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Populist politicians’ representations of the people: A comparative visual content analysis of candidates’ Instagram posts in 2023 Turkish general elections 民粹主义政治家对人民的表述:对 2023 年土耳其大选候选人 Instagram 帖子的视觉内容比较分析
IF 3.6 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1177/20570473241277296
Ömer Faruk Zararsiz, Emrah Ayaşlioğlu
Social media posts play a key role in understanding how the concept of “the people,” which is a critical concept for populist politicians, is constructed and presented. This study examines how the two leading candidates, as right and left populist figures in Türkiye’s 2023 general elections, portrayed “the people” in their Instagram posts. The Instagram posts of two leaders were coded according to the categories of gender, headscarf, class, and age, and the representations of the people in these posts were analyzed using visual content analysis method. As a result, it was revealed Erdoğan, as a right-wing populist, included more headscarved women in his posts, Kılıçdaroğlu, as a left-wing populist, preferred more heterogeneous visuals in images in terms of gender, and that young individuals were more intensely preferred in the images shared by Kılıçdaroğlu in terms of the category of age.
对于民粹主义政治家来说,"人民 "是一个至关重要的概念,而社交媒体帖子在理解 "人民 "这一概念的构建和呈现方面发挥着关键作用。本研究探讨了土耳其 2023 年大选中左右两派民粹主义候选人如何在其 Instagram 帖子中描绘 "人民"。根据性别、头巾、阶级和年龄等类别对两位领导人的 Instagram 帖子进行了编码,并使用视觉内容分析法对这些帖子中的 "人民 "形象进行了分析。结果显示,作为右翼民粹主义者的埃尔多安在其帖子中包含了更多戴头巾的女性,而作为左翼民粹主义者的克勒克达罗奥卢在性别方面更偏好异质视觉图像,在年龄类别方面,克勒克达罗奥卢分享的图像中更偏好年轻人。
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引用次数: 0
Women governors in the United States use more communal language than male governors in their State of the State addresses and tweets and achieve greater policy success 美国女州长在国情咨文和推文中比男州长使用更多的社区语言,并取得了更大的政策成功
IF 3.6 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1177/20570473241270635
Kara Alaimo
This study draws on framing theory to argue that the language used by women politicians may make them more effective in achieving their goals. Large numbers of voters around the world perceive men to be more effective political leaders than women. However, this study of the communications of women and male governors in the United States finds that the opposite is true and that women governors emphasize cooperation and compromise much more when communicating, which could be a factor in their greater efficacy. An analysis of 1,088 policy proposals made by governors in their State of the State addresses finds that women enacted their proposals into law at 1.2 times the rate of their male counterparts. An analysis also finds that, between March 2020 and February 2021, states with women governors had significantly fewer excess deaths due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and significantly lower unemployment rates than states with male governors. Analyses of speeches and tweets by governors find that women governors use significantly more communal, cooperative language than their male counterparts, and these frames might catalyze more communal behavior by partners and constituents and thereby help explain their greater efficacy.
本研究借鉴框架理论,认为女性政治家使用的语言可能会使她们更有效地实现自己的目标。世界上有很多选民认为男性比女性更能有效地领导政治。然而,这项对美国女州长和男州长沟通方式的研究发现,事实恰恰相反,女州长在沟通时更强调合作和妥协,这可能是她们更有效率的一个因素。对州长在州情咨文中提出的 1088 项政策建议进行分析后发现,女性将其建议制定为法律的比率是男性的 1.2 倍。分析还发现,在 2020 年 3 月至 2021 年 2 月期间,与男州长所在的州相比,女州长所在的州因 2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行而超额死亡的人数要少得多,失业率也要低得多。对州长的演讲和推文进行分析后发现,女州长使用的社区性、合作性语言明显多于男州长,这些框架可能会促进合作伙伴和选民的更多社区行为,从而有助于解释她们的更大功效。
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引用次数: 0
Investigating the relationship between knowledge of the media industry and media trust in a government-owned and government-controlled media system 调查在政府所有和政府控制的媒体系统中媒体行业知识与媒体信任之间的关系
IF 3.6 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1177/20570473241269064
Huu Dat Tran, Pham Phuong Uyen Diep
We examined the influence of news media literacy, focusing on knowledge of the media industry, on media trust in Vietnam—a distinctive media environment subject to governmental control and ownership. Results from 307 survey responses ( N = 307) indicated that knowledge of media categorizations negatively predicted multiple dimensions of media trust. In addition, online newspapers, the only media category that can legally produce “hard” news in Vietnam, acquired the highest public trust among media categories. Theoretically, we contributed to the literature on news media literacy in the era of globally declining media trust, specifically yielding insights into news media literacy and media trust in a non-Western setting with a unique media system controlled and owned by its government. Practically, our results suggested that Vietnam needs widespread media literacy education and enhancement programs to foster citizens’ media literacy, particularly knowledge of the media industry. News media organizations and journalists, on the contrary, may employ various strategies to build trust among their audience, including being transparent about their categorization and governing body, harnessing social media platforms, and devising sections to promote media literacy in the media. We argue that our approach and findings can be applied to study the media in authoritarian contexts or countries where the media are strictly governed. Implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research were further discussed.
我们研究了新闻媒体素养对越南媒体信任度的影响,重点是对媒体行业的了解--越南的媒体环境与众不同,受到政府的控制和拥有。307 份调查问卷(N = 307)的结果表明,媒体分类知识对媒体信任的多个维度具有负面预测作用。此外,网络报纸作为越南唯一可以合法制作 "硬 "新闻的媒体类别,在各类媒体中获得了最高的公众信任度。从理论上讲,在全球媒体信任度下降的时代,我们对新闻媒体素养方面的文献做出了贡献,特别是对一个非西方国家的新闻媒体素养和媒体信任度提出了见解,该国家拥有一个由政府控制和拥有的独特媒体系统。实际上,我们的研究结果表明,越南需要广泛开展媒体素养教育和提高计划,以培养公民的媒体素养,尤其是对媒体行业的了解。相反,新闻媒体组织和记者可以采取各种策略在受众中建立信任,包括对其分类和管理机构保持透明、利用社交媒体平台、设计促进媒体媒介素养的栏目等。我们认为,我们的方法和研究结果可用于研究专制背景下或媒体受到严格管理的国家的媒体。我们还进一步讨论了未来研究的意义、局限性和建议。
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引用次数: 0
Multimodality and appraisal choices in Nigerian coronavirus-related WhatsApp memes 尼日利亚冠状病毒相关 WhatsApp 邮件中的多模式和评价选择
IF 3.6 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1177/20570473241264334
Oluwabunmi O Oyebode, Foluke Olayinka Unuabonah
This article explores coronavirus-related internet memes in the Nigerian WhatsApp space, to examine how multimodal elements are used for evaluation and intersubjective positioning. The theory utilises Kress and van Leeuwen’s visual grammar and Martin and White’s appraisal theory. The data, which comprise 147 purposively selected internet memes, were analysed qualitatively. The findings indicate that the meme producers employ verbal and non-verbal elements that show negative affect, judgement and appreciation of things. Using multimodal concepts, the represented participants are able to engage with the public through resources of disclaimers, entertainment, pronouncement and attribution. The study concludes that meme producers engage their addressees through appraisal resources to achieve their communicative goals of complaining about the negative effects of the pandemic on the people, evaluating the behaviour of different agents during the pandemic as well as providing support for people.
本文探讨了尼日利亚 WhatsApp 空间中与冠状病毒相关的网络流行语,以研究多模态元素如何用于评价和主体间定位。该理论采用了 Kress 和 van Leeuwen 的视觉语法以及 Martin 和 White 的评价理论。研究对 147 个特意挑选的网络流行语数据进行了定性分析。研究结果表明,备忘录制作者使用了语言和非语言元素来表现负面情绪、对事物的判断和评价。使用多模态概念,被代表的参与者能够通过免责声明、娱乐、声明和归因等资源与公众互动。研究得出结论,meme 制作者通过评价资源与受众互动,以实现其传播目标,即抱怨大流行病对人们的负面影响、评价大流行病期间不同媒介的行为以及为人们提供支持。
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引用次数: 0
COVID-19 vaccines and vaccinations coverage on news portals: Framing, Tone, and Source Analysis COVID-19 新闻门户网站上的疫苗和接种报道:框架、语气和来源分析
IF 3.6 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1177/20570473231225299
John Demuyakor, Stevens Justice Avenyo, Adwoa Sikayena Amankwah
A comparative quantitative content analysis was adopted to explore the frames, tones, and information sources for the coverage of COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination in four countries in Africa. The news portals and countries for this study were purposively sampled based on the World Press Freedom Index released by Reporters Without Borders for 2021. Namibia, South Africa, Ghana, and Botswana are among the top ten countries in Africa with the best Media Freedoms. The findings showed that Ghana’s news portals’ coverage of COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination campaigns used mainly unofficial sources in the coverage of COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination stories, whereas Botswana, Namibia, and South African media used official sources. Other findings show that Ghana’s news portals covered COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination stories in a negative tone and employed conflict and economic consequence frames. Botswana, Namibia, and South African news portals, however, adopted neutral and positive tones and framed them according to human interest, responsibility, and morality. The results suggest that the text of the news articles from the four African countries’ coverage of the COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination adopted different generic framing styles, and the tones were predominantly a mixture of positive, neutral, and negative.
本研究采用比较定量内容分析法来探讨非洲四个国家对 COVID-19 疫苗和疫苗接种的报道框架、语调和信息来源。本研究的新闻门户网站和国家是根据无国界记者组织发布的 2021 年世界新闻自由指数有目的地抽取的。纳米比亚、南非、加纳和博茨瓦纳是非洲媒体自由度最高的前十个国家。调查结果显示,加纳新闻门户网站在报道 COVID-19 疫苗和疫苗接种活动时主要使用非官方消息来源,而博茨瓦纳、纳米比亚和南非媒体则使用官方消息来源。其他调查结果显示,加纳的新闻门户网站在报道 COVID-19 疫苗和疫苗接种时语气消极,并采用了冲突和经济后果的框架。而博茨瓦纳、纳米比亚和南非的新闻门户网站则采用了中性和正面的语气,并以人类利益、责任和道德为框架。结果表明,四个非洲国家关于 COVID-19 疫苗和疫苗接种的新闻报道文本采用了不同的通用框架风格,其基调主要是正面、中性和负面的混合。
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引用次数: 0
The rise of digital platforms as a soft power apparatus in the New Korean Wave era 数字平台作为新韩流时代软实力工具的崛起
IF 3.6 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1177/20570473241234204
Dal Yong Jin
By employing digital soft power as a theoretical framework, this article examines the increasing role of domestic digital platforms in the New Korean Wave and their contributions to cultural diplomacy. It discusses the ways in which digital soft power becomes the primary vehicle in cultural diplomacy related to the Korean Wave. As there are tensions and conflicts between these private platforms and the Korean government, this article critically analyzes the crucial relations between these two major parties in executing cultural diplomacy and digital soft power. As its methodological framework, the utilization of social media by the Korean government, particularly by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, was used. It selects the Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ Facebook posts between 1 January and 31 December of 2022 to determine the ways in which the Korean government utilizes social media as a soft power tool. It develops discourse analysis in tandem with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ Facebook posts to determine several major strategies the Korean government has advanced in the digital platform era.
本文以数字软实力为理论框架,探讨了国内数字平台在 "新韩流 "中日益重要的作用及其对文化外交的贡献。文章讨论了数字软实力如何成为与 "韩流 "相关的文化外交的主要载体。由于这些私人平台与韩国政府之间存在紧张和冲突,本文批判性地分析了这两个主要方面在开展文化外交和数字软实力方面的关键关系。本文以韩国政府,尤其是外交部对社交媒体的利用为方法框架。它选取了外交部在 2022 年 1 月 1 日至 12 月 31 日期间在 Facebook 上发布的帖子,以确定韩国政府利用社交媒体作为软实力工具的方式。它结合外交部的 Facebook 帖子进行话语分析,以确定韩国政府在数字平台时代推进的几项主要战略。
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引用次数: 0
Message (in)congruence: Tweeting while competing for donations 信息(不)一致:在竞争捐款的同时发推
IF 3.6 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/20570473231224822
Jamie Levine Daniel, Cali Curley, Marlene Walk
Nonprofit organizations rely on social media to build relationships with their stakeholders and solicit the resources they need to provide their programs and services. This online activity takes place in an increasingly competitive environment. We draw on the situational theory of publics, stakeholder theory, giving motivation, and gamification to examine this question: When organizations engage in competitive philanthropy, what framing is more effective at generating donations on an online platform? We confirm the relationship between tweeting and donation solicitation and shed light on some specific types of messaging associated with increased donations.
非营利组织依靠社交媒体与其利益相关者建立关系,并为提供项目和服务争取所需资源。这种在线活动是在竞争日益激烈的环境中进行的。我们借鉴了公众情境理论、利益相关者理论、捐赠动机和游戏化来研究这个问题:当组织参与竞争性慈善活动时,什么样的框架更能有效地在网络平台上募集捐款?我们证实了推特与募捐之间的关系,并揭示了一些与增加捐款相关的特定信息类型。
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引用次数: 0
The Republic of Kakao goes on hiatus: The public cost of platform monopolies in South Korea Kakao共和国停摆:韩国平台垄断的公共成本
IF 3.6 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/20570473231224818
Siho Nam
In the wake of the recent nationwide service outage of Kakao, this article questions the cost that the Korean public may have to bear when private platform monopolies imbue all facets of public lives. Using cultural political economy as both a theoretical framework and a mode of inquiry, it seeks to unravel the ways in which platform monopolies are legitimized and defended by a mix of institutional, regulatory, and discursive forces. Findings reveal that Kakao’s proprietary digital platforms and their services are not only justified by dominant political–economic forces, but also discursively appropriated by themselves and the government for the purposes of driving innovation, elevating national competitiveness, and promoting economic growth, yet at the expense of public scrutiny and accountability. The article concludes by briefly evaluating the implications that these unwelcoming trends have for the Korean public.
在 Kakao 最近的全国性服务中断事件之后,本文质疑当私营平台垄断渗透到公众生活的方方面面时,韩国公众可能不得不承担的代价。文章以文化政治经济学为理论框架和探究模式,试图揭示平台垄断在制度、监管和话语力量的共同作用下合法化和得到维护的方式。研究结果表明,Kakao 的专有数字平台及其服务不仅被占主导地位的政治经济力量所证明是合理的,而且还被其自身和政府以推动创新、提高国家竞争力和促进经济增长为目的进行话语占有,但却牺牲了公众监督和问责制。文章最后简要评估了这些不受欢迎的趋势对韩国公众的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Mediatized politics in Palestine: Online platforms’ influence on framing of politicians’ messages 巴勒斯坦的媒体化政治:网络平台对政治家信息框架的影响
IF 3.6 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/20570473231224820
Shadi Abu-Ayyash
Based on a theoretical framework of mediatization and framing, this article examines the communication behaviors of leaders from the prominent Palestinian party, Fatah, on social media, with a specific focus on the general election decree of 2021. It involves interviews with journalists and an analysis of social media content to explain how politicians’ online behavior is influenced by the formats of social media content. It shows that Palestinian politicians often use identical content on both Facebook and X (previously Twitter), with a higher frequency of written material over visual content. Politicians use their social media accounts to express their positions on internal and international political affairs. Journalists consider these accounts a source of information, thus reaffirming that political social media is newsworthy for journalists. This article contributes to the study of mediatization that is largely conducted in Western contexts, challenging the notion that mediatization only occurs in highly digitized societies.
本文基于媒介化和框架的理论框架,研究了巴勒斯坦著名政党法塔赫领导人在社交媒体上的传播行为,尤其关注 2021 年的大选法令。文章通过对记者的采访和对社交媒体内容的分析,解释了政治家的网络行为如何受到社交媒体内容形式的影响。研究表明,巴勒斯坦政治家经常在 Facebook 和 X(以前的 Twitter)上使用相同的内容,文字材料的使用频率高于视觉内容。政治家们利用其社交媒体账户表达他们对国内和国际政治事务的立场。记者将这些账户视为信息来源,从而再次证明政治社交媒体对记者而言具有新闻价值。本文对主要在西方背景下进行的媒介化研究做出了贡献,对媒介化只发生在高度数字化社会的观点提出了质疑。
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引用次数: 0
The platformation and transformation of the digital public sphere: An introduction 数字公共领域的平台化与转型:导言
IF 3.6 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/20570473241228627
Ming Xie
This article introduces the complex landscape of social media platforms and their evolving integration within social and political contexts. Focusing on the concept of platform society, this article discusses the emergence and growth of new platforms as well as the localization trends of mobile communication. This article examines the interplay between technological structures and social, cultural, and political dimensions of mobile communication, focusing on issues such as privacy policies, data protection, and profit-seeking motives of platform owner companies. In addition, this article introduces the six papers chosen for this special issue. The diverse viewpoints presented in this special issue contribute to a deeper understanding of digital communication’s role in advancing democracy, encouraging citizen participation, and transforming public spheres.
本文介绍了社交媒体平台的复杂面貌及其在社会和政治环境中不断发展的整合。本文以平台社会的概念为重点,讨论了新平台的出现和发展以及移动通信的本地化趋势。本文探讨了移动通信的技术结构与社会、文化和政治层面之间的相互作用,重点关注隐私政策、数据保护以及平台所有者公司的逐利动机等问题。此外,本文还介绍了本特刊所选的六篇论文。本特刊中呈现的各种观点有助于人们更深入地理解数字通信在推进民主、鼓励公民参与和改变公共领域方面的作用。
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引用次数: 0
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Communication and the Public
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