women sufficient levels of PA determined higher BMD. Conclusions: PA and BTMs significantly determine BMD levels. PA can be an important area of rehabilitation and physical therapy as an available measure to counteract BMD loss in postmenopausal healthy women and those with SCH.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":" 3","pages":"1 - 11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139140709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim: To evaluate circulating lipoproteins, glucose, insulin and the index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in male Polish students with normal BMI and waist circumference (WC) in the context of their physical activity. Material and methods: A total 170 male students with normal BMI and WC less than 102 cm were accepted for the study (56 sedentary and 114 physically active). Body weight and height were determined using standard medical equipment. Waist circumference was measured using non-stretchable tape. The percentage of body fat was determined from the sum of the thickness of four skinfolds. Circulating lipoproteins, glucose and insulin level was determined. Results: Active participants had significantly lower plasma TC, LDL-C, TC/HDL ratio, LDL/HDL ratio, insulin and HOMA-IR compared to sedentary subjects (P < 0.001). However, even among active participants, as many as 58% were characterized by high TG, 17% high TC, 12% high LDL-C and 20% high TG/HDL ratio. Conclusion: In male students with normal body composition according to BMI and WC distorted metabolic variables were observed. Additionally, physical activity markedly decreased but not eliminated these disturbances. Thus, using BMI and WC for body composition classification as healthy possibly provide a false results concerning metabolic status.
{"title":"Metabolic disturbances in sedentary and active Polish male students with normal body mass index and waist circumference","authors":"M. Malara, Patrycja Widłak","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2024-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2024-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: To evaluate circulating lipoproteins, glucose, insulin and the index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in male Polish students with normal BMI and waist circumference (WC) in the context of their physical activity. Material and methods: A total 170 male students with normal BMI and WC less than 102 cm were accepted for the study (56 sedentary and 114 physically active). Body weight and height were determined using standard medical equipment. Waist circumference was measured using non-stretchable tape. The percentage of body fat was determined from the sum of the thickness of four skinfolds. Circulating lipoproteins, glucose and insulin level was determined. Results: Active participants had significantly lower plasma TC, LDL-C, TC/HDL ratio, LDL/HDL ratio, insulin and HOMA-IR compared to sedentary subjects (P < 0.001). However, even among active participants, as many as 58% were characterized by high TG, 17% high TC, 12% high LDL-C and 20% high TG/HDL ratio. Conclusion: In male students with normal body composition according to BMI and WC distorted metabolic variables were observed. Additionally, physical activity markedly decreased but not eliminated these disturbances. Thus, using BMI and WC for body composition classification as healthy possibly provide a false results concerning metabolic status.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":" 6","pages":"12 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139141723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim: The practical application of vibration stimuli is increasingly observed in physiotherapy and sports. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of local vibration on knee-joint range of motion (ROM) improvement among male American football players. Materials and methods: The study consisted of 31 participants (age 22.9 ± 4.3), divided by knee injury (KI) history and nKI (no knee injury). The intervention involved the use of vibration on parts of the quadriceps muscle with a 10-second vibration and 5-second intermission protocol. ROM measurements were conducted in the prone position (PrP) before the intervention, immediately after, and after 10 minutes, as well as in the half-kneeling position (HkP) before and immediately after. Results: Knee ROM increased immediately after (p < 0.001) and 10 minutes after (p < 0.05) the intervention in nKI in the PrP, and there was a statistically significant improvement in the HkP (p < 0.001). There was no significant interaction between ROM in PrP and knee injury (F2,58 = 8.562; p < 0.001), but there were significant differences in the ROM before (KI: 133.9° ± 6.26°; nKI: 144° ± 4.06°), immediately after (KI: 137.3° ± 6.98°; nKI: 145.9° ± 4.64°), and 10 minutes after (KI: 136.7° ± 6.75°; nKI: 145.6° ± 4.5°) the intervention. There was no significant interaction between ROM measurement in HkP and knee injury. There was a statistically significant difference in ROM (F1,29 = 33.76; p < 0.001) before (KI: 141.4° ± 7.66°; nKI: 146.4° ± 7.17°) and immediately after (KI: 145.3° ± 8.22°; nKI: 150.2° ± 6.32°) the intervention in the HkP. Conclusions: Local vibration may increase knee ROM by improving soft tissue elasticity.
{"title":"The influence of percussion massage on knee’s range of motion in two positions","authors":"Natalia Klimowska, Karol Jaskulski, A. Zdrodowska","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: The practical application of vibration stimuli is increasingly observed in physiotherapy and sports. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of local vibration on knee-joint range of motion (ROM) improvement among male American football players. Materials and methods: The study consisted of 31 participants (age 22.9 ± 4.3), divided by knee injury (KI) history and nKI (no knee injury). The intervention involved the use of vibration on parts of the quadriceps muscle with a 10-second vibration and 5-second intermission protocol. ROM measurements were conducted in the prone position (PrP) before the intervention, immediately after, and after 10 minutes, as well as in the half-kneeling position (HkP) before and immediately after. Results: Knee ROM increased immediately after (p < 0.001) and 10 minutes after (p < 0.05) the intervention in nKI in the PrP, and there was a statistically significant improvement in the HkP (p < 0.001). There was no significant interaction between ROM in PrP and knee injury (F2,58 = 8.562; p < 0.001), but there were significant differences in the ROM before (KI: 133.9° ± 6.26°; nKI: 144° ± 4.06°), immediately after (KI: 137.3° ± 6.98°; nKI: 145.9° ± 4.64°), and 10 minutes after (KI: 136.7° ± 6.75°; nKI: 145.6° ± 4.5°) the intervention. There was no significant interaction between ROM measurement in HkP and knee injury. There was a statistically significant difference in ROM (F1,29 = 33.76; p < 0.001) before (KI: 141.4° ± 7.66°; nKI: 146.4° ± 7.17°) and immediately after (KI: 145.3° ± 8.22°; nKI: 150.2° ± 6.32°) the intervention in the HkP. Conclusions: Local vibration may increase knee ROM by improving soft tissue elasticity.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"52 1","pages":"181 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79437394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim: The increase in the number of professional climbers led to the development of climbers since early age. Therefore, the average age of elite climbers has decreased over the last decade. Consequently, age and maturity specifics should be investigated with the influential factors in climbing. This research aimed to investigate the forearm muscle strength in youth sport climbers and determine the gender, age, and maturity status as factors of influence on forearm muscle performance in elite youth climbers. Materials and methods: This research included 18 elite sport climbers (Croatian National team members), divided into two age groups: younger (aged 13–15 years) and older (aged 16–18 years). Variables included anthropometric indices (body mass, body height, body fat percentage, ape index), handgrip strength, and climbing-specific forearm strength. Results: Climbers did not differ between age groups in the studied variables. Also, no significant correlations were found among anthropometric/body-built indices and forearm muscle performances, with age and maturity offset. However, when gender stratified, there were associations between forearm capacity in sitting position and maturity offset in girls (r = 0.73; p < 0.05) but not in boys. Conclusion: Results could be explained by the assumption that each subsequent generation is better than the previous one. Also, the associations between performance variables and biological age in girls are probably related to girls’ earlier maturation and specificity of sports selection. Forearm muscle capacities are a crucial determinant of success in sports climbing, and a good assessment of these muscle groups could serve as a tool for sport-specific selection.
{"title":"Sport-specific performances in elite youth sport climbers; gender, age, and maturity specifics","authors":"Barbara Gilić, Dario Vrdoljak","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: The increase in the number of professional climbers led to the development of climbers since early age. Therefore, the average age of elite climbers has decreased over the last decade. Consequently, age and maturity specifics should be investigated with the influential factors in climbing. This research aimed to investigate the forearm muscle strength in youth sport climbers and determine the gender, age, and maturity status as factors of influence on forearm muscle performance in elite youth climbers. Materials and methods: This research included 18 elite sport climbers (Croatian National team members), divided into two age groups: younger (aged 13–15 years) and older (aged 16–18 years). Variables included anthropometric indices (body mass, body height, body fat percentage, ape index), handgrip strength, and climbing-specific forearm strength. Results: Climbers did not differ between age groups in the studied variables. Also, no significant correlations were found among anthropometric/body-built indices and forearm muscle performances, with age and maturity offset. However, when gender stratified, there were associations between forearm capacity in sitting position and maturity offset in girls (r = 0.73; p < 0.05) but not in boys. Conclusion: Results could be explained by the assumption that each subsequent generation is better than the previous one. Also, the associations between performance variables and biological age in girls are probably related to girls’ earlier maturation and specificity of sports selection. Forearm muscle capacities are a crucial determinant of success in sports climbing, and a good assessment of these muscle groups could serve as a tool for sport-specific selection.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"77 1","pages":"49 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87794435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shota Enoki, R. Kuramochi, Koichi Nakayama, H. Takigawa, Takuya Shimizu
Abstract Study aim: To determine the difference in joint angles of the shoulder, hip, and trunk (angle of the upper torso and lower torso) during vaulting between male pole vaulters with and without chronic low back pain (LBP) and to examine the relationship between the range of motion (ROM) and maximum angle of the same joint during vaulting in all participants. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study included 17 male vaulters. The participants were divided into two groups (chronic LBP and control) based on their questionnaire results. Four high-speed cameras were used to record at 240 Hz from the touchdown of the last step on the run-up to the pole straight phase. The vaulter cleared the bungee bars that were set at 90% of their personal best record. The ROM of hip flexion and extension, shoulder flexion, and straight leg raise were measured. Results: There was no difference in the joint angles between the chronic LBP group and control group. In contrast, there was a significantly positive correlation between ROM and the maximum joint angle during hip extension (p = 0.01, r = 0.58). Conclusions: Insufficient hip ROM may result in compensatory motion in lumbar extension during pole vaulting.
摘要:研究目的:确定患有和不患有慢性腰痛(LBP)的男性撑杆跳运动员在跳高过程中肩、髋和躯干关节角度(上肢和下肢角度)的差异，并研究所有参与者在跳高过程中运动范围(ROM)与同一关节最大角度之间的关系。材料和方法:本横断面研究包括17名男子跳马运动员。根据问卷调查结果将参与者分为两组(慢性腰痛组和对照组)。4台高速摄像机以240赫兹的频率记录了从最后一步着陆到极点直线阶段的过程。这位跳马运动员跳过了蹦极，达到了他个人最好纪录的90%。测量髋关节屈伸、肩部屈伸和直腿抬高的ROM。结果:慢性腰痛组与对照组关节角度无明显差异。相比之下，ROM与髋关节伸展时最大关节角度呈正相关(p = 0.01, r = 0.58)。结论:髋关节活动度不足可能导致撑杆跳时腰椎伸展时的代偿性运动。
{"title":"Differences in joint angles during pole vaulting between male pole vaulters with and without chronic low back pain","authors":"Shota Enoki, R. Kuramochi, Koichi Nakayama, H. Takigawa, Takuya Shimizu","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: To determine the difference in joint angles of the shoulder, hip, and trunk (angle of the upper torso and lower torso) during vaulting between male pole vaulters with and without chronic low back pain (LBP) and to examine the relationship between the range of motion (ROM) and maximum angle of the same joint during vaulting in all participants. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study included 17 male vaulters. The participants were divided into two groups (chronic LBP and control) based on their questionnaire results. Four high-speed cameras were used to record at 240 Hz from the touchdown of the last step on the run-up to the pole straight phase. The vaulter cleared the bungee bars that were set at 90% of their personal best record. The ROM of hip flexion and extension, shoulder flexion, and straight leg raise were measured. Results: There was no difference in the joint angles between the chronic LBP group and control group. In contrast, there was a significantly positive correlation between ROM and the maximum joint angle during hip extension (p = 0.01, r = 0.58). Conclusions: Insufficient hip ROM may result in compensatory motion in lumbar extension during pole vaulting.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"374 1","pages":"131 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83765788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miika Köykkä, V. Linnamo, Keijo Ruotsalainen, T. Rantalainen, M. Laaksonen
Abstract Study aim: As studies from shooting disciplines other than biathlon have observed associations between weapon accelerations and shooting performance, this study investigated whether accelerations of the rifle stock and aiming point (the point on the target where the rifle is aimed at) are associated with shooting performance, and differences in rifle and aiming point accelerations between the most and least accurate shots. Further, associations between rifle and aiming point accelerations were studied. Materials and methods: Shooting performance (HitDist, hit point distance from the center of the target) along with rifle and aiming point accelerations were measured from nine biathletes who performed 6×5 biathlon prone and standing shots. Results: In the prone posture, rifle or aiming point accelerations were neither associated with shooting performance nor with each other. In the standing posture, vertical rifle accelerations right before triggering were negatively associated with HitDist (r = –0.70, p < 0.05), whereas aiming point accelerations were not associated with HitDist. Horizontal rifle accelerations were positively associated with aiming point accelerations in standing (r = 0.74, p = 0.024), whereas vertical or resultant rifle accelerations did not demonstrate associations with aiming point accelerations. In both postures, rifle accelerations were of the same magnitude in the most and least accurate shots. Conclusion: Rifle and aiming point accelerations provide limited description of the technical level in biathlon shooting. Moreover, rifle accelerations alone do not appear to provide sufficient information to deduce the aiming point movements. Angular movement would likely be required for aiming point movement estimation.
摘要:研究目的:在两项以外的射击项目研究中，已经观察到武器加速度与射击性能之间的关系，本研究探讨了步枪枪托和瞄准点(步枪瞄准的目标上的点)的加速度是否与射击性能有关，以及步枪和瞄准点加速度在最精确射击和最不精确射击之间的差异。此外，还研究了步枪和瞄准点加速度之间的关系。材料和方法:对9名进行6×5两项俯卧射击和站立射击的两项运动员的射击性能(HitDist，击中点到目标中心的距离)以及步枪和瞄准点加速度进行了测量。结果:俯卧姿势下，步枪和瞄准点加速度与射击性能无关，两者之间也不相关。站立姿势下，扳机前的垂直步枪加速度与HitDist呈负相关(r = -0.70, p < 0.05)，而瞄准点加速度与HitDist无相关。水平步枪加速度与站立时瞄准点加速度呈正相关(r = 0.74, p = 0.024)，而垂直或合成步枪加速度与瞄准点加速度没有关联。在这两种姿势下，步枪的加速度在最准确和最不准确的射击中是相同的。结论:步枪和瞄准点加速度对冬季两项射击技术水平的描述是有限的。此外，步枪的加速度本身似乎不能提供足够的信息来推断瞄准点的运动。角度运动可能需要瞄准点运动估计。
{"title":"Rifle and aiming point accelerations do not differ between the most and least accurate shots in biathlon shooting within an athlete","authors":"Miika Köykkä, V. Linnamo, Keijo Ruotsalainen, T. Rantalainen, M. Laaksonen","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: As studies from shooting disciplines other than biathlon have observed associations between weapon accelerations and shooting performance, this study investigated whether accelerations of the rifle stock and aiming point (the point on the target where the rifle is aimed at) are associated with shooting performance, and differences in rifle and aiming point accelerations between the most and least accurate shots. Further, associations between rifle and aiming point accelerations were studied. Materials and methods: Shooting performance (HitDist, hit point distance from the center of the target) along with rifle and aiming point accelerations were measured from nine biathletes who performed 6×5 biathlon prone and standing shots. Results: In the prone posture, rifle or aiming point accelerations were neither associated with shooting performance nor with each other. In the standing posture, vertical rifle accelerations right before triggering were negatively associated with HitDist (r = –0.70, p < 0.05), whereas aiming point accelerations were not associated with HitDist. Horizontal rifle accelerations were positively associated with aiming point accelerations in standing (r = 0.74, p = 0.024), whereas vertical or resultant rifle accelerations did not demonstrate associations with aiming point accelerations. In both postures, rifle accelerations were of the same magnitude in the most and least accurate shots. Conclusion: Rifle and aiming point accelerations provide limited description of the technical level in biathlon shooting. Moreover, rifle accelerations alone do not appear to provide sufficient information to deduce the aiming point movements. Angular movement would likely be required for aiming point movement estimation.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"11 1","pages":"139 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74581340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Santos, Mateus Jurema Rino, Victor Luiz da Silva Lima, José Adilson Santos, Débora Eduarda da Silva Fidelis, Tiago Lacerda Ramos, Adelmo José de Andrade, Camila Tenório Calazans de Lira, Matheus Santos de Souza Fernandes
Abstract Study aim: To identify symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in Brazilian university students of both sexes and the association of physical activity parameters during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2021. Data on occupational and social variables and mental health symptoms were investigated using the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Hamilton depression rating scale, and Perceived Stress Scale questionnaires. Physical activity levels were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results: In total, 277 college students over eighteen years old participated in the study (66% female; 46.7% brown race). Higher scores and symptoms of anxiety and depression were observed in women (p < 0.0001). Anxiety symptoms were negatively associated with physical activity levels in women. Sedentary time, including sitting correlated with depression scores in women (r = 0.171; p < 0.05). Conclusions: University students are a risk group for the appearance of symptoms related to mental health. In addition, these disorders occur more frequently in females, and sedentary habits, such as more time sitting, were related to higher scores in depression and anxiety.
{"title":"Physical activity and mental health in Brazilian university students: An analysis in different sexes during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"G. Santos, Mateus Jurema Rino, Victor Luiz da Silva Lima, José Adilson Santos, Débora Eduarda da Silva Fidelis, Tiago Lacerda Ramos, Adelmo José de Andrade, Camila Tenório Calazans de Lira, Matheus Santos de Souza Fernandes","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: To identify symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in Brazilian university students of both sexes and the association of physical activity parameters during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2021. Data on occupational and social variables and mental health symptoms were investigated using the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Hamilton depression rating scale, and Perceived Stress Scale questionnaires. Physical activity levels were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results: In total, 277 college students over eighteen years old participated in the study (66% female; 46.7% brown race). Higher scores and symptoms of anxiety and depression were observed in women (p < 0.0001). Anxiety symptoms were negatively associated with physical activity levels in women. Sedentary time, including sitting correlated with depression scores in women (r = 0.171; p < 0.05). Conclusions: University students are a risk group for the appearance of symptoms related to mental health. In addition, these disorders occur more frequently in females, and sedentary habits, such as more time sitting, were related to higher scores in depression and anxiety.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"11 1","pages":"113 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86651045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim : The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of whole-body and local cryotherapy on pain and function of the osteoarthritic hip. Material and methods : The study included 40 patients (26 women and 14 men) aged 36 to 85 years with confirmed hip osteoarthritis. Twenty participants received whole-body cryotherapy whereas twenty received local cryotherapy in the hip region. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess the effects of therapy. Results : Based on the examinations, improvements in both reported pain and general functional status of the participants were observed in both groups. Slightly greater improvement regarding reported pain was found in the group of participants undergoing local cryotherapy treatments. Conclusion : The results showed that the analgesic effect of both whole-body and local cryotherapy noticeably increased the ability of the participants to engage in activities of daily living.
{"title":"Effects of local and whole-body cryotherapy on hip pain and general activity in the course of coxarthrosis","authors":"Patrycja Widłak, Sylwia Kaczmarek, Paulina Klimkiewicz, Monika Łopuszańska-Dawid","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim : The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of whole-body and local cryotherapy on pain and function of the osteoarthritic hip. Material and methods : The study included 40 patients (26 women and 14 men) aged 36 to 85 years with confirmed hip osteoarthritis. Twenty participants received whole-body cryotherapy whereas twenty received local cryotherapy in the hip region. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess the effects of therapy. Results : Based on the examinations, improvements in both reported pain and general functional status of the participants were observed in both groups. Slightly greater improvement regarding reported pain was found in the group of participants undergoing local cryotherapy treatments. Conclusion : The results showed that the analgesic effect of both whole-body and local cryotherapy noticeably increased the ability of the participants to engage in activities of daily living.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135600693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Thapa, Gopal Kumar, Anthony Weldon, J. Moran, H. Chaabene, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
Abstract Study aim: This study aimed to examine the effects of a six-week complex-contrast training (CCT) intervention on the physical fitness of male field hockey athletes. Material and methods: Participants were randomized into a CCT (n = 8) or control (CG; n = 6) group. Physical fitness was assessed pre- and post-six-week intervention using a 30 m linear sprint test, medicine ball throw, standing long jump (SLJ), countermovement jump with arm swing (CMJA), modified T-test (MAT), and unilateral isokinetic maximal strength test (knee flexion and extension) of both legs. The six-week CCT intervention was integrated as three weekly sessions within the sport-specific training schedule of field hockey athletes. Each session included four contrast pair exercises (e.g., squat + squat jump). ANCOVA with baseline scores as a covariate was used to analyze the specific training effects. Results: Significant differences between CCT and CG were observed in the 30 m sprint, CMJA, MAT, and isokinetic strength (p < 0.001–0.013) after the intervention, favoring the CCT group. Further, post-hoc analyses revealed significant pre to post improvements in all dependent variables for the CCT group (p < 0.001–0.001; effect size [g] = 0.28–2.65; %Δ = 3.1–16.3), but not in the CG (p = 0.169–0.991; g = 0.00–0.32; %Δ = 0.0–2.6). Conclusion: Supplementing regular field hockey training with CCT is recommended as an effective training strategy to improve the performance of linear sprints, vertical jumps, changes of direction, and muscle strength in amateur male field hockey athletes.
{"title":"Effects of complex-contrast training on physical fitness in male field hockey athletes","authors":"R. Thapa, Gopal Kumar, Anthony Weldon, J. Moran, H. Chaabene, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: This study aimed to examine the effects of a six-week complex-contrast training (CCT) intervention on the physical fitness of male field hockey athletes. Material and methods: Participants were randomized into a CCT (n = 8) or control (CG; n = 6) group. Physical fitness was assessed pre- and post-six-week intervention using a 30 m linear sprint test, medicine ball throw, standing long jump (SLJ), countermovement jump with arm swing (CMJA), modified T-test (MAT), and unilateral isokinetic maximal strength test (knee flexion and extension) of both legs. The six-week CCT intervention was integrated as three weekly sessions within the sport-specific training schedule of field hockey athletes. Each session included four contrast pair exercises (e.g., squat + squat jump). ANCOVA with baseline scores as a covariate was used to analyze the specific training effects. Results: Significant differences between CCT and CG were observed in the 30 m sprint, CMJA, MAT, and isokinetic strength (p < 0.001–0.013) after the intervention, favoring the CCT group. Further, post-hoc analyses revealed significant pre to post improvements in all dependent variables for the CCT group (p < 0.001–0.001; effect size [g] = 0.28–2.65; %Δ = 3.1–16.3), but not in the CG (p = 0.169–0.991; g = 0.00–0.32; %Δ = 0.0–2.6). Conclusion: Supplementing regular field hockey training with CCT is recommended as an effective training strategy to improve the performance of linear sprints, vertical jumps, changes of direction, and muscle strength in amateur male field hockey athletes.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"22 1","pages":"201 - 210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88121580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Osuchukwu, M. Agba, J. Anieche, Eshiga Otuokwa Agbor, Joy Nelson Obeten
Abstract Study aim: The purpose of this study was to ascertain how young women in Calabar South, Cross River State, were aware of the reasons and preventative measures for obesity. Material and methods: The study adopted the descriptive survey design using simple random sampling technique to select 400 participants (14–26years of age). Self-made and approved questionnaire was employed as a tool for data collection. With the use of descriptive statistics, the data was analyzed using frequency and percentages while chi square analysis was used to test hypothesis. Results: According to the results, a majority of respondents 65.9% had high understanding of the factors that contribute to obesity, compared to just 34.1% who had poor awareness. It was also revealed that short sleep duration, excessive use of technology, parenting and social hindered the preventive practice of obesity. Chi-square analysis showed that the calculated value 28.005a was greater than the critical value 7.81 (p-value = 0.000), thus the null hypothesis was rejected. This shows that there is a significant correlation between level of awareness of the causes of obesity and the educational level of young women. Conclusion: Nurses and midwives should educate young women about obesity during health consultations and prenatal clinic appointments in other to elevate their awareness to enhance their preventive practices
{"title":"Awareness and preventive practices of obesity among young women in Calabar South Local Government Area of Cross River State","authors":"E. Osuchukwu, M. Agba, J. Anieche, Eshiga Otuokwa Agbor, Joy Nelson Obeten","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: The purpose of this study was to ascertain how young women in Calabar South, Cross River State, were aware of the reasons and preventative measures for obesity. Material and methods: The study adopted the descriptive survey design using simple random sampling technique to select 400 participants (14–26years of age). Self-made and approved questionnaire was employed as a tool for data collection. With the use of descriptive statistics, the data was analyzed using frequency and percentages while chi square analysis was used to test hypothesis. Results: According to the results, a majority of respondents 65.9% had high understanding of the factors that contribute to obesity, compared to just 34.1% who had poor awareness. It was also revealed that short sleep duration, excessive use of technology, parenting and social hindered the preventive practice of obesity. Chi-square analysis showed that the calculated value 28.005a was greater than the critical value 7.81 (p-value = 0.000), thus the null hypothesis was rejected. This shows that there is a significant correlation between level of awareness of the causes of obesity and the educational level of young women. Conclusion: Nurses and midwives should educate young women about obesity during health consultations and prenatal clinic appointments in other to elevate their awareness to enhance their preventive practices","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"18 1","pages":"43 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86155919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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