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ORSUM 2022 - 5th Workshop on Online Recommender Systems and User Modeling ORSUM 2022 -第五届在线推荐系统和用户建模研讨会
Pub Date : 2022-09-18 DOI: 10.1145/3523227.3547411
João Vinagre, Marie Al-Ghossein, A. Jorge, A. Bifet, Ladislav Peška
Modern online systems for user modeling and recommendation need to continuously deal with complex data streams generated by users at very fast rates. This can be overwhelming for systems and algorithms designed to train recommendation models in batches, given the continuous and potentially fast change of content, context and user preferences or intents. Therefore, it is important to investigate methods able to transparently and continuously adapt to the inherent dynamics of user interactions, preferably for long periods of time. Online models that continuously learn from such flows of data are gaining attention in the recommender systems community, given their natural ability to deal with data generated in dynamic, complex environments. User modeling and personalization can particularly benefit from algorithms capable of maintaining models incrementally and online. The objective of this workshop is to foster contributions and bring together a growing community of researchers and practitioners interested in online, adaptive approaches to user modeling, recommendation and personalization, and their implications regarding multiple dimensions, such as evaluation, reproducibility, privacy, fairness and transparency.
用于用户建模和推荐的现代在线系统需要以非常快的速度连续处理用户生成的复杂数据流。考虑到内容、上下文和用户偏好或意图的持续和潜在的快速变化,这对于旨在批量训练推荐模型的系统和算法来说可能是压倒性的。因此,研究能够透明和持续适应用户交互的内在动态的方法是很重要的,最好是长时间的。由于在线模型具有处理动态、复杂环境中生成的数据的天然能力,从此类数据流中不断学习的在线模型正在推荐系统社区中获得关注。用户建模和个性化可以特别受益于能够增量和在线维护模型的算法。本次研讨会的目的是促进贡献,并将越来越多的研究人员和实践者聚集在一起,这些研究人员和实践者对在线、自适应方法的用户建模、推荐和个性化及其对多个维度的影响感兴趣,如评估、可重复性、隐私、公平和透明度。
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引用次数: 1
Adversary or Friend? An adversarial Approach to Improving Recommender Systems 对手还是朋友?改进推荐系统的对抗方法
Pub Date : 2022-09-18 DOI: 10.1145/3523227.3546784
Pannagadatta K. Shivaswamy, Dario García-García
Typical recommender systems models are trained to have good average performance across all users or items. In practice, this results in model performance that is good for some users but sub-optimal for many users. In this work, we consider adversarially trained machine learning models and extend them to recommender systems problems. The adversarial models are trained with no additional demographic or other information than already available to the learning algorithm. We show that adversarially reweighted learning models give more emphasis to dense areas of the feature-space that incur high loss during training. We show that a straightforward adversarial model adapted to recommender systems can fail to perform well and that a carefully designed adversarial model can perform much better. The proposed models are trained using a standard gradient descent/ascent approach that can be easily adapted to many recommender problems. We compare our results with an inverse propensity weighting based baseline that also works well in practice. We delve deep into the underlying experimental results and show that, for the users who are under-served by the baseline model, the adversarial models can achieve significantly better results.
典型的推荐系统模型被训练为在所有用户或项目中具有良好的平均性能。在实践中,这将导致模型性能对某些用户来说是好的,但对许多用户来说不是最优的。在这项工作中,我们考虑对抗训练的机器学习模型,并将其扩展到推荐系统问题。对抗模型的训练没有额外的人口统计或其他信息,而不是学习算法已经可用的信息。我们表明,对抗性重加权学习模型更加强调在训练过程中导致高损失的特征空间的密集区域。我们表明,适合于推荐系统的直接对抗模型可能表现不佳,而精心设计的对抗模型可以表现得更好。所提出的模型使用标准的梯度下降/上升方法进行训练,该方法可以很容易地适应许多推荐问题。我们将我们的结果与基于逆倾向加权的基线进行比较,该基线在实践中也很有效。我们深入研究了潜在的实验结果,并表明,对于基线模型服务不足的用户,对抗模型可以取得明显更好的结果。
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引用次数: 4
Second Workshop on Recommender Systems for Human Resources (RecSys in HR 2022) 第二届人力资源推荐系统研讨会(RecSys in HR 2022)
Pub Date : 2022-09-18 DOI: 10.1145/3523227.3547414
Toine Bogers, David Graus, Mesut Kaya, Francisco Gutiérrez, S. Mesbah, Chris Johnson
Citation for published version (APA): Bogers, T., Graus, D., Kaya, M., Gutiérrez, F., Mesbah, S., & Johnson, C. (2022). Second Workshop on Recommender Systems for Human Resources (RecSys in HR 2022). In RecSys 2022 Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Recommender Systems (pp. 671-674). Association for Computing Machinery. RecSys 2022 Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Recommender Systems https://doi.org/10.1145/3523227.3547414
已出版版本引文(APA): Bogers, T., Graus, D., Kaya, M., gutisamrrez, F., Mesbah, S., & Johnson, C.(2022)。第二届人力资源推荐系统研讨会(RecSys in HR 2022)。RecSys 2022第16届ACM推荐系统会议论文集(第671-674页)。计算机协会。RecSys 2022第16届ACM推荐系统会议论文集https://doi.org/10.1145/3523227.3547414
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引用次数: 0
Second Workshop: Perspectives on the Evaluation of Recommender Systems (PERSPECTIVES 2022) 第二次研讨会:推荐系统评估的视角(Perspectives 2022)
Pub Date : 2022-09-18 DOI: 10.1145/3523227.3547408
Eva Zangerle, Christine Bauer, A. Said
Evaluation of recommender systems is a central activity when developing recommender systems, both in industry and academia. The second edition of the PERSPECTIVES workshop held at RecSys 2022 brought together academia and industry to critically reflect on the evaluation of recommender systems. In the 2022 edition of PERSPECTIVES, we discussed problems and lessons learned, encouraged the exchange of the various perspectives on evaluation, and aimed to move the discourse forward within the community. We deliberately solicited papers reporting a reflection on problems regarding recommender systems evaluation and lessons learned. The workshop featured interactive parts with discussions in small groups as well as in the plenum, both on-site and online, and an industry keynote.
评估推荐系统是开发推荐系统时的核心活动,无论是在工业界还是学术界。在RecSys 2022举办的第二届展望研讨会汇集了学术界和工业界对推荐系统评估的批判性反思。在2022年版的《展望》中,我们讨论了问题和经验教训,鼓励交流各种评估观点,旨在推动社区内的讨论。我们特意征集了关于推荐系统评估和经验教训的问题反思的论文。研讨会以小组讨论和全体会议的互动部分为特色,包括现场和在线讨论,以及行业主题演讲。
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引用次数: 2
EANA: Reducing Privacy Risk on Large-scale Recommendation Models EANA:降低大规模推荐模型的隐私风险
Pub Date : 2022-09-18 DOI: 10.1145/3523227.3546769
Lin Ning, Steve Chien, Shuang Song, Mei Chen, Yunqi Xue, D. Berlowitz
Embedding-based deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely used in large-scale recommendation systems. Differentially-private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) provides a way to enable personalized experiences while preserving user privacy by injecting noise into every model parameter during the training process. However, it is challenging to apply DP-SGD to large-scale embedding-based DNNs due to its effect on training speed. This happens because the noise added by DP-SGD causes normally sparse gradients to become dense, introducing a large communication overhead between workers and parameter servers in a typical distributed training framework. This paper proposes embedding-aware noise addition (EANA) to mitigate the communication overhead, making training a large-scale embedding-based DNN possible. We examine the privacy benefit of EANA both analytically and empirically using secret sharer techniques. We demonstrate that training with EANA can achieve reasonable model precision while providing good practical privacy protection as measured by the secret sharer tests. Experiments on a real-world, large-scale dataset and model show that EANA is much faster than standard DP-SGD, improving the training speed by 54X and unblocking the training of a large-scale embedding-based DNN with reduced privacy risk.
基于嵌入的深度神经网络(dnn)广泛应用于大规模推荐系统。差分私有随机梯度下降(DP-SGD)提供了一种实现个性化体验的方法,同时通过在训练过程中向每个模型参数注入噪声来保护用户隐私。然而,由于DP-SGD对训练速度的影响,将其应用于大规模基于嵌入的深度神经网络是一个挑战。这是因为DP-SGD添加的噪声导致通常稀疏的梯度变得密集,在典型的分布式训练框架中引入了工作人员和参数服务器之间的大量通信开销。本文提出了嵌入感知噪声添加(EANA)来减少通信开销,使训练大规模的基于嵌入的深度神经网络成为可能。我们使用秘密共享器技术对EANA的隐私优势进行了分析和实证研究。我们证明使用EANA训练可以获得合理的模型精度,同时通过秘密共享器测试提供了良好的实用隐私保护。在真实世界的大规模数据集和模型上的实验表明,EANA比标准DP-SGD快得多,将训练速度提高了54X,并在降低隐私风险的情况下解除了大规模基于嵌入的DNN的训练阻塞。
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引用次数: 4
Conversational Recommender System Using Deep Reinforcement Learning 使用深度强化学习的会话推荐系统
Pub Date : 2022-09-18 DOI: 10.1145/3523227.3547376
Omprakash Sonie
Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) uses the best of both Reinforcement Learning and Deep Learning for solving problems which cannot be addressed by them individually. Deep Reinforcement Learning has been used widely for games, robotics etc. Limited work has been done for applying DRL for Conversational Recommender System (CRS). Hence, this tutorial covers the application of DRL for CRS. We give conceptual introduction to Reinforcement Learning and Deep Reinforcement Learning and cover Deep Q-Network, Dyna, REINFORCE and Actor Critic methods. We then cover various real life case studies with increasing complexity starting from CRS, deep CRS, adaptivity, topic guided CRS, deep and large-scale CRSs. We plan to share pre-read for Reinforcement Learning and Deep Reinforcement learning so that participants can grasp the material well.
深度强化学习(DRL)利用强化学习和深度学习的优点来解决无法单独解决的问题。深度强化学习已广泛应用于游戏、机器人等领域。将DRL应用于会话推荐系统(CRS)方面的工作有限。因此,本教程将介绍DRL在CRS中的应用。我们对强化学习和深度强化学习进行了概念介绍,并涵盖了Deep Q-Network, Dyna, REINFORCE和Actor Critic方法。然后,我们从CRS,深度CRS,适应性,主题引导CRS,深度和大规模CRS开始,涵盖各种日益复杂的现实生活案例研究。我们计划分享强化学习和深度强化学习的预读,以便参与者能够很好地掌握材料。
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引用次数: 0
Discovery Dynamics: Leveraging Repeated Exposure for User and Music Characterization 发现动态:利用用户和音乐特征的重复曝光
Pub Date : 2022-09-18 DOI: 10.1145/3523227.3551474
B. Sguerra, Viet-Anh Tran, Romain Hennequin
Repetition in music consumption is a common phenomenon. It is notably more frequent when compared to the consumption of other media, such as books and movies. In this paper, we show that one particularly interesting repetitive behavior arises when users are consuming new items. Users’ interest tends to rise with the first repetitions and attains a peak after which interest will decrease with subsequent exposures, resulting in an inverted-U shape. This behavior, which has been extensively studied in psychology, is called the mere exposure effect. In this paper, we show how a number of factors, both content and user-based, well documented in the literature on the mere exposure effect, modulate the magnitude of the effect. Due to the vast availability of data of users discovering new songs everyday in music streaming platforms, this findings enable new ways to characterize both the music, users and their relationships. Ultimately, it opens up the possibility of developing new recommender systems paradigms based on these characterizations.
音乐消费中的重复是一种普遍现象。与其他媒体(如书籍和电影)的消费相比,它的频率明显更高。在本文中,我们展示了当用户消费新物品时出现的一个特别有趣的重复行为。用户的兴趣倾向于在第一次重复时上升,然后达到峰值,之后兴趣会随着后续的重复而下降,形成倒u形。这种行为在心理学上得到了广泛的研究,被称为单纯暴露效应。在本文中,我们展示了许多因素,包括内容和基于用户的,在文献中充分记录的纯粹暴露效应,如何调节影响的程度。由于用户每天在音乐流媒体平台上发现新歌的大量数据,这一发现为描述音乐、用户及其关系提供了新的方法。最终,它打开了开发基于这些特征的新推荐系统范例的可能性。
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引用次数: 2
Workshop on Recommenders in Tourism (RecTour) 旅游推荐人工作坊(RecTour)
Pub Date : 2022-09-18 DOI: 10.1145/3523227.3547416
J. Neidhardt, W. Wörndl, T. Kuflik, Dmitri Goldenberg, M. Zanker
The Workshop on Recommenders in Tourism (RecTour) 2022, which is held in conjunction with the 16th ACM Conference on Recommender Systems (RecSys), addresses specific challenges for recommender systems in the tourism domain. In this overview paper, we summarize our motivations to organize the RecTour workshop and present the main topic areas of RecTour submissions. These include context-aware recommendations, group recommender systems, recommending composite items, decision making and user interaction issues, different information sources and various application scenarios.
旅游推荐人研讨会(RecTour) 2022与第16届ACM推荐系统会议(RecSys)同时举行,讨论了旅游领域推荐系统面临的具体挑战。在这篇综述文章中,我们总结了我们组织RecTour研讨会的动机,并介绍了RecTour提交的主要主题领域。其中包括上下文感知推荐、群组推荐系统、推荐组合项目、决策制定和用户交互问题、不同信息源和各种应用场景。
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引用次数: 0
Denoising Self-Attentive Sequential Recommendation 去噪自关注顺序推荐
Pub Date : 2022-09-18 DOI: 10.1145/3523227.3546788
Huiyuan Chen, Yusan Lin, Menghai Pan, Lan Wang, Chin-Chia Michael Yeh, Xiaoting Li, Yan Zheng, Fei Wang, Hao Yang
Transformer-based sequential recommenders are very powerful for capturing both short-term and long-term sequential item dependencies. This is mainly attributed to their unique self-attention networks to exploit pairwise item-item interactions within the sequence. However, real-world item sequences are often noisy, which is particularly true for implicit feedback. For example, a large portion of clicks do not align well with user preferences, and many products end up with negative reviews or being returned. As such, the current user action only depends on a subset of items, not on the entire sequences. Many existing Transformer-based models use full attention distributions, which inevitably assign certain credits to irrelevant items. This may lead to sub-optimal performance if Transformers are not regularized properly. Here we propose the Rec-denoiser model for better training of self-attentive recommender systems. In Rec-denoiser, we aim to adaptively prune noisy items that are unrelated to the next item prediction. To achieve this, we simply attach each self-attention layer with a trainable binary mask to prune noisy attentions, resulting in sparse and clean attention distributions. This largely purifies item-item dependencies and provides better model interpretability. In addition, the self-attention network is typically not Lipschitz continuous and is vulnerable to small perturbations. Jacobian regularization is further applied to the Transformer blocks to improve the robustness of Transformers for noisy sequences. Our Rec-denoiser is a general plugin that is compatible to many Transformers. Quantitative results on real-world datasets show that our Rec-denoiser outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines.
基于转换器的顺序推荐器在捕获短期和长期顺序项依赖关系方面非常强大。这主要归因于它们独特的自我注意网络,以利用序列中成对的项目-项目交互。然而,现实世界的道具序列通常是嘈杂的,对于隐式反馈来说尤其如此。例如,很大一部分点击与用户偏好不一致,许多产品最终得到负面评价或被退回。因此,当前用户操作仅依赖于项目的子集,而不依赖于整个序列。许多现有的基于transformer的模型使用完全的注意力分配,这不可避免地将某些积分分配给不相关的项目。如果变压器没有正确地正则化,这可能会导致次优性能。在这里,我们提出了rec -去噪模型,以更好地训练自关注推荐系统。在reco去噪中,我们的目标是自适应地修剪与下一个项目预测无关的噪声项目。为了实现这一点,我们简单地给每个自注意层附加一个可训练的二值掩码来修剪噪声注意,从而得到稀疏而干净的注意分布。这很大程度上净化了项与项之间的依赖关系,并提供了更好的模型可解释性。此外,自注意网络通常不是利普希茨连续的,容易受到小扰动的影响。进一步将雅可比正则化应用于变压器块,提高变压器对噪声序列的鲁棒性。我们的rec -去噪器是一个通用插件,与许多变压器兼容。在真实世界数据集上的定量结果表明,我们的rec去噪器优于最先进的基线。
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引用次数: 23
CONSEQUENCES — Causality, Counterfactuals and Sequential Decision-Making for Recommender Systems 结果——推荐系统的因果关系、反事实和顺序决策
Pub Date : 2022-09-18 DOI: 10.1145/3523227.3547409
Olivier Jeunen, T. Joachims, Harrie Oosterhuis, Yuta Saito, Flavian Vasile
Recommender systems are more and more often modelled as repeated decision making processes – deciding which (ranking of) items to recommend to a given user. Each decision to recommend or rank an item has a significant impact on immediate and future user responses, long-term satisfaction or engagement with the system, and possibly valuable exposure for the item provider. This interactive and interventionist view of the recommender uncovers a plethora of unanswered research questions, as it complicates the typically adopted offline evaluation or learning procedures in the field. We need an understanding of causal inference to reason about (possibly unintended) consequences of the recommender, and a notion of counterfactuals to answer common “what if”-type questions in learning and evaluation. Advances at the intersection of these fields can foster progress in effective, efficient and fair learning and evaluation from logged data. These topics have been emerging in the Recommender Systems community for a while, but we firmly believe in the value of a dedicated forum and place to learn and exchange ideas. We welcome contributions from both academia and industry and bring together a growing community of researchers and practitioners interested in sequential decision making, offline evaluation, batch policy learning, fairness in online platforms, as well as other related tasks, such as A/B testing.
推荐系统越来越多地被建模为重复的决策过程——决定向给定用户推荐哪些(排序)项目。每一个推荐或排序商品的决定都会对用户的即时和未来的反应、对系统的长期满意度或参与度产生重大影响,并可能对商品提供者有价值的曝光率产生影响。推荐人的这种互动和干预主义观点揭示了大量未解决的研究问题,因为它使该领域通常采用的离线评估或学习程序变得复杂。我们需要理解因果推理来推断(可能是无意的)推荐器的结果,以及反事实的概念来回答学习和评估中常见的“如果”类型的问题。这些领域的交叉进展可以促进有效、高效和公平的学习和评价记录数据方面的进展。这些话题在推荐系统社区中出现已经有一段时间了,但我们坚信一个专门的论坛和学习和交流思想的地方的价值。我们欢迎来自学术界和工业界的贡献,并将越来越多的研究人员和实践者聚集在一起,他们对顺序决策、离线评估、批量策略学习、在线平台的公平性以及其他相关任务(如a /B测试)感兴趣。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Recommender Systems
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