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Compliance and resistance: An investigation into the construction of gender identities by Pakistani women on Facebook 顺从与反抗:巴基斯坦女性在脸书上构建性别认同的调查
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/12259276.2020.1854414
Rauha Salam
ABSTRACT Facebook has recently gained popularity among young, digitally literate and predominantly urban Pakistanis. Such social networking sites allow users the freedom to express themselves using usernames, visuals and topics of their own choice. In this article, I examine how Pakistani Facebook users mobilize such resources in their identity work. Using Multimodal Discourse Analysis, I investigate how Pakistani women construct their gender identities on Facebook using visual and linguistic resources. The results revealed the significant impact of Facebook on the socio-cultural and linguistic norms of discourse in Pakistan that enables women to challenge established communication models while they simultaneously reinforce traditional gender models.
摘要脸书最近在年轻人、懂数字的巴基斯坦人和以城市为主的巴基斯坦人中越来越受欢迎。这样的社交网站允许用户自由地使用自己选择的用户名、视觉效果和主题来表达自己。在这篇文章中,我研究了巴基斯坦脸书用户如何在身份工作中调动这些资源。使用多模式话语分析,我调查了巴基斯坦女性如何利用视觉和语言资源在脸书上构建自己的性别认同。研究结果显示,脸书对巴基斯坦社会文化和语言话语规范产生了重大影响,使女性能够挑战既定的沟通模式,同时强化传统的性别模式。
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引用次数: 5
Negotiating with intimacy: Being a good Vietnamese mother in Taiwan 与亲密交涉:在台湾做一个好越南妈妈
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/12259276.2020.1859172
Huy Le Anh Huynh, Tuan Quoc Huynh
ABSTRACT Vietnamese immigrant women in Taiwan often encounter difficulties in being “good mothers,” compared to their local counterparts. Their mothering is stigmatized and they are represented as “alien wombs” or are said to be “unfit” for reproductive roles. This has negative impact on the next generation of children of mixed ethnicity. Drawing upon in-depth interviews with 16 Vietnamese immigrant women married to Taiwanese men, we used a feminist perspective on mothering to explore intimacy as experienced within unhappy marital lives. We found that to become “good mothers” in the eyes of the society they now live in, such women try to build harmonious familial relationships with family members. They do this by attempting to change people’s negative ideas and images regarding them and doing whatever they can for their families and society. We conclude that these women use intimacy with their children as a strategy for being respected as mothers in Taiwan, the country in which they now live.
在台湾的越南移民妇女,与当地妇女相比,往往难以成为“好母亲”。她们的母性被污名化,她们被认为是“外星子宫”,或者被认为“不适合”生育。这对下一代混血儿产生了负面影响。通过对16位嫁给台湾男性的越南移民女性的深度访谈,我们用女权主义的视角来探讨在不幸福的婚姻生活中所经历的亲密关系。我们发现,为了成为她们现在所处社会眼中的“好母亲”,这些女性试图与家庭成员建立和谐的家庭关系。他们的做法是试图改变人们对他们的负面看法和形象,并为他们的家庭和社会尽其所能。我们的结论是,这些女性用与孩子的亲密关系作为一种策略,在台湾,她们现在生活在这个国家,作为母亲受到尊重。
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引用次数: 1
The voices of unmarried pregnant girls and the girlhood discourse in Yogyakarta, Indonesia 未婚怀孕少女的声音与印尼日惹的少女话语
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/12259276.2020.1859173
D. Asriani
ABSTRACT This paper discusses the discourse of girlhood in Indonesia in the narratives of unmarried pregnant girls, based on ethnographic research in Yogyakarta. Given cultural taboos regarding these girls such instances are kept hidden. I seek to explain problems regarding teenage pregnancy here, with a focus on the experiences of pregnant girls to reveal how gender norms operate against them with respect to romantic relationships, dropping out of school, early marriage, and sexual violence. Further, this paper sees the paradox of gender and sexuality in post-reformation Indonesia. Although the discussion on teenage pregnancy and girlhood has become part of public discourse, there is a need for an alternative gender sensitive approach.
摘要本文以日惹的人种学研究为基础,探讨了未婚怀孕女孩叙事中的印尼少女时代话语。鉴于对这些女孩的文化禁忌,这种情况被隐藏起来。我试图在这里解释有关少女怀孕的问题,重点是怀孕女孩的经历,以揭示在恋爱关系、辍学、早婚和性暴力方面,性别规范是如何对她们不利的。此外,本文还看到了改革后印尼的性别和性矛盾。尽管关于少女怀孕和少女时代的讨论已成为公共讨论的一部分,但仍需要采取另一种对性别问题敏感的方法。
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引用次数: 1
Split: A life—the saga of a woman in search of equanimity 斯普利特:一个女人寻求平静的故事
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/12259276.2020.1854154
Sangeeta Sharma, Anushree Sharma
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引用次数: 0
Roles and voices of farmers in the “special purpose” forest area in Indonesia: Strengthening gender responsive policy 印度尼西亚“特殊用途”林区农民的作用和声音:加强促进性别平等的政策
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/12259276.2020.1844972
K. Dewi, Sandy Nur Ikfal Raharjo, Desmiwati, K. A. Hendarto, A. Aminah, T. A. Wisudayati, Hasan Royani, Anggi Dian Safitri Hasibuan, Dian Ratna Sari
ABSTRACT Using the Harvard Analytical Framework (HAF), we analyze the role of farmers (male and female) in the Special Purpose Forest Area of Parungpanjang, Indonesia. Primary data for this study were collected through interviews and focus group discussions with male and female farmers at the research site in September 2019. This shows that female farmers participate in all dimensions of productive, reproductive, and socio-political activities, including aspects of control, while male farmers tend to limit their participation only to productive and socio-political activities. It confirms the findings of earlier research that there is no significant gender difference between the roles of female and male farmers in terms of natural resource management and control in Southeast Asia. However, one problem remains: the Special Purpose Forest Area of Parungpanjang has not given official registration rights to female farmers. By presenting their voices, we suggest the need for the strengthening of gender-responsive policies such as granting registration rights to female farmers to access and use land and conduct gender awareness programs among male farmers.
摘要利用哈佛分析框架(HAF),我们分析了农民(男性和女性)在印度尼西亚帕龙潘让特殊用途林区中的作用。本研究的主要数据是通过2019年9月在研究地点与男性和女性农民的访谈和焦点小组讨论收集的。这表明,女性农民参与生产、生殖和社会政治活动的各个方面,包括控制方面,而男性农民往往将其参与仅限于生产和社会政治行动。这证实了早期研究的结果,即在东南亚,女性和男性农民在自然资源管理和控制方面的角色没有显著的性别差异。然而,有一个问题仍然存在:帕龙潘让的特殊用途林区没有给予女农民正式登记权。通过表达他们的声音,我们建议有必要加强促进性别平等的政策,例如授予女性农民获得和使用土地的登记权,并在男性农民中开展性别意识方案。
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引用次数: 3
In search of Filipino “women in the middle” 寻找菲律宾的“中间女性”
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/12259276.2020.1847865
Excelsa C. Tongson
ABSTRACT The ‘sandwich generation’ is a unique familial position and refers to persons who are expected to care simultaneously for children and older adults in extended families. The non-availability of information about women of this cohort in leading government sources of data and their invisibility in the care work discourse led me to investigate their condition. Data for three census years—1990, 2000, 2010—in the National Capital Region of the Philippines were processed using Stata, a statistical software, to analyze patterns in the numbers and demographic characteristics of these women. The number of such women has grown steadily in 20 years. Female household heads in the sandwich generation are typically middle aged, without partners or spouses, college graduates and homeowners. Female family members in the sandwich generation are typically 30–35 years old, legally married, college graduates, and living in their own homes. By categorizing sex into male and female and not recognizing gender identity and sexual orientation, censuses are largely gender blind. Expanding this research to the entire Philippines and other low-income countries, including LGBTQI persons, and recognizing their unpaid care work may open channels for inclusive global recognition of the sandwich generation and lead to their emancipation and equality.
“三明治一代”是一个独特的家庭地位,指的是那些在大家庭中同时照顾孩子和老人的人。在主要的政府数据来源中,关于这一群体的女性的信息是不可获得的,而且她们在护理工作的话语中是隐形的,这促使我调查她们的状况。使用统计软件Stata对菲律宾国家首都地区1990年、2000年和2010年三个人口普查年份的数据进行了处理,以分析这些妇女的数量模式和人口特征。20年来,这类女性的数量稳步增长。“三明治一代”的女性户主通常是中年人,没有伴侣或配偶,大学毕业生,有房可住。“三明治一代”的女性家庭成员通常在30-35岁之间,合法结婚,大学毕业,住在自己的房子里。通过将性别分为男性和女性,而不承认性别认同和性取向,人口普查在很大程度上是性别盲。将这项研究扩展到整个菲律宾和其他低收入国家,包括LGBTQI人群,并承认他们的无偿照顾工作,可能会为全球对三明治一代的包容性认可打开渠道,并导致他们的解放和平等。
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引用次数: 0
Negotiating femininity, motherhood and beauty: Experiences of Pakistani women breast cancer patients 谈判女性,母性和美丽:巴基斯坦女性乳腺癌患者的经历
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/12259276.2020.1859076
T. Mansoor, Saad Abid
ABSTRACT Breasts are a symbol of femininity, sexuality and maternity and therefore play a role in the way breast cancer is perceived by society. Goffman in 1963 sees stigma such as arising out of disease, by noting that people with socially undesirable characteristics have “spoiled identity” that leads to social discrimination and devaluation. This qualitative feminist ethnographic study explores understanding of breast cancer in a patriarchal setup and the stigma arising out of it. Here I use the six dimensions of stigma as a theoretical framework, as defined by Jones, Scott and Markus. After approval of an ethics committee, 37 research participants (22 patients who had undergone mastectomy and 15 caregivers) were included in the study sample. The data collected via in-depth interviews/focus group discussions was examined thematically. The emerging themes included concepts of shame, self-disclosure of serious illness, loss of breast/s, maternal symbol, beauty, femininity, adjusting to a “new identity,” alopecia and the overburdened caregiver. It is seen that breast cancer poses a threat to femininity as it leads to a distortion of beauty ideals and disrupts the domestic roles of women as housewives and mothers which stigmatizes them and they have to make multiple efforts to restore themselves physically and mentally.
乳房是女性、性和母性的象征,因此在乳腺癌被社会认知的方式中扮演着重要角色。戈夫曼(Goffman)在1963年看到了由疾病引起的耻辱,他指出,具有社会不受欢迎特征的人“被宠坏的身份”导致了社会歧视和贬低。这个定性的女权主义人种学研究探讨了在父权制度下对乳腺癌的理解以及由此产生的耻辱。在这里,我使用由Jones, Scott和Markus定义的病耻感的六个维度作为理论框架。经伦理委员会批准,37名研究参与者(22名接受乳房切除术的患者和15名护理人员)被纳入研究样本。通过深入访谈/焦点小组讨论收集的数据按主题进行审查。新出现的主题包括羞耻的概念、对严重疾病的自我披露、失去乳房、母亲的象征、美、女性气质、适应“新身份”、脱发和负担过重的照顾者。人们认为,乳腺癌是对女性气质的威胁,因为它导致了对美的理想的扭曲,破坏了女性作为家庭主妇和母亲的家庭角色,使她们蒙受耻辱,她们不得不通过多种努力来恢复自己的身心。
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引用次数: 3
Gender relations, urban flooding, and the lived experiences of women in informal urban spaces 性别关系,城市洪水,以及女性在非正式城市空间中的生活经历
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/12259276.2020.1817263
Deepshikha Singh
ABSTRACT This study draws on qualitative data about gendered vulnerabilities and resilience in situations of urban flooding in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, India. Women in informal urban spaces comprise marginalized groups who face greater risks in times of disaster owing to their inferior socioeconomic status and the hazardous geographical space they occupy. This study provides insights into the lived experiences of women in such spaces that are shaped by unequal gender relations and flooding. Women's narratives are analyzed and presented as part of my research findings. Unequal gender relations, combined with socioeconomic disadvantage, are important factors for their vulnerability and limited resilience. The perspectives of urban disadvantaged women, which have been long ignored, need to be actively integrated into disaster risk reduction planning. The implications of a gendered approach to disaster risk reduction by prioritizing the empowerment of urban disadvantaged women is discussed and suggested.
摘要本研究利用了关于印度孟买大都会区城市洪水情况下性别脆弱性和恢复力的定性数据。非正规城市空间中的妇女包括边缘化群体,她们由于社会经济地位低下和所占据的危险地理空间,在灾难发生时面临更大的风险。这项研究深入了解了女性在这种由不平等的性别关系和洪水塑造的空间中的生活经历。作为我研究发现的一部分,对女性叙事进行了分析和呈现。不平等的性别关系,加上社会经济劣势,是他们脆弱和复原力有限的重要因素。长期以来被忽视的城市弱势妇女的观点需要积极纳入减少灾害风险的规划。讨论并提出了通过优先赋予城市弱势妇女权力来减少灾害风险的性别方法的影响。
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引用次数: 4
Going transnational? A feminist view of “comfort women” memorials 跨国?“慰安妇”纪念馆的女权主义观点
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/12259276.2020.1808287
Joohee Kim
ABSTRACT Sonyeosang (“comfort women” memorials) have become symbols of the memory war between Korea and Japan. Amidst heated nationalistic competition, the main battleground of this memory war is the U.S. This study observes how Kim Hak-sun, a victim of military sexual slavery by Japan, decided to speak out after meeting an atomic bomb victim in 1991. Focusing on this meeting, I argue that the amnesia in East Asia regarding comfort women should be seen as a result of a systematic plan to build Pax Americana. Rather than complacently celebrating the Sonyeosang installation movement, which is now taking place actively across the world as a form of transnational memory activism, we should continue to call for a radical and active critique of the huge paradox of the East Asian peace regime that led to amnesia.
“慰安妇”纪念碑已成为韩日记忆战争的象征。在激烈的民族主义竞争中,这场记忆战争的主战场是美国。该研究记录了日本军慰安妇受害者金学善在1991年见到原子弹受害者后,决定发声的过程。以此次会议为中心,我认为东亚慰安妇失忆应该被看作是构筑“美国和平”(Pax Americana)计划的结果。我们不应该自满地庆祝作为一种跨国记忆行动主义在世界各地积极开展的松丽相装置运动,而应该继续呼吁对导致健忘症的东亚和平体制的巨大悖论进行激进和积极的批判。
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引用次数: 0
Anti-domestic violence law: The fight for women’s legal rights in China 反家庭暴力法:中国妇女合法权利的斗争
IF 0.9 4区 社会学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/12259276.2020.1798069
Fei Qi, Yuqi Wu, Qi Wang
ABSTRACT In China, the definition of domestic violence is usually limited to direct physical and mental harm to family members. About a quarter of Chinese families have been reportedly affected by domestic violence to different degrees, with most victims being women who have lacked effective legal protection for a long time. In response, Chinese feminists advocated the implementation of the Anti-domestic Violence Law (ADVL). Through judicial reforms, the Supreme Court of China has urged local courts at all levels to establish Family Law Divisions so that they can implement the provisions of ADVL better. However, due to compromises made before it was finalized and the restrictions of the Chinese legal system, its effectiveness is still limited, making it difficult for Chinese female victims of domestic violence to obtain sufficient support from the courts. The process Chinese feminists have undertaken to put forward their ideas regarding this Law has only just begun.
摘要在中国,家庭暴力的定义通常仅限于对家庭成员的直接身心伤害。据报道,大约四分之一的中国家庭受到不同程度的家庭暴力影响,其中大多数受害者是长期缺乏有效法律保护的女性。作为回应,中国女权主义者主张实施《反家庭暴力法》。通过司法改革,中国最高法院敦促地方各级法院设立家庭法庭,以便更好地执行《家庭法》的规定。然而,由于在最终确定之前做出的妥协以及中国法律制度的限制,其有效性仍然有限,使中国家庭暴力女性受害者难以获得法院的充分支持。中国女权主义者提出这部法律的过程才刚刚开始。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Asian Journal of Womens Studies
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