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“Darling, Beauty is Pain” “亲爱的,美丽是痛苦”
Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.1163/26659077-25010023
Porranee Singpliam
How has postfeminist media culture traveled transnationally? What contributes to the postfeminist media’s popularity in Thailand? This paper performs a content analysis of YouTube’s reality show, This is Me Vatanika. The show features gender issues and the promotion of gender equality, enhances women’s empowerment, encourages women’s leadership and rhetorically calls upon its viewers to partake in the process of self-invention. I draw upon postfeminist media culture and its sensibilities and argue that this reality show inspires a new modality of femininity endemic in Thai society and that it interpolates neoliberal women in line with the logic of wealth and class, all of which impact upon female bodies. I contend that postfeminist media is increasingly evident in Thai society and the audiences’ identification with and responses to the show underscore the structural gender arrangements within the society that can pose a hindrance to fully inventing oneself in the neoliberal culture.
后女权主义媒体文化是如何跨国传播的?是什么促成了后女权主义媒体在泰国的流行?本文对YouTube真人秀节目《This is Me Vatanika》进行内容分析。该节目以性别问题和促进性别平等为主题,增强女性赋权,鼓励女性领导,并在修辞上呼吁观众参与自我创造的过程。我利用后女权主义媒体文化及其敏感性,认为这个真人秀激发了泰国社会特有的一种新的女性气质,它将新自由主义女性与财富和阶级的逻辑相结合,所有这些都影响着女性的身体。我认为,后女权主义媒体在泰国社会越来越明显,观众对这部剧的认同和反应突显了社会内部的结构性性别安排,这可能会阻碍人们在新自由主义文化中充分创造自我。
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引用次数: 0
Taleng Phai: A Chakrabhand Puppet Play: Characteristics of Performance Literature 塔伦帕:一部查克拉手木偶剧:表演文学的特征
Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.1163/26659077-25010017
Ratchaneekorn Ratchatakorntrakoon
This research examines literary techniques used in the adaptation of Lilit Taleng Phai to a Chakrabhand puppet play and analyzes characteristics of Taleng Phai: A Chakrabhand Puppet Play as performance literature. The study reveals that four literary techniques were used to make this adaptation: 1) adaptation of the content; 2) the characters; 3) the pattern; and 4) the presentation. These adaptations contribute to the characteristics of puppet play as performance literature through five conventions: 1) use of an invocation for puppet performance; 2) inclusion of puppet songs; 3) insertion of jokes; 4) method of delivery of puppets to the stage; and 5) not ending with the death of a character. Importantly, the play includes three innovations of puppet performance: 1) the creation of a puppet play from historical literature; 2) the creation of an atmosphere in a puppet performance; and 3) the creation of songs and a singing format.
本研究考察了《利利特·塔楞佩》改编为查克拉hand木偶剧时所使用的文学技巧,并分析了《塔楞佩:查克拉hand木偶剧》作为表演文学的特点。研究发现,这种改编运用了四种文学技巧:1)内容的改编;2)人物;3)格局;4)展示。这些改编通过以下五个惯例为木偶剧作为表演文学的特征做出了贡献:1)使用木偶表演的调用;2)加入木偶歌曲;3)插入段子;(四)布偶上舞台的方法;5)不要以一个角色的死亡作为结尾。重要的是,该剧在木偶剧表演上有三个创新:1)根据历史文献创作木偶剧;2)木偶表演的气氛营造;3)歌曲的创作和演唱形式。
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引用次数: 0
Sentimental Novels and Anti-Sentimental Heroines: Womanhood Redefined in Late Eighteenth-Century British Novels 感伤小说与反感伤女主人公:18世纪晚期英国小说中重新定义的女性
Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.1163/26659077-25010016
Oak Joo Yap
Protagonists in the eighteenth-century British sentimental novel persevere in the face of extreme misery to remain chaste or to uphold their moral principles as dictated by convention. These characters excessive sentiments were viewed as highly desirable even by many men. Yet at the same time, there was considerable resistance against sentimental novels as they were increasingly denounced for encouraging women to indulge in “overstretched sensibility.” Highlighting the unjust treatment of women rather than their virtues in enduring it, novels with an anti-sentimental stance present independent heroines who question traditional female gender norms or rebel against authority in the spirit of female freedom. This paper examines how the eighteenth-century British sentimental and anti-sentimental novels reflected societal views of women in an era in which women began to resist patriarchal restrictions. It demonstrates the extent to which women and attitudes towards women evolved, and how the notions of femininity were redefined during the waning years of the eighteenth century.
18世纪英国感伤小说中的主人公在极度痛苦中坚持保持贞洁或坚持他们的道德原则。甚至在许多男人看来,这些过度情感的角色都是非常可取的。然而,与此同时,感伤小说也遭到了相当大的抵制,因为它们越来越多地被谴责为鼓励女性沉溺于“过度的感性”。反情感的小说突出了女性所受的不公正待遇,而不是她们忍受这种待遇的美德,呈现了质疑传统女性性别规范或以女性自由精神反抗权威的独立女主人公。本文考察了十八世纪英国的感伤小说和反感伤小说是如何反映女性开始反抗父权限制的社会观念的。它展示了女性和对女性的态度的演变程度,以及女性气质的概念是如何在18世纪的衰落岁月中被重新定义的。
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引用次数: 0
Locality Bias Effect and Interpretation of Thai Reflexive Anaphors 泰语自反回指的地方偏见效应与解释
Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.1163/26659077-25010022
Gazidate Supwatanapaisan, Theeraporn Ratitamkul
The two forms of Thai reflexive anaphors, tuaɁeeŋ ‘self’ and tua+pronoun+Ɂeeŋ ‘pronoun-self’, have been claimed to exhibit different referential patterns. While tuaɁeeŋ only co-refers with a local antecedent np within the same clause, tua+pronoun+Ɂeeŋ can refer to both local and distant antecedent np s. In this study, a self-paced reading experiment was used to examine whether and how Locality Bias guided the comprehenders’ online interpretation of tuaɁeeŋ and tua+pronoun+Ɂeeŋ. Our results showed that the reading time was significantly faster when a reflexive anaphor referred to a local np than when it did to a a distant np, regardless of the forms. This suggests that a local antecedent was preferred for both types of reflexives manifesting locality bias effect. Post hoc tests revealed that tua+pronoun+Ɂeeŋ appeared to be more sensitive to the locality bias than tuaɁeeŋ. This may result from the presence of the personal feature in tua+pronoun+Ɂeeŋ, which could restrict reference to local antecedents.
泰国语的两种形式的自反指,tuaɁeeŋ“自我”和tua+代词+Ɂeeŋ“代词-自我”,被认为表现出不同的指称模式。虽然tuaɁeeŋ只与同一子句中的本地先行词np共同引用,但tua+代词+Ɂeeŋ可以引用本地和远程先行词np。本研究采用自定速度阅读实验来考察地域偏见是否以及如何引导读者对tuaɁeeŋ和tua+代词+Ɂeeŋ的在线解读。我们的研究结果表明,无论形式如何,当反身指指本地np时,阅读时间明显快于反身指指远处np时的阅读时间。这表明两种类型的反射都更倾向于本地前词。事后测试显示,tua+代词+Ɂeeŋ似乎比tuaɁeeŋ对地方偏见更敏感。这可能是由于tua+pronoun+Ɂeeŋ中个人特征的存在,这可能限制了对本地先行词的引用。
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引用次数: 1
Framing of the Unified Examination Certificate by Malaysian Ethnic Newspapers 马来西亚少数民族报纸统一考试证书的框架
Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.1163/26659077-25010021
K. Lam, Yeo Wei Ting, L. Ang, F. Hoe
Media framing makes an issue salient. This study attempts to determine the frequency of episodic and thematic frames in news about the Unified Examination Certificate issue and identify the framing dimensions and valence used. Textual analysis of the content and headlines was performed on 100 news articles from newspapers of two languages. Results indicate that all the articles were framed episodically, with the “attribution of responsibility” dimension used most frequently, followed by the “human interest” and “conflict” dimensions. Chinese articles tended to use neutral valance, whereas Malay articles mostly used negative valence. These findings provide insights into ethnic politically-influenced and reader-oriented presentations of an issue by different newspapers. Future studies may focus on newspapers using the same language and investigate the framing effects by mainstream and alternative media.
媒体框架使问题变得突出。本研究试图确定关于统一考试证书发放的新闻中情节框架和主题框架的频率,并确定所使用的框架维度和效价。对两种语言报纸的100篇新闻文章的内容和标题进行了语篇分析。结果表明,所有文章的框架都是片段式的,其中“责任归属”维度使用频率最高,其次是“人类利益”和“冲突”维度。中文文章多使用中性价,马来文文章多使用负价。这些发现为不同报纸对同一问题的种族政治影响和读者导向的报道提供了见解。未来的研究可能会集中在使用相同语言的报纸上,并调查主流媒体和替代媒体的框架效应。
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引用次数: 0
The Dynamics of Kha Phra Kaeo Identity in the Context of Thai-Lao History and Politics 泰老历史与政治背景下的喀帕教认同动态
Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.1163/26659077-25010020
Kiattisak Bangperng
This research reports on findings from an ethnographic study on the Kha Phra Kaeo ethnicity to uncover its formation and to analyze its dynamics and cultural negotiations in the context of Thai-Lao history and politics. The ethnonym Kha Phra Kaeo designates an ethnic group descended from the Bru, with a consistent cultural structure, language and belief system. They were first perceived as an ethnic group due to events connected to the possession of a contested Buddha image called Phra Kaeo Phaluek Mok. They are seen as more distinctly Kha Phra Kaeo than the Bru, to whom they were related. Due to state power and political changes in Laos, The Kha Phra Kaeo underwent cultural assimilation and formed a distinct cultural group based on their legends and ritual reproductions, which are related to the Buddha image, to emphasize the group’s historical significance and to negotiate a higher place for the group within the Lao social hierarchy. The Kha Phra Kaeo people have the ability to adapt to changes while constructing a distinct ethnic and cultural identity.
本研究报告了一项关于Kha Phra Kaeo族群的民族志研究的结果,以揭示其形成并分析其动态和在泰老历史和政治背景下的文化谈判。Kha Phra Kaeo指的是布鲁人的后裔,具有一致的文化结构、语言和信仰体系。他们最初被认为是一个民族,因为他们拥有一尊有争议的佛像,名为Phra Kaeo Phaluek Mok。比起与他们有亲缘关系的布鲁族,他们被视为更明显的喀拉喀奥族。由于老挝的国家权力和政治变化,Kha Phra Kaeo经历了文化同化,形成了一个独特的文化群体,基于他们的传说和仪式复制,与佛像有关,强调该群体的历史意义,并为该群体在老挝的社会等级中争取更高的地位。Kha Phra Kaeo人有能力适应变化,同时建立独特的种族和文化身份。
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引用次数: 0
Thailand’s Trade Relations with the German Democratic Republic: the Example of Carl Zeiss Jena 泰国与德意志民主共和国的贸易关系:以卡尔蔡司耶拿为例
Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1163/26659077-25020015
Christina Warning
With the example of one of the German Democratic Republic’s (gdr) most renowned high-tech companies, Carl Zeiss Jena, this article argues that despite global and regional pressures, Thailand’s international trade relations have been nurtured largely without reference to ideological bias. Founded in 1846, the Carl Zeiss Jena Company grew to become an important patent holder in the production and export of precision optical instruments. By the 1930s, Carl Zeiss Jena was already an important international player, attracting military institutions and land surveying specialists, including clients from Siam/Thailand. In the decads to come, Carl Zeiss Jena’s relations with Thailand transcended the major global conflicts of the twentieth century, most notably the acrimonious Cold War period and Germany’s partition. This stability is a testament to the flexibility with which Thailand’s diplomatic and military elites have been willing to engage with diverse partners regardless of political affiliations and fundamental ideological differences.
本文以德意志民主共和国(gdr)最著名的高科技公司之一卡尔蔡司耶拿(Carl Zeiss Jena)为例,认为尽管面临全球和地区压力,泰国的国际贸易关系在很大程度上是在没有意识形态偏见的情况下发展起来的。卡尔蔡司耶拿公司成立于1846年,已发展成为精密光学仪器生产和出口的重要专利持有人。到20世纪30年代,卡尔蔡司耶拿已经是一个重要的国际参与者,吸引了军事机构和土地测量专家,包括来自暹罗/泰国的客户。在接下来的几十年里,卡尔蔡司耶拿与泰国的关系超越了20世纪主要的全球冲突,尤其是激烈的冷战时期和德国分治。这种稳定证明了泰国的外交和军事精英们愿意与不同的伙伴接触,而不考虑政治派别和根本的意识形态差异。
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引用次数: 0
Articulating Korean American Women’s Power Amidst Conflicts of Colonialism and War in Helie Lee’s Still Life with Rice 李的《与赖斯的静物》:在殖民主义和战争的冲突中阐明韩裔美国妇女的力量
Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1163/26659077-25020014
Kittiphong Praphan
Gender is a quintessential issue in Asian American literature, since Asian Americans are seen as weak with feminine qualities, according to the Western colonial concept. This paper examines Korean American women’s power through an analysis of Hongyong, the female protagonist in Helie Lee’s Still Life with Rice, who survives Japanese colonization in Korea and the Korean War and finally starts her new life as a Korean American woman in the United States. Hongyong goes beyond the concept of patriarchy in Korea and rescues herself and her family with her intelligence, determination, power, and bravery. As an Asian woman who successfully resettles in the United States, her achievement refutes the Western colonial concept which double-feminizes Asian women and the binary concept about the West and the East. Through Hongyong, the image of Korean American women, as part of Asian American women, is transformed from weak and powerless to strong and powerful.
性别是亚裔美国文学中的一个典型问题,因为根据西方殖民主义的概念,亚裔美国人被视为具有女性特质的弱者。本文通过分析Helie Lee的《Rice Still Life with Rice》中的女主人公洪勇,她在日本的殖民统治和朝鲜战争中幸存下来,最终以韩裔美国女性的身份在美国开始了新的生活,从而审视了韩裔美国女性的力量。洪勇超越了韩国的父权观念,用自己的智慧、决心、力量和勇气拯救了自己和家人。作为一名成功定居美国的亚洲女性,她的成就驳斥了西方殖民主义对亚洲女性的双重女性化观念和东西方二元观念。通过洪勇,作为亚裔美国女性的一部分,韩裔美国女性的形象从软弱无力转变为强大有力。
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引用次数: 0
Affective and Cognitive Processes in Cancer Narratives 癌症叙事中的情感和认知过程
Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1163/26659077-25020013
Monica Kah-Pei Liaw, S. Ting, K. Chuah, Collin Jerome
Research on cancer narratives has not contextualised emotional and cognitive processes in stages of coping. The study examined linguistic indicators of affective and cognitive processes in narratives of 31 Malaysian cancer survivors. The analysis of the 58,787-word transcript using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (liwc) software revealed that coping with cancer is a case of mind over emotions, with 12.52% of words related to cognitive processes and 4.17% to affective processes. Frequently used words linked to cognitive processes indicated the cancer survivors’ rationalisations of their denial of the diagnosis and explanations of treatment. Frequently used positive affective words reflect their optimism after reaching acceptance. Frequently used negative affective words indicate their trauma and uncertainty about the prognosis and treatment. Linguistic indicators of emotional and cognitive processes may be useful in identifying stages of coping so that appropriate support can be given to cancer patients and survivors.
对癌症叙事的研究没有将应对阶段的情感和认知过程语境化。该研究检查了31名马来西亚癌症幸存者叙述中情感和认知过程的语言指标。使用语言调查和字数统计(liwc)软件对58,787个单词的文字记录进行分析后发现,应对癌症是一个心智战胜情感的案例,其中12.52%的单词与认知过程有关,4.17%与情感过程有关。经常使用的与认知过程相关的词汇表明,癌症幸存者对他们拒绝诊断和解释治疗的合理化。频繁使用的积极情感词反映了他们在接受后的乐观态度。消极情感词的频繁使用表明他们的创伤和对预后和治疗的不确定性。情感和认知过程的语言指标可能有助于确定应对阶段,以便为癌症患者和幸存者提供适当的支持。
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引用次数: 0
Is it Possible to Maintain Information Flow in Japanese into Thai Translation? A Study of Connecting Clauses 是否有可能将日文的信息流翻译成泰文?连接从句研究
Pub Date : 2022-09-05 DOI: 10.1163/26659077-25010011
Somkiat Chawengkijwanich
This paper investigates the ordering of connecting subordinate and coordinate clauses in Japanese-Thai translation to examine whether it is possible to maintain information flow from the source text. Japanese preposed clauses were translated using both preposed and postposed clauses in the Thai translated text. Preposed clauses were used widely when they provided: 1) listed information; 2) grounded information for comprehending main clauses; 3) the framework within which main clauses are held; 4) temporal sequences; and 5) information linking prior context to a new discourse topic. Postposed clauses were used mainly to modify main clauses. In cases where clauses provided the information needed to comprehend subsequent clauses, professional translators attempted to place the clause sentence initially, despite a preference for sentence-final occurrence arising from Thai syntactic constraints. This demonstrated norms in Japanese-Thai translation in terms of awareness among professional translators of the significance of information flow in the source text.
本文考察了日泰语翻译中连接从属句和并列句的顺序,以考察是否有可能保持源语的信息流。日语的介词从句在泰语译文中同时使用介词和后置从句进行翻译。介词从句在下列情况下被广泛使用:1)列出的信息;2)理解主要条款的基础信息;3)持有主要条款的框架;4)时间序列;5)将先前的语境与新的话语主题联系起来的信息。后置子句主要用来修饰主子句。在分句提供理解后续分句所需信息的情况下,专业翻译人员会尝试将分句放在首位,尽管由于泰国语的语法限制,他们更倾向于将分句放在最后。从专业译者对源语信息流重要性的认识来看,这表明了日泰翻译的规范。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
MANUSYA: Journal of Humanities
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