Pub Date : 2011-12-01DOI: 10.1109/TISC.2011.6169091
R. Thakare, K. Kulat
UWB (Ultra-wideband) radio is a fast emerging technology with uniquely attractive features inviting major advances in wireless communications, networking, radar, imaging, and positioning systems. UWB technology is advance technology for high speed data transfer for indoor as well as outdoor communication. Paper provides the coexistence of WiMax and UWB system that work in band 3.1GHz to 10.6 GHz. The brief introduction of UWB system as well as various issues of coexistence between WiMax and UWB is described. PSD of OFDM signal is simulated using Matlab software.
{"title":"Effect of UWB Interference on WiMAX System","authors":"R. Thakare, K. Kulat","doi":"10.1109/TISC.2011.6169091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TISC.2011.6169091","url":null,"abstract":"UWB (Ultra-wideband) radio is a fast emerging technology with uniquely attractive features inviting major advances in wireless communications, networking, radar, imaging, and positioning systems. UWB technology is advance technology for high speed data transfer for indoor as well as outdoor communication. Paper provides the coexistence of WiMax and UWB system that work in band 3.1GHz to 10.6 GHz. The brief introduction of UWB system as well as various issues of coexistence between WiMax and UWB is described. PSD of OFDM signal is simulated using Matlab software.","PeriodicalId":443239,"journal":{"name":"2011 Fourth International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132905088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Yagain, Ankit Parakh, Akriti Kedia, Gunjan Kumar Gupta
In several applications, the embedded SRAMs can occupy the majority of the chip area and contain hundreds of millions of transistors. Since RAMs are critical to processor performance, researchers have sought to optimize their performance and efficiency through reconfiguration [1]. This paper presents the architecture and circuit design for a multiported SRAM building block. In this paper SRAM cell with load (6T) and without load (4T) is designed and implemented in 180nm technology and comparison between them was made in terms of power consumed, area used and access time. It was found that load less 4T SRAM cell consumes less power as compared to 6T SRAM cell and occupies lesser area. Here as an application example, 8X1 memory using load less 4T is implemented. The decoding here is again done with Traditional CMOS decoder and Lyon Schediwy decoder. It is observed that the later performs much better in terms of power, timing and is area efficient. The 6T and 4T load less memory cell is further converted for multiport operation and simulated for various performance parameters such as area, power and delay and compared.
{"title":"Design and Implementation of High Speed, Low Area Multiported Loadless 4T Memory Cell","authors":"D. Yagain, Ankit Parakh, Akriti Kedia, Gunjan Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.1109/ICETET.2011.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETET.2011.23","url":null,"abstract":"In several applications, the embedded SRAMs can occupy the majority of the chip area and contain hundreds of millions of transistors. Since RAMs are critical to processor performance, researchers have sought to optimize their performance and efficiency through reconfiguration [1]. This paper presents the architecture and circuit design for a multiported SRAM building block. In this paper SRAM cell with load (6T) and without load (4T) is designed and implemented in 180nm technology and comparison between them was made in terms of power consumed, area used and access time. It was found that load less 4T SRAM cell consumes less power as compared to 6T SRAM cell and occupies lesser area. Here as an application example, 8X1 memory using load less 4T is implemented. The decoding here is again done with Traditional CMOS decoder and Lyon Schediwy decoder. It is observed that the later performs much better in terms of power, timing and is area efficient. The 6T and 4T load less memory cell is further converted for multiport operation and simulated for various performance parameters such as area, power and delay and compared.","PeriodicalId":443239,"journal":{"name":"2011 Fourth International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123734244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper is in two parts and in Part (1) attempts to formalise the loose concept of "System of Systems" (SoS) within the context of Systems Theory whilst in Part (2) explores and develops a conceptual framework for emergence that is suitable for further development. We view the notion of SoS as an evolution of the standard notion of systems and provide an abstract and generic definition that is detached from the particular domain. The notion of emergence is considered within both the framework of Composite and SoS and it is linked to the problem of defining functions on a given system and evaluating their values. The emergence is thus presented as the defining signature of a system including System of Systems
{"title":"System of Systems and Emergence Part 2: Synergetic Effects and Emergence","authors":"N. Karcanias, A. Hessami","doi":"10.1109/ICETET.2011.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETET.2011.52","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is in two parts and in Part (1) attempts to formalise the loose concept of \"System of Systems\" (SoS) within the context of Systems Theory whilst in Part (2) explores and develops a conceptual framework for emergence that is suitable for further development. We view the notion of SoS as an evolution of the standard notion of systems and provide an abstract and generic definition that is detached from the particular domain. The notion of emergence is considered within both the framework of Composite and SoS and it is linked to the problem of defining functions on a given system and evaluating their values. The emergence is thus presented as the defining signature of a system including System of Systems","PeriodicalId":443239,"journal":{"name":"2011 Fourth International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130630124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The introduction of Information technology has leaded the workflow systems (WFs) to become more flexible and dynamic at runtime. The fixed WFs are replaced by changeable WFs. The challenges faced by a workflow at the time of execution due to its flexible nature are focus of this paper. Flexibility is the capability of workflow process to execute on the basis of a loosely, or partially specified model, where the full specification of the model is made at runtime, and may be unique to each instance or at each sub-workflow level. This flexibility introduces different challenges during the course of execution. This paper identifies the problems / challenges and puts forth a study on different parameters which were used in the solutions to the challenge and their lacunas in the same.
{"title":"Challenges in Flexible Workflow Architecture: A Review","authors":"S. M. Tayade, Vinay Chavan","doi":"10.1109/ICETET.2011.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETET.2011.64","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of Information technology has leaded the workflow systems (WFs) to become more flexible and dynamic at runtime. The fixed WFs are replaced by changeable WFs. The challenges faced by a workflow at the time of execution due to its flexible nature are focus of this paper. Flexibility is the capability of workflow process to execute on the basis of a loosely, or partially specified model, where the full specification of the model is made at runtime, and may be unique to each instance or at each sub-workflow level. This flexibility introduces different challenges during the course of execution. This paper identifies the problems / challenges and puts forth a study on different parameters which were used in the solutions to the challenge and their lacunas in the same.","PeriodicalId":443239,"journal":{"name":"2011 Fourth International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124237842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Digital Signal Processing the major problem before the developers is the designing of the digital filters for receiver processing and in order to transmit the enormous amount of data within finite frequency band tighter filter specifications is the need of the day. This paper brings in limelight the comparison between the various FIR designing methodologies like the Single-Phase, Multi-rate FIR Filters and the Adaptive FIR Filters. This paper also lays emphasis on the various practical aspects of the filter designing and implementation and also the various pro and cons of the various designing algorithms and methodologies.
{"title":"Analysis of Adaptive LMS Filtering in Contrast to Multirate Filtering","authors":"Amanpreet Singh, B. Bansal","doi":"10.1109/ICETET.2011.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETET.2011.48","url":null,"abstract":"In Digital Signal Processing the major problem before the developers is the designing of the digital filters for receiver processing and in order to transmit the enormous amount of data within finite frequency band tighter filter specifications is the need of the day. This paper brings in limelight the comparison between the various FIR designing methodologies like the Single-Phase, Multi-rate FIR Filters and the Adaptive FIR Filters. This paper also lays emphasis on the various practical aspects of the filter designing and implementation and also the various pro and cons of the various designing algorithms and methodologies.","PeriodicalId":443239,"journal":{"name":"2011 Fourth International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology","volume":"55 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132069473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper a low power Sigma Delta Modulator is presented. The reported ADCs which are used in high bandwidth applications ranging from KHz to MHz consume about 10 to 70mW. The modulator designed in this work consumes 0.64mW from a 1.8V supply and operates at 380 KHz with an over-sampling ratio of 64 and a single bit quantizer in 180nm technology for portable and digital radio application. Discrete-time and continuous-time sigma-delta modulators are compared to highlight the power advantages and design challenges in the continuous-time approach. For testing purpose the coherent sampling is done to get the FFT plot of the output signal.
{"title":"Design and Implementation of the Low Power 0.64mW, 380 KHz Continuous Time Sigma Delta ADC","authors":"Aniruddha Kanhe, B. Acharya, R. Deshmukh","doi":"10.1109/ICETET.2011.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETET.2011.68","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a low power Sigma Delta Modulator is presented. The reported ADCs which are used in high bandwidth applications ranging from KHz to MHz consume about 10 to 70mW. The modulator designed in this work consumes 0.64mW from a 1.8V supply and operates at 380 KHz with an over-sampling ratio of 64 and a single bit quantizer in 180nm technology for portable and digital radio application. Discrete-time and continuous-time sigma-delta modulators are compared to highlight the power advantages and design challenges in the continuous-time approach. For testing purpose the coherent sampling is done to get the FFT plot of the output signal.","PeriodicalId":443239,"journal":{"name":"2011 Fourth International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133169407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weight reduction is now the main issue in automobile industries. Weight reduction can be achieved primarily by the introduction of better material, design optimization and better manufacturing processes. The achievement of weight reduction with adequate improvement of mechanical properties has made composite a very good replacement material for conventional steel. Selection of material is based on cost and strength of material. The composite materials have more elastic strain energy storage capacity and high strength to weight ratio as compared with those of steel, so multi-leaf steel springs are being replaced by mono-leaf composite springs. The paper gives the brief look on the suitability of composite leaf spring on vehicles and their advantages. The objective of the present work is design, analysis and fabrication of mono composite leaf spring. The design constraints are stress and deflections. The material selected is glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP) and the epoxy resin can be used which is more economical to reduce total cost of composite leaf spring with similar mechanical and geometrical properties to the multileaf spring. The composite leaf spring is fabricated by hand lay-up technique and tested. The testing was performed experimentally with the help of UTM and by (FEA) using ANSYS software showing stresses and deflections were verified with analytical and experimental results. Compared to the steel spring, the composite spring has stresses that are much lower, the spring weight is nearly 74% lower.
{"title":"Design and Analysis of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Leaf Spring","authors":"B. B. Deshmukh, S. Jaju","doi":"10.1109/ICETET.2011.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETET.2011.61","url":null,"abstract":"Weight reduction is now the main issue in automobile industries. Weight reduction can be achieved primarily by the introduction of better material, design optimization and better manufacturing processes. The achievement of weight reduction with adequate improvement of mechanical properties has made composite a very good replacement material for conventional steel. Selection of material is based on cost and strength of material. The composite materials have more elastic strain energy storage capacity and high strength to weight ratio as compared with those of steel, so multi-leaf steel springs are being replaced by mono-leaf composite springs. The paper gives the brief look on the suitability of composite leaf spring on vehicles and their advantages. The objective of the present work is design, analysis and fabrication of mono composite leaf spring. The design constraints are stress and deflections. The material selected is glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP) and the epoxy resin can be used which is more economical to reduce total cost of composite leaf spring with similar mechanical and geometrical properties to the multileaf spring. The composite leaf spring is fabricated by hand lay-up technique and tested. The testing was performed experimentally with the help of UTM and by (FEA) using ANSYS software showing stresses and deflections were verified with analytical and experimental results. Compared to the steel spring, the composite spring has stresses that are much lower, the spring weight is nearly 74% lower.","PeriodicalId":443239,"journal":{"name":"2011 Fourth International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124845964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Different ablative therapies are clinically used to treat liver cancer, as well as tumors in kidney, bone and lungs. Ablative therapies such as ultrasound, radio frequency (RF), microwaves, and laser energy are used to heat the tissue, but most promising method is microwave ablation (MWA). Therefore, the work will concentrate on MWA and this paper presents the finite element analysis of extended tip monopole sliding choke antenna for hepatic microwave ablation (MWA) at quarter wavelength. The heating characteristics, temperature distribution pattern and finite element meshing has been analyzed at frequency of 2.45GHz and at a power of 20 Watt.
{"title":"Microwave Interstitial Thermal Ablation of Hepatic Tumors by Extended Tip Sliding Choke Antenna","authors":"S. Maini, A. Marwaha","doi":"10.1109/ICETET.2011.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETET.2011.41","url":null,"abstract":"Different ablative therapies are clinically used to treat liver cancer, as well as tumors in kidney, bone and lungs. Ablative therapies such as ultrasound, radio frequency (RF), microwaves, and laser energy are used to heat the tissue, but most promising method is microwave ablation (MWA). Therefore, the work will concentrate on MWA and this paper presents the finite element analysis of extended tip monopole sliding choke antenna for hepatic microwave ablation (MWA) at quarter wavelength. The heating characteristics, temperature distribution pattern and finite element meshing has been analyzed at frequency of 2.45GHz and at a power of 20 Watt.","PeriodicalId":443239,"journal":{"name":"2011 Fourth International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128651554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conventional attempts at using parallel concatenation for LDPC codes have not been widely successful. Interestingly, existing schemes do not rely on the concatenating architecture, but rather on the complementary profile of two carefully selected component codes. Each code individually drive the decoding process over the signal-to-noise ratio range over which it excels. In this work however, a concatenating scheme is proposed that is not limited by specific choices of component codes. In addition, the scheme also departs from conventional turbo style settings by transmitting two sets of source bits over the channel, instead of just one. At the receiving side then, two decoders are set up and share extrinsic information. The key difference however with the conventional turbo style, is that the channel information (being independent for both decoders) is not removed when computing the extrinsic information. As signal-to-noise ratio increases, the associated impact of this modification results in a valuable performance gain.
{"title":"Parallel Concatenation of LDPC Codes with Two Sets of Source Bits","authors":"P. C. Catherine, K. Soyjaudah","doi":"10.1109/ICETET.2011.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETET.2011.46","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional attempts at using parallel concatenation for LDPC codes have not been widely successful. Interestingly, existing schemes do not rely on the concatenating architecture, but rather on the complementary profile of two carefully selected component codes. Each code individually drive the decoding process over the signal-to-noise ratio range over which it excels. In this work however, a concatenating scheme is proposed that is not limited by specific choices of component codes. In addition, the scheme also departs from conventional turbo style settings by transmitting two sets of source bits over the channel, instead of just one. At the receiving side then, two decoders are set up and share extrinsic information. The key difference however with the conventional turbo style, is that the channel information (being independent for both decoders) is not removed when computing the extrinsic information. As signal-to-noise ratio increases, the associated impact of this modification results in a valuable performance gain.","PeriodicalId":443239,"journal":{"name":"2011 Fourth International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology","volume":"39 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123283591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Engineering activities in product modeling systems define and relate object representations in a structure. An evergreen problem in product object definition is that most of the utilized knowledge can not be represented in the product model. At the same time, most of the omitted knowledge would be essential at application of the relevant object representations. The authors of this paper defined and published knowledge representations in order to extend the currently available product modeling capabilities for this purpose. In this paper, they discuss and detail issues of a new adaptive process for the creation and integration of knowledge that is essential for effective application of product model objects at development, modification, reconfiguration, and correction of product. After an introduction of model object definition, knowledge communication shortage in the currently typical product modeling process is emphasized and explained. As a possible solution, a new background knowledge assisted engineering process is introduced. Following this, three component modeling processes of this engineering process are detailed. They are human thinking and communication process, process for the definition of behaviors, and process for the propagation of intended influences. Finally, definition of intended influence and definition of knowledge in intended influence are explained.
{"title":"A New Adaptive Process for Product Model Object Definition","authors":"L. Horváth, I. Rudas","doi":"10.1109/ICETET.2011.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICETET.2011.35","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering activities in product modeling systems define and relate object representations in a structure. An evergreen problem in product object definition is that most of the utilized knowledge can not be represented in the product model. At the same time, most of the omitted knowledge would be essential at application of the relevant object representations. The authors of this paper defined and published knowledge representations in order to extend the currently available product modeling capabilities for this purpose. In this paper, they discuss and detail issues of a new adaptive process for the creation and integration of knowledge that is essential for effective application of product model objects at development, modification, reconfiguration, and correction of product. After an introduction of model object definition, knowledge communication shortage in the currently typical product modeling process is emphasized and explained. As a possible solution, a new background knowledge assisted engineering process is introduced. Following this, three component modeling processes of this engineering process are detailed. They are human thinking and communication process, process for the definition of behaviors, and process for the propagation of intended influences. Finally, definition of intended influence and definition of knowledge in intended influence are explained.","PeriodicalId":443239,"journal":{"name":"2011 Fourth International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121597670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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