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Photographs and COVID-19: The therapeutic quality of shared narratives and collective memory 照片与新冠肺炎:共同叙述和集体记忆的治疗质量
IF 3.6 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.1177/20570473231158813
Allison Kwesell, Yufei Wu, Dechen Lama, Shuyang Lin
Mainstream media photographically documented intimate and difficult moments of COVID-19 while also publishing hopeful images. These spanned from intubation, death, and facial bruising from personal protective equipment to Italians harmonizing in song and nightly balcony cheers for US health workers. At the same time, people were documenting and sharing their own experiences across social media. Past research suggests impactful photographs elicit stimuli that can slow people’s psychological recovery or offer a therapeutic quality that incites post-traumatic growth. Despite a large body of research that examines visual framing with media photographs, few studies examine the ways in which viewing photographs of disaster influences disaster survivors, and to our knowledge, no studies examine this during an unfolding trauma in a world in which the survivors themselves digitally archive the event through images. The present panel longitudinal study seeks to investigate this gap by better understanding the impact of COVID-19 photographs through employing a visual self-narrative approach and photo-elicitation interviews. Fifty-seven participants were recruited in May 2020 and 35 repeat participants were recruited in May 2021. The research examines (1) reasons people vulnerable to the pandemic may find viewing and sharing photographs important, (2) responses to shared images, and (3) changes people experience in their relationship to photographs over time. Findings suggest that participants have a drive to share their experiences and learn about others, while pandemic photographs in themselves hold more of a negative impact for the viewer as they are experiencing the pandemic, which, over time, lessens and trends toward more positive nostalgia.
主流媒体以摄影方式记录了COVID-19的亲密和困难时刻,同时也发布了充满希望的图像。从插管、死亡和面部瘀伤,从个人防护装备,到意大利人为美国卫生工作者唱歌和夜间阳台欢呼。与此同时,人们在社交媒体上记录和分享自己的经历。过去的研究表明,有影响力的照片引发的刺激可以减缓人们的心理恢复,或者提供一种治疗性的品质,刺激创伤后的成长。尽管有大量研究用媒体照片考察视觉框架,但很少有研究考察观看灾难照片对灾难幸存者的影响,而且据我们所知,在幸存者自己通过图像对事件进行数字化存档的世界中,没有研究在正在展开的创伤中考察这一点。本小组纵向研究旨在通过采用视觉自我叙述方法和照片启发访谈,更好地了解COVID-19照片的影响,从而调查这一差距。2020年5月招募了57名参与者,2021年5月招募了35名重复参与者。该研究考察了(1)易受疫情影响的人可能会觉得观看和分享照片很重要的原因,(2)对共享图像的反应,以及(3)随着时间的推移,人们与照片的关系会发生变化。研究结果表明,参与者有分享经验和了解他人的动力,而大流行照片本身对观看者的负面影响更大,因为他们正在经历大流行,随着时间的推移,这种负面影响会减少,并趋向于更积极的怀旧。
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引用次数: 0
Global political economy, information technologies, and a people’s history of telecommunications: A dialogue with Dan Schiller 全球政治经济、信息技术和人民的电信史——与Dan Schiller的对话
IF 3.6 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/20570473231160594
Dan Schiller, Min Tang
In this academic conversation, Professor Dan Schiller, a critical political economy scholar and historian of information and communications, first shares his up-to-date observation and analysis of developments and changes in contemporary digital capitalism. Professor Schiller then turns to his newly published book Crossed Wires: The Conflicted History of US Telecommunications, From The Post Office To The internet (Oxford University Press, 2023) and details his 40-year journey of research and writing on the history of these vital and recurrently contested infrastructures.
在这场学术对话中,批判政治经济学学者、信息与通信历史学家Dan Schiller教授首先分享了他对当代数字资本主义发展和变化的最新观察和分析。席勒教授随后转向他最新出版的《交叉的电线:美国电信的冲突历史,从邮局到互联网》(牛津大学出版社,2023年),详细介绍了他40年来对这些重要且反复存在争议的基础设施的历史进行研究和写作的历程。
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引用次数: 0
Blogosphere, vulnerability news and users’ engagement: The contribution of blogs in the reporting of internally displaced persons in Nigeria 博客圈、脆弱性新闻和用户参与:博客对尼日利亚境内流离失所者报道的贡献
IF 3.6 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.1177/20570473231153474
Oberiri Destiny Apuke, Celestine Verlumun Gever, Naziru Alhaji Tukur
This study examines blog coverage (October 2018 to October 2019) and its engagement with citizens regarding internally displaced persons in Nigeria. Approximately 85 stories of internally displaced persons were covered on Naija.com. This study found a significant difference in the appearance of internally displaced persons’ stories on the blog, appearance of the stories in the headline, length of stories used in describing internally displaced persons and the tone used. Most of the internally displaced persons’ stories appeared in the blog’s headlines, suggesting that blogs in Nigeria give prominence and importance to the stories of internally displaced persons. A large number of the stories were described in 400–600 characters, and most of such stories described the internally displaced persons’ situations via a negative tone. Surprisingly, there were very few stories of governmental support, but stories that demonstrate the internally displaced persons in a vulnerable state and exposed to various diseases, prone to attacks, raped, fed inadequately and in need of humanitarian assistance were predominant. As such, a significant association between the frames used and users’ comments and views online was found. Stories that framed the internally displaced persons in a vulnerable state had a greater number of views and comments and those that had more realistic still/graphic images attracted more comments and views.
这项研究考察了博客报道(2018年10月至2019年10月)及其与尼日利亚境内流离失所者公民的接触。Naija.com上报道了大约85个国内流离失所者的故事。这项研究发现,国内流离失所者故事在博客上的外观、故事在标题中的外观、描述国内流离失所者时使用的故事长度和使用的语气存在显著差异。大多数境内流离失所者的故事都出现在博客的标题中,这表明尼日利亚的博客突出和重视境内流离失所者故事。大量的故事是用400到600个字符描述的,大多数这样的故事都以负面的语气描述了国内流离失所者的处境。令人惊讶的是,政府支持的故事很少,但表明国内流离失所者处于弱势状态,容易感染各种疾病,容易遭到袭击、强奸、食物不足和需要人道主义援助的故事占主导地位。因此,使用的框架与用户的在线评论和看法之间存在显著关联。描绘处于弱势状态的国内流离失所者的故事有更多的观点和评论,而那些具有更逼真的静态/图形图像的故事吸引了更多的评论和观点。
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引用次数: 0
The promotional regime of visibility: Ambivalence and contradiction in strategies of dominance and resistance 可见性的促进机制:统治与抵抗策略中的矛盾与矛盾
IF 3.6 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.1177/20570473221146661
César Jiménez‐Martínez, L. Edwards
In this article, we explore the tensions and blurred boundaries between dominance and resistance in promotional contexts by critically examining the notion of ‘visibility’, a commonly used yet largely unproblematised concept within the field of promotion. More specifically, we argue that contemporary promotional industries sustain and perpetuate a post-panoptical ‘regime of visibility’ underpinned by three modalities: (1) visibility as recognition, which associates being watched with empowerment while downplaying it as surveillance; (2) visibility as transient, which stresses visibility as a scarce resource that requires continuous work; and (3) and visibility as an end-goal, that is, as an end in itself rather than means to achieve something else. Acknowledging the existence of this regime opens up avenues for a productive analysis of the coexistence and mutual constitution of dominance and resistance within promotion in the digitalised communication environment, beyond debates about ‘authenticity’ or ‘woke washing’. We note that promotional industries structure visibility as a desirable and even inevitable requirement for both reinforcing and reconfiguring social arrangements. Consequently, they foster a mirage that celebrates the actions of individuals without actually producing meaningful change, while obscuring invisibility as an equally valid strategy of resistance.
在这篇文章中,我们通过批判性地研究“可见性”的概念,探索了促销环境中主导和抵制之间的紧张关系和模糊界限,“可见性”是促销领域中一个常用但基本上没有问题的概念。更具体地说,我们认为,当代促销行业维持并延续了一种后全景式的“可见性制度”,其基础有三种模式:(1)可见性即认可,它将被监视与赋权联系起来,而将其淡化为监视;(2) 可视性是短暂的,强调可视性是一种稀缺资源,需要持续工作;以及(3)将可见性作为最终目标,也就是说,作为目的本身,而不是实现其他目标的手段。承认这一制度的存在,为在数字化传播环境中,在关于“真实性”或“唤醒洗涤”的辩论之外,对推广中的主导地位和阻力的共存和相互构成进行富有成效的分析开辟了途径。我们注意到,促进性行业结构的可见性是加强和重新配置社会安排的一个可取甚至不可避免的要求。因此,它们助长了一种幻想,在没有实际产生有意义的改变的情况下庆祝个人的行为,同时掩盖了隐形作为一种同样有效的抵抗策略。
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引用次数: 0
Climate communication: How researchers navigate between scientific truth and media publics 气候传播:研究人员如何在科学真相和媒体公众之间导航
IF 3.6 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-17 DOI: 10.1177/20570473221138612
D. Alinejad, J. V. van Dijck
Recent attacks on scientific authority have intensified calls for climate scientists to seek out a more active stake in public engagement. Yet, today’s media landscape presents scientists with the challenge of gaining the epistemic trust of diverse audiences. This article qualitatively investigates how publicly engaged academic climate researchers imagine the public as they partake in various science communication practices. It finds that scientists’ strategies for securing public trust in their epistemic authority and defining their own public role vary with the media public they are addressing. Their communications reflect an oscillation between filling a “knowledge deficit” and communicating complex “truth tensions.”
最近对科学权威的攻击加剧了呼吁气候科学家在公众参与中寻求更积极的利益。然而,今天的媒体环境给科学家们带来了获得不同受众的认识信任的挑战。本文定性地调查了公众参与的学术气候研究人员如何想象公众参与各种科学传播实践。研究发现,科学家在确保公众对其认知权威的信任和定义自己的公共角色方面的策略因其所面对的媒体公众而异。他们的沟通反映了在填补“知识赤字”和沟通复杂的“真相紧张关系”之间的波动
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引用次数: 1
Digitalization of public diplomacy: Concepts, trends, and challenges 公共外交数字化:概念、趋势与挑战
IF 3.6 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-10 DOI: 10.1177/20570473221138401
I. Manor, Z. Huang
Dr. Ilan Manor is a leading scholar in the digitalization of public diplomacy and a senior lecturer at the Ben Gurion University of the Negev. From the beginning of his academic career, Dr. Manor invested in researching the digitalized practices and strategies of the Ministries of Foreign Affairs and conceptualized the expression “the digitalization of public diplomacy” to explore how digital technologies shape the norms, values, and working routines of diplomats and diplomatic institutions. Based on the hypothesis of transparency as the core of social media technology, Dr. Manor mentioned that diplomacy has also had to become more open, especially in public diplomacy. Traditional secret diplomatic negotiations are under universal scrutiny by netizens because they are digitalized. Thus, the public wants diplomats to be more open and transparent in their professional activities. However, digitalization also brought a series of communication problems, especially in the time of geopolitical uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war. In the academic dialogue, Dr. Manor has analyzed the conceptualization, practices, and challenges of the digitalization of public diplomacy in the framework of the current geopolitical context and global crisis and reviewed the long-term conceptual debate in public diplomacy scholarship on the value of soft power in the digital age. The last part of this dialogue focused on using visual supports in the international communication arena, criticizing the omnipresent use of memes and gifs of the Russian and Ukrainian governments during the war and questioning the public(s) in the digitalization of public diplomacy.
Ilan Manor博士是公共外交数字化领域的领军学者,也是内盖夫本古里安大学的高级讲师。从学术生涯开始,Manor博士就致力于研究外交部的数字化实践和战略,并将“公共外交的数字化”概念化,以探索数字技术如何塑造外交官和外交机构的规范、价值观和工作惯例。基于透明是社交媒体技术核心的假设,Manor博士提到,外交也必须变得更加开放,尤其是在公共外交方面。传统的秘密外交谈判由于数字化而受到网民的普遍关注。因此,公众希望外交官在其职业活动中更加公开和透明。然而,数字化也带来了一系列沟通问题,尤其是在新冠肺炎大流行和俄乌战争的地缘政治不确定性时期。在学术对话中,Manor博士分析了当前地缘政治背景和全球危机框架下公共外交数字化的概念化、实践和挑战,并回顾了公共外交学术界关于数字时代软实力价值的长期概念辩论。对话的最后一部分集中于在国际传播舞台上使用视觉支持,批评俄罗斯和乌克兰政府在战争期间无处不在的模因和gif,并质疑公共外交数字化中的公众。
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引用次数: 2
Between universes: Fan positionalities in the transnational circulation of K-pop 宇宙之间:韩国流行音乐跨国流通中的粉丝定位
IF 3.6 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.1177/20570473221136667
Kyong Yoon
Transnational fans of South Korean pop music (K-pop) are known for their cosmopolitan sense of belonging and community beyond geocultural boundaries. Academics who are also fans (i.e. aca-fans) and who have conducted recent ethnographic studies have developed a favorable perspective on the potential of global K-pop fandom. While acknowledging the alternative force generated by the grassroots K-pop universe, this article suggests that transnational fans do not constitute a homogeneous group; rather, they inevitably have to negotiate their own positionalities, such as race and gender, when engaging with K-pop’s virtual fan universe. Drawing on qualitative interviews with K-pop fans in Canada, this study comparatively analyzes how young people of White and Asian backgrounds experience K-pop as an emerging cultural genre whose meaning is not yet clearly situated in their local contexts. The study suggests that transnational fans’ experiences reveal the gap between the socially divided real universe and the cosmopolitan virtual K-pop universe.
韩国流行音乐(K-pop)的跨国粉丝以他们的世界归属感和超越地域文化界限的社区而闻名。同时也是K-pop粉丝的学者们(例如,aka粉丝)最近进行了人种学研究,他们对全球K-pop粉丝圈的潜力产生了积极的看法。在承认草根K-pop宇宙产生的另类力量的同时,本文认为跨国粉丝并不构成一个同质群体;相反,在与韩国流行音乐的虚拟粉丝世界打交道时,他们不可避免地要协商自己的立场,比如种族和性别。通过对加拿大K-pop粉丝的定性访谈,本研究对比分析了白人和亚洲背景的年轻人如何体验作为一种新兴文化类型的K-pop,这种文化类型的意义在他们的当地语境中尚未明确定位。该研究表明,跨国粉丝的经历揭示了社会分裂的现实世界和世界各地的虚拟K-pop世界之间的差距。
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引用次数: 1
Presidential discourse, the public and recurring themes: A political communication analysis of the 2019 State of the Nation Address in Ghana 总统话语、公众和反复出现的主题:2019年加纳国情咨文的政治传播分析
IF 3.6 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.1177/20570473221129652
G. E. Sikanku
The State of the Nation Address is one of the most important public speeches of a president because it sets the tone, framework and plans of the administration in any given year. This research contributes to contemporary scholarly studies by systematically studying presidential discourse within a growing African democracy – from a communication perspective – rather than the routine generic policy analysis. Since communication is a vital aspect of governance, the present study helps to unearth the policy priorities and framework that characterized a major administration under Ghana’s democracy. From a broader perspective, the textual analysis of this speech offers a modest attempt to examine some elements of political communication within Africa’s democratization process. The major objectives of the study were twofold: (a) first, to analyse the major topics or subject areas embedded in the speech and (b) to ascertain the recurring essential thematic elements of the State of the Nation Address as postulated by Shogan. The results indicate that the social agenda (including sanitation, housing and social amenities) was the central focus of the President’s address, followed by politics, while economic affairs featured as the third predominant issue in the address. Three thematic elements – bipartisanship, past and future, and optimism – are discursively analysed. This study contributes to the study of political communication and Presidential agendas in one of Africa’s fledgling democracies.
国情咨文是总统最重要的公开演讲之一,因为它确定了政府在任何一年的基调、框架和计划。这项研究从传播的角度,而不是常规的一般政策分析,系统地研究了日益发展的非洲民主国家中的总统话语,为当代学术研究做出了贡献。由于沟通是治理的一个重要方面,本研究有助于挖掘加纳民主下主要政府的政策优先事项和框架。从更广泛的角度来看,对这篇演讲的文本分析提供了一个适度的尝试,以考察非洲民主化进程中政治沟通的一些要素。这项研究的主要目标有两个:(a)首先,分析演讲中的主要主题或主题领域;(b)确定肖根提出的国情咨文中反复出现的基本主题元素。结果表明,社会议程(包括卫生、住房和社会便利设施)是总统讲话的中心焦点,其次是政治,而经济事务是讲话的第三个主要问题。三个主题元素——两党合作、过去和未来以及乐观主义——被随意分析。这项研究有助于研究非洲新兴民主国家之一的政治沟通和总统议程。
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引用次数: 1
The third way of global Internet governance: A dialogue with Terry Flew 全球互联网治理的第三条道路:与Terry Flew的对话
IF 3.6 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/20570473221123150
T. Flew, Fen Lin
In this dialogue, Terry Flew first outlines “a synoptic history” of the dominant discourses on Internet regulation. By exploring the global experiences over the past decades, Flew then articulates “the third way” of global Internet governance. Differing from both the “Silicon Valley” model of the United States and the state-led Chinese model, “the third way” is proposed to be built on trust and regulation. The typology of Internet governance addresses the tension between the nation-state and global market and emphasizes the balance between communication technology and law. Flew further elaborates on the importance of the multi-stakeholder approach in the future of global Internet governance and the challenges such an approach is facing. In addition, Flew offers advice on further research in Internet governance and platform regulation.
在这段对话中,Terry Flew首先概述了互联网监管主流话语的“概要历史”。通过探索过去几十年的全球经验,Flew阐述了全球互联网治理的“第三条道路”。与美国的“硅谷”模式和中国政府主导的模式不同,“第三条道路”被提出建立在信任和监管的基础上。互联网治理的类型论解决了民族国家和全球市场之间的紧张关系,并强调了通信技术和法律之间的平衡。Flew进一步阐述了多方利益相关者方法在未来全球互联网治理中的重要性,以及这种方法面临的挑战。此外,Flew为进一步研究互联网治理和平台监管提供了建议。
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引用次数: 1
‘I wanna kill my rapist’: Margaret Cho’s #12DaysofRage campaign as promotional digital activism “我想杀了强奸我的人”:玛格丽特·赵发起的#12DaysofRage活动,作为推广数字激进主义
IF 3.6 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-22 DOI: 10.1177/20570473221111200
Madison Trusolino
On November 1, 2015, comedian Margaret Cho announced a two-part campaign inspired by her history as a sexual-abuse survivor, to promote her new music video ‘I Wanna Kill My Rapist’. This included the creation of the hashtag #12DaysofRage. In this article, I explore how Cho used her status as a celebrity to circulate #12DaysofRage which acted as a discursive intervention in rape culture. I used content analysis and thematic analysis to identify themes in the archive of 2401 tweets I collected. I also performed a feminist discourse analysis on both the tweets and news coverage of the campaign to situate the hashtag within its historical, social, and political context. I argue that Cho performed what I call ‘promotional activism’, a subsection of celebrity activism where a celebrity promotes a cause as part of the promotion of a particular project or product. Cho’s choice to centre herself in the campaign made it impossible to separate Cho from the hashtag, preventing #12DaysofRage from greater viral potential, but still acting as a resonant, but ephemeral, gathering point for survivor-focused advocacy.
2015年11月1日,喜剧演员玛格丽特·赵宣布了一项由两部分组成的活动,以宣传她的新音乐视频“我想杀了我的强奸犯”。这包括创建#12DaysofRage标签。在这篇文章中,我探讨了赵显娥如何利用她的名人身份来传播#12DaysofRage,这是对强奸文化的话语干预。我使用内容分析和主题分析来识别我收集的2401条tweet的归档中的主题。我还对该活动的推文和新闻报道进行了女权主义话语分析,将该标签置于其历史、社会和政治背景中。我认为赵执行了我所谓的“推广行动主义”,这是名人行动主义的一个分支,名人推动一项事业,作为推广特定项目或产品的一部分。Cho选择将自己置于活动的中心,这使得她不可能与标签分开,阻止了#12DaysofRage获得更大的病毒传播潜力,但仍然作为一个共鸣,但短暂的,以幸存者为中心的倡导的聚集点。
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引用次数: 0
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Communication and the Public
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