Abstract Study aim The aim of this study was to analyze and compare performance data structure in two consecutive EHF Men's EURO competition in 2020 and 2022 in order to highline significance of differences in two-year cycle of European Championships. Material and methods Official game reported data of all 65 games of 24 teams participated in both tournaments was collected and analyzed in order to claim the tendencies in handball development. The data concerns number of attacks and shots regarding its context, on court location and efficiency, turnovers and goalkeeping efficiency. Mean Values (M), Standard Deviation (SD), minimal and maximal values (MIN, MAX) and percentage (%) were used in the analysis. The significance of differences related to the task was determined by the Mann-Whitney U Test. All the calculation and analysis were made using STATISTICA software. Results Significant decrease in the number of distance shots (9m) in EHF EURO 2022 in comparison to EHF EURO 2020 (−24.2%, p < 0.01) was revealed. The disparity within the performed actions of EHF EURO 2022 was found in greater number of shots taken from near distance center area (6 m Center) when compared to EHF EURO 2020 (+20%, p < 0.05). Higher number of breakthrough shots in 2022 than in 2020 (+19.6%) was noticed. Conclusions The analysis revealed changes developing in the characteristic of offensive structure, what should have impact on training routine in order to achieve high level of performance.
{"title":"Decreasing number of distance shooting in handball – trend of nowadays male handball competition","authors":"Marcin Smolarczyk","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim The aim of this study was to analyze and compare performance data structure in two consecutive EHF Men's EURO competition in 2020 and 2022 in order to highline significance of differences in two-year cycle of European Championships. Material and methods Official game reported data of all 65 games of 24 teams participated in both tournaments was collected and analyzed in order to claim the tendencies in handball development. The data concerns number of attacks and shots regarding its context, on court location and efficiency, turnovers and goalkeeping efficiency. Mean Values (M), Standard Deviation (SD), minimal and maximal values (MIN, MAX) and percentage (%) were used in the analysis. The significance of differences related to the task was determined by the Mann-Whitney U Test. All the calculation and analysis were made using STATISTICA software. Results Significant decrease in the number of distance shots (9m) in EHF EURO 2022 in comparison to EHF EURO 2020 (−24.2%, p < 0.01) was revealed. The disparity within the performed actions of EHF EURO 2022 was found in greater number of shots taken from near distance center area (6 m Center) when compared to EHF EURO 2020 (+20%, p < 0.05). Higher number of breakthrough shots in 2022 than in 2020 (+19.6%) was noticed. Conclusions The analysis revealed changes developing in the characteristic of offensive structure, what should have impact on training routine in order to achieve high level of performance.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"5 1","pages":"83 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88831110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Rajabi, E. Olszewska, A. Jankowicz-Szymańska, Farhad Rajabi, Marta Kinga Labecka
Abstract Study aim: To develop a reliable and valid questionnaire to assess parents’ postural knowledge. Material and methods: This questionnaire was conducted on 30 Iranian parents. The questionnaire assessed knowledge of abnormalities in body posture and ergonomic knowledge of parents, which were in line with their postural knowledge. The kappa coefficient (test–retest reliability) of the questionnaire included assessing its stability over 1 week among 30 participants. The validity of the content of the questionnaire was checked and agreed upon by three experts from three different institutions. Results: The kappa coefficient for 19 questions and their 46 sub-questions ranged from 0.30 to 1. Out of these items, 89% (n = 41) had a value of 0.6 or above and 11% (n = 5) were below 0.6. Questions were categorized as “no change expected” (0.86÷1), “change unlikely” (0.68÷1), and “change likely” (0.30÷0.68). Conclusions: The Parent’s Postural Knowledge Questionnaire was found to be highly reliable and its contents relevant for the assessment of postural knowledge among Iranian parents. This tool is appropriate for studying larger populations in the variable of interest.
{"title":"Reliability of a self-report questionnaire to assess parents’ postural knowledge","authors":"R. Rajabi, E. Olszewska, A. Jankowicz-Szymańska, Farhad Rajabi, Marta Kinga Labecka","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2023-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2023-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: To develop a reliable and valid questionnaire to assess parents’ postural knowledge. Material and methods: This questionnaire was conducted on 30 Iranian parents. The questionnaire assessed knowledge of abnormalities in body posture and ergonomic knowledge of parents, which were in line with their postural knowledge. The kappa coefficient (test–retest reliability) of the questionnaire included assessing its stability over 1 week among 30 participants. The validity of the content of the questionnaire was checked and agreed upon by three experts from three different institutions. Results: The kappa coefficient for 19 questions and their 46 sub-questions ranged from 0.30 to 1. Out of these items, 89% (n = 41) had a value of 0.6 or above and 11% (n = 5) were below 0.6. Questions were categorized as “no change expected” (0.86÷1), “change unlikely” (0.68÷1), and “change likely” (0.30÷0.68). Conclusions: The Parent’s Postural Knowledge Questionnaire was found to be highly reliable and its contents relevant for the assessment of postural knowledge among Iranian parents. This tool is appropriate for studying larger populations in the variable of interest.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"12 1","pages":"194 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78256573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seyed Mojtaba Paydar Ardakani, A. Pokrywka, Hamideh Dinari Ghuzhdi, B. Roozbeh, S. Rahmati, A. Abdolmohamadi
Abstract Study aim: To investigate the effect of a 2-week supplementation with Tribulus terrestris L. (TT) on the responses of testosterone, cortisol, and thyroid hormones including triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) following an intensive session of resistance exercise (RE). Materials and methods: Twenty-two healthy non-athlete men (23.8 ± 3.1 years) participated in this study were divided into two groups and were randomly assigned to receive either TT supplementation (n = 11) or a placebo (n = 11). They consumed two 250-mg capsules with TT or placebo (maltodextrin) per day and performed six REs with the intensity 80-90% of 1RM on the fifteen day of the experiment. Venous blood samples were drawn before supplementation, and before and after the RE session. Results: The mean values of post-exercise testosterone and cortisol in both groups were significantly higher than pre-exercise and baseline (p < 0.01); however, there were no significant differences between the groups (p > 0.05). Likewise, despite a trend toward different levels of the responses of thyroid hormones with TT supplementation, there were no significant differences either in different time points or the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Short-term supplementation with TT appears to be ineffective in changing the hormonal responses measured in this study following a session of high-intensity RE.
{"title":"Does Tribulus terrestris L. affect hormonal responses following high-intensity resistance exercise?","authors":"Seyed Mojtaba Paydar Ardakani, A. Pokrywka, Hamideh Dinari Ghuzhdi, B. Roozbeh, S. Rahmati, A. Abdolmohamadi","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2022-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2022-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: To investigate the effect of a 2-week supplementation with Tribulus terrestris L. (TT) on the responses of testosterone, cortisol, and thyroid hormones including triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) following an intensive session of resistance exercise (RE). Materials and methods: Twenty-two healthy non-athlete men (23.8 ± 3.1 years) participated in this study were divided into two groups and were randomly assigned to receive either TT supplementation (n = 11) or a placebo (n = 11). They consumed two 250-mg capsules with TT or placebo (maltodextrin) per day and performed six REs with the intensity 80-90% of 1RM on the fifteen day of the experiment. Venous blood samples were drawn before supplementation, and before and after the RE session. Results: The mean values of post-exercise testosterone and cortisol in both groups were significantly higher than pre-exercise and baseline (p < 0.01); however, there were no significant differences between the groups (p > 0.05). Likewise, despite a trend toward different levels of the responses of thyroid hormones with TT supplementation, there were no significant differences either in different time points or the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Short-term supplementation with TT appears to be ineffective in changing the hormonal responses measured in this study following a session of high-intensity RE.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"18 1","pages":"143 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78905463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim: The COVID-19 pandemic has unhinged the lives of people across the globe, in particular, university students who are home-schooling. No study has investigated the influence of specific parameters on reaction time (RT) among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study aims to describe the relationship between RT and parameters (types of stimuli, handedness, and gender differences) that may affect its values during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods: RT of 60 volunteers to visual and auditory stimuli were recorded using the drop ruler method. RT was compared within-subject with respect to handedness and type of stimulus, and between subjects with regards to gender. Results: Although a small difference between RT reported as a function of hands and gender was observed, these results were statistically insignificant. However, females had a significant shorter RT to visual than the auditory stimulus. Conclusions: Findings showed that no significant differences were obtained between all comparisons made, except between females RT to visual stimulus and auditory stimulus. This can be attributed to the high level of stress and anxiety that may occur among students due to the COVID-19, which is the most prevalent and dangerous topic for university students, especially female students.
{"title":"Effect of types of stimuli, handedness and gender differences on reaction time among adults students during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"D. S. Bari, Haval Y. Yacoob Aldosky","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2022-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2022-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: The COVID-19 pandemic has unhinged the lives of people across the globe, in particular, university students who are home-schooling. No study has investigated the influence of specific parameters on reaction time (RT) among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study aims to describe the relationship between RT and parameters (types of stimuli, handedness, and gender differences) that may affect its values during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods: RT of 60 volunteers to visual and auditory stimuli were recorded using the drop ruler method. RT was compared within-subject with respect to handedness and type of stimulus, and between subjects with regards to gender. Results: Although a small difference between RT reported as a function of hands and gender was observed, these results were statistically insignificant. However, females had a significant shorter RT to visual than the auditory stimulus. Conclusions: Findings showed that no significant differences were obtained between all comparisons made, except between females RT to visual stimulus and auditory stimulus. This can be attributed to the high level of stress and anxiety that may occur among students due to the COVID-19, which is the most prevalent and dangerous topic for university students, especially female students.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"69 1","pages":"95 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86154095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yahya Berk Degirmen, B. Erman, M. Z. Ozkol, Faik Vural, Tolga Akşit
Abstract Study aim This study was aimed to analysis in detail how different tempos [2:0:2 (30 bpm), 1:0:1 (60 bpm), Explosive (EXP)] effect to ground reaction forces (vGRF) and joint kinematics of push-up exercise (PUP). Material and methods Twenty-four recreationally male athletes (age: 24.9 ± 3.6 years) participated in this study. Kinetic and kinematic data were obtained by load-cells and a motion analysis software. Data was analysed from a single repetition which is showed peak vGRF of dominant side during PUP. Joint velocities were calculated by taking the difference between the descent and ascent phases. Results There was significant difference between 2:0:2 (30 bpm) – EXP in terms of dominant side of shoulder (p ≤ 0.02) and between 1:0:1 (60 bpm) – EXP in the dominant elbow joint displacements (p ≤ 0.05). The velocity differences between the descent and ascent phases of shoulder and elbow joints were found statistically significant between tempos (p ≤ 0.05). In terms of range of motion (ROM) of right and left side, there was significant differences between tempos (p ≤ 0.001). No significant differences were found between all tempos in the ascent phase of right-left and left descent phase in terms of average vGRF (p > 0.05) except right descent average vGRF (p ≤ 0.02). Conclusions In conclusion, right-left sides of ROM was used most effectively in 2:0:2 (30 bpm) and 1:0:1 (60 bpm) tempos. Less displacement was also observed in EXP and when tempo increased percentage of peak vGRF (at elbow flexion phase for right-left sides) to total repetition decreased. Highest ascent and descent phase velocity differences (for right-left sides) and highest peak vGRF (elbow flexion phase) observed in EXP. This study shows that increasing tempo will result in more unsteady joint kinematics and more vGRF, so if the goal is controlled and safe PUP, tempo should be slow.
{"title":"Comparison of ground reaction forces and joint kinematics between three different tempos during push-up exercise","authors":"Yahya Berk Degirmen, B. Erman, M. Z. Ozkol, Faik Vural, Tolga Akşit","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2022-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2022-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim This study was aimed to analysis in detail how different tempos [2:0:2 (30 bpm), 1:0:1 (60 bpm), Explosive (EXP)] effect to ground reaction forces (vGRF) and joint kinematics of push-up exercise (PUP). Material and methods Twenty-four recreationally male athletes (age: 24.9 ± 3.6 years) participated in this study. Kinetic and kinematic data were obtained by load-cells and a motion analysis software. Data was analysed from a single repetition which is showed peak vGRF of dominant side during PUP. Joint velocities were calculated by taking the difference between the descent and ascent phases. Results There was significant difference between 2:0:2 (30 bpm) – EXP in terms of dominant side of shoulder (p ≤ 0.02) and between 1:0:1 (60 bpm) – EXP in the dominant elbow joint displacements (p ≤ 0.05). The velocity differences between the descent and ascent phases of shoulder and elbow joints were found statistically significant between tempos (p ≤ 0.05). In terms of range of motion (ROM) of right and left side, there was significant differences between tempos (p ≤ 0.001). No significant differences were found between all tempos in the ascent phase of right-left and left descent phase in terms of average vGRF (p > 0.05) except right descent average vGRF (p ≤ 0.02). Conclusions In conclusion, right-left sides of ROM was used most effectively in 2:0:2 (30 bpm) and 1:0:1 (60 bpm) tempos. Less displacement was also observed in EXP and when tempo increased percentage of peak vGRF (at elbow flexion phase for right-left sides) to total repetition decreased. Highest ascent and descent phase velocity differences (for right-left sides) and highest peak vGRF (elbow flexion phase) observed in EXP. This study shows that increasing tempo will result in more unsteady joint kinematics and more vGRF, so if the goal is controlled and safe PUP, tempo should be slow.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"1 1","pages":"75 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75064610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim: To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of single ischemic compression and cupping therapy on the most common trigger point, on the descending part of the trapezius muscle. Materials and methods: Twenty-five students (15 women and 10 men) aged 24.20 ± 1.27 years were enrolled in the study. The mobility of the cervical spine area was measured with a measuring tape. The pain pressure threshold of the trigger point of the trapezius muscle was tested using a Wagner FDX 50 Force Gage digital algometer. Each person participated in three tests with an interval of approximately one week between them. The following study protocol was followed; 1) cupping therapy, with a cup statically positioned on the trigger point for two minutes, 2) at a minimum interval of 7 days, ischemic compression performed with the thumb twice for 1 minute on each side 3) control test at an interval of another 7 days. Results: Ischemic compression resulted in a statistically significant difference in cervical spine mobility scores (except for extension) and pain pressure threshold values. After applying cups, statistically significant differences were also observed in the results of cervical spine mobility and pain pressure threshold values. No statistically significant differences were found in the effectiveness of the therapies tested. Conclusions: In the present study, single trigger point cupping and ischemic compression therapies improved cervical spine mobility and resulted in an increase in the pain pressure threshold in the trapezius muscle trigger point. These two therapies did not differ in terms of their effectiveness.
摘要:研究目的:评价和比较单次缺血压迫和拔罐治疗对最常见的触发点斜方肌降部的疗效。材料与方法:入选25名学生(女15名，男10名)，年龄24.20±1.27岁。用卷尺测量颈椎区域活动度。采用Wagner FDX 50 Force Gage数字测痛仪测量斜方肌触发点痛压阈值。每个人都参加了三次测试，每次间隔大约一周。遵循以下研究方案;1)拔罐治疗，将一个杯子静态放置在触发点上2分钟，2)至少间隔7天，用拇指进行缺血按压两次，每侧1分钟。3)对照试验，每隔7天。结果:缺血压迫导致颈椎活动度评分(伸展除外)和痛压阈值差异有统计学意义。敷杯后，颈椎活动度和痛压阈值的结果也有统计学差异。在测试的治疗方法的有效性方面没有发现统计学上的显著差异。结论:在本研究中，单触发点拔罐和缺血压迫治疗可改善颈椎活动能力，导致斜方肌触发点痛压阈值升高。这两种疗法在疗效上没有差别。
{"title":"Trigger point therapy – ischemic compression or perhaps cupping?","authors":"Adam Niemaszyk, A. Zdrodowska","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2022-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2022-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of single ischemic compression and cupping therapy on the most common trigger point, on the descending part of the trapezius muscle. Materials and methods: Twenty-five students (15 women and 10 men) aged 24.20 ± 1.27 years were enrolled in the study. The mobility of the cervical spine area was measured with a measuring tape. The pain pressure threshold of the trigger point of the trapezius muscle was tested using a Wagner FDX 50 Force Gage digital algometer. Each person participated in three tests with an interval of approximately one week between them. The following study protocol was followed; 1) cupping therapy, with a cup statically positioned on the trigger point for two minutes, 2) at a minimum interval of 7 days, ischemic compression performed with the thumb twice for 1 minute on each side 3) control test at an interval of another 7 days. Results: Ischemic compression resulted in a statistically significant difference in cervical spine mobility scores (except for extension) and pain pressure threshold values. After applying cups, statistically significant differences were also observed in the results of cervical spine mobility and pain pressure threshold values. No statistically significant differences were found in the effectiveness of the therapies tested. Conclusions: In the present study, single trigger point cupping and ischemic compression therapies improved cervical spine mobility and resulted in an increase in the pain pressure threshold in the trapezius muscle trigger point. These two therapies did not differ in terms of their effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"36 1","pages":"236 - 243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74379336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim: It is generally accepted that methamphetamine (MA) is a highly addictive psychostimulant which copies functions of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, and emits dopamine and serotonin in the brain. Frequent abuse of methamphetamine damages dopaminergic and serotonergic nerve endings at different sites of brain and also increases the anxiety and depression. Exercise seems to reverse physiological and neurological damages due to previous MA dependents and help to reduce anxiety and depression in this population. The aim is to determine the effect of exercise training on neurotransmitters and rate of depression and anxiety in chronic methamphetamine abusers based on a literature review. Materials and methods: The present study investigated published articles in five computerized databases including Magiran, Google scholars, SID, PubMed and Scopus from 2011 until 2020. The searched keywords included sports, neurotransmitter, methamphetamine, depression, anxiety and treatment. The obtained results were described using texts, table and figure. Results: According to the results, physical activity and exercise significantly increased blood serotonin and dopamine levels and significantly decreased the depression and anxiety. Conclusion: Different evidences suggested that physical activity and exercise as positive responses and adaptations might influence on circulatory levels of two neurotransmitters (serotonin and dopamine) in methamphetamine addicts, decrease anxiety and depression, and improve preparation in previous MA dependents. In the rehabilitation period, the overall improvement in previous MA dependents might significantly increase. Exercise training can improve the physical and mental state of people addicted to methamphetamine as a non-drug therapy to promote health. However, more research is necessary to support this conclusion.
{"title":"Effects of exercise training on depression and anxiety with changing neurotransmitters in methamphetamine long term abusers: A narrative review","authors":"H. Arazi, Seyedeh Shiva Dadvand, Katsuhiko Suzuki","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2022-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2022-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: It is generally accepted that methamphetamine (MA) is a highly addictive psychostimulant which copies functions of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, and emits dopamine and serotonin in the brain. Frequent abuse of methamphetamine damages dopaminergic and serotonergic nerve endings at different sites of brain and also increases the anxiety and depression. Exercise seems to reverse physiological and neurological damages due to previous MA dependents and help to reduce anxiety and depression in this population. The aim is to determine the effect of exercise training on neurotransmitters and rate of depression and anxiety in chronic methamphetamine abusers based on a literature review. Materials and methods: The present study investigated published articles in five computerized databases including Magiran, Google scholars, SID, PubMed and Scopus from 2011 until 2020. The searched keywords included sports, neurotransmitter, methamphetamine, depression, anxiety and treatment. The obtained results were described using texts, table and figure. Results: According to the results, physical activity and exercise significantly increased blood serotonin and dopamine levels and significantly decreased the depression and anxiety. Conclusion: Different evidences suggested that physical activity and exercise as positive responses and adaptations might influence on circulatory levels of two neurotransmitters (serotonin and dopamine) in methamphetamine addicts, decrease anxiety and depression, and improve preparation in previous MA dependents. In the rehabilitation period, the overall improvement in previous MA dependents might significantly increase. Exercise training can improve the physical and mental state of people addicted to methamphetamine as a non-drug therapy to promote health. However, more research is necessary to support this conclusion.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"37 1","pages":"117 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88861744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Baniasadi, Sheida Ranjbari, Sedigheh Khajeaflaton Mofrad, A. Dana
Abstract Study aim: To examine the association between accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) and balance performance among children with considering motor self-efficacy as a mediator. Material and methods: The present study employed a correlational-comparative approach. The present study applied a correlational-comparative approach. Eighty-two children (40 girls) of Tehran city, Iran in 2020 participated in this study (mean age of 9.82 ± 1.64 years). Physical activity was measured using the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer. Dynamic balance test was used to collect balance performance. Motor self-efficacy was measured using a standard questionnaire. Results: On average, boys had higher moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) than girls (47.28 vs. 36.74 minutes per day, respectively). MVPA was significantly and directly associated with children’s balance performance, and here, motor self-efficacy acted as a significant mediator. Conclusions: These findings underscore the need for targeted strategies and interventions for children, especially girls, to develop adequate levels of PA.
摘要:研究目的:以运动自我效能为中介，探讨儿童加速度计测量的身体活动(PA)与平衡表现之间的关系。材料和方法:本研究采用相关比较方法。本研究采用相关-比较方法。本研究于2020年在伊朗德黑兰市共有82名儿童(40名女孩)参加，平均年龄为9.82±1.64岁。使用ActiGraph wGT3X-BT加速度计测量身体活动。采用动平衡试验采集平衡性能。运动自我效能感采用标准问卷进行测量。结果:平均而言，男孩的中高强度PA (MVPA)高于女孩(47.28 vs 36.74分钟/天)。MVPA与儿童平衡表现有显著的直接关系，运动自我效能感在其中起着显著的中介作用。结论:这些发现强调了针对儿童，特别是女孩，需要有针对性的策略和干预措施来发展足够水平的PA。
{"title":"Associations between device-measured physical activity and balance performance in children: Mediating role of motor self-efficacy","authors":"T. Baniasadi, Sheida Ranjbari, Sedigheh Khajeaflaton Mofrad, A. Dana","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2022-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2022-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: To examine the association between accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) and balance performance among children with considering motor self-efficacy as a mediator. Material and methods: The present study employed a correlational-comparative approach. The present study applied a correlational-comparative approach. Eighty-two children (40 girls) of Tehran city, Iran in 2020 participated in this study (mean age of 9.82 ± 1.64 years). Physical activity was measured using the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer. Dynamic balance test was used to collect balance performance. Motor self-efficacy was measured using a standard questionnaire. Results: On average, boys had higher moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) than girls (47.28 vs. 36.74 minutes per day, respectively). MVPA was significantly and directly associated with children’s balance performance, and here, motor self-efficacy acted as a significant mediator. Conclusions: These findings underscore the need for targeted strategies and interventions for children, especially girls, to develop adequate levels of PA.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"207 1","pages":"252 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76967610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) for frozen shoulder in perimenopausal diabetic women. Materials and methods: A single blind randomized controlled trial was conducted on sixty-two perimenopausal women diagnosed with diabetic frozen shoulder. They were divided randomly into two groups. Group (A) received physiotherapy program in the form of maitland joint mobilization for shoulder joint, self-stretching exercises, range of motion exercises (ROM) and strengthening exercises. Sessions were held 3 times per week, for 4 weeks. Group (B) study group: received the same physiotherapy program in addition to ESWT, once per week, for 4 weeks. Visual analogue scale was used to measure pain intensity, shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI) was used to evaluate disability level, while an electrogoniometer was used to measure shoulder flexion, abduction and external rotation range of motion. All measurements were recorded pretreatment and posttreatment program. Results: For intragroup comparison, significant improvement in all treatment outcomes was noted in both groups (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were found between both groups regarding all outcome measures in case of intergroup comparison in the study (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The use of ESWT have a positive effect in reducing pain and improving shoulder range of motion in perimenopausal women suffering from frozen.
{"title":"Effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy for frozen shoulder in perimenopausal diabetic women","authors":"R. Yehia, M. ElMeligie","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2022-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2022-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) for frozen shoulder in perimenopausal diabetic women. Materials and methods: A single blind randomized controlled trial was conducted on sixty-two perimenopausal women diagnosed with diabetic frozen shoulder. They were divided randomly into two groups. Group (A) received physiotherapy program in the form of maitland joint mobilization for shoulder joint, self-stretching exercises, range of motion exercises (ROM) and strengthening exercises. Sessions were held 3 times per week, for 4 weeks. Group (B) study group: received the same physiotherapy program in addition to ESWT, once per week, for 4 weeks. Visual analogue scale was used to measure pain intensity, shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI) was used to evaluate disability level, while an electrogoniometer was used to measure shoulder flexion, abduction and external rotation range of motion. All measurements were recorded pretreatment and posttreatment program. Results: For intragroup comparison, significant improvement in all treatment outcomes was noted in both groups (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were found between both groups regarding all outcome measures in case of intergroup comparison in the study (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The use of ESWT have a positive effect in reducing pain and improving shoulder range of motion in perimenopausal women suffering from frozen.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"20 1","pages":"109 - 116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75315924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Study aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of sleep and awareness on consolidation of general and Sequence-Specific learning in children. Material and methods: Male participants (n = 48, 10 to 12 years old) were assigned to one of four groups based on awareness and sleep. Acquisition phase took place in the morning (wake groups, 8 ± am) or in the evening (sleep groups, 8 ± pm) followed by a 12 hours retention interval and a subsequent delayed retention test (1 week). Children in the explicit groups were informed about the presence of the sequence, while in the implicit groups were not informed about it. For data analysis in consolidation of general sequence learning and Sequence-Specific Consolidation phases, 2 × 2 × 2 and 2 × 2 × 3 ANOVA with repeated measures on block tests were used respectively. Results: The data provides evidence of offline enhancement of general motor learning after 12 hours which was dependent on sleep and awareness. Moreover, the information persistence after 1-week was significant only in sleep groups. The results also indicated that consolidation of sequence-specific learning was only observed after 12 hours in element duration and it was related to sleep and awareness. Conclusions: The results revealed that sleep wasn’t only an essential factor in enhancement of off-line sequence learning task after 12 hours in children, but performance of the children was dependent on awareness and sleep.
{"title":"Motor memory consolidation in children: The role of awareness and sleep on offline general and sequence-specific learning","authors":"H. Iranmanesh, A. Kakhki, H. Taheri, C. Shea","doi":"10.2478/bhk-2022-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2022-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of sleep and awareness on consolidation of general and Sequence-Specific learning in children. Material and methods: Male participants (n = 48, 10 to 12 years old) were assigned to one of four groups based on awareness and sleep. Acquisition phase took place in the morning (wake groups, 8 ± am) or in the evening (sleep groups, 8 ± pm) followed by a 12 hours retention interval and a subsequent delayed retention test (1 week). Children in the explicit groups were informed about the presence of the sequence, while in the implicit groups were not informed about it. For data analysis in consolidation of general sequence learning and Sequence-Specific Consolidation phases, 2 × 2 × 2 and 2 × 2 × 3 ANOVA with repeated measures on block tests were used respectively. Results: The data provides evidence of offline enhancement of general motor learning after 12 hours which was dependent on sleep and awareness. Moreover, the information persistence after 1-week was significant only in sleep groups. The results also indicated that consolidation of sequence-specific learning was only observed after 12 hours in element duration and it was related to sleep and awareness. Conclusions: The results revealed that sleep wasn’t only an essential factor in enhancement of off-line sequence learning task after 12 hours in children, but performance of the children was dependent on awareness and sleep.","PeriodicalId":44223,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Human Kinetics","volume":"5 1","pages":"83 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89706056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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